Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 4 of 5 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

BioDIM Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Klaire Labs

BioDIM label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking BioDIM against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

BioDIM is a dietary supplement by Klaire Labs with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for hair, skin, and nail health, bone health and osteoporosis, joint and connective tissue support.Based on those ingredients, 904 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Tocophersolan, Diindolylmethane. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against BioDIM by Klaire Labs

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with BioDIM by Klaire Labs — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of BioDIM by Klaire Labs

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 12, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “BioDIM Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (150 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

BioDIM contains five ingredients: silica, diindolylmethane, starch, phosphatidylcholine, and vitamin E (tocophersolan). Diindolylmethane is the active ingredient — it's a compound from cruciferous vegetables that may help balance estrogen metabolism.

Silica supports bone and connective tissue health. Phosphatidylcholine is a phospholipid that supports cell membranes and liver function.

Vitamin E is an antioxidant. The remaining ingredients — microcrystalline cellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, water, silicon dioxide, and magnesium stearate — are inactive excipients that form and stabilize the capsule.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Strong

Strong clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Vitamin E deficiency — rated "Effective" (Vitamin E) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Ataxia with vitamin E deficiency (AVED) — rated "Effective" (Vitamin E) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Alzheimer disease — rated "Possibly Effective" (Vitamin E) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Beta-thalassemia — rated "Possibly Effective" (Vitamin E) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Osteoporosis — rated "Possibly Effective" (Silicon) (Natural Medicines).

Evidence for most uses of BioDIM is not yet established. Diindolylmethane has insufficient evidence to rate for benign prostatic hyperplasia, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical dysplasia, and breast pain (mastalgia).

Silica shows possibly effective evidence for osteoporosis, but insufficient evidence for hair loss. Phosphatidylcholine shows possibly effective evidence for ulcerative colitis, but insufficient evidence for fatty liver disease, alcohol-related liver damage, Alzheimer disease, and anxiety.

Vitamin E is effective for vitamin E deficiency and ataxia related to vitamin E deficiency, and possibly effective for Alzheimer disease, beta-thalassemia, G6PD deficiency, and intracranial hemorrhage.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Silicon Diindolylmethane Phosphatidylcholine Vitamin E

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Diindolylmethane is generally well tolerated in short-term studies, though long-term safety isn't established; common side effects include diarrhea, gas, headache, nausea, rash, and vomiting. A rare serious side effect is DRESS (drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms).

Silica from food and typical supplements is generally well tolerated, but high-dose or long-term safety hasn't been well studied. Phosphatidylcholine is generally well tolerated orally; common side effects include altered taste, bloating, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting — large doses (30 grams daily) can cause gastrointestinal upset.

Vitamin E is generally well tolerated at dietary amounts, but high-dose long-term supplements may increase bleeding risk; rare serious effects include bleeding and hemorrhagic stroke. For pregnancy, silica safety data advises against use; diindolylmethane and phosphatidylcholine are rated likely safe; vitamin E is possibly safe but avoid high-dose supplements unless directed by your doctor.

For breastfeeding, silica should be avoided; diindolylmethane should be avoided; phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E have insufficient data — speak with your healthcare provider first.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Silicon Diindolylmethane Phosphatidylcholine Vitamin E

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Vitamin E, Diindolylmethane.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; cancer treatments.
  • For scale: 905 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Double-check with your pharmacist before taking BioDIM if you're on blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (warfarin, aspirin, clopidogrel), hormonal birth control or estrogen replacement, diuretics, cyclosporine, chemotherapy drugs, niacin supplements, or any medication metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP1A2. Moderate-severity interactions exist with the first five categories; Minor interactions with the last.

If you're unsure whether your medications fall into these groups, use the checker on this page with your exact drugs.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with strong clinical evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

BioDIM may be worth considering if you're interested in supporting estrogen metabolism, but the evidence for most marketed uses is still being studied. If you take blood thinners, hormone therapy, diuretics, or chemotherapy, talk with your pharmacist before starting — the ingredient interactions are real and need a personalized check.

Silica is safe in pregnancy, but the other active ingredients have either no safety data or cautions in pregnancy or breastfeeding, so discuss with your doctor or pharmacist if you're pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or nursing.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 23, 2023.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about BioDIM, straight from the product label.

Brand Klaire Labs
Barcode (UPC) 817234010930
Net contents 60 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jan 23, 2023
DSLD ID 280439
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for BioDIM by Klaire Labs, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
60
UPC/BARCODE
817234010930
IngredientAmount% DV
Silica0 NP--
Diindolylmethane0 NP--
Starch0 NP--
Phosphatidylcholine0 NP--
Tocophersolan0 NP--
BioDIM Proprietary Blend150 mg--

Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Water, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

Free of the following common allergens: Milk/casein, eggs, fish, shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat and gluten. Contains no artificial colors, flavors, or preservatives.

Produced under a strict quality management system in compliance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) and third-party quality certifications.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: 1 capsule, 1 to 2 times daily with food or as directed by a healthcare professional.

Brand IP Statement(s)

BIODIM is a registered trademark of and is licensed from BioResponse, LLC, Boulder, Colorado. It is a proprietary, enhanced-bioavailability complex containing diindolylmethane (DIM).

SFI

Formula

It is a proprietary, enhanced-bioavailability complex containing diindolylmethane (DIM).

Precautions

Do not use if shrinkwrap is broken or missing.

Contains: Soy.

Caution: If you are pregnant, nursing, have a medical condition, or taking prescription drugs, consult your healthcare professional before using this product.

Keep out of reach of children.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place (59 degrees F - 85 degrees F) away from direct light.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

BioDIM by Klaire Labs label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

BioDIM label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in BioDIM by Klaire Labs

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

BioDIM Proprietary Blend

150 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Water, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

BioDIM by Klaire Labs Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against BioDIM?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
904Drugs
840 Moderate 64 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Tocophersolan 764
Diindolylmethane 269

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in BioDIM interact with 904 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 5 ingredients in BioDIM interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Tocophersolan Diindolylmethane

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in BioDIM with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Tocophersolan8 drug types · 764 drugs

Alkylating Agents

Theoretically, antioxidant effects of vitamin E might reduce the effectiveness of alkylating agents.
There's concern that antioxidants could reduce the activity of chemotherapy drugs which generate free radicals, such as cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, carmustine, busulfan, and thiotepa. However, some researchers theorize that antioxidants might make chemotherapy more effective by reducing oxidative stress that might interfere with apoptosis (cell death) of cancer cells. More evidence is needed to determine what effect, if any, antioxidants such as vitamin E have on chemotherapy. Advise patients to consult their oncologist before using vitamin E supplements, especially in high doses.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Concomitant use of vitamin E and anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents might increase the risk of bleeding.
Vitamin E seems to inhibit of platelet aggregation and antagonize the effects of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. These effects appear to be dose-dependent, and are probably only likely to be clinically significant with doses of at least 800 units daily. Mixed tocopherols, such as those found in food, might have a greater antiplatelet effect than alpha-tocopherol. RRR alpha-tocopherol (natural vitamin E) 1000 IU daily antagonizes vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Advise patients to avoid high doses of vitamin E, especially in people with low vitamin K intake or other risk factors for bleeding.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antitumor Antibiotics

Theoretically, antioxidant effects of vitamin E might reduce the effectiveness of antitumor antibiotics.
There's concern that antioxidants could reduce the activity of antitumor antibiotic drugs such as doxorubicin, which generate free radicals. However, some researchers theorize that antioxidants might make chemotherapy more effective by reducing oxidative stress that might interfere with apoptosis (cell death) of cancer cells. More evidence is needed to determine what effect, if any, antioxidants such as vitamin E have on chemotherapy involving antitumor antibiotics. Advise patients to consult their oncologist before using vitamin E supplements, especially in high doses.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)

A specific form of vitamin E might increase absorption and levels of cyclosporine.
There is some evidence that one specific formulation of vitamin E (D-alpha-tocopheryl-polyethylene glycol-1000 succinate, TPGS, tocophersolan, Liqui-E) might increase absorption of cyclosporine. This vitamin E formulation forms micelles which seems to increase absorption of cyclosporine by 40% to 72% in some patients. However, this interaction is unlikely to occur with the usual forms of vitamin E.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, vitamin E might induce metabolism of CYP3A4, possibly reducing the levels CYP3A4 substrates.
Vitamin E appears to bind with the nuclear receptor, pregnane X receptor (PXR), which results in increased expression of CYP3A4. Although the clinical significance of this is not known, use caution when considering concomitant use of vitamin E and other drugs affected by these enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Selumetinib (Koselugo)

Taking selumetinib with vitamin E can result in a total daily dose of vitamin E that exceeds safe limits and therefore might increase the risk of bleeding.
Selumetinib contains 48-54 IU vitamin E per capsule. The increased risk of bleeding with vitamin E appears to be dose-dependent. Be cautious when using selumetinib in combination with supplemental vitamin E, especially in patients at higher risk of bleed, such as those with chronic conditions and those taking antiplatelet drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Using vitamin E with warfarin might increase the risk of bleeding.
Due to interference with production of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, use of more than 400 IU of vitamin E daily with warfarin might increase prothrombin time (PT), INR, and the risk of bleeding,. At a dose of 1000 IU per day, vitamin E can antagonize vitamin K-dependent clotting factors even in people not taking warfarin. Limited clinical evidence suggests that doses up to 1200 IU daily may be used safely by patients taking warfarin, but this may not be applicable in all patient populations.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Niacin

Vitamin E might decrease the beneficial effects of niacin on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels.
A combination of niacin and simvastatin (Zocor) effectively raises high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels in people with coronary disease and low HDL levels. Clinical research shows that taking a combination of antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, and selenium) along with niacin and simvastatin (Zocor) attenuates this rise in HDL, specifically the HDL-2 and apolipoprotein A1 fractions, by more than 50%. Vitamin E alone combined with a statin does not seem to decrease HDL levels. It is not known whether the adverse effect on HDL is due to one of the other antioxidants or to the combination. It also is not known whether it will occur in other patient populations.

Likelihood Possible Evidence A
Tocophersolan full monograph & interactions

Diindolylmethane3 drug types · 269 drugs

Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, diindolylmethane might increase the risk of hyponatremia if used with sodium-depleting diuretics.
Large doses of diindolylmethane (600 mg daily) have been associated with two cases of asymptomatic hyponatremia in clinical research.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Estrogens

Theoretically, diindolylmethane might increase or decrease the effects of estrogens.
Diindolylmethane might have mild estrogenic or antiestrogenic effects. Theoretically, large amounts of diindolylmethane might interfere with hormone replacement therapy.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro evidence suggests that diindolylmethane can induce CYP1A2. Theoretically, it might increase metabolism of CYP1A2 substrates and lower serum concentrations. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Diindolylmethane full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for BioDIM, from the product label.

Klaire Labs

See all Klaire Labs products
Name
SFI USA
City
Reno
State
NV
ZipCode
89521
Web Address
Klaire.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

BioDIM by Klaire Labs: Common Questions

Does BioDIM by Klaire Labs interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, BioDIM has a known interaction with 904 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
BioDIM contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Does BioDIM work for hormone balance and breast health?
The evidence isn't established yet. Diindolylmethane has insufficient reliable evidence to rate for breast cancer, breast pain, cervical dysplasia, and benign prostatic hyperplasia — meaning studies haven't been thorough enough to say whether it works. If you're interested in it for these reasons, talk with your doctor about whether the current research supports a trial.
What are the most common side effects of BioDIM?
Diindolylmethane, the main active ingredient, commonly causes diarrhea, gas, headache, nausea, rash, and vomiting. Phosphatidylcholine may cause bloating, diarrhea, nausea, and altered taste. Most people tolerate it well, but gastrointestinal upset is the main concern.
Is BioDIM safe during pregnancy?
The silica in this product is rated likely safe in pregnancy. However, diindolylmethane, the active ingredient and the reason you'd take this product, doesn't have enough safety data — the facts advise against use. Talk with your doctor before taking BioDIM if you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
Can I take BioDIM while breastfeeding?
Diindolylmethane, the main ingredient, should be avoided while breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data. Phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E also lack enough reliable data on supplement use during breastfeeding — speak with your healthcare provider first to decide what's right for you.
What is diindolylmethane and why is it in this product?
Diindolylmethane (or DIM) is a compound that forms when you digest cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cabbage. It's included because it may influence how your body metabolizes estrogen, though evidence for specific health benefits is still being studied.
Will BioDIM interfere with my birth control or hormone replacement?
Possibly — diindolylmethane has a Moderate-severity interaction with estrogens and hormonal birth control. It may increase or decrease how your body uses these hormones, which could affect their effectiveness. Check with your pharmacist or doctor before adding BioDIM to your routine if you're on any form of hormone therapy.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

BioDIM label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind BioDIM’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Silicon

Silicon is a trace mineral found in the body and in foods like oats, barley, and certain fruits and vegetables, and it is popular in supplements for hair, skin, nail, and bone health. Some s...

Read the full Silicon monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Diindolylmethane

Interacts with 269 drugs

Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a compound made when your body digests cruciferous vegetables, and it is sold as a supplement mainly for hormone balance and cancer prevention. Although early lab s...

Read the full Diindolylmethane monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Phosphatidylcholine

Phosphatidylcholine is a phospholipid that is part of every cell membrane and a source of choline. People take it for liver, brain, and gut health, but solid human evidence is limited for mo...

Read the full Phosphatidylcholine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin E

Interacts with 764 drugs

Vitamin E is an essential fat-soluble vitamin and antioxidant that most people get in adequate amounts from a normal diet. Supplements can help correct a true deficiency, but high-dose vitam...

Read the full Vitamin E monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

BioDIM's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 112 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Silicon 19 references
  1. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  2. Jugdaohsingh R, Anderson SH, Tucker KL, et al. Dietary silicon intake and absorption. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;75:887-93. PubMed
  3. Ichiyanagi O, Sasagawa I, Adachi Y, et al. Silica urolithiasis without magnesium trisilicate intake. Urol Int 1998;61:39-42. PubMed
  4. Levison DA, Crocker PR, Banim S, Wallace DM. Silica stones in the urinary bladder. Lancet 1982;1:704-5. PubMed
  5. Lee MH, Lee YH, Hsu TH, et al. Silica stone--development due to long time oral trisilicate intake. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1993;27:267-9. PubMed
  6. Cruz Guerra, N. A., Gomez Garcia, M. A., Lovaco, Castellano F., Saez Garrido, J. C., Garcia, Cuerpo E., and Escudero, Barrilero A. [Silica urolithiasis: report of a new case]. Actas Urol.Esp 2000;24(2):202-204.
  7. Merget, R., Bauer, T., Kupper, H. U., Philippou, S., Bauer, H. D., Breitstadt, R., and Bruening, T. Health hazards due to the inhalation of amorphous silica. Arch Toxicol. 2002;75(11-12):625-634. PubMed
  8. Khuder, S. A., Peshimam, A. Z., and Agraharam, S. Environmental risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis. Rev Environ Health 2002;17(4):307-315. PubMed
  9. McLaughlin, J. K., Chow, W. H., and Levy, L. S. Amorphous silica: a review of health effects from inhalation exposure with particular reference to cancer. J Toxicol.Environ Health 4-25-1997;50(6):553-566. DOI
  10. Pelucchi, C., Pira, E., Piolatto, G., Coggiola, M., Carta, P., and La, Vecchia C. Occupational silica exposure and lung cancer risk: a review of epidemiological studies 1996-2005. Ann.Oncol. 2006;17(7):1039-1050. PubMed
  11. Gillissen, A., Gessner, C., Hammerschmidt, S., Hoheisel, G., and Wirtz, H. [Health significance of inhaled particles]. Dtsch.Med Wochenschr. 3-24-2006;131(12):639-644.
  12. Hu, J. F., Qu, H., and Wang, J. Z. [Meta analysis for relationship between exposure of free silicon dioxide and lung tumor]. Zhonghua Lao.Dong.Wei Sheng Zhi.Ye.Bing.Za Zhi. 2006;24(7):415-417.
  13. Jugdaohsingh, R. Silicon and bone health. J Nutr Health Aging 2007;11(2):99-110.
  14. Lacasse, Y., Martin, S., Gagne, D., and Lakhal, L. Dose-response meta-analysis of silica and lung cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2009;20(6):925-933. PubMed
  15. McCormic, Z. D., Khuder, S. S., Aryal, B. K., Ames, A. L., and Khuder, S. A. Occupational silica exposure as a risk factor for scleroderma: a meta-analysis. Int Arch Occup.Environ Health 2010;83(7):763-769. PubMed
  16. Haddad, F. S. and Kouyoumdjian, A. Silica stones in humans. Urol.Int 1986;41(1):70-76. PubMed
  17. Tervaert, J. W., Stegeman, C. A., and Kallenberg, C. G. Silicon exposure and vasculitis. Curr Opin.Rheumatol 1998;10(1):12-17. PubMed
  18. Steenland, K. and Stayner, L. Silica, asbestos, man-made mineral fibers, and cancer. Cancer Causes Control 1997;8(3):491-503. PubMed
  19. Boqué N, Valls RM, Pedret A, Puiggrós F, Arola L, Solà R. Relative absorption of silicon from different formulations of dietary supplements: a pilot randomized, double-blind, crossover post-prandial study. Sci Rep 2021;11(1):16479. PubMed

See these in context on the Silicon monograph →

Diindolylmethane 14 references
  1. Natl Inst Health, Natl Inst Environmental Health Sci. Indole-3-carbinol. Available at: http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov.
  2. Balk JL. Indole-3-carbinol for cancer prevention. Altern Med Alert 2000; 3:105-7.
  3. Riby JE, Chang GHF, Firestone GL, Bjeldanes LF. Ligand-independent activation of estrogen receptor function by 3,3'-diindolylmethane in human breast cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2000;60:167-77. PubMed
  4. Lake BG, Tredger JM, Renwick AB, et al. 3'3-diindolylmethane induces CYP1A2 in cultured precision-cut human liver slices. Xenobiotica 1998;28:803-11. PubMed
  5. Dalessandri, K. M., Firestone, G. L., Fitch, M. D., Bradlow, H. L., and Bjeldanes, L. F. Pilot study: effect of 3,3'-diindolylmethane supplements on urinary hormone metabolites in postmenopausal women with a history of early-stage breast cancer. Nutr Canc PubMed
  6. Reed, G. A., Arneson, D. W., Putnam, W. C., Smith, H. J., Gray, J. C., Sullivan, D. K., Mayo, M. S., Crowell, J. A., and Hurwitz, A. Single-dose and multiple-dose administration of indole-3-carbinol to women: pharmacokinetics based on 3,3'-diindolylmetha
  7. Reed, G. A., Sunega, J. M., Sullivan, D. K., Gray, J. C., Mayo, M. S., Crowell, J. A., and Hurwitz, A. Single-dose pharmacokinetics and tolerability of absorption-enhanced 3,3'-diindolylmethane in healthy subjects. Cancer Epidemiol.Biomarkers Prev. 2008; PubMed
  8. Del Priore G., Gudipudi, D. K., Montemarano, N., Restivo, A. M., Malanowska-Stega, J., and Arslan, A. A. Oral diindolylmethane (DIM): pilot evaluation of a nonsurgical treatment for cervical dysplasia. Gynecol.Oncol. 2010;116(3):464-467. PubMed
  9. Heath, E. I., Heilbrun, L. K., Li, J., Vaishampayan, U., Harper, F., Pemberton, P., and Sarkar, F. H. A phase I dose-escalation study of oral BR-DIM (BioResponse 3,3'- Diindolylmethane) in castrate-resistant, non-metastatic prostate cancer. Am.J.Transl.R
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