Echinacea Wellness Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Echinacea Wellness against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Echinacea Wellness is a dietary supplement by Terry Naturally with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for common cold, flu and respiratory infections, immune support.Based on those ingredients, 1,031 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) fresh pressed aerial juice extract, Andrographis (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract, Pelargonium (Pelargonium sidoides) root extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Echinacea Wellness by Terry Naturally
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Echinacea Wellness by Terry Naturally — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Echinacea Wellness by Terry Naturally
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Echinacea Wellness contains 3 active ingredients. The main one is echinacea (fresh pressed aerial juice extract from Echinacea purpurea), along with andrographis leaf extract and pelargonium root extract.
All three are herb extracts chosen for immune and wellness support. The product also contains inactive ingredients—cellulose powder, a plant-derived capsule material (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), silica, and vegetable magnesium stearate—that serve as fillers and binders to hold the capsule together.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence for echinacea's effectiveness is mixed and mostly insufficient. Our data shows no reliable evidence to support it for anxiety, athletic performance, ADHD, burns, chronic fatigue, or migraine.
Andrographis, by contrast, is possibly effective for ulcerative colitis, tonsil and throat infections, and osteoarthritis. Pelargonium is possibly effective for acute bronchitis and COPD but has insufficient evidence for sore throat.
If you're taking this product for a specific condition, talk with your doctor or pharmacist about what the evidence actually supports.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
All three ingredients are generally well tolerated over the short term, though echinacea and pelargonium may trigger allergic reactions—especially in people sensitive to ragweed, chrysanthemums, daisies, or related plants. The most common side effects are mild: nausea, diarrhea, rash, stomach upset, and headache.
Rare but serious reactions include severe allergies and, in isolated cases, liver inflammation (hepatitis). Andrographis at high doses or beyond 14 days of use is more likely to cause side effects.
Because long-term safety data is limited, discuss this product with your doctor or pharmacist before starting, particularly if you have liver disease or a history of allergies.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking this product, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take: blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (moderate risk of increased bleeding from andrographis and pelargonium, minor from echinacea); blood pressure medications (andrographis may lower pressure further); immunosuppressants including steroids (all three ingredients may interfere); cancer drugs, especially etoposide; any medication processed by liver enzyme CYP1A2, including caffeine or theophylline (echinacea may raise levels); or anti-anxiety sedatives like midazolam. No interactions are documented in our data for the inactive ingredients.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Echinacea Wellness is a three-herb blend with limited or modest evidence for some uses—mainly andrographis for sore throat and andrographis or pelargonium for certain respiratory issues. It's generally well tolerated short-term but carries multiple documented interactions with blood thinners, blood pressure drugs, cancer medications, and enzyme-metabolized drugs.
If you take any prescription medications, check them against this product's interactions first with your own doctor or pharmacist before starting.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 3 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated May 28, 2019.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Echinacea Wellness, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Terry Naturally |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 367703258269 |
| Net contents | 60 Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | May 28, 2019 |
| DSLD ID | 202623 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Echinacea Wellness by Terry Naturally, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Proprietary Formula | 275 mg | -- |
| Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) fresh pressed aerial juice extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Andrographis (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Pelargonium (Pelargonium sidoides) root extract | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Cellulose powder, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Silica, Vegetable Source Magnesium Stearate
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements
Money-back guarantee Echinacea Wellness delivers clinically studied ingredients that support a healthy immune system so you can feel healthy and vibrant. Strengthen immune defenses Sinus and bronchial support Every day resistance Great for the whole family
Clinically studied ingredients Triple strength immune defense For your good health Terry
Echinacea Wellness delivers a powerhouse of clinically studied ingredients that support your immune system so you can feel healthy and vibrant all year round.
Feel your best Fight back with Echinacea Wellness!
JC 34 91 + 3(5,6)EP BX25826.02
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Recommendations: 1 capsule, 3 times daily.
Precautions
If pregnant or nursing, consult a healthcare practitioner before using.
Formulation
Vegan
Non-GMO
No sugar, salt, yeast, wheat, gluten, corn, soy, dairy products, artificial coloring, artificial flavoring, or artificial preservatives.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
General
JC 34 91 + 3(5,6)EP L25826.02
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Brand IP Statement(s)
Terry Naturally EuroPharma
Formula
Triple immune-boosting action Immune response Echinacea helps your immune system respond to any challenge life throws your way. Strong Defenses Andrographis supports your defenses and is clinically shown to support lung and respiratory health. Respiratory power Pelargonium, also known as umckaloabo, supports your respiratory system and immune strength. Echinacea Andrographis Pelargonium
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Echinacea Wellness by Terry Naturally label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Echinacea Wellness by Terry Naturally
These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose powder, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Silica, Vegetable Source Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Echinacea Wellness by Terry Naturally Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Echinacea Wellness by Terry Naturally contains three active ingredients—echinacea, andrographis, and pelargonium—that together interact with a considerable range of medications.
The most serious documented interaction is a moderate-severity effect: echinacea may inhibit metabolism of caffeine and certain other drugs processed by the liver enzyme CYP1A2, raising their blood levels by around 30%. Altogether, these interactions span 1,032 individual medications.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Echinacea also has moderate interactions with blood thinners like warfarin (though the effect may not be clinically meaningful), immunosuppressant drugs, and the cancer medication etoposide. Andrographis carries moderate concerns with blood pressure medications (theoretically lowering pressure further), blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs (raising bleeding risk), and immunosuppressants.
Both echinacea and andrographis, as well as pelargonium, may interfere with immune-suppressing therapy through their immune-stimulating effects.
Pelargonium's documented interactions are limited to a minor theoretical risk with blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs. Additionally, echinacea has minor interactions with certain anti-anxiety medications (midazolam) and HIV protease inhibitors (lopinavir/ritonavir).
Before you take this product, run your exact medications through the checker on this page—especially if you take blood thinners, blood pressure drugs, immunosuppressants, cancer medications, or any drug metabolized by liver enzymes.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Echinacea Wellness?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Echinacea Wellness interact with 1,031 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
3 of the 3 ingredients in Echinacea Wellness interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) fresh pressed aerial juice extract Andrographis (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract Pelargonium (Pelargonium sidoides) root extract
6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionEchinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea has immunostimulant activity which may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAndrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might interfere with the effects of immunosuppressive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAdo-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + Abciximab interactionPelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root Extract + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea has immunostimulant activity which may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Abrocitinib interactionPelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Immunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAndrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Immunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionPelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAndrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionPelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionEchinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionPelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea can increase plasma levels of caffeine by inhibiting its metabolism.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Caffeine +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea can increase plasma levels of caffeine by inhibiting its metabolism.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea can increase plasma levels of caffeine by inhibiting its metabolism.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Echinacea Wellness — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Fresh Pressed Aerial Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Echinacea Wellness with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) fresh pressed aerial juice extract
Caffeine
Echinacea can increase plasma levels of caffeine by inhibiting its metabolism.
Echinacea seems to increase plasma concentrations of caffeine by around 30%. This is likely due to inhibition of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) by echinacea.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Echinacea appears to inhibit CYP1A2 enzymes in humans. Additionally, echinacea seems to increase plasma concentrations of caffeine, a CYP1A2 substrate, by around 30%. Theoretically, echinacea might increase levels of other drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4. This may increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Several clinical trials have shown that taking echinacea for up to one month does not significantly affect the metabolism of various CYP3A4 substrates, including midazolam, docetaxel, etravirine, lopinavir-ritonavir, and darunavir-ritonavir. However, other clinical research shows that echinacea may increase the clearance of midazolam, suggesting that echinacea might induce CYP3A4. The discrepancy is thought to be due to differing effects of echinacea on intestinal versus hepatic CYP3A4 enzymes. Echinacea appears to induce hepatic CYP3A4 but inhibit intestinal CYP3A4. In some cases, these effects might cancel each other out, but in others, drug levels may be increased or decreased depending on the level of effect at hepatic and intestinal sites. The effect of echinacea on CYP3A4 activity may differ depending on the CYP3A4 substrate.
Etoposide (Vepesid)
Echinacea may increase levels of etoposide.
In one report, concomitant use of etoposide and echinacea was associated with more severe thrombocytopenia than the use of etoposide alone, suggesting inhibition of etoposide metabolism. Etoposide is a cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrate. Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but some studies have reported inhibition of the enzyme.
Immunosuppressants
Echinacea has immunostimulant activity which may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy.
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy because of its immunostimulant activity.
Darunavir (Prezista)
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with the metabolism of darunavir; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Darunavir is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and is administered with the CYP3A4 inhibitor ritonavir to increase its plasma concentrations. Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but administration of an E. purpurea root extract (Arkocapsulas Echinacea, Arkopharma) 500 mg four times daily for 14 days did not affect darunavir/ritonavir pharmacokinetics in 15 HIV-infected patients.
Dayquil Severe
Echinacea is reported to have varying effects on a number of Cytochrome P450 metabolizing enzymes in the liver, including CYP1A2 and CYP3A4, which play a role in acetaminophen and dextromethorphan metabolism (both contained in DayQuil Severe), respectively. Studies have reported both enzyme inhibition and induction, making it difficult to predict clinically significant drug interactions with reliability. Specific drug interaction studies reporting definitive results are rare, and potential drug interactions involving echinacea should likely be taken on a case-by-case basis. Based on what we know about how acetaminophen and dextromethorphan are metabolized, the risk of a clinically significant interaction between echinacea and DayQuil Severe is low.
Docetaxel (Taxotere)
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with the metabolism of docetaxel; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Docetaxel is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but taking E. purpurea whole plant extract (Echinaforce, A. Vogel Biopharma AG) 20 drops three times daily for 2 weeks did not alter the pharmacokinetics of docetaxel in one clinical study.
Etravirine (Intelence)
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with the metabolism of etravirine; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Etravirine is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but taking E. purpurea root extract (Arkocapsulas Echinacea, Arkopharma) 500 mg three times daily for 14 days did not alter the pharmacokinetics of etravirine in HIV-infected patients.
Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra)
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with the metabolism of lopinavir; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Lopinavir is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and is administered with the CYP3A4 inhibitor ritonavir to increase its plasma concentrations. Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but taking E. purpurea (Echinamide, Natural Factors Nutritional Products, Inc.) 500 mg three times daily for 14 days did not alter the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir in healthy volunteers.
Midazolam (Versed)
Theoretically, echinacea may increase the metabolism of intravenous midazolam.
Echinacea induces hepatic CYP3A4 and might decrease plasma levels of midazolam by about 20%, reducing the effectiveness of intravenous midazolam. Echinacea also appears to inhibit intestinal CYP3A4, which could theoretically increase the bioavailability of oral midazolam. This may cancel out the decrease in availability caused by induction of hepatic CYP3A4, such that overall plasma levels after oral administration of midazolam are not affected by echinacea.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Echinacea seems to increase the clearance of warfarin, although the effect may not be clinically significant.
Preliminary clinical research in healthy male volunteers suggests that taking echinacea increases the clearance of the active S-isomer of warfarin after a single dose of warfarin, but there was not a clinically significant effect on the INR.
Andrographis (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Animal and laboratory studies suggest that andrographis has antiplatelet effects.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research suggests that andrographis has hypotensive effects.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, andrographis might interfere with the effects of immunosuppressive drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that andrographolide has immunostimulant activity.
Celecoxib (Celebrex)
Theoretically, andrographis extract might increase the maximum concentration and time to peak concentration of celecoxib. The clinical significance of these changes is unclear.
Animal research suggests that andrographis extract taken orally increases the maximum concentration and time to peak concentration of celecoxib but does not appear to impact the area under the curve.
Etoricoxib (Arcoxia)
Theoretically, andrographis might decrease the absorption of etoricoxib, although the clinical significance is unclear.
Animal research shows that andrographis extract, or the constituent andrographolide, taken orally with etoricoxib decreases the bioavailability of etoricoxib. However, this reduced bioavailability is not correlated with a reduction in the anti-inflammatory effects of etoricoxib in arthritic mice models. The clinical significance of this interaction is unclear.
Glipizide (Glucotrol)
Theoretically, andrographis extract might increase the maximum concentration and area under the curve of glipizide; however, opposite effects are seen with the constituent, andrographolide. The clinical significance of this interaction is unclear.
Animal research suggests that andrographis extract taken orally with glipizide in diabetes-induced rats increases the maximum concentration and area under the curve of glipizide. However, the opposite effect is seen with the constituent, andrographolide, in which the maximum concentration and area under the curve are decreased when taken with glipizide.
Pelargonium (Pelargonium sidoides) root extract
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
In vitro research suggests that Pelargonium sidoides has immunostimulant effects.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Pelargonium sidoides contains coumarin, which may reduce platelet aggregation. However, in animal models, Pelargonium sidoides extract does not appear to inhibit coagulation or interact with warfarin. This interaction has not been documented in humans.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Echinacea Wellness, from the product label.
Terry Naturally
See all Terry Naturally products- Name
- EuroPharma, Inc.
- City
- Green Bay
- State
- WI
- ZipCode
- 54311
- Phone Number
- (866) 807-2731
- Web Address
- EuroPharmaUSA.com
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Echinacea Wellness’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Echinacea
Interacts with 816 drugsEchinacea is a popular herb taken to help prevent or shorten the common cold, but study results are mixed and the overall benefit appears small at best. It is generally well tolerated for sh...
Read the full Echinacea monograph → Herb & supplement monographAndrographis
Interacts with 413 drugsAndrographis is a bitter Asian herb traditionally used for colds, flu, and infections, and some studies suggest it may ease cold symptoms and shorten how long they last. The evidence is limi...
Read the full Andrographis monograph → Herb & supplement monographUmckaloabo
Interacts with 241 drugsUmckaloabo is a root extract from a South African geranium that is most studied for short-term relief of acute bronchitis and other respiratory infections. Some clinical research suggests it...
Read the full Umckaloabo monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Echinacea Wellness's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 93 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Echinacea 51 references
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- Mullins RJ. Allergic reactions to Echinacea. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;104:S340-341 (Abstract 1003).
- Chavez ML, Chavez PI. Echinacea. Hosp Pharm 1998;33:180-8.
- Grimm W, Muller HH. A randomized controlled trial of the effect of fluid extract of Echinacea purpurea on the incidence and severity of colds and respiratory infections. Am J Med 1999;106:138-43. PubMed
- Taylor JA, Weber W, Standish L, et al. Efficacy and safety of echinacea in treating upper respiratory tract infections in children: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003;290:2824-30.. PubMed
- Luettig B, Steinmuller C, Gifford GE, et al. Macrophage activation by the polysaccharide arabinogalactan isolated from plant cell cultures of Echinacea purpurea. J Natl Cancer Inst 1989;81:669-75. PubMed
- Stimpel M, Proksch A, Wagner H, et al. Macrophage activation and induction of macrophage cytotoxicity by purified polysaccharide fractions from the plant Echinacea purpurea. Infect Immun 1984;46:845-9. PubMed
- Budzinski JW, Foster BC, Vandenhoek S, Arnason JT. An in vitro evaluation of human cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by selected commercial herbal extracts and tinctures. Phytomedicine 2000;7:273-82. PubMed
- Gallo M, Sarkar M, Au W, et al. Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to echinacea: A prospective controlled study. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:3141-3. PubMed
- Soon SL, Crawford RI. Recurrent erythema nodosum associated with echinacea herbal therapy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;44:298-9. PubMed
- Mullins RJ, Heddle R. Adverse reactions associated with echinacea: the Australian experience. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2002;88:42-51. PubMed
- Logan JL, Ahmed J. Critical hypokalemic renal tubular acidosis due to Sjogren's syndrome: association with the purported immune stimulant echinacea. Clin Rheumatol 2003;22:158-9.
- Schulten B, Bulitta M, Ballering-Bruhl B, et al. Efficacy of Echinacea purpurea in patients with a common cold. A placebo-controlled, randomised, double-blind clinical trial. Arzneimittelforschung 2001;51:563-8.. PubMed
- Yale SH, Glurich I. Analysis of the inhibitory potential of Ginkgo biloba, Echinacea purpurea, and Serenoa repens on the metabolic activity of cytochrome P450 3A4, 2D6, and 2C9. J Altern Complement Med 2005;11:433-9.
- Yale SH, Liu K. Echinacea purpurea therapy for the treatment of the common cold: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:1237-41. PubMed
- Gorski JC, Huang S, Zaheer NA, et al. The effect of echinacea (Echinacea purpurea root) on cytochrome P450 activity in vivo.Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003;73 (Abstract PDII-A-8):P94. PubMed
- Lee AN, Werth VP. Activation of autoimmunity following use of immunostimulatory herbal supplements. Arch Dermatol 2004;140:723-7. PubMed
- Goel V, Lovlin R, Barton R, et al. Efficacy of a standardized echinacea preparation (Echinilin) for the treatment of the common cold: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Pharm Ther 2004;29:75-83.
- Barrett B. Medicinal properties of Echinacea: a critical review. Phytomedicine 2003;10:66-86. PubMed
- Huntley AL, Thompson Coon J, Ernst E. The safety of herbal medicinal products derived from Echinacea species: a systematic review. Drug Saf 2005;28:387-400. PubMed
- Turner RB, Bauer R, Woelkart K, et al. An evaluation of Echinacea angustifolia in experimental rhinovirus infections. N Engl J Med 2005;353:341-8.
- Gurley BJ, Gardner SF, Hubbard MA, et al. In vivo assessment of botanical supplementation on human cytochrome P450 phenotypes: Citrus aurantium, Echinacea purpurea, milk thistle, and saw palmetto. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004;76:428-40. .
- Perri D, Dugoua JJ, Mills E, Koren G. Safety and efficacy of echinacea (Echinacea augustafolia, e. purpurea and e. pallida) during pregnancy and lactation. Can J Clin Pharmacol 2006;13:e262-7.
- Kocaman O, Hulagu S, Senturk O. Echinacea-induced severe acute hepatitis with features of cholestatic autoimmune hepatitis. Eur J Intern Med 2008;19:148. PubMed
- Barrett B, Brown R, Rakel D. et al. Echinacea for treating the common cold: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2010;153:769-77. PubMed
- Press Release: Echinacea herbal products should not be used in children under 12 years old. Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (UK). August 20, 2012. Available at: www.mhra.gov.uk/NewsCentre/Pressreleases/CON180627. (Accessed 21 October
- Barrett B, Brown R, Rakel D, Rabago D, et al. Placebo effects and the common cold: a randomized controlled trial. Ann.Fam.Med 2011;9:312-22. PubMed
- Haller J, Freund, TF, Pelczer, KG, et al. The anxiolytic potential and psychotropic side effects of an echinacea preparation in laboratory animals and healthy volunteers. Phytother.Res. 2013;27:54-61.
- Grbic J, Wexler I, Celenti R, et al. A phase II trial of a transmucosal herbal patch for the treatment of gingivitis. J Am Dent.Assoc. 2011;142:1168-75. PubMed
- Schapowal A, Berger D, Klein P, et al. Echinacea/sage or chlorhexidine/lidocaine for treating acute sore throats: a randomized double-blind trial. Eur.J Med Res 9-1-2009;14:406-12. PubMed
- Bossaer JB and Odle BL. Probable etoposide interaction with Echinacea. J.Diet.Suppl 2012;9:90-5.
- Abdul MI, Jiang X, Williams KM, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of echinacea and policosanol with warfarin in healthy subjects. Br J Clin.Pharmacol. 2010;69:508-15. PubMed
- Kemp, D. E. and Franco, K. N. Possible leukopenia associated with long-term use of echinacea. J Am Board Fam.Pract. 2002;15(5):417-419.
- Liatsos, G., Elefsiniotis, I., Todorova, R., and Moulakakis, A. Severe thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) induced or exacerbated by the immunostimulatory herb Echinacea. Am J Hematol. 2006;81(3):224.
- Penzak, S. R., Robertson, S. M., Hunt, J. D., Chairez, C., Malati, C. Y., Alfaro, R. M., Stevenson, J. M., and Kovacs, J. A. Echinacea purpurea significantly induces cytochrome P450 3A activity but does not alter lopinavir-ritonavir exposure in healthy s
- Maskatia, Z. K. and Baker, K. Hypereosinophilia associated with echinacea use. South.Med J 2010;103(11):1173-1174. PubMed
- Parnham MJ. Benefit-risk assessment of the squeezed sap of the purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) for long-term oral immunostimulation. Phytomed 1996;3:95-102. PubMed
- Schroder-Aasen T, Molden G, Nilsen OG. In vitro inhibition of CYP3A4 by the multiherbal commercial product Sambucus Force and its main constituents Echinacea purpurea and Sambucus nigra. Phytother Res 2012;26(11):1606-13.
- Moltó J, Valle M, Miranda C, et al. Herb-drug interaction between Echinacea purpurea and darunavir-ritonavir in HIV-infected patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011;55(1):326-30.
- Goey AK, Meijerman I, Rosing H, et al. The effect of Echinacea purpurea on the pharmacokinetics of docetaxel. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2013;76(3):467-74.
- Moltó J, Valle M, Miranda C, et al. Herb-drug interaction between Echinacea purpurea and etravirine in HIV-infected patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012;56(10):5328-31. PubMed
- Lawrenson JA, Walls T, Day AS. Echinacea-induced acute liver failure in a child. J Paediatr Child Health 2014;50(10):841.
- Hansen TS, Nilsen OG. In vitro CYP3A4 metabolism: inhibition by Echinacea purpurea and choice of substrate for the evaluation of herbal inhibition. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2008;103:445-9.
- Gabranis I, Koufakis T1, Papakrivos I, Batala S. Echinacea-associated acute cholestatic hepatitis. J Postgrad Med. 2015;61(3):211-2. PubMed
- Jalloh MA, Gregory PJ, Hein D, et al. Dietary supplement interactions with antiretrovirals: a systematic review. Int J STD AIDS. 2017 Jan;28(1):4-15. PubMed
- Karsch-Völk M, Barrett B, Kiefer D, Bauer R, Ardjomand-Woelkart K, Linde K. Echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.2014;(2):CD000530. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000530.pub3. PubMed
- Hoban CL, Byard RW, Musgrave IF. Analysis of spontaneous adverse drug reactions to echinacea, valerian, black cohosh and ginkgo in Australia from 2000 to 2015. J Integr Med. 2019;17(5):338-343. PubMed
- Ogal M, Johnston SL, Klein P, Schoop R. Echinacea reduces antibiotic usage in children through respiratory tract infection prevention: a randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial. Eur J Med Res. 2021 Apr 8;26(1):33. PubMed
- Lopresti AL, Smith SJ. An investigation into the anxiety-relieving and mood-enhancing effects of Echinacea angustifolia (EP107 ™): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Affect Disord 2021;293:229-237.
- Weishaupt R, Buchkov A, Kolev E, Klein P, Schoop R. Reduction of viral load in patients with acute sore throats: Results from an observational clinical trial with Echinacea / Salvia lozenges [published online ahead of print, 2023 Mar 8]. Complement Med Re
- Sumer J, Keckeis K, Scanferla G, et al. Novel Echinacea formulations for the treatment of acute respiratory tract infections in adults-A randomized blinded controlled trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023;10:948787. PubMed
Andrographis 26 references
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Thamlikitkul V, Dechatiwongse T, Theerapong S, et al. Efficacy of Andrographis paniculata, Nees for pharyngotonsillitis in adults. J Med Assoc Thai 1991;74:437-42.
- Zhang CY, Tan BK. Mechanisms of cardiovascular activity of Andrographis paniculata in the anaesthetized rat. J Ethnopharmacol 1997;56:97-101. PubMed
- Zhao HY, Fang WY. Antithrombotic effects of Andrographis paniculata nees in preventing myocardial infarction. Chin Med J (Engl) 1991;104:770-5.
- Amroyan E, Gabrielian E, Panossian A, et al. Inhibitory effect of andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata on PAF-induced platelet aggregation. Phytomedicine 1999;6:27-31. PubMed
- Zhang C, Kuroyangi M, Tan BK. Cardiovascular activity of 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide in the anaesthetised rat and isolated right atria. Pharmacol Res 1998;38:413-7. PubMed
- Puri A, Saxena R, Saxena RP, et al. Immunostimulant agents from Andrographis paniculata. J Nat Prod 1993;56:995-9. PubMed
- Melchoir J, Spasov AA, Ostrovskij OV, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot and phase III study of activity of standardized Andrographis paniculata Herba Nees extract fixed combination (Kan Jang) in the treatment of uncomplicated upper-respirator
- Calabrese C, Berman SH, Babish JG, et al. A phase I trial of andrographolide in HIV positive patients and normal volunteers. Phytother Res 2000;14:333-8. PubMed
- Gabrielian ES, Shukarian AK, Goukasova GI, et al. A double blind, placebo-controlled study of Andrographis paniculata fixed combination Kan Jang in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections including sinusitis. Phytomedicine 2002;9:589-97 PubMed
- Poolsup N, Suthisisang C, Prathanturarug S, et al. Andrographis paniculata in the symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Pharm Ther 2004;29:37-45. PubMed
- Coon JT, Ernst E. Andrographis paniculata in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections: a systematic review of safety and efficacy. Planta Med 2004;70:293-8.
- Kligler, B., Ulbricht, C., Basch, E., Kirkwood, C. D., Abrams, T. R., Miranda, M., Singh Khalsa, K. P., Giles, M., Boon, H., and Woods, J. Andrographis paniculata for the treatment of upper respiratory infection: a systematic review by the natural standa
- Burgos, R. A., Hancke, J. L., Bertoglio, J. C., Aguirre, V., Arriagada, S., Calvo, M., and Caceres, D. D. Efficacy of an Andrographis paniculata composition for the relief of rheumatoid arthritis symptoms: a prospective randomized placebo-controlled tria
- Saxena, R. C., Singh, R., Kumar, P., Yadav, S. C., Negi, M. P., Saxena, V. S., Joshua, A. J., Vijayabalaji, V., Goudar, K. S., Venkateshwarlu, K., and Amit, A. A randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical evaluation of extract of Andrographis pa
- Tang, T., Targan, S. R., Li, Z. S., Xu, C., Byers, V. S., and Sandborn, W. J. Randomised clinical trial: herbal extract HMPL-004 in active ulcerative colitis - a double-blind comparison with sustained release mesalazine. Aliment.Pharmacol Ther 2011;33(2) PubMed
- Sandborn, W. J., Targan, S. R., Byers, V. S., Rutty, D. A., Mu, H., Zhang, X., and Tang, T. Andrographis paniculata extract (HMPL-004) for active ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108(1):90-98. PubMed
- Melchior, J., Palm, S., and Wikman, G. Controlled clinical study of standardized Andrographis paniculata extract in common cold - a pilot trial. Phytomedicine. 1997;3(4):315-318. PubMed
- Balap A, Atre B, Lohidasan S, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic herb-drug interaction of Andrographis paniculata (Nees) extract and andrographolide with etoricoxib after oral administration in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 May 13;183:9-17. PubMed
- Bertoglio JC, Baumgartner M, Palma R, et al. Andrographis paniculata decreases fatigue in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a 12-month double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study. BMC Neurol. 2016; 16(1):77. PubMed
- Suwankesawong W, Saokaew S, Permsuwan U, et al. Characterization of hypersensitivity reactions reported among Andrographis paniculata users in Thailand using Health Product Vigilance Center (HPVC) database. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014; 14:515. PubMed
- Ciampi E, Uribe-San-Martin R, Cárcamo C, et al. Efficacy of andrographolide in not active progressive multiple sclerosis: a prospective exploratory double-blind, parallel-group, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. BMC Neurol 2020;20(1):173. PubMed
- Worakunphanich W, Thavorncharoensap M, Youngkong S, Thadanipon K, Thakkinstian A. Safety of Andrographis paniculata: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2021;30(6):727-739.
- More SJ, Tandulwadkar SS, Balap AR, Lohidasan S, Sinnathambi A, Mahadik KR. Effect of Andrographis paniculata extract and Andrographolide on the pharmacokinetics of Aceclofenac and Celecoxib in rats. Futur J Pharm Sci. 2023;9(1):1. PubMed
- Sundhani E, Nugroho AE, Nurrochmad A, Puspitasari I, Amalia Prihati D, Lukitaningsih E. Pharmacokinetic Herb-Drug Interactions of Glipizide with Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) and Andrographolide in Normal and Diabetic Rats by Validated HPLC Method. M PubMed
- Shang YX, Shen C, Stub T, et al. Adverse Effects of Andrographolide Derivative Medications Compared to the Safe use of Herbal Preparations of Andrographis paniculata: Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies. Front Pharmacol 20 PubMed
Umckaloabo 16 references
- Chuchalin AG, Berman B, Lehmacher W. Treatment of acute bronchitis in adults with a pelargonium sidoides preparation (EPs 7630): A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Explore 2005;1:437-45. PubMed
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