Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 5 of 7 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins

Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula is a dietary supplement by Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins with 7 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for high cholesterol, high triglycerides, heart health support.Based on those ingredients, 303 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactospore. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula by Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula by Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula by Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 30, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 2 of its 7 active ingredients.
  • “Probiolin Multi-Source Probiotic Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.

This formula contains seven active ingredients across two categories: four live-organism probiotics and three supporting compounds. The probiotics are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Bifidobacterium bifidum — beneficial bacteria intended to support digestive health.

The other actives are Bacillus coagulans (marketed as Lactospore), pantethine (a form of pantothenic acid), and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS, a prebiotic fiber that feeds beneficial bacteria). The capsule shell, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, and silica are inactive ingredients that hold the formula together and aid absorption.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: support intestinal flora and immune health.
  • We looked for evidence on: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Bacterial vaginosis, Clostridioides difficile infection, Colic, Constipation, Dyspepsia — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Bacterial vaginosis, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
  • Also on file: Bacillus Coagulans is rated "Possibly Effective" for Constipation, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Evidence for these ingredients is mixed and often limited. Lactobacillus acidophilus is rated possibly effective for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Helicobacter pylori infection, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and bacterial vaginosis, but possibly ineffective for atopic disease (allergies and eczema).

Bifidobacterium bifidum is possibly effective for IBS and respiratory tract infections. Bacillus coagulans is possibly effective for constipation and IBS.

Pantethine is possibly effective for high cholesterol (hyperlipoproteinemia). For most other uses listed — including FOS, respiratory allergies, anxiety, and Alzheimer disease — the evidence is too limited to rate either way.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Pantethine Lactobacillus Acidophilus Bifidobacterium Bifidum Bacillus Coagulans Fructo-oligosaccharides (fos)

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

The live probiotics in this formula are generally well tolerated in healthy adults and children, though those with weakened immune systems should talk with their doctor first. Gastrointestinal side effects like bloating, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, and nausea may occur, but they're uncommon.

A small number of trial participants on probiotic blends reported rash or itching, though it's unclear whether the probiotics themselves or other ingredients caused it. Rare cases of serious bacterial infection (sepsis, bacteremia, abscess) have been reported in critically ill or immunocompromised patients; these appear to be due to bacteria moving from one part of the body to another rather than from the probiotics themselves.

FOS commonly causes gas and bloating, especially at higher doses, though studies suggest doses under 10 grams daily are mild. Pantethine may rarely cause mild itching and shares FOS's potential for mild stomach upset.

Long-term safety data are limited for pantethine, and safety during breastfeeding has not been well studied.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Pantethine Lactobacillus Acidophilus Bifidobacterium Bifidum Bacillus Coagulans Fructo-oligosaccharides (fos)

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Pantethine, Bacillus Coagulans, Bifidobacterium Bifidum.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs.
  • For scale: 303 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, have your doctor or pharmacist check it against any antibiotics you're taking — you'll need to separate doses by several hours to protect the probiotics' effectiveness (Moderate severity). If you take blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs like warfarin or aspirin, ask about pantethine's potential to increase bleeding risk (Moderate severity).

We could not check Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum against any drugs — you may want to verify these separately with your pharmacist if you're on medications for other conditions.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This probiotic blend may help with IBS, constipation, and some digestive complaints, though evidence is modest and varies by ingredient. If you take antibiotics, blood thinners, or antiplatelet drugs, check your specific medications with your doctor or pharmacist before starting — timing matters for antibiotics, and pantethine may raise bleeding risk.

Gastrointestinal side effects like gas and bloating are possible but usually mild. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product fits your situation.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 7 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 26, 2012.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula, straight from the product label.

Brand Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins
Barcode (UPC) 035046009052
Net contents 60 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Apr 26, 2012
DSLD ID 7423
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula by Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
UPC/BARCODE
035046009052
IngredientAmount% DV
Lactobacillus casei0 NP--
Lactobacillus acidophilus0 NP--
Lactobacillus plantarum0 NP--
Bifidobacterium bifidum0 NP--
Pantethine1000 mcg--
Probiolin Multi-Source Probiotic Blend0 NP--
Lactospore0 NP--
Fructo-Oligosaccharides250 mg--

Other ingredients: Capsule shell, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Magnesium Stearate, Silica

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Seals/Symbols

MADE IN U.S.A. (flag)

WINDMILL(TM) Quality Supplements

General

905 83110602

General Statements

Active Culture

Help Support Overall Health, Intestinal Flora & Strong Immunity*

FDA Statement of Identity

DIETARY SUPPLEMENT

Brand IP Statement(s)

(C)Copyright 2008 All Rights Reserved.

Lactospore(R) is a registered trademark of Sabinsa Corporation.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

DIRECTIONS: Take 1 capsule daily right before bedtime as a dietary supplement, or as directed by a healthcare professional.

Formula

Adults only.

Contains Milk.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children.

Do not use if seal is broken.

Storage

Protect from heat, light, and moisture. Store at 15-30(0)C (59-86(0)F).

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula by Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula by Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins

These are the 7 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Pantethine

Interacts with
122 drugs
1000 mcg per serving

Pantethine is a derivative of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) that some studies suggest may modestly lower cholesterol and triglycerides. The evidence i...

Pantethine monograph & interactions

Probiolin Multi-Source Probiotic Blend

0 NP per serving

Fructo-Oligosaccharides

No known
interactions
250 mg per serving Form: Chicory

Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are a type of soluble fiber that acts as a prebiotic, meaning they feed the helpful bacteria in your gut. They are gener...

Fructo-Oligosaccharides monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Capsule shell, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Magnesium Stearate, Silica. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula by Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
303Drugs
303 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Lactobacillus acidophilus 182
Bifidobacterium bifidum 182
Lactospore 182
Pantethine 122

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula interact with 303 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 7 ingredients in Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Lactobacillus acidophilus Bifidobacterium bifidum Lactospore Pantethine

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Lactobacillus acidophilus1 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L. acidophilus.
L. acidophilus preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and L. acidophilus preparations by at least two hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lactobacillus acidophilus full monograph & interactions

Bifidobacterium bifidum1 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Bifidobacterium. bifidum with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of B. bifidum.
Since B. bifidum preparations usually contain live and active organisms, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and B. bifidum preparations by at least 2 hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Bifidobacterium bifidum full monograph & interactions

Lactospore1 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking antibiotics with Bacillus coagulans might decrease the effectiveness of B. coagulans.
B. coagulans preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and B. coagulans preparations by at least two hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lactospore full monograph & interactions

Pantethine1 drug type · 122 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, pantethine might increase the risk of bleeding with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Some evidence suggests that pantethine reduces platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Pantethine full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula, from the product label.

Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins

See all Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins products
Web Address
www.windmillvitamins.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula by Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins: Common Questions

Does Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula by Windmill Rx Premium Vitamins interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula has a known interaction with 303 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula contains 7 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Will this probiotic work if I'm taking an antibiotic?
Not as well if you take them at the same time. The antibiotic will kill many of the live organisms in this product, reducing how well it works. Separate them by at least two to three hours — take your antibiotic at one time of day and this product at another. Your doctor or pharmacist can help you plan the timing.
Can I take this if I'm on a blood thinner like warfarin?
Pantethine, one ingredient here, may increase bleeding risk when combined with blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting — they know your specific medication and can advise whether this product is right for you.
Is this safe during pregnancy?
Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum are rated possibly safe in pregnancy based on available data. We don't have pregnancy safety information on file for pantethine, Bacillus coagulans, or FOS. Since data are incomplete, talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this while pregnant to make sure it's appropriate for your situation.
What does this probiotic actually do?
The live bacteria in it are possibly effective for irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Evidence for other uses — like respiratory infections or hay fever — is too limited to say. Pantethine may help with high cholesterol, and FOS feeds your beneficial bacteria. Results vary by person and ingredient.
Will it cause gas or bloating?
Some people report bloating, flatulence, and abdominal discomfort, especially from the FOS at higher doses, but these are usually mild and uncommon. Starting with a lower dose and taking it with food may help. If symptoms persist or are bothersome, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.
What if I have a weakened immune system — is this safe for me?
Caution is advised. While probiotics are generally well tolerated in healthy people, those with weakened immune systems should check with their doctor first, since rare cases of serious infection have been reported in immunocompromised patients. Your doctor can help you decide if it's appropriate for you.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Pantethine

Interacts with 122 drugs

Pantethine is a derivative of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) that some studies suggest may modestly lower cholesterol and triglycerides. The evidence is limited and not strong enough to repla...

Read the full Pantethine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lactobacillus Acidophilus

Interacts with 182 drugs

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people, and there is reasonable evidence...

Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bifidobacterium Bifidum

Interacts with 182 drugs

Bifidobacterium bifidum is a 'friendly' bacteria (probiotic) that naturally lives in the human gut and is taken to support digestion and gut balance. Some evidence suggests probiotics may he...

Read the full Bifidobacterium Bifidum monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bacillus Coagulans

Interacts with 182 drugs

Bacillus coagulans is a spore-forming probiotic that survives stomach acid well and may help with some digestive problems such as IBS, constipation, and certain types of diarrhea. The eviden...

Read the full Bacillus Coagulans monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Fructo-oligosaccharides (fos)

Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are a type of soluble fiber that acts as a prebiotic, meaning they feed the helpful bacteria in your gut. They are generally considered safe for most people in...

Read the full Fructo-oligosaccharides (fos) monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Extra Strength Probiotic & Acidophilus Formula's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 57 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Lactobacillus Acidophilus 15 references
  1. Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
  2. Begtrup LM, de Muckadell OB, Kjeldsen J, Christensen RD, Jarbøl DE. Long-term treatment with probiotics in primary care patients with irritable bowel syndrome--a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 2013;48(10):1127-35 PubMed
  3. Chatterjee S, Kar P, Das T, Ray S, Gangulyt S, Rajendiran C, Mitra M. Randomised placebo-controlled double blind multicentric trial on efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium BB-12 for prevention of antibiotic-associated
  4. Shavakhi A, Tabesh E, Yaghoutkar A, Hashemi H, Tabesh F, Khodadoostan M,Minakari M, Shavakhi S, Gholamrezaei A. The effects of multistrain probiotic compound on bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized placebo-c
  5. Karamali M, Dadkhah F, Sadrkhanlou M, et al. Effects of probiotic supplementation on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Metab 2016;42(4):234-41. PubMed
  6. Badehnoosh B, Karamali M, Zarrati M, et al. The effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 May;31(9):1128-1136.
  7. Kumar S, Kumar R, Rohilla L, Jacob N, Yadav J, Sachdeva N. A high potency multi-strain probiotic improves glycemic control in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled pilot study. Pediatr Diabete
  8. Shahriari A, Karimi E, Shahriari M, Aslani N, Khooshideh M, Arab A. The effect of probiotic supplementation on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among high-risk pregnant women: A parallel double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial PubMed
  9. Xiao SD, Zhang DZ, Lu H, et al. Multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of heat-killed Lactobacillus acidophilus LB in patients with chronic diarrhea. Adv Ther. 2003;20(5):253-60.
  10. Rossi F, Amadoro C, Gasperi M, Colavita G. Lactobacilli infection case reports in the last three years and safety implications. Nutrients. 2022;14(6):1178. PubMed
  11. Ozer M, Goksu SY, Shahverdiani A, Mustafa M. Lactobacillus acidophilus-induced endocarditis and associated splenic abscess. Case Rep Infect Dis 2020;2020:1382709.
  12. Sadrin S, Sennoune S, Gout B, et al. A 2-strain mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Dig Liver Dis 2020;52(5):534-540. PubMed
  13. Stoffer JN, Slingsby TJ, Giuliari GP. Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis after intravitreal bevacizumab injection requiring intraocular lens explantation. Can J Ophthalmol 2022;57(1):e21-e22. PubMed
  14. Cukovic-Cavka S, Likic R, Francetic I, Rustemovic N, Opacic M, Vucelic B. Lactobacillus acidophilus as a cause of liver abscess in a NOD2/CARD15-positive patient with Crohn's disease. Digestion 2006;73(2-3):107-10.
  15. Hui J, Ren Y, Wang Y, Han Q. Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis postcataract operation: A case report with a literature review. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023.

See these in context on the Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph →

Bifidobacterium Bifidum 7 references
  1. Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
  2. Xiao JZ, Takahashi S, Odamaki T, et al. Antibiotic susceptibility of bifidobacterial strains distributed in the Japanese market. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2010;74(2):336-42. PubMed
  3. Rerksuppaphol S, Rerksuppaphol L. Randomized controlled trial of probiotics to reduce common cold in schoolchildren. Pediatr Int. 2012;54(5):682-7. PubMed
  4. Karamali M, Dadkhah F, Sadrkhanlou M, et al. Effects of probiotic supplementation on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Metab 2016;42(4):234-41. PubMed
  5. Badehnoosh B, Karamali M, Zarrati M, et al. The effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 May;31(9):1128-1136.
  6. Pruccoli G, Silvestro E, Pace Napoleone C, Aidala E, Garazzino S, Scolfaro C. Are probiotics safe? Bifidobacterium bacteremia in a child with severe heart failure. Infez Med. 2019;27(2):175-178.
  7. Esaiassen E, Hjerde E, Cavanagh JP, Simonsen GS, Klingenberg C; Norwegian Study Group on Invasive Bifidobacterial Infections. Bifidobacterium bacteremia: Clinical characteristics and a genomic approach to assess pathogenicity. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55(7) PubMed

See these in context on the Bifidobacterium Bifidum monograph →

Pantethine 9 references
  1. Da Col PG, Cattin L, Fonda M, et al. Pantethine in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia: a randomized double-blind trial versus tiadenol. Curr Ther Res 1984;36:314-22.
  2. Rubba P, Postaiglione B, De Simone F, et al. Comparative evaluation of the lipid-lowering effects of fenofibrate and pantethine in type II hyperlipoproteinemia. Curr Ther Res 1985;38:719-27.
  3. Coronel F, Tornero F, Torrente J, et al. Treatment of hyperlipemia in diabetic patients on dialysis with a physiological substance. Am J Nephrol 1991;11:32-6.. PubMed
  4. Agrati AM, Ambrosi G, Ferraro G, Palmieri. Gemfibrozil efficacy vs pantethine in dyslipoproteinemic patients: a controlled study. Curr Ther Res 1989;45:650-63.
  5. Rumberger, J. A., Napolitano, J., Azumano, I., Kamiya, T., and Evans, M. Pantethine, a derivative of vitamin B(5) used as a nutritional supplement, favorably alters low-density lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism in low- to moderate-cardiovascular risk No
  6. Hiramatsu, K., Nozaki, H., and Arimori, S. Influence of pantethine on platelet volume, microviscosity, lipid composition and functions in diabetes mellitus with hyperlipidemia. Tokai J.Exp.Clin.Med. 1981;6(1):49-57.
  7. McRae MP. Treatment of hyperlipoproteinemia with pantethine: A review and analysis of efficacy and tolerability. Nutrition Res 2005;25:319-333. DOI
  8. Cattin, L., Da Col, P. G., Fonda, M., Mameli, M. G., and Fergulio, G. A. Treatment of hypercholesterolemia with pantethine and fenofibrate; open randomized study on 43 subjects. Current Therapeutic Research 1985;38(Sep):386-395.
  9. Evans M, Rumberger JA, Azumano I, Napolitano JJ, Citrolo D, Kamiya T. Pantethine, a derivative of vitamin B5, favorably alters total, LDL and non-HDL cholesterol in low to moderate cardiovascular risk subjects eligible for statin therapy: a triple-blinded

See these in context on the Pantethine monograph →

Bacillus Coagulans 20 references
  1. Saxelin M, Chuang NH, Chassy B, et al. Lactobacilli and bacteremia in southern Finland 1989-1992. Clin Infect Dis 1996;22:564-6. PubMed
  2. Tynkkynen S, Singh KV, Varmanen P. Vancomycin resistance factor of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in relation to enterococcal vancomycin resistance (van) genes. Int J Food Microbiol 1998;41:195-204. PubMed
  3. Klein G, Zill E, Schindler R, et al. Peritonitis associated with vancomycin-resistant Lactobacillus rhamnosus in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient; organism identification, antibiotic therapy, and case report. J Clin Microbiol 1998;36:
  4. Kalima P, Masterton RG, Roddie PH, et al. Lactobacillus rhamnosus infection in a child following bone marrow transplant. J Infect 1996;32:165-7. PubMed
  5. Goldin BR. Health Benefits of probiotics. Br J Nutr 1998;80:S203-7. DOI
  6. Rautio M, Jousimies-Somer H, Kauma H, et al. Liver abscess due to Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain indistinguishable from L. rhamnosus strain GG. Clin Infect Dis 1999;28:1159-60.
  7. MacGregor G, Smith AJ, Thakker B, Kinsella J. Yoghurt biotherapy: contraindicated in immunosuppressed patients? Postgrad Med J 2002;78:366-7. PubMed
  8. Land MH, Rouster-Stevens K, Woods CR, et al. Lactobacillus sepsis associated with probiotic therapy. Pediatrics 2005;115:178-81.
  9. De Groote MA, Frank DN, Dowell E, et al. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG bacteremia associated with probiotic use in a child with short gut syndrome. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2005;24:278-80. PubMed
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  11. Pruccoli G, Silvestro E, Pace Napoleone C, Aidala E, Garazzino S, Scolfaro C. Are probiotics safe? Bifidobacterium bacteremia in a child with severe heart failure. Infez Med. 2019;27(2):175-178.
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See these in context on the Bacillus Coagulans monograph →

Fructo-oligosaccharides (fos) 6 references
  1. Briet F, et al. Symptomatic response to varying levels of fructo-oligosaccharides consumed occasionally or regularly. Eur J Clin Nutr 1995;49:501-7.
  2. Bouhnik Y, Vahedi K, Achour L, et al. Short-chain fructo-oligosaccharide administration dose-dependently increases fecal bifidobacteria in healthy humans. J Nutr 1999;129:113-6. PubMed
  3. Cummings JH, Macfarlane GT, Englyst HN. Prebiotic digestion and fermentation. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73:415S-420S. PubMed
  4. Souza DDS, Tahan S, Weber TK, Araujo-Filho HB, de Morais MB. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel clinical trial assessing the effect of fructooligosaccharides in infants with constipation. Nutrients. 2018;10(11). pii: E1602. PubMed
  5. Andermann TM, Fouladi F, Tamburini FB, et al. A Fructo-Oligosaccharide Prebiotic Is Well Tolerated in Adults Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Phase I Dose-Escalation Trial. Transplant Cell Ther 2021;27(11):932. PubMed
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See these in context on the Fructo-oligosaccharides (fos) monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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