Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 4 of 8 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Kidney Toner Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Mountain Meadow Herbs

Kidney Toner label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Kidney Toner against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Kidney Toner is a dietary supplement by Mountain Meadow Herbs with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for urinary tract complaints, diuretic (increasing urine flow), bloating and fluid retention.Based on those ingredients, 2,138 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Marshmallow, Buchu, Parsley. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Kidney Toner by Mountain Meadow Herbs

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Kidney Toner by Mountain Meadow Herbs — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Kidney Toner by Mountain Meadow Herbs

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 8 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (1.25 mL) without saying how much of each component you get.

Kidney Toner is a liquid blend with 8 ingredients. The active herbal components are buchu, marshmallow, cornsilk, parsley, cleavers, blue vervain, shepherd's purse, and European vervain.

The product also contains vegetable glycerin, distilled water, and organic grain alcohol as inactive ingredients to preserve and deliver the herbs.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: kidney strengthener and support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Kidney stones (nephrolithiasis), Urinary tract infections (UTIs), Postpartum complications, kidney function, renal health, bladder support.
  • The closest evidence on file: Shepherd's Purse is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Postpartum complications (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Parsley is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Kidney stones (nephrolithiasis), Urinary tract infections (UTIs).

We don't have effectiveness data for most of these ingredients in our records. Parsley, marshmallow, and shepherd's purse have all been studied for various uses — urinary tract infections, digestive issues, and postpartum bleeding, among others — but the evidence available to us is rated insufficient to say whether they actually work for those purposes.

The same goes for the other ingredients: we simply don't have established effectiveness ratings for them in the data we hold.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Buchu Marshmallow Parsley Shepherd's Purse

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Buchu is generally used in food amounts, but medicinal doses lack strong safety data and the essential oil may irritate. Marshmallow and parsley are generally well tolerated at moderate doses, though parsley in very high amounts (10 grams or more of certain compounds) can cause serious effects like anemia and low platelet counts — though that's far beyond typical supplement amounts.

Shepherd's purse may cause sedation, changes in blood pressure, or heart palpitations in some people. During pregnancy, buchu and shepherd's purse are likely unsafe — the data advises against them.

For parsley and marshmallow, there isn't enough reliable safety data to know whether they're safe in pregnancy; talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice. During breastfeeding, buchu should be avoided; marshmallow and shepherd's purse lack sufficient safety information, so a discussion with your pharmacist is wise.

We have no pregnancy or breastfeeding data on file for cornsilk, cleavers, blue vervain, or European vervain.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Buchu Marshmallow Parsley Shepherd's Purse

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Shepherd's Purse, Buchu, Marshmallow, Parsley.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 2,139 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking Kidney Toner, double-check if you use anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs like warfarin, clopidogrel, or aspirin (parsley and buchu may increase bleeding risk); antidiabetes drugs (parsley may lower blood sugar too much); lithium (buchu and marshmallow may raise its levels); CYP1A2 substrates — drugs broken down by a specific liver enzyme (parsley may raise their levels); diuretics or water pills (parsley may interfere); thyroid hormone (shepherd's purse may interfere); sedatives or CNS depressants (shepherd's purse may add to drowsiness); sirolimus, an immunosuppressant (parsley may raise levels); or pentobarbital or other barbiturates (parsley may prolong effects). Run each medication through the checker.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

If you take any blood thinners, diabetes medications, lithium, thyroid hormones, or sedatives, you need to check your exact medications with the tool on this page before starting Kidney Toner. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should talk with their pharmacist first.

This product is not for everyone, and a quick medication check will tell you if it's right for you.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 25, 2020.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Kidney Toner, straight from the product label.

Brand Mountain Meadow Herbs
Barcode (UPC) 813086010968
Net contents 4 fl. Oz.; 120 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jan 25, 2020
DSLD ID 212672
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Children 4 or More Years of Age, Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Kidney Toner by Mountain Meadow Herbs, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
0.25 Teaspoon(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
0.25 Teaspoon(s)
Servings per container
96
UPC/BARCODE
813086010968
IngredientAmount% DV
Proprietary Blend1.25 mL--
Buchu0 NP--
Marshmallow0 NP--
Cornsilk0 NP--
Parsley0 NP--
Cleavers0 NP--
Blue Vervain0 NP--
Shepherd's Purse0 NP--
European Vervain0 NP--

Other ingredients: Vegetable Glycerin, distilled Water, organic Grain Alcohol

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Formulation

Kidney strengthener

GF (Gluten Free) Sugar Free

Vegan

Support for compromised kidneys Help to flush kidneys Strengthen and promote dryness Gentle and soothing

General Statements

Everyday health

FDA Statement of Identity

Herbal Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: 3-11 years: 1/8 tsp. 12 years and older: 1/4 tsp. Take in warm water 1-3 times daily.

Shake well.

Precautions

Caution: If you are pregnant, nursing, have a medical condition, or are taking a prescription, consult your health care provider before using this product.

Keep out of reach of children.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place out of sunlight.

Seals/Symbols

Made in Montana USA

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Kidney Toner by Mountain Meadow Herbs label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Kidney Toner label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Kidney Toner by Mountain Meadow Herbs

These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size0.25 Teaspoon(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container96 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Blend

1.25 mL per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Vegetable Glycerin, Distilled Water, Organic Grain Alcohol. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Kidney Toner by Mountain Meadow Herbs Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Kidney Toner?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
2,138Drugs
882 Moderate 1,256 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Marshmallow 2,040
Buchu 481
Parsley 443
Shepherd's Purse 264

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Kidney Toner interact with 2,138 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 8 ingredients in Kidney Toner interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Marshmallow Buchu Parsley Shepherd's Purse

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Kidney Toner with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Marshmallow3 drug types · 2,040 drugs

Lithium

Theoretically, due to potential diuretic effects, marshmallow might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Marshmallow is thought to have diuretic properties. To avoid lithium toxicity, the dose of lithium might need to be decreased when used with marshmallow.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, marshmallow flower might have antiplatelet effects.
Animal research suggests that marshmallow flower extract has antiplatelet effects. However, the root and leaf of marshmallow, not the flower, are the plant parts most commonly found in dietary supplements. Theoretically, use of marshmallow flower with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs can have additive effects, and might increase the risk for bleeding in some patients.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Oral Drugs

Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Marshmallow contains mucilage which can affect oral drug absorption. To avoid changes in absorption, take marshmallow 30-60 minutes after oral medications.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Marshmallow full monograph & interactions

Buchu3 drug types · 481 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Buchu may have antiplatelet effects. Theoretically, buchu may enhance the effects of anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs and increase the risk of bleeding in some patients. Some anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, ticlopidine (Ticlid), warfarin (Coumadin), and others.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Hepatotoxic Drugs

Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin. There is some concern that buchu may adversely affect the liver, especially when the leaf is used in large doses or the oil is ingested. Theoretically, concomitant use with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage. Some of these drugs include acarbose (Precose, Prandase), amiodarone (Cordarone), atorvastatin (Lipitor), azathioprine (Imuran), carbamazepine (Tegretol), cerivastatin (Baycol), diclofenac (Voltaren), felbamate (Felbatol), fenofibrate (Tricor), fluvastatin (Lescol), gemfibrozil (Lopid), isoniazid, itraconazole, (Sporanox), ketoconazole (Nizoral), leflunomide (Arava), lovastatin (Mevacor), methotrexate (Rheumatrex), nevirapine (Viramune), niacin, nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin), pioglitazone (Actos), pravastatin (Pravachol), pyrazinamide, rifampin (Rifadin), ritonavir (Norvir), rosiglitazone (Avandia), simvastatin (Zocor), tacrine (Cognex), tamoxifen, terbinafine (Lamisil), valproic acid, and zileuton (Zyflo)

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Buchu is thought to have diuretic properties. Theoretically, buchu might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Buchu full monograph & interactions

Parsley8 drug types · 443 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, parsley might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Animal research suggests that parsley has antiplatelet effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, parsley might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research suggests that parsley might decrease blood glucose. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Laboratory research suggests that parsley can inhibit CYP1A2.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, parsley might enhance or interfere with the effects of diuretic drugs.
Animal research suggests that parsley seed extract increases urine elimination. Parsley leaf and root might also interfere with diuretic therapy due their purported aquaretic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Pentobarbital (Nembutal)

Theoretically, parsley might increase the duration of pentobarbital effects.
Animal research suggests that parsley juice prolongs the action of pentobarbital, perhaps by decreasing cytochrome P450 levels. It is not known if this occurs in humans or if this applies to other barbiturates or sedatives.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sirolimus (Rapamune)

Theoretically, large quantities of parsley might increase sirolimus levels.
In one case report, an adult female with a history of kidney transplant presented with elevated blood sirolimus levels, approximately 4-7 times greater than previous measures, after daily consumption of a juice containing approximately 30 grams of parsley for 7 days. Sirolimus levels returned to normal a week after the parsley juice was discontinued.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, large amounts of parsley leaf and root might decrease the effects of warfarin.
Parlsey contains vitamin K.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Aspirin

Theoretically, aspirin might increase the severity of allergic reactions to parsley.
In one case, severe urticaria and swelling were reported after taking aspirin with parsley in an individual with a known mild parsley allergy.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Parsley full monograph & interactions

Shepherd's Purse2 drug types · 264 drugs

Cns Depressants

Theoretically, concomitant use with drugs with sedative properties may cause additive effects and side effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, concomitant use may interfere with thyroid dysfunction therapy.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Shepherd's Purse full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Kidney Toner, from the product label.

Mountain Meadow Herbs

See all Mountain Meadow Herbs products
Name
Mountain Meadow Herbs, Inc.
Street Address
1019 Hard Rock Rd
City
Somers
State
MT
ZipCode
59932
Phone Number
888.528.8615
Web Address
www.mmherbs.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Kidney Toner by Mountain Meadow Herbs: Common Questions

Does Kidney Toner by Mountain Meadow Herbs interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Kidney Toner has a known interaction with 2,138 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Kidney Toner contains 8 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is Kidney Toner safe during pregnancy?
No — buchu and shepherd's purse are likely unsafe in pregnancy because they may stimulate the uterus. Parsley and marshmallow don't have enough reliable safety data to know either way. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before using this product if you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
Can I take this while breastfeeding?
Not safely, based on what we know. Buchu should be avoided while breastfeeding. Marshmallow and shepherd's purse lack sufficient safety information. Cornsilk, cleavers, blue vervain, and European vervain have no safety data on file for breastfeeding. Check with your pharmacist for personalized advice.
Does parsley in this product really lower blood sugar?
Animal research suggests parsley might decrease blood glucose, but we don't have reliable human evidence that it does. If you take diabetes medications, the concern is that parsley might add to their effect and cause your blood sugar to drop too low — which is why you need to check with your pharmacist before starting.
What is buchu used for in this blend?
Buchu is an herb traditionally thought to have diuretic (water pill) properties and has been used in kidney and urinary health formulas. We don't have effectiveness data for it in our records, so we can't confirm whether it actually works for that purpose.
Will this product thin my blood?
Parsley, buchu, and marshmallow all have antiplatelet effects that theoretically could increase bleeding risk, especially if you already take blood thinners or aspirin. This is a Moderate-severity concern — talk with your pharmacist before adding this product to your routine if you use any blood-thinning medication.
Why can't you check cornsilk, cleavers, blue vervain, or European vervain for interactions?
We don't hold monographs or interaction data for those four ingredients, so we simply can't check them. That doesn't mean they're safe or unsafe — it means we have no data. Your pharmacist can help you research them further if you're concerned.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Kidney Toner is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Kidney Toner label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Kidney Toner’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Buchu

Interacts with 481 drugs

Buchu is a fragrant South African shrub whose leaves are traditionally used for urinary and bladder complaints and as a diuretic. Solid human studies are lacking, so its benefits are largely...

Read the full Buchu monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Marshmallow

Interacts with 2,040 drugs

Marshmallow root is a traditional herb rich in soothing, gel-like fibers called mucilage, which is why it has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and stomach irritation. Evidence for th...

Read the full Marshmallow monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Parsley

Interacts with 443 drugs

Parsley is a popular culinary herb that is safe to eat in normal food amounts and is a good source of vitamins K and C. It is traditionally used as a diuretic and for digestion, but solid hu...

Read the full Parsley monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Shepherd's Purse

Interacts with 264 drugs

Shepherd's purse is a traditional herb most often used to help slow heavy menstrual bleeding and other minor bleeding, but solid human research is very limited. Because it may affect blood c...

Read the full Shepherd's Purse monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Kidney Toner's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 33 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Buchu 3 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. Fetrow CW, Avila JR. Professional's Handbook of Complementary & Alternative Medicines. 1st ed. Springhouse, PA: Springhouse Corp., 1999.
  3. Moolla A, Viljoen AM. 'Buchu' - Agathosma betulina and Agathosma crenulata (Retaceae): a review. J Ethnopharmacol 2008;119(3):413-9.

See these in context on the Buchu monograph →

Marshmallow 5 references
  1. Monographs on the medicinal uses of plant drugs. Exeter, UK: European Scientific Co-op Phytother, 1997.
  2. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  3. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  4. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  5. Hage-Sleiman R, Mroueh M, Daher CF. Pharmacological evaluation of aqueous extract of Althaea officinalis flower grown in Lebanon. Pharm Biol 2011;49(3):327-33.

See these in context on the Marshmallow monograph →

Parsley 21 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  3. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  4. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  5. Robbers JE, Tyler VE. Tyler's Herbs of Choice: The Therapeutic Use of Phytomedicinals. New York, NY: The Haworth Herbal Press, 1999.
  6. Foster S, Tyler VE. Tyler's Honest Herbal, 4th ed., Binghamton, NY: Haworth Herbal Press, 1999. DOI
  7. Eberhard P, Gall HM, Muller I, Moller R. Dramatic augmentation of a food allergy by acetylsalicylic acid. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;105:844 PubMed
  8. Tunali T, Yarat A, Yanardag R, et al. Effect of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) on the skin of STZ induced diabetic rats. Phytother Res 1999;13:138-41.. DOI
  9. Chuang CH, Doyle P, Wang JD, et al. Herbal medicines used during the first trimester and major congenital malformations: an analysis of data from a pregnancy cohort study. Drug Saf 2006;29:537-48. PubMed
  10. Ciganda C, and Laborde A. Herbal infusions used for induced abortion. J Toxicol.Clin Toxicol. 2003;41:235-239. PubMed
  11. Jakovljevic, V., Raskovic, A., Popovic, M., and Sabo, J. The effect of celery and parsley juices on pharmacodynamic activity of drugs involving cytochrome P450 in their metabolism. Eur.J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2002;27(3):153-156. PubMed
  12. Kreydiyyeh, S. I. and Usta, J. Diuretic effect and mechanism of action of parsley. J Ethnopharmacol 2002;79(3):353-357. PubMed
  13. Yanardag, R., Bolkent, S., Tabakoglu-Oguz, A., and Ozsoy-Sacan, O. Effects of Petroselinum crispum extract on pancreatic B cells and blood glucose of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 2003;26(8):1206-1210. PubMed
  14. Bolkent, S., Yanardag, R., Ozsoy-Sacan, O., and Karabulut-Bulan, O. Effects of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) on the liver of diabetic rats: a morphological and biochemical study. Phytother.Res 2004;18(12):996-999.
  15. Ozsoy-Sacan, O., Yanardag, R., Orak, H., Ozgey, Y., Yarat, A., and Tunali, T. Effects of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) extract versus glibornuride on the liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 3-8-2006;104(1-2):175-181. PubMed
  16. Peterson, S., Lampe, J. W., Bammler, T. K., Gross-Steinmeyer, K., and Eaton, D. L. Apiaceous vegetable constituents inhibit human cytochrome P-450 1A2 (hCYP1A2) activity and hCYP1A2-mediated mutagenicity of aflatoxin B1. Food Chem.Toxicol. 2006;44(9):147 PubMed
  17. Gadi, D., Bnouham, M., Aziz, M., Ziyyat, A., Legssyer, A., Legrand, C., Lafeve, F. F., and Mekhfi, H. Parsley extract inhibits in vitro and ex vivo platelet aggregation and prolongs bleeding time in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 8-17-2009;125(1):170-174. PubMed
  18. Arslan S, Ucar R, Caliskaner AZ. A Cases of Near-fatal Anaphylaxis: Parsley "Over-use" as an Herbal Remedy. Med Arch. 2014;68(6):426-7.
  19. Foti C, Cassano N, Mistrello G, Amato S, Romita P, Vena GA. Contact urticaria to raw arugula and parsley. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2011 May;106(5):447-8. PubMed
  20. Farzaei MH, Abbasabadi Z, Ardekani MR, Rahimi R, Farzaei F. Parsley: a review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and biological activities. J Tradit Chin Med. 2013;33(6):815-26. PubMed
  21. Kurtaran M, Koc NS, Aksun MS, Yildirim T, Yilmaz SR, Erdem Y. Petroselinum crispum, a commonly consumed food, affects sirolimus level in a renal transplant recipient: a case report. Ther Adv Drug Saf 2021;12:20420986211009358.

See these in context on the Parsley monograph →

Shepherd's Purse 4 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  3. Naafe M, Kariman N, Keshavarz Z, et al. Effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Capsella bursa-pastoris on heavy menstrual bleeding: A randomized clinical trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2018;24(7):694-700. PubMed
  4. Ghalandari S, Kariman N, Sheikhan Z, et al. Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Capsella bursa pastoris on early postpartum hemorrhage: A clinical trial study. J Altern Complement Med. 2017;23(10):794-799.

See these in context on the Shepherd's Purse monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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