Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

More Milk Plus Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Motherlove

More Milk Plus label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking More Milk Plus against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

More Milk Plus is a dietary supplement by Motherlove with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for enlarged prostate (bph) symptoms, seasonal allergies, joint pain and arthritis.Based on those ingredients, 992 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Fennel seed extract, Fenugreek Seed Extract, Nettle leaf extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against More Milk Plus by Motherlove

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with More Milk Plus by Motherlove — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of More Milk Plus by Motherlove

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Extract Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (970 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

More Milk Plus contains four active ingredients in a proprietary extract blend: nettle leaf extract, fennel seed extract, fenugreek seed extract, and blessed thistle herb extract. Each has a traditional role in lactation support, though the strength of evidence varies.

The product is formulated as a liquid, with alcohol and deionized water as inactive ingredients.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Support breast milk supply and increase freezer stash.
  • We looked for evidence on: Lactation, Milk production, Nursing support, Breastfeeding insufficiency.
  • The closest evidence on file: Fennel is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Lactation (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Fenugreek is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Lactation.

The product's ingredients have varying levels of research backing. Nettle leaf extract is possibly effective for diabetes, though evidence for its other traditional uses—allergic rhinitis, anemia, asthma, prostate health, and gingivitis—is insufficient.

Fennel seed extract is possibly effective for dysmenorrhea (period pain); evidence for bronchitis, anxiety, bed-wetting, and cholera is insufficient. Fenugreek seed extract is possibly effective for sexual dysfunction, sexual arousal, dysmenorrhea, and diabetes.

Blessed thistle herb extract lacks reliable evidence for dyspepsia (indigestion). Overall, the specific evidence that these ingredients boost milk supply in breastfeeding people is not established in the data we hold.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Stinging Nettle Fennel Fenugreek Blessed Thistle

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Nettle leaf extract is generally well tolerated when used as directed, though most common side effects are constipation and diarrhea. Raw plant contact causes itching and rash.

Rare cases of liver injury have been reported. Nettle is best avoided during pregnancy due to traditional concerns about effects on the uterus, and safety during breastfeeding has not been established.

Fennel seed extract is generally well tolerated; common side effects include gastrointestinal discomfort, photosensitivity, and allergic reactions. Rare seizures have been reported.

Avoid medicinal amounts during pregnancy; food amounts while breastfeeding are likely fine, but medicinal doses are not well studied. Fenugreek seed extract is generally well tolerated in food amounts; common side effects are abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, indigestion, gas, and nausea.

Rare severe allergic reactions (swelling of the throat, airway tightening, shock) can occur. Medicinal amounts should be avoided in pregnancy.

Blessed thistle is often well tolerated in small amounts, but human safety data are limited; doses above 5 grams per cup of tea may cause stomach irritation and vomiting. Blessed thistle is best avoided during pregnancy and should be discussed with your doctor before breastfeeding.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Stinging Nettle Fennel Fenugreek Blessed Thistle

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Blessed Thistle, Fennel, Stinging Nettle, Fenugreek.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 993 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check your medications against this product if you take blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (warfarin, clopidogrel), antidiabetes medications, contraceptive drugs, estrogen hormone therapy, theophylline, metoprolol, phenytoin, sildenafil, lithium, diuretics, ciprofloxacin, tamoxifen, or stomach acid–reducing drugs (H2-blockers, antacids, PPIs). These moderate and minor interactions could affect how your medications work.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

More Milk Plus is used traditionally to support milk supply in breastfeeding people, but evidence for that specific use is limited and safety during breastfeeding varies by ingredient. Before you start, check your exact medications with the tool on this page—especially if you take blood thinners, diabetes drugs, hormonal contraceptives, or heart and blood pressure medications.

Talk with your pharmacist or doctor first, particularly if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking any regular prescription medications.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jul 24, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about More Milk Plus, straight from the product label.

Brand Motherlove
Barcode (UPC) 759160530048
Net contents 4 Fluid Ounce(s); 118 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jul 24, 2025
DSLD ID 334844
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Kosher, Women (not pregnant or lactating), Organic, Adult Female (18 - 50 Years), Lactating
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for More Milk Plus by Motherlove, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 mL
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 mL
Servings per container
118
UPC/BARCODE
759160530048
IngredientAmount% DV
Proprietary Extract Blend970 mg--
Nettle leaf extract0 NP--
Fennel seed extract0 NP--
Fenugreek Seed Extract0 NP--
Blessed Thistle Herb Extract0 NP--

Other ingredients: Alcohol, Water, Deionized

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested use Take 1 dropper (1 mL), 4 to 6 times throughout the day or as recommended by your healthcare practitioner. Shake before using.

Formulation

Formulated to support breast milk supply and help increase freezer stash.

Breastfeeding

USDA Organic Certified organic by Oregon Tilth

Made in the USA with imported ingredients.

Precautions

Discuss product use with a healthcare practitioner. Discontinue use if side effects appear. Sealed for your protection.

Any ingested food has the potential for an allergic reaction.

Keep out of reach of children.

Not for use during pregnancy.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Formula

Fenugreek-based herbal blend for breastfeeding moms

KOF-K (Kosher) Parve K-1604

FDA Statement of Identity

Herbal Supplement

Seals/Symbols

USDA Organic

KOF-K (Kosher) Parve K-1604 Certified B Corporation

General Statements

Women Owned

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

More Milk Plus by Motherlove label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

More Milk Plus label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in More Milk Plus by Motherlove

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 mL Dosage formLiquid Servings per container118 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Extract Blend

970 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Alcohol, Water, Deionized. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

More Milk Plus by Motherlove Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against More Milk Plus?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
992Drugs
906 Moderate 86 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Fennel seed extract 740
Fenugreek Seed Extract 389
Nettle leaf extract 164
Blessed Thistle Herb Extract 36

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in More Milk Plus interact with 992 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 4 ingredients in More Milk Plus interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Fennel seed extract Fenugreek Seed Extract Nettle leaf extract Blessed Thistle Herb Extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in More Milk Plus with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Fennel seed extract6 drug types · 740 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.

Animal research suggests that fennel oil has antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

Theoretically, fennel might decrease the levels and clinical effects of ciprofloxacin.

Animal research shows that fennel reduces ciprofloxacin bioavailability by nearly 50%, possibly due to the metal cations such as calcium, iron, and magnesium contained in fennel. This study also found that fennel increased tissue distribution and slowed elimination of ciprofloxacin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might decrease the effects of contraceptive drugs due to competition for estrogen receptors.

Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.

In vitro research suggests that fennel inhibits CYP3A4 enzyme activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might interfere with hormone replacement therapy due to competition for estrogen receptors.

Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)

Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might decrease the antiestrogenic effect of tamoxifen.

Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity, which may interfere with the antiestrogenic activity of tamoxifen.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Fennel seed extract full monograph & interactions

Fenugreek Seed Extract9 drug types · 389 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Some of the constituents in fenugreek have antiplatelet effects in animal and in vitro research. However, common fenugreek products might not contain sufficient concentrations of these constituents for clinical effects. A clinical study in patients with coronary artery disease or diabetes shows that taking fenugreek seed powder 2.5 grams twice daily for 3 months does not affect platelet aggregation, fibrinolytic activity, or fibrinogen levels .

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, fenugreek seed might have additive hypoglycemic effects when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Clinical research shows that fenugreek seed can reduce fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial glucose levels in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Clopidogrel (Plavix)

Theoretically, fenugreek seed might alter the clinical effects of clopidogrel by inhibiting its conversion to the active form.
Animal research shows that fenugreek seed 200 mg/kg daily for 14 days increases the maximum serum concentration of clopidogrel by 21%. It is unclear how this affects the pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite of clopidogrel; however, this study found that concomitant use of fenugreek seed and clopidogrel prolonged bleeding time by an additional 11%.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Metoprolol (Toprol)

Theoretically, fenugreek seed might have additive hypotensive effects when used with metoprolol.
Animal research shows that fenugreek seed 300 mg/kg daily for 2 weeks decreases systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 9% and 11%, respectively, when administered alone, and by 15% and 22%, respectively, when given with metoprolol 10 mg/kg.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Theoretically, fenugreek might decrease plasma levels of phenytoin.
Animal research shows that taking fenugreek seeds for 1 week decreases maximum concentrations and the area under the curve of a single dose of phenytoin by 44% and 72%, respectively. This seems to be related to increased clearance. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sildenafil (Viagra)

Theoretically, concurrent use of sildenafil and fenugreek might reduce levels and therapeutic effects of sildenafil.
Animal research shows that taking fenugreek seeds for 1 week reduces maximum concentrations and the area under the curve of a single dose of sildenafil by 27% and 48%, respectively. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Theophylline

Theoretically, fenugreek may reduce the levels and clinical effects of theophylline.
Animal research shows that fenugreek 50 grams daily for 7 days reduces the maximum serum concentration (Cmax) of theophylline by 28% and the area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve (AUC) by 22%.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects with warfarin and increase the international normalized ratio (INR).
Some fenugreek constituents have antiplatelet effects, although these might not be present in concentrations that are clinically significant. In one case report, a patient taking warfarin experienced an increased INR when starting to take fenugreek in combination with boldo.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Fenugreek may also have an additive effect on blood pressure-lowering medications. Studies on animals have shown that fenugreek seed can decrease both systolic and diastolic blood pressure by up to 22% when combined with metoprolol. Therefore, it is essential to monitor your blood pressure regularly if you are taking fenugreek and metoprolol together or any other antihypertensive drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence C
Fenugreek Seed Extract full monograph & interactions

Nettle leaf extract4 drug types · 164 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, stinging nettle might have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs.
Clinical research shows that stinging nettle might decrease blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, combining stinging nettle with diuretic drugs may have additive effects.
Animal research suggests that the above ground parts and roots of stinging nettle may have a diuretic effect.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, stinging nettle might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Animal research suggests that stinging nettle has diuretic and natriuretic properties, which could alter the excretion of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

There is some concern that stinging nettle might decrease the effects of anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin.
Stinging nettle contains a significant amount of vitamin K. When taken in large quantities, this might interfere with the activity of warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Nettle leaf extract full monograph & interactions

Blessed Thistle Herb Extract3 drug types · 36 drugs

Antacids

Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of antacids.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
H2-Blockers

Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of H2-blockers.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Proton Pump Inhibitors (Ppis)

Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of PPIs.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Blessed Thistle Herb Extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for More Milk Plus, from the product label.

Motherlove

See all Motherlove products
Name
Motherlove Herbal Company
City
Fort Collins
State
CO
ZipCode
80524
Phone Number
970-493-2892
Web Address
motherlove.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

More Milk Plus by Motherlove: Common Questions

Does More Milk Plus by Motherlove interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, More Milk Plus has a known interaction with 992 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
More Milk Plus contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this while I'm breastfeeding?
Safety during breastfeeding varies by ingredient in this product. Nettle leaf and blessed thistle have not been well studied while breastfeeding—talk with your doctor before using them. Fennel is likely fine in food amounts, but medicinal doses are not well studied. Fenugreek is often used to boost milk supply, but evidence is limited. Discuss with your provider first.
Can I take this during pregnancy?
No. Nettle leaf, blessed thistle, and fenugreek should all be avoided during pregnancy. Nettle and blessed thistle have traditional concerns about effects on the uterus and lack safety data. Fenugreek supplement amounts may affect the uterus. Fennel should also be avoided due to limited safety data and hormone-like effects. Talk with your doctor if you're considering this product during pregnancy.
What are the most common side effects?
Most common side effects come from fenugreek and nettle: abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, indigestion, gas, and nausea. Fennel may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, photosensitivity, or allergic reactions. Blessed thistle at high doses can cause stomach irritation and vomiting. Allergic reactions are rare but can be severe across all ingredients.
Does nettle leaf really help with milk supply?
Nettle leaf extract is possibly effective for diabetes based on research, but the evidence that it boosts milk supply is not established in the data we hold. Many traditional practitioners use it for lactation support, but you should discuss whether it's right for you with your doctor or lactation consultant.
Is this product safe if I don't have any drug interactions?
Even without drug interactions, the product carries side effects and pregnancy/breastfeeding cautions you should know. If you're pregnant or breastfeeding, several ingredients are best avoided. Side effects like nausea, diarrhea, and gas are possible. Talk with your pharmacist or doctor about whether it's appropriate for your situation.
Will this affect my birth control?
Yes, possibly. Fennel seed extract in this product has estrogenic activity and may theoretically decrease the effects of contraceptive drugs. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking More Milk Plus if you're on hormonal birth control.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

More Milk Plus label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind More Milk Plus’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Stinging Nettle

Interacts with 164 drugs

Stinging nettle is a common plant used as food and in traditional medicine, most often for prostate symptoms, allergies, and joint pain. The evidence is mixed and mostly preliminary, so it i...

Read the full Stinging Nettle monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Fennel

Interacts with 740 drugs

Fennel is a Mediterranean herb widely used as a food and spice, and traditionally taken for digestive complaints, colic, and menstrual cramps. Some small studies suggest possible benefit for...

Read the full Fennel monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Fenugreek

Interacts with 389 drugs

Fenugreek is a common kitchen spice that is also taken as a supplement, mainly for blood sugar, cholesterol, and to support breast milk production. Some early research is encouraging for blo...

Read the full Fenugreek monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Blessed Thistle

Interacts with 36 drugs

Blessed thistle is a bitter herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease mild digestive complaints. High-quality human studies are lacking, so its benefits are not well proven. It...

Read the full Blessed Thistle monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

More Milk Plus's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 72 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Stinging Nettle 23 references
  1. Monographs on the medicinal uses of plant drugs. Exeter, UK: European Scientific Co-op Phytother, 1997.
  2. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  3. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  4. Schulz V, Hansel R, Tyler VE. Rational Phytotherapy: A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. Terry C. Telger, transl. 3rd ed. Berlin, GER: Springer, 1998.
  5. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  6. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  7. Mittman P. Randomized, double-blind study of freeze-dried Urtica dioica in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Planta Med 1990;56:44-7.
  8. Vontobel HP, Herzog R, Rutishauser G, Kres H. [Results of a double-blind study on the effectiveness of ERU (extractum radicis Urticae) capsules in conservative treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia]. (Abstract). Urologe A 1985;24:49-51.
  9. Randall C, Randall H, Dobbs F, et al. Randomized controlled trial of nettle sting for treatment of base-of-thumb pain. J R Soc Med 2000;93:305-9. PubMed
  10. Caliskaner Z, Karaayvaz M, Ozturk S. Misuse of a herb: stinging nettle (Urtica urens) induced severe tongue oedema. Complement Ther Med 2004;12:57-8. PubMed
  11. Krzeski, T., Kazon, M., Borkowski, A., Witeska, A., and Kuczera, J. Combined extracts of Urtica dioica and Pygeum africanum in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: double-blind comparison of two doses. Clin Ther 1993;15(6):1011-1020.
  12. Randall, C., Meethan, K., Randall, H., and Dobbs, F. Nettle sting of Urtica dioica for joint pain--an exploratory study of this complementary therapy. Complement Ther Med 1999;7(3):126-131. PubMed
  13. Tahri, A., Yamani, S., Legssyer, A., Aziz, M., Mekhfi, H., Bnouham, M., and Ziyyat, A. Acute diuretic, natriuretic and hypotensive effects of a continuous perfusion of aqueous extract of Urtica dioica in the rat. J Ethnopharmacol 2000;73(1-2):95-100. PubMed
  14. Sahin, M., Yilmaz, H., Gursoy, A., Demirel, A. N., Tutuncu, N. B., and Guvener, N. D. Gynaecomastia in a man and hyperoestrogenism in a woman due to ingestion of nettle (Urtica dioica). N.Z.Med.J. 2007;120(1265):U2803.
  15. Randall, C., Dickens, A., White, A., Sanders, H., Fox, M., and Campbell, J. Nettle sting for chronic knee pain: a randomised controlled pilot study. Complement Ther.Med. 2008;16(2):66-72. PubMed
  16. Rayburn, K., Fleischbein, E., Song, J., Allen, B., Kundert, M., Leiter, C., and Bush, T. Stinging nettle cream for osteoarthritis. Altern.Ther.Health Med. 2009;15(4):60-61.
  17. Oliver, F., Amon, E. U., Breathnach, A., Francis, D. M., Sarathchandra, P., Black, A. K., and Greaves, M. W. Contact urticaria due to the common stinging nettle (Urtica dioica)-- histological, ultrastructural and pharmacological studies. Clin Exp Dermato PubMed
  18. Kulze, A. and Greaves, M. Contact urticaria caused by stinging nettles. Br.J Dermatol. 1988;119(2):269-270. PubMed
  19. Patten G. Medicinal plant review: Urtica. Aust J Med Herbalism 1993;5(1):5-13.
  20. Maor D, Little M. Skin contact with a stinging tree requiring intensive care unit admission. Contact Dermatitis. 2017 Nov;77(5):335-37. PubMed
  21. Easton L, Vaid S, Nagel AK, Venci JV, Fortuna RJ. Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica): An Unusual Case of Galactorrhea. Am J Case Rep 2021;22:e933999. PubMed
  22. Niazi B, Ahmed K, Ahmed M, Ali S, Song K, Elias S. Drug-Induced Liver Injury from Herbal Liver Detoxification Tea. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2022;16(3):612-617. PubMed
  23. Nnamani I, Tolu-Akinnawo O, Dufera RR, Akintunde A, Maliakkal B. Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi/Giloy)-Induced Liver Injury: A Case Review. Cureus 2023;15(5):e39793. PubMed

See these in context on the Stinging Nettle monograph →

Fennel 17 references
  1. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  2. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  3. Zhu M, Wong PY, Li RC. Effect of oral administration of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on ciprofloxacin absorption and disposition in the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 1999;51:1391-6.
  4. Gral N, Beani JC, Bonnot D, et al. [Plasma levels of psoralens after celery ingestion]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1993;120:599-603.
  5. Burkhard PR, Burkhardt K, Haenggeli CA, Landis T. Plant-induced seizures: reappearance of an old problem. J Neurol 1999;246:667-70. PubMed
  6. Rosti L, Nardini A, Bettinelli ME, Rosti D. Toxic effects of a herbal tea mixture in two newborns. Acta Paediatrica 1994;83:683. PubMed
  7. Cuzzolin L, Zaffani S, and Benoni G. Safety implications regarding use of phytomedicines. Eur.J Clin Pharmacol. 2006;62:37-42. PubMed
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Blessed Thistle 2 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  2. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.

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Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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