Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 2 of 3 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Osteo Bi-Flex

Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 label
See full label image
Tablet Or Pill Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 is a dietary supplement by Osteo Bi-Flex with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for bone health and osteoporosis, correcting vitamin d deficiency, immune system support.Based on those ingredients, 840 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Vitamin D, Glucosamine HCl. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 by Osteo Bi-Flex

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 by Osteo Bi-Flex — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 by Osteo Bi-Flex

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 3 of its 3 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 contains three active ingredients. Vitamin D supports calcium absorption and bone health, and is used to treat conditions like rickets and low bone mineral density (osteomalacia).

Glucosamine is meant to support joint cartilage and is commonly taken for osteoarthritis. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is included for joint support, though we hold no interaction data for it.

The product also contains inactive ingredients — cellulose and silica — which are fillers and binders.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Joint health and bone support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Back pain, Exercise-induced muscle damage, Fall prevention, Fractures, Frailty, Joint pain — and 4 related terms.
  • The closest evidence on file: Vitamin D is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Fractures (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Glucosamine is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Back pain, Joint pain, Knee pain.
  • Also on file: Vitamin D is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Back pain, Muscle strength, Fall prevention.

Vitamin D in this product is effective for treating rickets, osteomalacia (soft bones), renal bone disease, and familial hypophosphatemia (a genetic disorder affecting phosphate levels). Glucosamine is likely effective for osteoarthritis, but evidence is insufficient to rate it for aging skin, back pain, cancer, or liver disease.

We have no effectiveness data on file for methylsulfonylmethane.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin D Glucosamine

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Vitamin D is generally well tolerated at recommended doses, but very high doses over time can cause toxicity with symptoms of high blood calcium (hypercalcemia), weak bones, and vision problems. It's often used during pregnancy at recommended amounts, but only under your doctor's guidance; the same caution applies if you're considering higher doses.

Glucosamine is generally well tolerated by most adults, though a small number of trial participants reported bloating, constipation, cramping, diarrhea, heartburn, or nausea. Rarely, allergic reactions have been reported, and a few cases of asthma flare-ups with glucosamine-chondroitin products exist in the literature.

The safety data advises against glucosamine during pregnancy and while breastfeeding unless your doctor specifically advises otherwise. We have no pregnancy or breastfeeding safety data on file for vitamin D or methylsulfonylmethane in this product.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin D Glucosamine

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Glucosamine, Vitamin D.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; heart-rhythm medications.
  • For scale: 841 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take this product, double-check with your pharmacist if you're on warfarin or other blood thinners (Major risk of increased bleeding), heart rhythm medications like digoxin, verapamil, or diltiazem (Moderate risk that vitamin D reduces their effectiveness), cholesterol-lowering drugs like atorvastatin (Moderate risk of reduced absorption), thiazide water pills (Moderate risk of high blood calcium), or calcipotriene for psoriasis (Moderate risk of high blood calcium). Minor concerns exist with diabetes medications and acetaminophen, though the diabetes interaction appears unlikely in practice.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product is appropriate for people seeking joint support or vitamin D supplementation who aren't on blood thinners, heart rhythm medications, certain cholesterol drugs, or water pills. If you take warfarin, digoxin, verapamil, diltiazem, atorvastatin, thiazide diuretics, or calcipotriene, talk with your pharmacist before starting — the interactions could affect how well those drugs work or raise your bleeding risk.

Anyone pregnant or breastfeeding should check with their doctor or pharmacist first.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 2 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 25, 2017.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3, straight from the product label.

Brand Osteo Bi-Flex
Barcode (UPC) 030768315870
Net contents 200 Coated Tablet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Apr 25, 2017
DSLD ID 72940
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Tablet Or Pill
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 by Osteo Bi-Flex, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Tablet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Tablet(s)
Servings per container
100
UPC/BARCODE
030768315870
IngredientAmount% DV
Vitamin D1000 IU250%
Glucosamine HCl1500 mg--
Methylsulfonylmethane1500 mg--

Other ingredients: Cellulose, Silica, Contains <2% of:

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula

MSM with D3

Glucosamine HCl 1500 mg MSM 1500 mg Viamin D3 1000 IU

Contains shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, crayfish) ingredients.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

2 per day

Directions For Adult Use: Take two (2) tablets per day with food.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Precautions

As a reminder, discuss the supplements and medications you take with your health care providers.

Contains shellfish (shrimp, crab, lobster, crayfish) ingredients.

Keep out of reach of children.

Tamper Resistant: Do not use if seal under cap is broken or missing.

Caution: If you are pregnant, nursing, taking any medications, including blood thinners, or have any medical condition, consult your doctor before use.

Discontinue use and consult your doctor if any adverse reactions occur.

Formulation

Free of gluten

General Statements

Joints help your body walk, run, bend, climb, jump - and anything else you want to do.

Individual results may vary.

Brand IP Statement(s)

That’s why Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 was designed to supply optimal nutrients for healthy joints, connective tissue, and strong bones. Glucosamine is a major building block of joint cartilage and helps to maintain the structural integrity of joints and connective tissues. MSM is vital in the support of collagen, connective tissue, and healthy joint cartilage. Vitamin D3 assists in the absorption of Calcium and supports bone density. Osteo Bi-Flex helps strengthen you joints and helps maintain flexibility and agility, so you ‘re always ready for action.

Osteo Bi-Flex is manufactured under the highest standards for product quality, purity and potency.

Storage

Store at room temperature and avoid excessive heat.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

General

31501 00A B31587 MAC

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 by Osteo Bi-Flex label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 by Osteo Bi-Flex

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container100 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Vitamin D

Interacts with
715 drugs
1000 IU per serving Form: Cholecalciferol, Vitamin D3

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps your body absorb calcium and is important for healthy bones, muscles, and immune function. Many people,...

Vitamin D monograph & interactions

Glucosamine HCl

Interacts with
170 drugs
1500 mg per serving

Glucosamine is a natural compound found in cartilage and joint fluid, and it is one of the most popular supplements for osteoarthritis, especially of...

Glucosamine HCl monograph & interactions

Methylsulfonylmethane

1500 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Silica, Contains <2% of:. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 by Osteo Bi-Flex Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
840Drugs
2 Major 93 Moderate 745 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Vitamin D 715
Glucosamine HCl 170

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 interact with 840 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 3 ingredients in Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Vitamin D Glucosamine HCl

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Vitamin D8 drug types · 715 drugs

Aluminum

Vitamin D might increase aluminum absorption and toxicity, but this has only been reported in people with renal failure.
The protein that transports calcium across the intestinal wall can also bind and transport aluminum. This protein is stimulated by vitamin D, which may therefore increase aluminum absorption. This mechanism may contribute to increased aluminum levels and toxicity in people with renal failure, when they take vitamin D and aluminum-containing phosphate binders chronically.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)

Vitamin D might reduce absorption of atorvastatin.
A small, low-quality clinical study shows that taking vitamin D reduces levels of atorvastatin and its active metabolites by up to 55%. However, while atorvastatin levels decreased, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels did not substantially change. Atorvastatin is metabolized in the gut by CYP3A4 enzymes, and researchers theorized that vitamin D might induce CYP3A4, causing reduced levels of atorvastatin. However, this proposed mechanism was not specifically studied.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Calcipotriene (Dovonex)

Taking calcipotriene with vitamin D increases the risk for hypercalcemia.
Calcipotriene is a vitamin D analog used topically for psoriasis. It can be absorbed in sufficient amounts to cause systemic effects, including hypercalcemia. Theoretically, combining calcipotriene with vitamin D supplements might increase the risk of hypercalcemia.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Theoretically, hypercalcemia induced by high-dose vitamin D can increase the risk of arrhythmia from digoxin.
High doses of vitamin D can cause hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia increases the risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias with digoxin. Avoid vitamin D doses above the tolerable upper intake level (4000 IU daily for adults) and monitor serum calcium levels in people taking vitamin D and digoxin concurrently.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Others)

Theoretically, hypercalcemia induced by high-dose vitamin D can reduce the therapeutic effects of diltiazem for arrhythmia.
High doses of vitamin D can cause hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia can reduce the effectiveness of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Theoretically this could also occur with diltiazem. Avoid vitamin D doses above the tolerable upper intake level (4000 IU daily for adults) and monitor serum calcium levels in people taking vitamin D and diltiazem concurrently.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Thiazide Diuretics

Theoretically, taking thiazide diuretics and high-dose vitamin D can increase the risk of hypercalcemia.
Thiazide diuretics decrease urinary calcium excretion, which could lead to hypercalcemia if vitamin D supplements are taken concurrently. This has been reported in people being treated with vitamin D for hypoparathyroidism, and also in elderly people with normal parathyroid function who were taking a thiazide, vitamin D, and calcium-containing antacids daily.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Verapamil (Calan, Others)

Hypercalcemia induced by high-dose vitamin D can reduce the therapeutic effects of verapamil for arrhythmia.
Hypercalcemia due to high doses of vitamin D can reduce the effectiveness of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Avoid vitamin D doses above the tolerable upper intake level (4000 IU daily for adults) and monitor serum calcium levels in people taking vitamin D and verapamil concurrently.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Vitamin D might induce CYP3A4 enzymes and reduce the bioavailability of CYP3A4 substrates.
There is some concern that vitamin D might induce CYP3A4. In vitro research suggests that vitamin D induces CYP3A4 transcription. Additionally, observational research has found that increased UV light exposure and serum vitamin D levels are associated with decreased serum levels of CYP3A4 substrates such as tacrolimus and sirolimus, while no association between UV light exposure or vitamin D levels and levels of mycophenolic acid, a non-CYP3A4 substrate, was found. A small, low-quality clinical study shows that taking vitamin D reduces levels of the CYP3A4 substrate atorvastatin and its active metabolites by up to 55%; however, the clinical effects of atorvastatin were not reduced. While researchers theorized that vitamin D might induce CYP3A4, this proposed mechanism was not specifically studied.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Vitamin D full monograph & interactions

Glucosamine HCl4 drug types · 170 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Glucosamine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin and increase the risk of bruising and bleeding.
In two individual case reports, glucosamine/chondroitin combinations were associated with a significant increase in international normalized ratio (INR) in patients previously stabilized on warfarin. In one case, the increase in INR occurred only after tripling the dose of a glucosamine/chondroitin supplement from 500 mg/400 mg daily to 1500/1200 mg daily. Additionally, 20 voluntary case reports to the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) have linked glucosamine plus chondroitin with increased INR, bruising, and bleeding in patients who were also taking warfarin. There have also been 20 additional case reports to the World Health Organization (WHO) that link glucosamine alone to increased INR in patients taking warfarin. The mechanism of this interaction is unclear. Glucosamine is a small component of heparin, but is not thought to have anticoagulant activity; however, animal research suggests that it might have antiplatelet activity.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Topoisomerase Ii Inhibitors

Theoretically glucosamine may induce resistance to topoisomerase II inhibitors.
In vitro research suggests that glucosamine might induce resistance to etoposide (VP16, VePesid) and doxorubicin (Adriamycin) by reducing inhibition of topoisomerase II, an enzyme required for DNA replication in tumor cells. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Acetaminophen (Tylenol, Others)

Acetaminophen might interfere with the activity of glucosamine sulfate by interacting with the sulfate portion.
Anecdotal reports suggest that adding glucosamine to an acetaminophen regimen might decrease pain control in patients with osteoarthritis. Some research suggests that the sulfate portion of glucosamine sulfate might contribute to its effect in osteoarthritis. Since acetaminophen metabolism requires sulfur and reduces serum sulfate concentrations, acetaminophen could theoretically interfere with the action of glucosamine sulfate. Conversely, the administration of sulfate could theoretically decrease the effectiveness of acetaminophen in sulfate-deficient people by increasing its clearance.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antidiabetes Drugs

Despite initial concerns, it is unlikely that glucosamine will interfere with the effects of antidiabetes drugs.
In vitro and animal research has suggested that glucosamine might increase insulin resistance or decrease insulin production. This has raised concerns that taking glucosamine might worsen diabetes and decrease the effectiveness of diabetes drugs. However, clinical research suggests that glucosamine does not have adverse effects on blood glucose or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) in healthy, obese, or type 2 diabetes patients.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Glucosamine HCl full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3, from the product label.

Osteo Bi-Flex

See all Osteo Bi-Flex products
Name
Rexall Sundown, Inc.
City
Boca Raton
State
FL
ZipCode
33487
Phone Number
1-888-848-2435
Web Address
www.osteobiflex.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 by Osteo Bi-Flex: Common Questions

Does Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 by Osteo Bi-Flex interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 has a known interaction with 840 medications, including 2 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Does this product have vitamin D in it, and what's it for?
Yes — this product contains vitamin D, which helps your body absorb calcium and supports bone health. It's particularly effective for treating rickets, soft bones (osteomalacia), kidney bone disease, and familial hypophosphatemia.
Is glucosamine in here, and does it actually work?
Yes, glucosamine is one of the three active ingredients. It's likely effective for osteoarthritis, but the evidence isn't strong enough yet to say whether it helps back pain, aging skin, or other conditions.
What are the common side effects of glucosamine?
Most people tolerate it well, but a small number of trial participants reported bloating, constipation, cramping, diarrhea, heartburn, or nausea. Rarely, allergic reactions or asthma flare-ups have been reported.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
The data advises against glucosamine during pregnancy and while breastfeeding unless your doctor says otherwise. For vitamin D, there isn't enough safety information on file — talk with your doctor or pharmacist about what's right for you.
Is there a limit to how much vitamin D I can safely take from this product?
Vitamin D is generally safe at recommended doses, but very high doses over time can cause toxicity with symptoms like high blood calcium, weak bones, and vision problems. Stay within the tolerable upper limit of 4,000 IU daily for adults unless your doctor directs otherwise.
What is MSM in the name, and can you check its interactions?
MSM is methylsulfonylmethane, added for joint support. We don't hold interaction data for it, so we can't check whether it interacts with your medications — bring the product to your pharmacist for a complete safety check.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3 label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin D

Interacts with 715 drugs

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps your body absorb calcium and is important for healthy bones, muscles, and immune function. Many people, especially those with low sun exposure,...

Read the full Vitamin D monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Glucosamine

Interacts with 170 drugs

Glucosamine is a natural compound found in cartilage and joint fluid, and it is one of the most popular supplements for osteoarthritis, especially of the knee. The evidence is mixed, with so...

Read the full Glucosamine monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Osteo Bi-Flex Triple Strength MSM with D3's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 84 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Vitamin D 26 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Tatro DS, ed. Drug Interactions Facts. Facts and Comparisons Inc., St. Louis, MO. 1999.
  3. Koutkia P, Chen TC, Holick MF. Vitamin D intoxication associated with an over-the-counter supplement. N Engl J Med 2001;345:66-7. PubMed
  4. Bar-Or D, Yoel G. Calcium and calciferol antagonize effect of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Br Med J 1981;282:1585-6.
  5. Demontis R, Leflon A, Fournier A, et al. 1 alpha(OH) vitamin D3 increases plasma aluminum in hemodialyzed patients taking AI(OH)3. Clin Nephrol 1986;26:146-9.
  6. Crowe M, Wollner L, Griffiths RA. Hypercalcemia following vitamin D and thiazide therapy in the elderly. Practitioner 1984;228:312-3.
  7. Parfitt AM. Thiazide-induced hypercalcemia in vitamin D-treated hypoparathyroidism. Ann Intern Med 1972;77:557-63. PubMed
  8. Thiazide diuretics and the risk of osteoporosis. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2003;19(11):191105.
  9. Moon J. The role of vitamin D in toxic metal absorption. J Am Coll Nutr 1994;13:559-64.
  10. Demontis R, Reissi D, Noel C, et al. Indirect clinical evidence that 1alphaOH vitamin D<SUB>3</SUB> increases the intestinal absorption of aluminum. Clin Nephrol 1989;31:123-7.
  11. Adler AJ, Berlyne GM. Duodenal aluminum absorption in the rat: effect of vitamin D. Am J Physiol 1985;249:G209-13. PubMed
  12. Schwartz JB. Effects of vitamin D supplementation in atorvastatin-treated patients: A new drug interaction with an unexpected consequence. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2009;85:198-203. PubMed
  13. Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. Institute of Medicine, November 30, 2010. Available at: http://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2010/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Calcium-and-Vitamin-D/Vitamin%20D%20and%20Calcium%202010%20Repo
  14. Cox KA, Dunn MA. Aluminum toxicity alters the regulation of calbindin-D28k protein and mRNA expression in chick intestine. J Nutr 2001;131:2007-13. PubMed
  15. Escribano, J., Balaguer, A., Pagone, F., Feliu, A., and Roque, I. Figuls. Pharmacological interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2009;(1):CD004754. PubMed
  16. Carlton, S., Clopton, D., and Cappuzzo, K. A. Vitamin D deficiency: appropriate replenishment therapies and the effects of vitamin D toxicity. Consult Pharm 2010;25(3):171-177. PubMed
  17. Wang, H., Xia, N., Yang, Y., and Peng, D. Q. Influence of vitamin D supplementation on plasma lipid profiles: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Lipids Health Dis. 2012;11:42. PubMed
  18. Turner AN, Carr Reese P, Fields KS, Anderson J, Ervin M, Davis JA, Fichorova RN, Roberts MW, Klebanoff MA, Jackson RD. A blinded, randomized controlled trial of high-dose vitamin D supplementation to reduce recurrence of bacterial vaginosis. Am J Obstet G PubMed
  19. Weiner M, Epstein FH. Signs and symptoms of electrolyte disorders. Yale J Biol Med. 1970;43(2):76-109.
  20. Lappe J, Watson P, Travers-Gustafson D, Recker R, Garland C, Gorham E, Baggerly K, McDonnell SL. Effect of Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation on Cancer Incidence in Older Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017 Mar 28;317(12):1234-1243. PubMed
  21. Roth DE, Leung M, Mesfin E, Qamar H, Watterworth J, Papp E. Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy: state of the evidence from a systematic review of randomised trials. BMJ. 2017;359:j5237. PubMed
  22. Murai IH, Fernandes AL, Sales LP, et al. Effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on hospital length of stay in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2021.
  23. Wang Z, Schuetz EG, Xu Y, Thummel KE. Interplay between vitamin D and the drug metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013;136:54-8. PubMed
  24. Doyle D, Browne U, Brickley A, Murphy D. Vitamin D-induced hypercalcaemia and acute kidney injury in sarcoidosis. BMJ Case Rep 2023;16(1):e250580. PubMed
  25. Williamson A, Martineau AR, Sheikh A, Jolliffe D, Griffiths CJ. Vitamin D for the management of asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023;2(2):CD011511. PubMed
  26. Kinesya E, Santoso D, Gde Arya N, et al. Vitamin D as adjuvant therapy for diabetic foot ulcers: Systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023;54:137-143. PubMed

See these in context on the Vitamin D monograph →

Glucosamine 58 references
  1. Adams ME. Hype about glucosamine. Lancet 1999;354:353-4. PubMed
  2. Balkan B, Dunning BE. Glucosamine inhibits glucokinase in vitro and produces a glucose-specific impairment of in vivo insulin secretion in rats. Diabetes 1994;43:1173-9. PubMed
  3. Giaccari A, Morviducci L, Zorretta D, et al. In vivo effects of glucosamine on insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in the rat: possible relevance to the maladaptive responses to chronic hyperglycaemia. Diabetologia 1995;38:518-24. PubMed
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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