Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) is a dietary supplement by BulkSupplements.com with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for circulation and vein health, antioxidant support, skin health and aging.Based on those ingredients, 327 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Pine Bark Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) by BulkSupplements.com
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) by BulkSupplements.com — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) by BulkSupplements.com
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This product contains one active ingredient: pine bark extract at 215 mg per capsule. Pine bark extract is derived from the bark of maritime pine trees and contains compounds studied for their effects on blood vessels, circulation, and inflammation.
The capsule itself is made from bovine gelatin.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
Pine bark extract is possibly effective for osteoarthritis and chronic venous insufficiency (a condition where veins in your legs struggle to return blood to your heart). It's also possibly effective for asthma.
For high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), the evidence suggests it's possibly ineffective. Keep in mind that 'possibly effective' means there's some promising research, but more evidence is needed to be certain.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Pine bark extract is generally well tolerated in studies, though long-term safety hasn't been fully established. The most common side effects are gastrointestinal complaints, dizziness, and vertigo.
Headache has been reported in one trial. Rare cases of chest pain and heart failure complications have been reported in people taking a branded extract (Pycnogenol), though it's unclear whether the supplement caused these or if the patients' existing heart conditions were the factor.
During pregnancy, there isn't enough safety data, so it's best avoided. The same applies to breastfeeding — talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether it's right for you in either situation.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Check your exact medications against these types before starting: blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs (risk of bleeding), antidiabetes medications (risk of low blood sugar), and immunosuppressants (may reduce their effectiveness). All three carry Moderate severity in our data.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Pine bark extract may help with osteoarthritis, poor leg circulation, or asthma symptoms if the research holds up in your case. But if you take blood thinners, diabetes drugs, or immunosuppressants, you need to check with your pharmacist first.
Pregnant or breastfeeding? Skip it until you've talked to your doctor.
Run your medications through the tool on this page before you start.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated May 23, 2024.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Pine Bark Extract (215 mg), straight from the product label.
| Brand | BulkSupplements.com |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | X000TE7JIV |
| Net contents | 300 Gelatin Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | May 23, 2024 |
| DSLD ID | 311470 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) by BulkSupplements.com, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Brand IP Statement(s)
Bulksupplements.com Clean & pure bulk supplements
Formulation
Free of: added sugar, soy, dairy, gluten, additives
Color may vary
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested use: As a dietary supplement, take 1 capsule daily, or as directed by a physician.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place
FDA Disclaimer Statement
Warning: This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Precautions
Always consult a physician before taking any dietary supplement.
Keep out of reach of children.
General Statements
New
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) by BulkSupplements.com label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) by BulkSupplements.com
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container300 Amounts shown are per serving.
Pine Bark Extract
Interacts with327 drugs
Maritime pine bark extract (often sold as Pycnogenol) is a plant-based antioxidant most studied for circulation, vein, and skin health. Some research...
Pine Bark Extract monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Bovine Gelatin. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) by BulkSupplements.com Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Pine Bark Extract by BulkSupplements.com can interact with several medication types.
The most serious concern is with blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs (like aspirin or warfarin). Pine bark extract may thin your blood further, raising the risk of bleeding.
Clinical evidence shows it slows platelet clumping, though we don't yet know how much that matters in real-world use.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
It may also affect blood sugar control if you're on diabetes medications. One clinical study found it can lower blood glucose, so if you take antidiabetes drugs, you'll want to watch your levels closely and talk to your doctor about whether a dose adjustment makes sense.
Additionally, pine bark extract could theoretically reduce how well immunosuppressant medications work, since animal and lab research suggests it may boost immune activity — though this hasn't been studied in people yet.
Altogether, these interactions span 322 individual medications. Use the medication checker on this page to look up your exact drugs before you start.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Pine Bark Extract (215 mg)?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) interact with 327 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Pine Bark Extract
EculizumabSoliris
How Eculizumab interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Eculizumab interactionEdoxabanSavaysa
How Edoxaban interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Edoxaban interactionEfalizumabRaptiva
How Efalizumab interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Efalizumab interactionEffientPrasugrel
How Effient interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Effient interactionEfgartigimod Alfa-fcabVyvgart
How Efgartigimod Alfa-fcab interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Efgartigimod Alfa-fcab interactionElranatamabElrexfio
How Elranatamab interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Elranatamab interactionEmapalumab-lzsgGamifant
How Emapalumab-lzsg interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Emapalumab-lzsg interactionEmpagliflozinJardiance
How Empagliflozin interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Empagliflozin interactionEmpagliflozin, Linagliptin, Metformin HydrochlorideTrijardy XR
How Empagliflozin, Linagliptin, Metformin Hydrochloride interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Empagliflozin, Linagliptin, Metformin Hydrochloride interactionEmpagliflozin, MetforminSynjardy
How Empagliflozin, Metformin interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Empagliflozin, Metformin interactionEmpagliflozin, Metformin HydrochlorideSynjardy XR
How Empagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Empagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interactionEnoxaparinLovenox
How Enoxaparin interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Enoxaparin interactionEpcoritamab-byspEpkinly
How Epcoritamab-bysp interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Epcoritamab-bysp interactionEptifibatideIntegrilin
How Eptifibatide interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Eptifibatide interactionErtugliflozinSteglatro
How Ertugliflozin interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Ertugliflozin interactionErtugliflozin, Metformin HydrochlorideSegluromet
How Ertugliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Ertugliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interactionEsomeprazole, NaproxenVimovo
How Esomeprazole, Naproxen interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Esomeprazole, Naproxen interactionEtanercept-szzsErelzi
How Etanercept-szzs interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Etanercept-szzs interactionEtanercept-ykroEticovo
How Etanercept-ykro interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Etanercept-ykro interactionEtrasimodVelsipity
How Etrasimod interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Etrasimod interactionExenatideBydureon, Byetta
How Exenatide interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Exenatide interactionExenatide SyntheticBydureon BCISE
How Exenatide Synthetic interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Exenatide Synthetic interactionFamotidine, IbuprofenDuexis
How Famotidine, Ibuprofen interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Famotidine, Ibuprofen interactionFingolimodGilenya, Tascenso ODT
How Fingolimod interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Fingolimod interactionFish Oil TriglyceridesOmegaven
How Fish Oil Triglycerides interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Fish Oil Triglycerides interactionFludrocortisoneFlorinef Acetate
How Fludrocortisone interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Fludrocortisone interactionFluorouracil (iv)Fluorouracil
How Fluorouracil (iv) interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Fluorouracil (iv) interactionFlupenthixolFluanxol
How Flupenthixol interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Flupenthixol interactionFondaparinuxArixtra
How Fondaparinux interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Fondaparinux interactionFostamatinibTavalisse
How Fostamatinib interacts with Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Fostamatinib interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Pine Bark Extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Clinical research suggests that maritime pine bark extract inhibits platelet aggregation. However, the clinical significance of this effect is unclear.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
One clinical study shows that maritime pine bark extract decreases blood sugar in patients with diabetes being treated with antidiabetes agents. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
In vitro and animal research suggests that maritime pine bark extract has immunostimulant activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Pine Bark Extract (215 mg), from the product label.
BulkSupplements.com
See all BulkSupplements.com products- Name
- BulkSupplements.com
- Street Address
- 7511 Eastgate Rd
- City
- Henderson
- State
- NV
- ZipCode
- 89011
- Web Address
- BulkSupplements.com
Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) by BulkSupplements.com: Common Questions
Does Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) by BulkSupplements.com interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
What does pine bark extract actually do?
What are the most common side effects?
Is it safe to take while pregnant?
Is it safe while breastfeeding?
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Pine Bark Extract (215 mg) is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Pine Bark Extract (215 mg)’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Pine Bark Extract (215 mg)'s label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 14 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Maritime Pine 14 references
- Rice-Evans CA, Packer L, eds. Flavonoids in Health and Disease. Manhattan, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998.
- Liu FJ, Zhang YX, Lau BH. Pycnogenol enhances immune and haemopoietic functions in senescence-accelerated mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 1998;54:1168-72. PubMed
- Putter M, Grotemeyer KH, Wurthwein G, et al. Inhibition of smoking-induced platelet aggregation by aspirin and pycnogenol. Thromb Res 1999;95:155-61. PubMed
- Kohama T, Inoue M. Pycnogenol alleviates pain associated with pregnancy. Phytother Res 2006;20:232-4.
- Liu X, Zhou HJ, Rohdewald P. French maritime pine bark extract pycnogenol dose-dependently lowers glucose in type 2 diabetic patients (letter). Diabetes Care 2004;27:839. PubMed
- Liu X, Wei J, Tan F, et al. Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci 2004;75:2505-13. PubMed
- Wilson D, Evans M, Guthrie N et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study to evaluate the potential of pycnogenol for improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Phytother Res 2010;24:1115-9.
- Araghi-Niknam, M., Hosseini, S., Larson, D., Rohdewald, P., and Watson, R. R. Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation. Integr.Med. 3-21-2000;2(2):73-77. PubMed
- Trebaticka, J., Kopasova, S., Hradecna, Z., Cinovsky, K., Skodacek, I., Suba, J., Muchova, J., Zitnanova, I., Waczulikova, I., Rohdewald, P., and Durackova, Z. Treatment of ADHD with French maritime pine bark extract, Pycnogenol. Eur.Child Adolesc.Psychi PubMed
- Suzuki, N., Uebaba, K., Kohama, T., Moniwa, N., Kanayama, N., and Koike, K. French maritime pine bark extract significantly lowers the requirement for analgesic medication in dysmenorrhea: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
- Cisar, P., Jany, R., Waczulikova, I., Sumegova, K., Muchova, J., Vojtassak, J., Durackova, Z., Lisy, M., and Rohdewald, P. Effect of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Phytother.Res. 2008;22(8):1087-1092.
- Enseleit, F., Sudano, I., Periat, D., Winnik, S., Wolfrum, M., Flammer, A. J., Frohlich, G. M., Kaiser, P., Hirt, A., Haile, S. R., Krasniqi, N., Matter, C. M., Uhlenhut, K., Hogger, P., Neidhart, M., Luscher, T. F., Ruschitzka, F., and Noll, G. Effects
- Schoonees, A., Visser, J., Musekiwa, A., and Volmink, J. Pycnogenol(R) (extract of French maritime pine bark) for the treatment of chronic disorders. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;4:CD008294.
- Wang S, Tan D Zhao Y et al. The effect of pycnogenol on the microcirculation, platelet function and ischemic myocardium in patients with coronary artery diseases. Eur Bull Drug Res 1999;7:19-25.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC