Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg is a dietary supplement by BulkSupplements.com with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for circulation and vein health, antioxidant support, skin health and aging.Based on those ingredients, 327 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Pine Bark Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg by BulkSupplements.com
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg by BulkSupplements.com — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg by BulkSupplements.com
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This product contains one active ingredient: Pine Bark Extract at 6000 mg per serving. The extract comes from maritime pine and is delivered in vegetable capsules with hypromellose as an inactive ingredient (a capsule material).
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
Pine bark extract is rated possibly effective for osteoarthritis and chronic venous insufficiency (CVI — poor circulation in the veins of the legs). It's also possibly effective for asthma.
For high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), the evidence we hold rates it as possibly ineffective. The research supporting these ratings comes from clinical trials, though more study would help clarify what it can and can't do.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Pine bark extract is generally well tolerated in studies, though long-term safety hasn't been fully established. The most common side effects are stomach upset, dizziness, and vertigo; headache has been reported in a single trial.
One case of chest pain and one case of acute heart failure worsening were reported in patients taking a standardized extract, but both patients had pre-existing heart conditions and it's unclear whether the extract was directly responsible. The safety data advises against use during pregnancy and while breastfeeding due to insufficient evidence.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before you take this, check your medications against blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs (Moderate severity) — pine bark extract may raise your bleeding risk. Also verify any diabetes or blood sugar medications (Moderate severity), and let us know if you take immunosuppressants (Moderate severity).
Use the interaction checker on this page with your exact medications.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Consider pine bark extract if you're looking to manage osteoarthritis, leg circulation problems, or asthma and you don't take blood thinners or diabetes medications. If you're on any prescription drugs — especially antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications, diabetes treatment, or immunosuppressants — check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting it.
Talk to us or your healthcare provider about whether it's right for your situation.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 24, 2025.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg, straight from the product label.
| Brand | BulkSupplements.com |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | X003Z2PGW3 |
| Net contents | 240 Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Apr 24, 2025 |
| DSLD ID | 330064 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg by BulkSupplements.com, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation
Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg equivalent
Free of: Added sugar, soy, dairy, yeast, gluten, additives
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested use: As a dietary supplement, take 1 capsule once daily, or as directed by a physician.
Storage
Store in a dry, cool place
General Statements
Scan me New
FDA Disclaimer Statement
Warning: This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Precautions
Always consult a physician before taking any dietary supplement.
Keep out of reach of children.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg by BulkSupplements.com label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg by BulkSupplements.com
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container240 Amounts shown are per serving.
Pine Bark Extract
Interacts with327 drugs
Maritime pine bark extract (often sold as Pycnogenol) is a plant-based antioxidant most studied for circulation, vein, and skin health. Some research...
Pine Bark Extract monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Hypromellose. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg by BulkSupplements.com Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Pine Bark Extract by BulkSupplements.com interacts with several medication types.
The most serious concern is blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs (like aspirin or warfarin). The extract may inhibit platelet aggregation, which could theoretically increase your bleeding risk — the clinical significance of this isn't fully clear, but it's worth checking if you're on any of these medications.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
You'll also want to verify any diabetes medications or blood sugar drugs you're taking. One clinical study shows pine bark extract can lower blood glucose, so there's a theoretical risk of dangerously low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) if you're on antidiabetes agents — close monitoring and dose adjustments might be needed.
Additionally, if you take immunosuppressants (drugs that calm your immune system), the extract may interfere with their effectiveness, though this effect hasn't been proven in humans yet.
Additionally, run your exact medications through the checker below — we have interaction data on file for pine bark extract across a large number of drugs. Altogether, these interactions span 322 individual medications.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg interact with 327 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Pine Bark Extract
Aspirin, HydrocodoneAlor 5 500, Lortab ASA
How Aspirin, Hydrocodone interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Aspirin, Hydrocodone interactionAspirin, MeprobamateMicrainin
How Aspirin, Meprobamate interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Aspirin, Meprobamate interactionAspirin, MethocarbamolRobaxisal
How Aspirin, Methocarbamol interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Aspirin, Methocarbamol interactionAspirin, OmeprazoleYosprala
How Aspirin, Omeprazole interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Aspirin, Omeprazole interactionAspirin, OxycodonePercodan
How Aspirin, Oxycodone interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Aspirin, Oxycodone interactionAspirin, PentazocineTalwin Compound
How Aspirin, Pentazocine interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Aspirin, Pentazocine interactionAtezolizumabTecentriq
How Atezolizumab interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Atezolizumab interactionAzamuneImmunoprin
How Azamune interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Azamune interactionAzathioprineAzamune, Imuran
How Azathioprine interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Azathioprine interactionBasiliximabSimulect
How Basiliximab interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Basiliximab interactionBeclometasone DipropionateBecotide
How Beclometasone Dipropionate interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Beclometasone Dipropionate interactionBeclomethasoneBeclovent, Vanceril
How Beclomethasone interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Beclomethasone interactionBeclomethasone DipropionateQNASL, Qvar
How Beclomethasone Dipropionate interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Beclomethasone Dipropionate interactionBetamethasoneCelestone, Diprolene AF, Diprosone
How Betamethasone interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Betamethasone interactionBetamethasone DipropionateSernivo
How Betamethasone Dipropionate interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Betamethasone Dipropionate interactionBetamethasone Dipropionate, CalcipotrieneEnstilar, Wynzora
How Betamethasone Dipropionate, Calcipotriene interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Betamethasone Dipropionate, Calcipotriene interactionBetamethasone ValerateLuxiq
How Betamethasone Valerate interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Betamethasone Valerate interactionBetrixabanBevyxxa
How Betrixaban interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Betrixaban interactionBimekizumab-bkzxBimzelx
How Bimekizumab-bkzx interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Bimekizumab-bkzx interactionBivalirudinAngiomax, Angiomax Rtu, Angiox
How Bivalirudin interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Bivalirudin interactionBromfenac SodiumBromsite, Prolensa
How Bromfenac Sodium interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Bromfenac Sodium interactionCabliviCablivi
How Cablivi interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Cablivi interactionCanagliflozinInvokana
How Canagliflozin interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Canagliflozin interactionCanagliflozin, MetforminInvokamet
How Canagliflozin, Metformin interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Canagliflozin, Metformin interactionCanagliflozin, Metformin HydrochlorideInvokamet XR
How Canagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Canagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interactionCangrelorKengreal
How Cangrelor interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Cangrelor interactionChlorpropamideChlorpropam, Diabinese
How Chlorpropamide interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Chlorpropamide interactionCiclesonideAlvesco, Omnaris, Zetonna
How Ciclesonide interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Ciclesonide interactionCilostazolPletal
How Cilostazol interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Cilostazol interactionCisplatinPlatinol-AQ
How Cisplatin interacts with Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Cisplatin interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Pine Bark Extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Clinical research suggests that maritime pine bark extract inhibits platelet aggregation. However, the clinical significance of this effect is unclear.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
One clinical study shows that maritime pine bark extract decreases blood sugar in patients with diabetes being treated with antidiabetes agents. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
In vitro and animal research suggests that maritime pine bark extract has immunostimulant activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg, from the product label.
BulkSupplements.com
See all BulkSupplements.com products- Name
- BulkSupplements.com
- Street Address
- 7511 Eastgate Rd
- City
- Henderson
- State
- NV
- ZipCode
- 89011
- Web Address
- BulkSupplements.com
Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg by BulkSupplements.com: Common Questions
Does Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg by BulkSupplements.com interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
What is pine bark extract and what does it do?
Can I take this if I'm on aspirin or another blood thinner?
What are the side effects?
Is it safe to take while pregnant or breastfeeding?
I take a diabetes medication — is this okay to use?
Does this product contain any fillers?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Pine Bark Extract Veg Capsules 6000 mg's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 14 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Maritime Pine 14 references
- Rice-Evans CA, Packer L, eds. Flavonoids in Health and Disease. Manhattan, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998.
- Liu FJ, Zhang YX, Lau BH. Pycnogenol enhances immune and haemopoietic functions in senescence-accelerated mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 1998;54:1168-72. PubMed
- Putter M, Grotemeyer KH, Wurthwein G, et al. Inhibition of smoking-induced platelet aggregation by aspirin and pycnogenol. Thromb Res 1999;95:155-61. PubMed
- Kohama T, Inoue M. Pycnogenol alleviates pain associated with pregnancy. Phytother Res 2006;20:232-4.
- Liu X, Zhou HJ, Rohdewald P. French maritime pine bark extract pycnogenol dose-dependently lowers glucose in type 2 diabetic patients (letter). Diabetes Care 2004;27:839. PubMed
- Liu X, Wei J, Tan F, et al. Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci 2004;75:2505-13. PubMed
- Wilson D, Evans M, Guthrie N et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study to evaluate the potential of pycnogenol for improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Phytother Res 2010;24:1115-9.
- Araghi-Niknam, M., Hosseini, S., Larson, D., Rohdewald, P., and Watson, R. R. Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation. Integr.Med. 3-21-2000;2(2):73-77. PubMed
- Trebaticka, J., Kopasova, S., Hradecna, Z., Cinovsky, K., Skodacek, I., Suba, J., Muchova, J., Zitnanova, I., Waczulikova, I., Rohdewald, P., and Durackova, Z. Treatment of ADHD with French maritime pine bark extract, Pycnogenol. Eur.Child Adolesc.Psychi PubMed
- Suzuki, N., Uebaba, K., Kohama, T., Moniwa, N., Kanayama, N., and Koike, K. French maritime pine bark extract significantly lowers the requirement for analgesic medication in dysmenorrhea: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
- Cisar, P., Jany, R., Waczulikova, I., Sumegova, K., Muchova, J., Vojtassak, J., Durackova, Z., Lisy, M., and Rohdewald, P. Effect of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Phytother.Res. 2008;22(8):1087-1092.
- Enseleit, F., Sudano, I., Periat, D., Winnik, S., Wolfrum, M., Flammer, A. J., Frohlich, G. M., Kaiser, P., Hirt, A., Haile, S. R., Krasniqi, N., Matter, C. M., Uhlenhut, K., Hogger, P., Neidhart, M., Luscher, T. F., Ruschitzka, F., and Noll, G. Effects
- Schoonees, A., Visser, J., Musekiwa, A., and Volmink, J. Pycnogenol(R) (extract of French maritime pine bark) for the treatment of chronic disorders. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;4:CD008294.
- Wang S, Tan D Zhao Y et al. The effect of pycnogenol on the microcirculation, platelet function and ischemic myocardium in patients with coronary artery diseases. Eur Bull Drug Res 1999;7:19-25.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC