Pro-Bio Gold Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Kirkman
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Pro-Bio Gold against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Pro-Bio Gold is a dietary supplement by Kirkman with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for digestive health and balance, diarrhea (including antibiotic-related), vaginal yeast and bacterial infections.Based on those ingredients, 182 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Lactobacillus acidophilus. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Pro-Bio Gold by Kirkman
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Pro-Bio Gold by Kirkman — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pro-Bio Gold by Kirkman
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Pro-Bio Gold contains 6 ingredients, four of which are active probiotics—live beneficial bacteria meant to support your gut health. They are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Bifidobacterium, plus a Kirkman proprietary blend.
The rest are inactive ingredients (fillers and capsule materials) like microcrystalline cellulose and magnesium stearate.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence is mixed. Lactobacillus acidophilus is possibly effective for irritable bowel syndrome, Helicobacter pylori infection, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and bacterial vaginosis, but it's possibly ineffective for atopic disease.
For acute respiratory distress syndrome, there's insufficient reliable evidence to rate it. Streptococcus thermophilus shows insufficient evidence for any of its rated uses—antibiotic-associated diarrhea, bacterial vaginosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, constipation, diabetes, and diabetic nephropathy.
We don't hold effectiveness data for the other ingredients.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Lactobacillus acidophilus is generally well tolerated in healthy adults and children. Orally, it may cause uncommon gastrointestinal side effects like bloating, gas, abdominal discomfort, or diarrhea when combined with other probiotics.
There's a theoretical concern that live probiotic organisms could cause serious infections in certain patients—those with weakened immune systems, central lines, or severe illness—though this is rare in otherwise healthy people. Streptococcus thermophilus is generally well tolerated in healthy people but requires caution in those with weakened immune systems.
Neither ingredient has pregnancy or breastfeeding safety data on file; talk with your doctor or pharmacist if you're pregnant or nursing.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
If you take antibiotics, space them several hours apart from this product—the antibiotic can kill the live bacteria in the supplement and make it less effective. No other interactions are documented for the ingredients we could check, but run your full medication list through the tool below to be sure.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This probiotic may help with gut issues like IBS or antibiotic-associated diarrhea if you take it away from your antibiotics. If you have a weakened immune system, are severely ill, or take regular medications, check with your pharmacist first.
Otherwise, it's generally well tolerated in healthy people.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 2 of 6 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated May 21, 2025.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Pro-Bio Gold, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Kirkman |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 812325021734 |
| Net contents | 120 Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | May 21, 2025 |
| DSLD ID | 333053 |
| Product type | Non-nutrient/non-botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Children 4 or More Years of Age, Adult (18 - 50 Years), No Allergies, Gluten Free, Dairy Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Pro-Bio Gold by Kirkman, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Lactobacillus acidophilus | 0 NP | -- |
| Lactobacillus plantarum | 0 NP | -- |
| Streptococcus thermophilus | 0 NP | -- |
| Lactobacillus rhamnosus | 0 NP | -- |
| Kirkman Proprietary Blend | 21.25 mg | -- |
| Lactobacillus casei | 0 NP | -- |
| Bifidobacterium | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Hypromellose, Water, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Storage
Important: Keep bottle refrigerated and tightly capped. Do not remove the desiccant bag or oxygen absorber if present.
Precautions
Keep out of the reach of children.
Caution: Formulated for adults and children 4 years and older. For children under four, consult a physician.
Formulation
Free of: milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, soy, and sesame
Gluten-free
Supports the immune system and gastrointestinal system health
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Brand IP Statement(s)
Kirkman and Ultra Tested are registered in U.S. patent and trademark office.
Seals/Symbols
Ultra Tested cGMP
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested use: One to two capsules daily or as directed by a physician.
General Statements
503.694.1600
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Pro-Bio Gold by Kirkman label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Pro-Bio Gold by Kirkman
These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container120 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Kirkman Proprietary Blend
- › Lactobacillus acidophilus
- › Lactobacillus plantarum
- › Streptococcus thermophilus
- › Lactobacillus rhamnosus
- › Lactobacillus casei
- › Bifidobacterium
Other (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Hypromellose, Water, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Pro-Bio Gold by Kirkman Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Pro-Bio Gold by Kirkman is a six-ingredient probiotic that carries one documented drug interaction.
Lactobacillus acidophilus, one of its active probiotics, may reduce its own effectiveness if you take it at the same time as antibiotics—the antibiotics can kill off the live organisms in the supplement. The fix is simple: separate the two by a few hours.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Streptococcus thermophilus, another active ingredient, was checked and shows no interactions are documented in our data, though that isn't a guarantee none exist. We could not check three other ingredients in this product: Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, and Bifidobacterium.
Altogether, these interactions span 182 individual medications. If you take antibiotics or any other medications regularly, use the search tool below to check your exact drugs before you start.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Pro-Bio Gold?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Pro-Bio Gold interact with 182 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 6 ingredients in Pro-Bio Gold interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Lactobacillus acidophilus
Oritavancin DiphosphateKimyrsa, Orbactiv
How Oritavancin Diphosphate interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Oritavancin Diphosphate interactionOxacillinBactocill, Prostaphlin
How Oxacillin interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Oxacillin interactionOxytetracyclineTerramycin
How Oxytetracycline interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Oxytetracycline interactionOxytetracycline, Phenazopyridine, SulfamethizoleUrobiotic
How Oxytetracycline, Phenazopyridine, Sulfamethizole interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Oxytetracycline, Phenazopyridine, Sulfamethizole interactionOzenoxacinXepi
How Ozenoxacin interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Ozenoxacin interactionParomomycin SulfateHumatin
How Paromomycin Sulfate interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Paromomycin Sulfate interactionPenicillin GPfizerpen
How Penicillin G interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Penicillin G interactionPenicillin G BenzathineBicillin L-A, Permapen
How Penicillin G Benzathine interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Penicillin G Benzathine interactionPenicillin G Benzathine, ProcaineBicillin C-R
How Penicillin G Benzathine, Procaine interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Penicillin G Benzathine, Procaine interactionPenicillin G PotassiumPen-Tids, Pentids, Pentids 400, Pentids 800, Wycillin
How Penicillin G Potassium interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Penicillin G Potassium interactionPenicillin G, ProcainePenicillin G Procaine
How Penicillin G, Procaine interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Penicillin G, Procaine interactionPenicillin VPen-Vee
How Penicillin V interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Penicillin V interactionPenicillin V PotassiumBeepen-VK, Ledercillin, Pen VK, Pen-Vee K, V-Cillin K, Veetids
How Penicillin V Potassium interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Penicillin V Potassium interactionPenicillin VkRobicillin
How Penicillin Vk interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Penicillin Vk interactionPentamidinePentam 300
How Pentamidine interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Pentamidine interactionPhenazopyridine, SulfamethizoleThiosulfil-A, Thiosulfil-A Forte
How Phenazopyridine, Sulfamethizole interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Phenazopyridine, Sulfamethizole interactionPhenazopyridine, SulfisoxazoleAzo-Gantrisin
How Phenazopyridine, Sulfisoxazole interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Phenazopyridine, Sulfisoxazole interactionPiperacillinPipracil
How Piperacillin interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Piperacillin interactionPiperacillin , TazobactamZosyn
How Piperacillin , Tazobactam interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Piperacillin , Tazobactam interactionPivampicillinPondicillin
How Pivampicillin interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Pivampicillin interactionPivmecillinamSelexid
How Pivmecillinam interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Pivmecillinam interactionPlazomicin SulfateZemdri
How Plazomicin Sulfate interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Plazomicin Sulfate interactionPretomanidPretomanid
How Pretomanid interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Pretomanid interactionPyrazinamideTebrazid
How Pyrazinamide interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Pyrazinamide interactionQuinupristin, DalfopristinSynercid
How Quinupristin, Dalfopristin interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Quinupristin, Dalfopristin interactionRetapamulinAltabax, Altargo
How Retapamulin interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Retapamulin interactionRifabutinMycobutin
How Rifabutin interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Rifabutin interactionRifampinRifadin, Rifadin Injection, Rimactane, Rofactor
How Rifampin interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Rifampin interactionRifamycinAemcolo
How Rifamycin interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Rifamycin interactionRifapentinePriftin
How Rifapentine interacts with Pro-Bio Gold — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lactobacillus AcidophilusAntibiotic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L.
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus + Rifapentine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Pro-Bio Gold with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Lactobacillus acidophilus
Antibiotic Drugs
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L. acidophilus.
L. acidophilus preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and L. acidophilus preparations by at least two hours.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Pro-Bio Gold, from the product label.
Kirkman
See all Kirkman products- Name
- Kirkman
- City
- Lake Oswego
- State
- OR
- ZipCode
- 97035
- Phone Number
- 800.245.8282
- Web Address
- kirkmangroup.com
Pro-Bio Gold by Kirkman: Common Questions
Does Pro-Bio Gold by Kirkman interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Will this work if I'm on antibiotics?
Is it safe if I have a weak immune system?
What side effects might I notice?
Is it okay to take during pregnancy?
What are these bacteria supposed to do?
Why can't I find information on all the ingredients?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Pro-Bio Gold is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Pro-Bio Gold’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Lactobacillus Acidophilus
Interacts with 182 drugsLactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people, and there is reasonable evidence...
Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph → Herb & supplement monographStreptococcus Thermophilus
Streptococcus thermophilus is a friendly bacterium used as a probiotic, often combined with other strains in yogurt and supplements. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people and may...
Read the full Streptococcus Thermophilus monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Pro-Bio Gold's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 36 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Lactobacillus Acidophilus 15 references
- Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
- Begtrup LM, de Muckadell OB, Kjeldsen J, Christensen RD, Jarbøl DE. Long-term treatment with probiotics in primary care patients with irritable bowel syndrome--a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 2013;48(10):1127-35 PubMed
- Chatterjee S, Kar P, Das T, Ray S, Gangulyt S, Rajendiran C, Mitra M. Randomised placebo-controlled double blind multicentric trial on efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium BB-12 for prevention of antibiotic-associated
- Shavakhi A, Tabesh E, Yaghoutkar A, Hashemi H, Tabesh F, Khodadoostan M,Minakari M, Shavakhi S, Gholamrezaei A. The effects of multistrain probiotic compound on bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized placebo-c
- Karamali M, Dadkhah F, Sadrkhanlou M, et al. Effects of probiotic supplementation on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Metab 2016;42(4):234-41. PubMed
- Badehnoosh B, Karamali M, Zarrati M, et al. The effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 May;31(9):1128-1136.
- Kumar S, Kumar R, Rohilla L, Jacob N, Yadav J, Sachdeva N. A high potency multi-strain probiotic improves glycemic control in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled pilot study. Pediatr Diabete
- Shahriari A, Karimi E, Shahriari M, Aslani N, Khooshideh M, Arab A. The effect of probiotic supplementation on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among high-risk pregnant women: A parallel double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial PubMed
- Xiao SD, Zhang DZ, Lu H, et al. Multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of heat-killed Lactobacillus acidophilus LB in patients with chronic diarrhea. Adv Ther. 2003;20(5):253-60.
- Rossi F, Amadoro C, Gasperi M, Colavita G. Lactobacilli infection case reports in the last three years and safety implications. Nutrients. 2022;14(6):1178. PubMed
- Ozer M, Goksu SY, Shahverdiani A, Mustafa M. Lactobacillus acidophilus-induced endocarditis and associated splenic abscess. Case Rep Infect Dis 2020;2020:1382709.
- Sadrin S, Sennoune S, Gout B, et al. A 2-strain mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Dig Liver Dis 2020;52(5):534-540. PubMed
- Stoffer JN, Slingsby TJ, Giuliari GP. Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis after intravitreal bevacizumab injection requiring intraocular lens explantation. Can J Ophthalmol 2022;57(1):e21-e22. PubMed
- Cukovic-Cavka S, Likic R, Francetic I, Rustemovic N, Opacic M, Vucelic B. Lactobacillus acidophilus as a cause of liver abscess in a NOD2/CARD15-positive patient with Crohn's disease. Digestion 2006;73(2-3):107-10.
- Hui J, Ren Y, Wang Y, Han Q. Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis postcataract operation: A case report with a literature review. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023.
See these in context on the Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph →
Streptococcus Thermophilus 21 references
- Saxelin M, Chuang NH, Chassy B, et al. Lactobacilli and bacteremia in southern Finland 1989-1992. Clin Infect Dis 1996;22:564-6. PubMed
- Tynkkynen S, Singh KV, Varmanen P. Vancomycin resistance factor of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in relation to enterococcal vancomycin resistance (van) genes. Int J Food Microbiol 1998;41:195-204. PubMed
- Klein G, Zill E, Schindler R, et al. Peritonitis associated with vancomycin-resistant Lactobacillus rhamnosus in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient; organism identification, antibiotic therapy, and case report. J Clin Microbiol 1998;36:
- Kalima P, Masterton RG, Roddie PH, et al. Lactobacillus rhamnosus infection in a child following bone marrow transplant. J Infect 1996;32:165-7. PubMed
- Goldin BR. Health Benefits of probiotics. Br J Nutr 1998;80:S203-7. DOI
- Rautio M, Jousimies-Somer H, Kauma H, et al. Liver abscess due to Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain indistinguishable from L. rhamnosus strain GG. Clin Infect Dis 1999;28:1159-60.
- MacGregor G, Smith AJ, Thakker B, Kinsella J. Yoghurt biotherapy: contraindicated in immunosuppressed patients? Postgrad Med J 2002;78:366-7. PubMed
- Land MH, Rouster-Stevens K, Woods CR, et al. Lactobacillus sepsis associated with probiotic therapy. Pediatrics 2005;115:178-81.
- De Groote MA, Frank DN, Dowell E, et al. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG bacteremia associated with probiotic use in a child with short gut syndrome. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2005;24:278-80. PubMed
- Vahabnezhad E, Mochon AB, Wozniak LJ, Ziring DA. Lactobacillus bacteremia associated with probiotic use in a pediatric patient with ulcerative colitis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2013;47(5):437-9. PubMed
- Dolatkhah N, Hajifaraji M, Abbasalizadeh F, Aghamohammadzadeh N, Mehrabi Y, Abbasi MM. Is there a value for probiotic supplements in gestational diabetes mellitus? A randomized clinical trial. J Health Popul Nutr. 2015;33:25. PubMed
- Pruccoli G, Silvestro E, Pace Napoleone C, Aidala E, Garazzino S, Scolfaro C. Are probiotics safe? Bifidobacterium bacteremia in a child with severe heart failure. Infez Med. 2019;27(2):175-178.
- Sendil S, Shrimanker I, Mansoora Q, Goldman J, Nookala VK. Lactobacillus rhamnosus bacteremia in an immunocompromised renal transplant patient. Cureus. 2020;12(2):e6887. PubMed
- Albarillo FS, Shah U, Joyce C, Slade D. Lactobacillus rhamnosus Infection: A single-center 4-year descriptive analysis. J Glob Infect Dis. 2020;12(3):119-123. PubMed
- Pasala S, Singer L, Arshad T, Roach K. Lactobacillus endocarditis in a healthy patient with probiotic use. IDCases. 2020;22:e00915. PubMed
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See these in context on the Streptococcus Thermophilus monograph →
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