Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Procera AVH Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Brain Research Labs

Procera AVH label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 23, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Procera AVH against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Procera AVH is a dietary supplement by Brain Research Labs with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for memory and cognitive support, brain blood flow, stroke recovery.Based on those ingredients, 548 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Huperzine A, Vinpocetine, Acetyl L-Carnitine HCL. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Procera AVH by Brain Research Labs

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Procera AVH by Brain Research Labs — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Procera AVH by Brain Research Labs

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Sep 3, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 3 active ingredients.
  • “Procera AVH” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (1,515 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Procera AVH contains three active ingredients. Vinpocetine is a compound derived from the periwinkle plant; it's used to support blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain.

Acetyl L-carnitine HCL is an amino acid derivative that may help brain energy production and neurotransmitter function. Huperzine A is an alkaloid from club moss that works as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor—meaning it slows the breakdown of a chemical messenger in the brain involved in memory and cognition.

The capsule also contains inactive ingredients (gelatin, magnesium stearate, silicon dioxide, talc, microcrystalline cellulose, and titanium dioxide) that serve as binders, fillers, and flow agents.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: memory and brain health improvement.
  • We looked for evidence on: Age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer disease, Cognitive impairment, Dementia, Memory, Vascular dementia — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Vinpocetine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Dementia (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Huperzine A is rated "Possibly Effective" for Alzheimer disease.
  • Also on file: Acetyl-l-carnitine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer disease.

According to the evidence we hold, vinpocetine is rated possibly effective for dementia, though it's been studied for tinnitus, motion sickness, stroke, and chronic fatigue syndrome with insufficient reliable evidence to draw conclusions. Acetyl L-carnitine HCL is possibly effective for age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer disease, alcohol use disorder, diabetic neuropathy, and depression.

Huperzine A is possibly effective for Alzheimer disease; evidence for athletic performance, cognitive impairment, vascular dementia, depression, and general memory support is insufficient to rate. The strength of evidence varies across these uses, so talk with your doctor about whether this product matches what you're looking for.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Vinpocetine Acetyl-l-carnitine Huperzine A

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

All three ingredients are generally well tolerated short-term, but long-term safety and supplement quality are not fully established. Vinpocetine carries the most serious caution: the FDA has advised that pregnant people and those who could become pregnant should not use it.

There is not enough safety data to recommend it while breastfeeding either. Acetyl L-carnitine HCL and huperzine A both lack sufficient safety information for pregnancy; the data advises against use during pregnancy, and safety while breastfeeding is unknown for both.

Huperzine A, in particular, is a pharmacologically active compound that warrants careful use and medical guidance. Common side effects from these ingredients include dizziness, headache, sleep disturbances, dry mouth, and gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea).

Rare but serious effects reported include heart rhythm disturbances (arrhythmias) and, with huperzine A, decreased heart rate. Stop and contact your doctor if you experience chest pain, severe dizziness, or unusual heart symptoms.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Vinpocetine Acetyl-l-carnitine Huperzine A

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Vinpocetine, Huperzine A, Acetyl-l-carnitine.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs.
  • For scale: 548 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take Procera AVH, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you use blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (warfarin, aspirin, clopidogrel, acenocoumarol, or others)—vinpocetine and acetyl L-carnitine may increase bleeding risk. If you take serotonergic antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs, or others), let them know, because acetyl L-carnitine might amplify serotonin effects.

If you're on thyroid hormone replacement, anticholinergic drugs (for overactive bladder or Parkinson disease), or cholinergic drugs (some Alzheimer treatments), check first—acetyl L-carnitine may interfere with thyroid therapy, and huperzine A may alter how these drugs work.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Procera AVH may be worth considering if you're exploring options for cognitive support and Alzheimer disease—but only if your doctor agrees it's right for you. It's not for pregnant people or anyone breastfeeding.

If you take blood thinners, antidepressants, thyroid medication, or drugs for Parkinson disease or Alzheimer disease, you must check with your doctor or pharmacist before starting, because these interactions can be meaningful.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 25, 2013.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Procera AVH, straight from the product label.

Brand Brain Research Labs
Net contents 60 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 25, 2013
DSLD ID 26468
Product type Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Seniors/Mature (>50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Procera AVH by Brain Research Labs, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
3 Capsule(s)
IngredientAmount% DV
Vinpocetine0 NP--
Acetyl L-Carnitine HCL0 NP--
Procera AVH1515 mg--
Huperzine A0 NP--

Other ingredients: Gelatin, Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide, Talc, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Titanium Dioxide

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

(Cognitive Enhancer)

{chart} Average Decline In Brainpower With Age compared to Brainpower (milliHertz) Up to 50% Loss in Brainpower by Age 55 Study Showed Procera AVH(R) Users Improved Brainpower to the Level of People 10-15 Years Younger!

BREAKTHROUGH SCIENCE IN BRAIN HEALTH AND PERFORMANCE Studies now show by the age of 40, on average, we have already lost well over 30% of our brainpower, and by age 50-55 up to 50%...that's half your memory, focus, and mental quickness gone. It doesn't have to be this way!

INCREASED OXYGEN AND ENERGY {chart} BEFORE AFTER Illustration

New and Improved! AS SEEN ON TV "Clinically shown to help improve MEMORY POWER to the level of people 10-15 years younger."

Acetylcholine and Oxygen Transport Technology

Memory Focus Mental Clarity Mood

UNIVERSITY TESTED

U.S.Patent No. 8,071,610

For more information about the landmark trial, please go to www.BrainResearchLabs.com

Formulation

STIMULANT FREE!

Brand IP Statement(s)

Procera AVH(R) was clinically shown to help improve memory and brain power to the level of people 10-15 years younger

HOW PROCERA AVH(R) HELPS Step 1. Oxygenate brain cells to revitalize your mind. Step 2. Restore your depleted neurotransmitters with vital nutrients for a sharper brain. Step 3. Protect your brain against free radicals from stress and toxins.

Procera AVH(R) is a proprietary, patented nutritional supplement that was clinically tested and shown to help improve memory, focus, mental clarity, and even mood. Procera AVH(R)'s double-blind, placebo controlled University Clinical trial was conducted at the Brain Sciences Institute in Australia.

Each of Procera AVH(R) ingredients is also supported by over 20 years of clinical research and use, worldwide. Its unique triple-action can help improve the brain's use of oxygen, glucose and acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter for improved brain function.

(C) 2013

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Seals/Symbols

BRL Brain Research Labs(TM)

CLINICAL STRENGTH FORMULA

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

DIRECTIONS: Take 2-3 capsules daily with food.

Precautions

WARNING: Do not use this product if you're pregnant or under the age of 18, or if you take a medication or have a medical condition that prohibits you from taking dietary supplements.

WARNING: Do not use this product if you're pregnant or under the age of 18, or if you take a medication or have a medical condition that prohibits you from taking dietary supplements.

Do not exceed recommended intake. If you experience any adverse reaction to this product immediately discontinue use and contact your physician.

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Procera AVH by Brain Research Labs label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Procera AVH label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Procera AVH by Brain Research Labs

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Procera AVH

1515 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide, Talc, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Titanium Dioxide. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Procera AVH by Brain Research Labs Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Procera AVH?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
548Drugs
548 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Huperzine A 219
Vinpocetine 208
Acetyl L-Carnitine HCL 203

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Procera AVH interact with 548 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 3 ingredients in Procera AVH interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Huperzine A Vinpocetine Acetyl L-Carnitine HCL

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Procera AVH with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Huperzine A2 drug types · 219 drugs

Anticholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, huperzine A might decrease the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Huperzine A has acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibiting effects. In animal models, huperzine A reversed cognitive deficits induced by scopolamine, an anticholinergic drug.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, concurrent use of huperzine A with cholinergic drugs might increase the effects and side effects of these medications.
Huperzine A can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and might cause cumulative effects if used with cholinergic drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Huperzine A full monograph & interactions

Vinpocetine3 drug types · 208 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Vinpocetine might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Clinical research shows that vinpocetine decreases red blood cell aggregation, as well as plasma and whole blood viscosity. This effect has been seen with intravenous vinpocetine 1 mg/kg and oral vinpocetine 30 mg daily. Vinpocetine also seems to have antiplatelet effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, vinpocetine might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that vinpocetine weakly inhibits CYP2C9. However, this effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Vinpocetine might modestly increase the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin.
Clinical research shows that the combination of warfarin and vinpocetine leads to slight increases in prothrombin time and the area under the concentration curve for warfarin. However, these increases were small, and researchers suggest that this interaction is not likely to be clinically significant in most patients.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Vinpocetine full monograph & interactions

Acetyl L-Carnitine HCL4 drug types · 203 drugs

Acenocoumarol (Sintrom)

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of acetyl-L-carnitine, might enhance the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, an oral anticoagulant that is similar to warfarin, but shorter-acting. There are at least two case reports of INR elevation when L-carnitine was taken with acenocoumarol. In one case, a 33-year-old male with a previously stable INR had an elevated INR of 4.65 after L-carnitine was started and continued for 10 weeks. INR normalized after discontinuation of the L-carnitine-containing product. It is unclear if such an interaction would also occur with acetyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Serotonergic Drugs

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the risk of serotonergic side effects, including serotonin syndrome and cerebral vasoconstrictive disorders, when taken with serotonergic drugs.
Animal research shows that acetyl-L-carnitine can increase levels of serotonin in the brain.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might decrease the effectiveness of thyroid hormone replacement.
L-carnitine appears to act as a peripheral thyroid hormone antagonist by inhibiting entry of thyroid hormone into the nucleus of cells. Taking L-carnitine also seems to diminish some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. It is unclear if such an interaction would occur with acetyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of acetyl-L-carnitine, might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, a shorter-acting oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin. There is not enough information to know whether this interaction occurs with acetyl-L-carnitine and warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Acetyl L-Carnitine HCL full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Procera AVH, from the product label.

Brain Research Labs

See all Brain Research Labs products
Phone Number
1-800-213-4101
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Procera AVH by Brain Research Labs: Common Questions

Does Procera AVH by Brain Research Labs interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Procera AVH has a known interaction with 548 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Procera AVH contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take Procera AVH if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
No. The FDA has advised that pregnant people and those who could become pregnant should not use vinpocetine, one of the three active ingredients. For acetyl L-carnitine HCL and huperzine A, there isn't enough safety information, so both are advised against during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Talk with your doctor before taking this product if you're pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
What are the most common side effects?
The most common side effects are dizziness, headache, sleep disturbances, dry mouth, nausea, and diarrhea. A small number of people have reported anxiety, agitation, or restlessness. These tend to be mild, but if they persist or worsen, let your doctor know.
Is Procera AVH proven to work for memory and thinking?
Acetyl L-carnitine HCL is possibly effective for age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer disease, as is huperzine A for Alzheimer disease. Vinpocetine is possibly effective for dementia. The evidence varies in strength, so results may differ from person to person. Your doctor can discuss whether it's a good choice for your specific situation.
What is huperzine A, and why is it in this product?
Huperzine A is an alkaloid (active compound) from club moss that slows the breakdown of acetylcholine, a brain chemical involved in memory and thinking. It's included because research suggests it may help support cognitive function in Alzheimer disease and age-related memory decline. It's a pharmacologically active ingredient, so it does carry real effects and side effects.
Can I take this long-term?
The ingredients are generally well tolerated short-term, but long-term safety and supplement quality are not fully established. Talk with your doctor about how long you should take it and whether periodic check-ins are needed.
Does this product have any fillers or artificial ingredients?
It contains inactive ingredients (gelatin, magnesium stearate, silicon dioxide, talc, microcrystalline cellulose, and titanium dioxide) that serve as binders, fillers, and flow agents to form and stabilize the capsule. If you have allergies or sensitivities to any of these, check with your pharmacist before using.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Procera AVH label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Procera AVH’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Vinpocetine

Interacts with 208 drugs

Vinpocetine is a lab-made compound based on a chemical from the periwinkle plant, and it is marketed mainly for memory and brain health. The evidence behind these uses is limited and not str...

Read the full Vinpocetine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Acetyl-l-carnitine

Interacts with 203 drugs

Acetyl-L-carnitine is a form of the amino acid carnitine that the body uses to help produce energy in cells. It is most studied for nerve pain and memory-related conditions, though the evide...

Read the full Acetyl-l-carnitine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Huperzine A

Interacts with 219 drugs

Huperzine A is a purified compound from a Chinese clubmoss that acts like a mild cholinesterase inhibitor, similar in mechanism to some prescription Alzheimer's drugs. Some small studies sug...

Read the full Huperzine A monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Procera AVH's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 62 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Vinpocetine 27 references
  1. Hindmarch I, Fuchs HH, Erzigkeit H. Efficacy and tolerance of vinpocetine in ambulant patients suffering from mild to moderate organic psychosyndromes. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1991;6:31-43. PubMed
  2. Balestreri R, Fontana L, Astengo F. A double-blind placebo controlled evaluation of the safety and efficacy of vinpocetine in the treatment of patients with chronic vascular senile cerebral dysfunction. J Am Geriatr Soc 1987;35:425-30. PubMed
  3. Akopov SE, Gabrielian ES. Effects of aspirin, dipyridamole, nifedipine and cavinton which act on platelet aggregation induced by different aggregating agents alone and in combination. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1992;42:257-9. PubMed
  4. Kidd PM. A review of nutrients and botanicals in the integrative management of cognitive dysfunction. Altern Med Rev 1999;4:144-61..
  5. Wollschlaeger B. Efficacy of vinpocetine in the management of cognitive impairment and memory loss. JANA 2001;4:25-30.
  6. Hitzenberger G, Sommer W, Grandt R. Influence of vinpocetine on warfarin-induced inhibition of coagulation. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1990;28:323-8..
  7. Dekoninck, W. J., Jocquet, P., Jacquy, J., and Henriet, M. Comparative study of the clinical effects of vincamine + glycerol versus glycerol + placebo in the acute phase of stroke. Arzneimittelforschung. 1978;28(9):1654-1657.
  8. Fischhof, P. K., Moslinger-Gehmayr, R., Herrmann, W. M., Friedmann, A., and Russmann, D. L. Therapeutic efficacy of vincamine in dementia. Neuropsychobiology 1996;34(1):29-35. PubMed
  9. Feher, G., Koltai, K., Kesmarky, G., Horvath, B., Toth, K., Komoly, S., and Szapary, L. Effect of parenteral or oral vinpocetine on the hemorheological parameters of patients with chronic cerebrovascular diseases. Phytomedicine. 2009;16(2-3):111-117. PubMed
  10. Kuzuya, F. Effects of vinpocetine on platelet aggregability and erythrocyte deformability. Ther Hung. 1985;33(1):22-34.
  11. Kovacs, L. Cavinton in the treatment of acute stroke. Ther Hung. 1985;33(1):50-57.
  12. Osawa, M. and Maruyama, S. Effects of TCV-3B (vinpocetine) on blood viscosity in ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Ther.Hung. 1985;33(1):7-12.
  13. Ebi, O. Open-labeled phase III clinical trials with vinpocetine in Japan. Ther.Hung. 1985;33(1):41-49.
  14. Richichi, I., Valsecchi, O., Falcone, C., Sofi, A., and Zanini, L. [A case of "torsade de pointe" during vincamine therapy]. Minerva Cardioangiol. 1978;26(3):197-200.
  15. Dany, F., Merle, L., Goudoud, J. C., Liozon, F., Blanc, P., Bouvot, J. C., Nicot, G., and Dangoumau, J. [Cardiac toxicity of vincamine: a seven cases report of ventricular arrhythmias by parenteral administration of vincamine (author's transl)]. Therapie
  16. Fenzl, E., Apecechea, M., Schaltenbr, R., and Fridel, R. Long term study concerning tolerance and efficacy of vinpocetine in elderly patients suffering from a mild to moderate organic psychosyndrome. Senile dementia: early detection 1986;580-585.
  17. Peruzza, M. and DeJacobis, M. A double-blind placebo controlled evaluation of the efficacy and safety of vinpocetine in the treatment of patients with chronic vascular or degenerative senile cerebral dysfunction. ADV THER 1986;3(4):201-209.
  18. Manconi, E., Binaghi, F., and Pitzus, F. A double-blind clinical trial of vinpocetine in the treatment of cerebral insufficiency of vascular and degenerative origin. CURR THER RES, CLIN EXP 1986;40(4):702-709.
  19. Blaha, L., Erzigkeit, H. L., Adamczyk, L. A., Freytag, L. S., and Schaltenbrand, R. Clinical evidence of the effectiveness of vinpocetine in the treatment of organic psychosyndrome. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical & Experimental 1989;4(2):103-111. DOI
  20. Shimizu, Y., Saitoh, K., Nakayama, M., Suto, K., Daikohara, R., and Nemoto, T. Agranulocytosis induced by vinpocetine. Medicine On-line 2011;
  21. Kong L, Song C, Ye L, et al. The Effect of Vinpocetine on Human Cytochrome P450 Isoenzymes by Using a Cocktail Method. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:5017135. PubMed
  22. Vinpocetine in Dietary Supplements. FDA Food/Dietary Supplements/Products & Ingredients. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/Food/DietarySupplements/ProductsIngredients/ucm518478.htm. Accessed 6 September 2016.
  23. Statement on warning for women of childbearing age about possible safety risks of dietary supplements containing vinpocetine. FDA Food/Dietary Supplements/Products & Ingredients. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/statement-
  24. Zhang W, Huang Y, Li Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of vinpocetine as part of treatment for acute cerebral infarction: A randomized, open-label, controlled, multicenter CAVIN (Chinese Assessment for Vinpocetine in Neurology) trial. Clin Drug Investig 2016; PubMed
  25. National Toxicology Program. NTP technical report on the prenatal development toxicity studies of vinpocetine (CAS No. 42971-09-5) in Sprague Dawley Rats and New Zealand White Rabbits (Gavage Studies). Research Triangle Park, NC: National Toxicology Progr
  26. Gutiérrez-Farfán I, Reyes-Legorreta C, Solís-Olguín M, Alatorre-Miguel E, Verduzco-Mendoza A, Durand-Rivera A. Evaluation of vinpocetine as a therapy in patients with sensorineural hearing loss: a phase II, open-label, single-center study. J Pharmacol Sci PubMed
  27. Hu X, Guo K, Li J, et al. Postoperative ecchymoma of eyelid after botulinum toxin injection for hemifacial spasm: a case report. Front Neurol 2023;14:1171303. PubMed

See these in context on the Vinpocetine monograph →

Acetyl-l-carnitine 22 references
  1. Thal LJ, Carta A, Clarke WR, et al. A 1-year multicenter placebo-controlled study of acetyl-L-carnitine in patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1996;47:705-11. PubMed
  2. Sano M, Bell K, Cote L, et al. Double-blind parallel design pilot study of acetyl levocarnitine in patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Arch Neurol 1992;49:1137-41. PubMed
  3. Spagnoli A, Lucca U, Menasce G, et al. Long-term acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1991;41:1726-32. PubMed
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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