Herb & supplement monograph

Acetyl-l-carnitine Drug Interactions, Uses, Effectiveness, Safety & More

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Interaction report

Drugs that interact with Acetyl-l-carnitine

203 medications have a known interaction with Acetyl-l-carnitine, graded by severity. Select any drug for the full evidence-based detail.

2,830 drugs
AcenocoumarolSintrom› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PseudoephedrineChildren's Tylenol Cold Plus Cough, Tylenol Cold Ex Strength› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic GG› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylephrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS, Histex SR, Protid› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic, Rhinogesic JR› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineAlumadrine, Conex, Sinadrin Max Strength, Sinulin› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, OpiumHista-Derfule› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, PhenyltoloxamineNorel Plus› Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PseudoephedrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS Liquid Gels, Children's Tylenol Cold, Codimal, Comtrex, Extra Strength Tylenol Allergy Sinus, Lorsin +3 more› Acetaminophen, DextromethorphanTylenol Cough Ex Strength› Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, PseudoephedrineVicks NyQuil› Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, PhenylephrineConar-A› Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, PhenylpropanolamineAnatuss› Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, PseudoephedrineRobitussin Cold, Severe Cold, Suphedrine Cold/Cough› Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine, PyrilamineTheracaps› Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, PseudoephedrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS Flu Liquid Gels, Non Aspirin Cold Caps, Tylenol Cold, Tylenol Flu Daytime Ex Strength, Tylenol Flu Ex Strength› Acetaminophen, MeperidineDemerol APAP› Acetaminophen, Phenylephrine, ChlorpheniramineSuper Cold Tabs› AlmotriptanAlmogran, Axert› AlosetronLotronex› AmitriptylineElavil› Amitriptyline, ChlordiazepoxideLimbitrol DS› Amitriptyline, PerphenazineEtrafon, Etrafon-A, Etrafon-Forte, Triavil› AmoxapineAsendin› Amphetamine Aspartate, Amphetamine Sulfate, Dextroamphetamine Saccharate, Dextroamphetamine SulfateAdderall, Adderall XR›
Read The List Like a Pharmacist

What Severity, Likelihood & Evidence Mean

Severity — How Serious It Can Be

  • Major. Clinically significant; generally best avoided, or used only under direct professional supervision.
  • Moderate. May need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one.
  • Minor. Generally not clinically significant, but still worth noting and mentioning to your pharmacist.
  • No known interaction. Checked against our sources with nothing documented — not the same as proven safety.

Likelihood — How Well It’s Documented

  • Likely. Well-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction
  • Probable. Interaction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
  • Possible. Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists
  • Unlikely. Interaction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.

Where This Data Comes From

  • Interaction records are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database (TRC Healthcare), the same reference used by pharmacists and hospitals.
  • Each drug listed above links to the full report for that exact Acetyl-l-carnitine combination — clinical detail, likelihood, evidence level, and citations.
  • Content is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.
The big picture

The kinds of drugs Acetyl-l-carnitine affects

Every type of medication (drug category) Acetyl-l-carnitine is known to interact with. Open any category for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

All 4 drug categories Acetyl-l-carnitine interacts with
Acenocoumarol (sintrom)Serotonergic DrugsThyroid HormoneWarfarin (coumadin)
Acenocoumarol (Sintrom)

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of acetyl-L-carnitine, might enhance the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, an oral anticoagulant that is similar to warfarin, but shorter-acting. There are at least two case reports of INR elevation when L-carnitine was taken with acenocoumarol. In one case, a 33-year-old male with a previously stable INR had an elevated INR of 4.65 after L-carnitine was started and continued for 10 weeks. INR normalized after discontinuation of the L-carnitine-containing product. It is unclear if such an interaction would also occur with acetyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Serotonergic Drugs

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the risk of serotonergic side effects, including serotonin syndrome and cerebral vasoconstrictive disorders, when taken with serotonergic drugs.
Animal research shows that acetyl-L-carnitine can increase levels of serotonin in the brain.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might decrease the effectiveness of thyroid hormone replacement.
L-carnitine appears to act as a peripheral thyroid hormone antagonist by inhibiting entry of thyroid hormone into the nucleus of cells. Taking L-carnitine also seems to diminish some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. It is unclear if such an interaction would occur with acetyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of acetyl-L-carnitine, might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, a shorter-acting oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin. There is not enough information to know whether this interaction occurs with acetyl-L-carnitine and warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Monograph

Acetyl-l-carnitine: Uses, Safety & Side Effects

The bottom line

Acetyl-L-carnitine is a form of the amino acid carnitine that the body uses to help produce energy in cells. It is most studied for nerve pain and memory-related conditions, though the evidence is mixed and often limited. It is generally well tolerated for short-term use, but you should talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting it.

Acetyl-l-carnitine
Part used
Not applicable (a naturally occurring compound made in the body)
Common forms
Capsules, tablets, powder, and liquid
People commonly use it for
  • Memory and cognitive support
  • Nerve pain (neuropathy)
  • Energy and fatigue
  • Age-related decline
  • Male fertility
  • Mood support

Popular and traditional uses — not proof it works. See “Uses & effectiveness” below for the evidence.

Safety at a glance
OverallUse caution

Generally well tolerated short-term, but long-term safety is not fully established.

PregnancyInsufficient reliable information

Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.

Read the full pregnancy detail
BreastfeedingInsufficient reliable information

Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.

Read the full breastfeeding detail

Pregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center). Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.

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Overview

Acetyl-L-carnitine (often shortened to ALCAR) is a form of carnitine, a substance the body naturally makes from the amino acids lysine and methionine. Your body uses carnitine to help turn fat into energy inside your cells. Acetyl-L-carnitine is the "acetylated" form, which means it may cross into the brain more easily than plain L-carnitine.

Because it is made in the body, it is not an herb and does not come from a plant. As a supplement, it is produced in a lab and sold as capsules, tablets, powders, and liquids. People take it hoping to support brain function, energy, nerve health, and healthy aging.

How it works

Inside cells, carnitine helps carry fatty acids into the mitochondria, the part of the cell that produces energy. By supporting this process, carnitine may help cells make energy more efficiently.

The acetyl group attached to this form may allow it to reach the brain and nerve tissue more easily. Researchers think it may also support the production of certain brain chemicals and help protect nerve cells from damage. Many of these ideas come from laboratory and animal studies, so they do not always translate directly to benefits in people.

Effectiveness

Does Acetyl-l-carnitine work?

Evidence overview · 39 uses evaluated
5 Possibly effective 1 Leans ineffective 33 Insufficient evidence
How to read these evidence grades

Natural Medicines’ 7-point scale. We show each rating’s label word-for-word.

1EffectiveStrong, consistent evidence it works.
2Likely EffectiveGood evidence, though not yet conclusive.
3Possibly EffectiveSome evidence suggests a benefit.
4Possibly IneffectiveSome evidence it may not help.
5Likely IneffectiveFairly strong evidence it doesn’t help.
6IneffectiveStrong evidence it doesn’t work.
7Insufficient Reliable Evidence to RateToo little research to say either way.
Possibly Effective Age-related cognitive decline
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral acetyl-L-carnitine may improve age-related cognitive decline.

Possibly Effective Alcohol use disorder
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Intravenous acetyl-L-carnitine may reduce cravings and other symptoms of withdrawal during alcohol detoxification. It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine is beneficial for managing withdrawal or complications of alcohol use disorder.

Possibly Effective Alzheimer disease
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral acetyl-L-carnitine may slow the progression of Alzheimer disease and improve some measures of cognitive function.

Possibly Effective Depression
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral acetyl-L-carnitine may reduce symptoms of depression, with comparable effects to conventional antidepressants, in patients with dysthymia and depression. It may be most effective in elderly patients and at higher doses.

Possibly Effective Diabetic neuropathy
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral acetyl-L-carnitine may reduce pain in patients with diabetic neuropathy when taken at doses of at least 2-3 grams daily. It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine can improve nerve conduction velocity in these patients.

Possibly Ineffective Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

The evidence related to the effect of oral acetyl-L-carnitine on symptoms of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is mixed. Some research shows that it may actually worsen symptoms.

Also studied for 33 conditions — evidence insufficient to rate
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Age-related testosterone deficiency
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral acetyl-L-carnitine has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Aging skin
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral acetyl-L-carnitine for aging skin, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine for this purpose.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Amenorrhea
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral acetyl-L-carnitine for amenorrhea, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine for this purpose.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, Lou Gehrig's disease)
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine is beneficial in patients with ALS.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Antiretroviral toxic neuropathy
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Small clinical studies suggest that oral acetyl-L-carnitine may modestly improve symptoms in patients with antiretroviral toxic neuropathy. It is unclear if intramuscular or intravenous acetyl-L-carnitine is beneficial in patients with this condition.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Atherosclerosis
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral acetyl-L-carnitine has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Athletic performance
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral acetyl-L-carnitine for athletic performance, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine for this purpose.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Small clinical trials suggest that oral acetyl-L-carnitine is not beneficial in children with ADHD.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Bell palsy
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral acetyl-L-carnitine for Bell palsy, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine for this purpose.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Bipolar disorder
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral acetyl-L-carnitine has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Cancer-related fatigue
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral acetyl-L-carnitine for cancer-related fatigue, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine for this purpose.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Carpal tunnel syndrome
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine is beneficial in patients undergoing surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Cataracts
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral acetyl-L-carnitine for cataracts, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine for this purpose.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine is beneficial in patients with CFS.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Diabetes
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine improves glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Down syndrome
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral acetyl-L-carnitine for Down syndrome, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine for this purpose.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Dyslipidemia
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine reduces lipid levels in adults with dyslipidemia.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Fibromyalgia
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral and/or intramuscular acetyl-L-carnitine can improve symptoms of fibromyalgia.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Fragile X syndrome
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Small clinical studies suggest that oral acetyl-L-carnitine is not beneficial in children with fragile X syndrome.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Frailty
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine prevents frailty.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Hepatic encephalopathy
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Small clinical studies suggest that oral acetyl-L-carnitine may not improve quality of life or fatigue in patients with hepatic encephalopathy due to cirrhosis.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Hypertension
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine lowers blood pressure in adults with hypertension.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Infertility
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral acetyl-L-carnitine for infertility in females, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine for this purpose.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Lyme disease
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral acetyl-L-carnitine for Lyme disease, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine for this purpose.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Multiple sclerosis-related fatigue
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine is beneficial in patients with multiple sclerosis-related fatigue.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Obesity
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral acetyl-L-carnitine for obesity, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine for this purpose.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Peripheral neuropathy
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Although there has been interest in using oral acetyl-L-carnitine for peripheral neuropathy, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine for this purpose.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Peyronie disease
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

A small clinical study suggests that oral acetyl-L-carnitine may modestly improve symptoms of Peyronie disease.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if acetyl-L-carnitine is beneficial in patients with PCOS.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Schizophrenia
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine is beneficial in patients with schizophrenia.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Sciatica
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine is beneficial in patients with sciatica.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Stroke
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

It is unclear if oral acetyl-L-carnitine is beneficial following a stroke.

Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Toxin-induced liver damage
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Oral acetyl-L-carnitine has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.

Source & disclaimer. Effectiveness ratings and evidence summaries are provided by Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) and shown as licensed. Where Natural Medicines hasn’t rated a use, HelloPharmacist’s pharmacists may add their own reviewed rating and evidence (each such entry is labeled). This is educational information, not medical advice — talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing a supplement.

Safety & precautions

Acetyl-L-carnitine appears to be reasonably well tolerated when taken by mouth for a few months. Still, its long-term safety has not been fully studied.

People with thyroid problems should be cautious, since carnitine may interfere with thyroid hormone activity. People with a history of seizures should also use caution, as carnitine products have been linked to more frequent seizures in some reports. If you have kidney disease, talk to your doctor first.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding: There is not enough reliable information to consider it safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding. It is best to avoid it during these times unless your doctor specifically recommends it.

Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting Acetyl-L-carnitine, especially if you have a medical condition or take other medicines.

Side effects

Most side effects are mild and tend to involve the stomach. These may include:

  • Nausea
  • Stomach upset or cramping
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Restlessness or trouble sleeping

Some people notice a "fishy" body odor when taking carnitine products, which usually goes away if the dose is lowered or stopped. Rarely, it may cause increased agitation, especially in people with certain mental health or neurological conditions. Stop taking it and contact your doctor if you have a worrying reaction.

Acetyl-l-carnitine: Reported Adverse Effects

Documented safety reports on Acetyl-l-carnitine from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database, shown word-for-word from the licensed record.

Orally, acetyl-L-carnitine is generally well tolerated.

Most Common Adverse Effects:

Orally: Agitation, dry mouth, headache, insomnia, and reduced appetite. A metabolite of acetyl-L-carnitine has been reported to cause a fishy odor of the urine, breath, and sweat.

Reports by condition
Alzheimer disease Psychiatric

Orally, acetyl-L-carnitine may cause agitation (restlessness and motor overactivity). Side effects reported in people with Alzheimer disease include psychiatric disturbances such as depression, mania, confusion and aggression, but it is not clear whether these are due to acetyl-L-carnitine or the condition itself.

  1. Spagnoli A, Lucca U, Menasce G, et al. Long-term acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1991;41:1726-32.
  2. Rai G, Wright G, Scott L, et al. Double-blind, placebo controlled study of acetyl-l-carnitine in patients with Alzheimer's dementia. Curr Med Res Opin 1990;11:638-47.
  3. De Grandis D, Minardi C. Acetyl-L-carnitine (levacecarnine) in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. A long-term, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Drugs R D 2002;3:223-31.
  4. Sima AAF, Calvani M, Mehra M, et al. Acetyl-L-carnitine improves pain, nerve regeneration, and vibratory perception in patients with chronic diabetic neuropathy: An analysis of two randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Diabetes Care 2005;28:89-94.
  5. Thal LJ, Carta A, Clarke WR, et al. A 1-year multicenter placebo-controlled study of acetyl-L-carnitine in patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1996;47:705-11.
  6. Sano M, Bell K, Cote L, et al. Double-blind parallel design pilot study of acetyl levocarnitine in patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Arch Neurol 1992;49:1137-41.
  7. Brooks JO 3rd, Yesavage JA, Carta A, Bravi D. Acetyl L-carnitine slows decline in younger patients with Alzheimer's disease: a reanalysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled study using the trilinear approach. Int Psychoger 1998;10:193-203.
  8. Pettegrew JW, Klunk WE, Panchalingam K, et al. Clinical and neurochemical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 1995;16:1-4.
  9. Montgomery SA, Thal LJ, Amrein R. Meta-analysis of double blind randomized controlled clinical trials of acetyl-L-carnitine versus placebo in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2003;18:61-71..
  10. Hudson S, Tabet N. Acetyl-L-carnitine for dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;2:CD003158..
Anorexia Gastrointestinal

Orally, acetyl-L-carnitine may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, hiccups, abdominal distension and gastrointestinal upset or pain. However, gastrointestinal symptoms do not usually occur more often in patients receiving acetyl-L-carnitine than in patients receiving placebo. Acetyl-L-carnitine may also cause dry mouth and anorexia. When taken orally, a combination of acetyl-L-carnitine and alpha-lipoic acid may cause diarrhea, constipation, and dyspepsia.

  1. Youle, M. and Osio, M. A double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, multicentre study of acetyl L-carnitine in the symptomatic treatment of antiretroviral toxic neuropathy in patients with HIV-1 infection. HIV.Med. 2007;8(4):241-250.
  2. Brennan BP, Jensen JE, Hudson JI, Coit CE, Beaulieu A, Pope HG Jr, Renshaw PF, Cohen BM. A placebo-controlled trial of acetyl-L-carnitine and a-lipoic acid in the treatment of bipolar depression. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2013 Oct;33(5):627-35.
Bipolar disorder Neurologic/CNS

Orally, acetyl-L-carnitine may cause headache and insomnia. In one clinical trial, two patients with antiretroviral toxic neuropathy reported paresthesia, pain, and neuropathy after taking acetyl-L-carnitine 1000 mg daily. A case of mania has been reported for a patient with bipolar I disorder currently in remission. The patient presented with symptoms after taking multiple supplements for the past 4 weeks including acetyl-L-carnitine 1000 mg twice daily. The symptoms appeared 3 days after beginning to take acetyl-L-carnitine and worsened over the next week. The patient had increased speech rate and volume and reported increased energy levels and racing thoughts. The patient's parent reported irritability and an increase in loud behaviors at home, similar to a previous episode of mania. The patient was advised to discontinue acetyl-L-carnitine, and the manic symptoms disappeared 3 days later.

  1. Ledinek AH, Sajko MC, Rot U. Evaluating the effects of amantadin, modafinil and acetyl-L-carnitine on fatigue in multiple sclerosis--result of a pilot randomized, blind study. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2013 Dec;115 Suppl 1:S86-9.
  2. Martinotti G, Andreoli S, Reina D, Di Nicola M, Ortolani I, Tedeschi D, Fanella F, Pozzi G, Iannoni E, D'Iddio S, Prof LJ. Acetyl-l-Carnitine in the treatment of anhedonia, melancholic and negative symptoms in alcohol dependent subjects. Prog Neuropsychop
  3. Bruno A, Pandolfo G, Crucitti M, Lorusso S, Zoccali RA, Muscatello MR. Acetyl-L-Carnitine Augmentation of Clozapine in Partial-Responder Schizophrenia: A 12-Week, Open-Label Uncontrolled Preliminary Study. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2016;39(6):277-80.
  4. Youle, M. and Osio, M. A double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, multicentre study of acetyl L-carnitine in the symptomatic treatment of antiretroviral toxic neuropathy in patients with HIV-1 infection. HIV.Med. 2007;8(4):241-250.
  5. Goodison G, Overeem K, de Monte V, Siskind D. Mania associated with self-prescribed acetyl-l-carnitine in a man with bipolar I disorder. Australas Psychiatry. 2017;25(1):13-4.
Hypertension Cardiovascular

Orally, one patient in a pharmacokinetic study reported high blood pressure 8 hoursafter taking acetyl-L-carnitine 500 mg; however, it is unclear if this was due to acetyl-L-carnitine or another factor.

  1. Baek SM, Zheng R, Seo EJ, Hwang DY, Kim BH. Pharmacokinetic comparisons of two acetyl-L-carnitine formulations in healthy Korean volunteers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2015;53(11):980-6.
DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.

Adverse-effects data: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center

Dosing

There is no single official dose of Acetyl-L-carnitine for any condition. Doses used in studies have varied widely depending on what was being tested.

The best approach is to follow the directions on the product label and to check with your pharmacist or doctor about a dose that is appropriate for you. Taking it with food may help reduce stomach upset. Do not assume that taking more will work better, as higher amounts can increase the chance of side effects.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Acetyl-l-carnitine & Pregnancy

Insufficient reliable information

Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.

Acetyl-l-carnitine & Breastfeeding

Insufficient reliable information

Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.

DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.

© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center

Pregnancy & lactation ratings: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center

References & further reading

The 22 references that drive our Acetyl-l-carnitine monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

  1. Thal LJ, Carta A, Clarke WR, et al. A 1-year multicenter placebo-controlled study of acetyl-L-carnitine in patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1996;47:705-11. PubMed
  2. Sano M, Bell K, Cote L, et al. Double-blind parallel design pilot study of acetyl levocarnitine in patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Arch Neurol 1992;49:1137-41. PubMed
  3. Spagnoli A, Lucca U, Menasce G, et al. Long-term acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1991;41:1726-32. PubMed
  4. Brooks JO 3rd, Yesavage JA, Carta A, Bravi D. Acetyl L-carnitine slows decline in younger patients with Alzheimer's disease: a reanalysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled study using the trilinear approach. Int Psychoger 1998;10:193-203. PubMed
  5. Pettegrew JW, Klunk WE, Panchalingam K, et al. Clinical and neurochemical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 1995;16:1-4. PubMed
  6. Rai G, Wright G, Scott L, et al. Double-blind, placebo controlled study of acetyl-l-carnitine in patients with Alzheimer's dementia. Curr Med Res Opin 1990;11:638-47. PubMed
  7. Benvenga S, Ruggeri RM, Russo A, et al. Usefulness of L-carnitine, a naturally occurring peripheral antagonist of thyroid hormone action, in iatrogenic hyperthyroidism: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Endocrinol Meta
  8. Montgomery SA, Thal LJ, Amrein R. Meta-analysis of double blind randomized controlled clinical trials of acetyl-L-carnitine versus placebo in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2003;18:61-71.. PubMed
  9. Martinez E, Domingo P, Roca-Cusachs A. Potentiation of acenocoumarol action by L-carnitine. J Intern Med 1993;233:94.
  10. Hudson S, Tabet N. Acetyl-L-carnitine for dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;2:CD003158.. PubMed
  11. Bachmann HU, Hoffmann A. Interaction of food supplement L-carnitine with oral anticoagulant acenocoumarol. Swiss Med Wkly 2004;134:385. PubMed
  12. De Grandis D, Minardi C. Acetyl-L-carnitine (levacecarnine) in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. A long-term, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Drugs R D 2002;3:223-31. PubMed
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  14. Sima AAF, Calvani M, Mehra M, et al. Acetyl-L-carnitine improves pain, nerve regeneration, and vibratory perception in patients with chronic diabetic neuropathy: An analysis of two randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Diabetes Care 2005;28:89-94.
  15. Youle, M. and Osio, M. A double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, multicentre study of acetyl L-carnitine in the symptomatic treatment of antiretroviral toxic neuropathy in patients with HIV-1 infection. HIV.Med. 2007;8(4):241-250.
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This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

Product directory

Supplement products with Acetyl-l-carnitine

2,264 products in our database contain Acetyl-l-carnitine. Open any to see its full ingredient list and every drug interaction we check.

#Shatter SX-7 Black Onyx Neuro Watermelon Fusion by MuscleTech Powder 11.31 oz. · 321 Gram(s) View ingredients & interactions 1-Db Goddess by 1st Phorm Capsule 80 Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 1-Db Overdrive by 1st Phorm Capsule 80 Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 100% Pure Acetyl L-Carnitine by NutraBio Powder 150 Gram(s) · 5.3 oz. View ingredients & interactions 100% Pure Acetyl L-Carnitine by NutraBio Powder 500 Gram(s) · 1.1 lbs View ingredients & interactions 212 Degrees Thermo Passion Melon Punch by Axe & Sledge Supplements Powder 180 Gram(s) · 6.35 Ounce(s) View ingredients & interactions 212 Degrees Thermo Sweet Heat Spicy Mango by Axe & Sledge Supplements Powder 189 Gram(s) · 6.67 Ounce(s) View ingredients & interactions 24+ by Neuro Motiv8 Capsule 60 Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 24K by Reliv Powder 10.6 Ounce(s) View ingredients & interactions 24K by Reliv Liquid 30 fl. Oz. · 1 pt. · 14 fl. Oz. · 887 mL View ingredients & interactions 24K Mixed Berry Flavor by Reliv Powder 10.6 Ounce(s) View ingredients & interactions 360 Extreme Energy Memory & Focus 18 in 1 Advanced Complex by KAPPA NUTRITION Capsule 4 Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions 7-KETO LeanGels 100 mg by Protocol For Life Balance Softgel Capsule 60 Softgel(s) View ingredients & interactions 7-KETO LeanGels 100 mg by NOW Softgel Capsule 120 Softgel(s) View ingredients & interactions 7-KETO LeanGels 100 mg by NOW Softgel Capsule 60 Softgel(s) View ingredients & interactions 7-KETO LeanGels 100 mg by Protocol For Life Balance Softgel Capsule 60 Softgel(s) View ingredients & interactions 7-KetoTrim by Country Life Capsule 60 Vegetarian Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions A.M. Activator by ProCaps Laboratories Capsule 180 Easy-To-Swallow Capsule(s) View ingredients & interactions ABCD Australian Gummy Snakes by Core Nutritionals Powder 11.4 oz. · 323 Gram(s) View ingredients & interactions ABCD Australian Gummy Snakes by Core Nutritionals Powder 11.4 Ounce(s) · 323 Gram(s) View ingredients & interactions ABCD Lemon Drop by Core Nutritionals Powder 323 Gram(s) · 11.4 Ounce(s) View ingredients & interactions ABCD Sweet Tea by Core Nutritionals Powder 300 Gram(s) · 10.58 Ounce(s) View ingredients & interactions ABCD Sweet Tea by Core Nutritionals Powder 10.58 Ounce(s) · 300 Gram(s) View ingredients & interactions ABCD White Grape by Core Nutritionals Powder 11.4 oz. · 323 Gram(s) View ingredients & interactions
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Acetyl-l-carnitine: Common Questions

What is Acetyl-l-carnitine used for, and does it work?
People use Acetyl-l-carnitine for many reasons, but the evidence varies by use. According to the Natural Medicines database, there is at least some clinical evidence supporting Acetyl-l-carnitine for Age-related cognitive decline, Alcohol use disorder, Alzheimer disease and Depression. For most other uses it has been studied for, the evidence is currently insufficient to rate. See the graded list on this page, and always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor.
Does Acetyl-l-carnitine interact with prescription medications?
Yes. We list 203 medications with a known interaction with Acetyl-l-carnitine. Use the checker above to see how Acetyl-l-carnitine interacts with a specific drug.
How are Acetyl-l-carnitine interactions rated?
Each interaction is graded major, moderate, or minor based on how clinically significant it is and the strength of the evidence behind it. Major interactions are the most serious and are best avoided, or used only under close professional supervision.
Is it safe to take Acetyl-l-carnitine with my medications?
It depends on the specific medication. Some combinations are fine, while others call for monitoring, timing changes, or should be avoided. Check your exact drug above and confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing anything.
Where does this Acetyl-l-carnitine interaction information come from?
Our interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database — an evidence-graded reference for vitamins, herbs, and supplements — and is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists, who may add clinical context.
What is Acetyl-l-carnitine used for?
People most commonly take it to support memory and brain function, nerve pain, energy, and healthy aging. The evidence is strongest (though still mixed) for certain types of nerve pain, and weaker for most other uses.
Is Acetyl-l-carnitine the same as L-carnitine?
They are closely related. Acetyl-l-carnitine has an extra acetyl group that may help it reach the brain more easily, while L-carnitine is more often used for general energy and heart-related uses.
Is Acetyl-l-carnitine safe to take every day?
It is generally well tolerated for short-term daily use in studies, but its long-term safety is not fully known. Talk with your pharmacist or doctor before taking it regularly, especially if you have a health condition.
Can I take Acetyl-l-carnitine while pregnant or breastfeeding?
There is not enough reliable safety information, so it is best to avoid it during pregnancy and breastfeeding unless your doctor specifically advises otherwise.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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