Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Acetyl-Choline Brain Food Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by NS Natural Stacks

Acetyl-Choline Brain Food label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Acetyl-Choline Brain Food against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Acetyl-Choline Brain Food is a dietary supplement by NS Natural Stacks with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for preventing or treating thiamine deficiency, beriberi, wernicke-korsakoff syndrome (alcohol-related).Based on those ingredients, 905 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are White Peony root extract, Acetyl L-Carnitine HCl, Alpha-Glycerolphosphocholine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Acetyl-Choline Brain Food by NS Natural Stacks

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Acetyl-Choline Brain Food by NS Natural Stacks — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Acetyl-Choline Brain Food by NS Natural Stacks

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 12, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 5 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This product contains five active ingredients. Thiamine (vitamin B1) supports energy production and nerve function.

Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) is involved in breaking down nutrients and making certain hormones. Acetyl L-carnitine is an amino acid derivative that plays a role in energy metabolism and may support brain function.

White peony root extract is a traditional botanical used in herbal formulas. Alpha-glycerolphosphocholine (alpha-GPC) is a compound derived from soy or eggs that supports brain cell membranes.

The capsules also contain inactive ingredients including hypromellose, silica, and ascorbyl palmitate.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: mental clarity and cognitive support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer disease, Cognitive function, Dementia, attention and focus, neurotransmitter support.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Acetyl-l-carnitine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Age-related cognitive decline (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Acetyl-l-carnitine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Alzheimer disease.
  • Also on file: Alpha-gpc is rated "Possibly Effective" for Alzheimer disease.

The evidence varies by ingredient. Thiamine is proven effective for thiamine deficiency and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (a serious brain condition from thiamine lack); it's possibly effective for period pain but possibly ineffective as a mosquito repellent or for heart failure.

Pantothenic acid is effective for pantothenic acid deficiency; evidence for other uses like hay fever and hair loss is insufficient. Acetyl L-carnitine is possibly effective for age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, alcohol use disorder, nerve damage from diabetes, and depression.

Alpha-GPC is possibly effective for Alzheimer's disease; evidence for cognitive function, stroke recovery, and vascular dementia is insufficient. White peony root extract's effectiveness is not established in our data — all listed uses show insufficient evidence.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Thiamine Pantothenic Acid Acetyl-l-carnitine Peony Alpha-gpc

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Thiamine is generally very safe by mouth at normal doses; rarely it may cause skin reactions or allergic responses. Pantothenic acid is considered well tolerated at typical supplement doses, with diarrhea reported rarely when taken orally.

Acetyl L-carnitine is generally well tolerated short-term, though long-term safety isn't fully established; reported side effects include agitation, dry mouth, headache, insomnia, reduced appetite, and a fishy odor to urine, breath, or sweat, and in some people with Alzheimer's disease, psychiatric symptoms like depression or confusion. White peony root extract is generally well tolerated short-term, but high-quality safety data are limited; it may cause gastrointestinal upset (nausea, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort) and rarely skin irritation.

Alpha-GPC is generally well tolerated but long-term safety isn't fully established; rarely it causes dizziness, headache, insomnia, nausea, or vomiting, and long-term use has been associated with increased stroke risk.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Thiamine Pantothenic Acid Acetyl-l-carnitine Peony Alpha-gpc

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Peony, Acetyl-l-carnitine, Thiamine, Alpha-gpc.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs.
  • For scale: 906 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take this, double-check with your pharmacist if you're on serotonergic drugs like antidepressants or migraine medications (Moderate risk of serotonin syndrome), blood thinners such as warfarin or antiplatelet agents (Moderate risk of increased bleeding), hormone-based contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy (Moderate risk of interference or added estrogenic effects), thyroid hormone replacement (Moderate risk of reduced effectiveness), the seizure drug phenytoin, or medications broken down by CYP1A2 or CYP3A4 enzymes in your liver (including clozapine). Alpha-GPC may partially counteract scopolamine patches used for motion sickness (Minor).

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This is a multi-ingredient brain-support product with some serious documented interactions, especially with serotonergic medications, blood thinners, hormone therapy, and seizure drugs. If you're on any prescription medication — particularly antidepressants, psychiatric drugs, anticoagulants, contraceptives, or thyroid or seizure treatment — talk to your pharmacist before starting this product.

People without those medications may find the ingredient profile helpful for cognitive support, though evidence varies.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Sep 22, 2022.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Acetyl-Choline Brain Food, straight from the product label.

Brand NS Natural Stacks
Barcode (UPC) 692232540692
Net contents 15 Vegetarian Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Sep 22, 2022
DSLD ID 274263
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Acetyl-Choline Brain Food by NS Natural Stacks, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
3 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
3 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
5
UPC/BARCODE
692232540692
IngredientAmount% DV
Thiamine64 mg5333%
Pantothenic Acid287 mg5740%
Acetyl L-Carnitine HCl319 mg--
White Peony root extract383 mg--
Alpha-Glycerolphosphocholine192 mg--

Other ingredients: Hypromellose, Silica, Ascorbyl Palmitate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: Take 3 capsules. Do not exceed 8 capsules per day.

Precautions

Warning: Consult a healthcare practitioner if you are pregnant/nursing, have or suspect a medical condition, or are taking any medications.

Keep out of reach of children.

Do not exceed 8 capsules per day.

Formulation

Daytime support for: Mental clarity

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Acetyl-Choline Brain Food by NS Natural Stacks label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Acetyl-Choline Brain Food label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Acetyl-Choline Brain Food by NS Natural Stacks

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size3 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container5 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Thiamine

Interacts with
3 drugs
64 mg per serving Form: Thiamine Hydrochloride, Vitamin B1

Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential nutrient your body needs to turn food into energy and to keep your nerves and heart healthy. Most people get eno...

Thiamine monograph & interactions

Pantothenic Acid

No known
interactions
287 mg per serving Form: Calcium D-Pantothenate

Pantothenic acid is vitamin B5, an essential nutrient your body uses to turn food into energy. True deficiency is very rare because it is found in nea...

Pantothenic Acid monograph & interactions

Acetyl L-Carnitine HCl

Interacts with
203 drugs
319 mg per serving

Acetyl-L-carnitine is a form of the amino acid carnitine that the body uses to help produce energy in cells. It is most studied for nerve pain and mem...

Acetyl L-Carnitine HCl monograph & interactions

White Peony root extract

Interacts with
811 drugs
383 mg per serving Form: Paeoniflorin

Peony root is a traditional Chinese medicine herb often used for menstrual problems, cramps, and inflammation, frequently as part of combination formu...

White Peony root extract monograph & interactions

Alpha-Glycerolphosphocholine

Interacts with
16 drugs
192 mg per serving

Alpha-GPC is a choline-containing compound used mainly for memory, brain health, and as a choline source. There is some evidence it may help cognition...

Alpha-Glycerolphosphocholine monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Hypromellose, Silica, Ascorbyl Palmitate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Acetyl-Choline Brain Food by NS Natural Stacks Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Acetyl-Choline Brain Food?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
905Drugs
892 Moderate 13 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

White Peony root extract 811
Acetyl L-Carnitine HCl 203
Alpha-Glycerolphosphocholine 16
Thiamine 3

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Acetyl-Choline Brain Food interact with 905 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 5 ingredients in Acetyl-Choline Brain Food interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. White Peony root extract Acetyl L-Carnitine HCl Alpha-Glycerolphosphocholine Thiamine

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Acetyl-Choline Brain Food with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

White Peony root extract7 drug types · 811 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, combining peony with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might increase the risk of bleeding.
In vitro research suggests that peony might have antiplatelet, anticoagulant, and antithrombotic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Clozapine (Clozaril)

Theoretically, peony might increase the levels and clinical effects of clozapine.
In vitro research shows that peony suppresses the metabolism of clozapine via weak-to-moderate inhibitory effects on cytochromes P450 (CYP) 1A2 and CYP3A4. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Theoretically, peony might interfere with contraceptive drugs due to competition for estrogen receptors.
In vitro and animal research shows that peony extract has estrogenic activity. Concomitant use might also increase the risk for estrogen-related adverse effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, use of peony may increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that peony suppresses the metabolism of clozapine via weak-to-moderate inhibitory effects on CYP1A2 and CYP3A4. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, use of peony may increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that peony suppresses the metabolism of clozapine via weak-to-moderate inhibitory effects on CYP1A2 and CYP3A4. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of peony might interfere with hormone replacement therapy and/or increase the risk for estrogen-related adverse effects.
In vitro and animal research shows that peony extract has estrogenic activity. Theoretically, peony might compete for estrogen receptors and/or cause additive estrogenic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Theoretically, peony might reduce the levels and clinical effects of phenytoin.
Animal research shows that taking peony root reduces levels of phenytoin. Some researchers suggest that peony root might affect cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9, which metabolizes phenytoin. However, preliminary research in humans shows that peony root does not alter levels of losartan (Cozaar), which is also metabolized by CYP2C9.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
White Peony root extract full monograph & interactions

Acetyl L-Carnitine HCl4 drug types · 203 drugs

Acenocoumarol (Sintrom)

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of acetyl-L-carnitine, might enhance the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, an oral anticoagulant that is similar to warfarin, but shorter-acting. There are at least two case reports of INR elevation when L-carnitine was taken with acenocoumarol. In one case, a 33-year-old male with a previously stable INR had an elevated INR of 4.65 after L-carnitine was started and continued for 10 weeks. INR normalized after discontinuation of the L-carnitine-containing product. It is unclear if such an interaction would also occur with acetyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Serotonergic Drugs

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the risk of serotonergic side effects, including serotonin syndrome and cerebral vasoconstrictive disorders, when taken with serotonergic drugs.
Animal research shows that acetyl-L-carnitine can increase levels of serotonin in the brain.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might decrease the effectiveness of thyroid hormone replacement.
L-carnitine appears to act as a peripheral thyroid hormone antagonist by inhibiting entry of thyroid hormone into the nucleus of cells. Taking L-carnitine also seems to diminish some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. It is unclear if such an interaction would occur with acetyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of acetyl-L-carnitine, might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, a shorter-acting oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin. There is not enough information to know whether this interaction occurs with acetyl-L-carnitine and warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Acetyl L-Carnitine HCl full monograph & interactions

Alpha-Glycerolphosphocholine1 drug type · 16 drugs

Scopolamine (Transderm Scop)

Theoretically, alpha-GPC might decrease the effects of scopolamine.
A small clinical study shows that alpha-GPC can partially counteract the attention and memory impairment effects caused by scopolamine given intramuscularly. Whether alpha-GPC can decrease the beneficial anti-motion sickness effects of the scopolamine patch (Transderm Scop) is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Alpha-Glycerolphosphocholine full monograph & interactions

Thiamine1 drug type · 3 drugs

Trimethoprim (Proloprim)

Trimethoprim might increase blood levels of thiamine.
In vitro, animal, and clinical research suggest that trimethoprim inhibits intestinal thiamine transporter ThTR-2, hepatic transporter OCT1, and renal transporters OCT2, MATE1, and MATE2, resulting in paradoxically increased thiamine plasma concentrations.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Thiamine full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Acetyl-Choline Brain Food, from the product label.

NS Natural Stacks

See all NS Natural Stacks products
Name
NS 360, Inc.
Street Address
4241 24th Ave W
City
Seattle
State
WA
ZipCode
98199
Phone Number
1-855-678-2257
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Acetyl-Choline Brain Food by NS Natural Stacks: Common Questions

Does Acetyl-Choline Brain Food by NS Natural Stacks interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Acetyl-Choline Brain Food has a known interaction with 905 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Acetyl-Choline Brain Food contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe to take if I'm pregnant?
Thiamine is likely safe in pregnancy, though use supplement doses only as your doctor advises. Pantothenic acid is likely safe at dietary and prenatal-vitamin amounts. Acetyl L-carnitine, white peony root, and alpha-GPC lack enough safety data — the data advises against peony root specifically in pregnancy, and the other two aren't well studied. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this product while pregnant.
Is this safe while breastfeeding?
Thiamine and pantothenic acid are likely safe at normal amounts while breastfeeding. Acetyl L-carnitine and alpha-GPC don't have enough safety information — it's safer to avoid them. White peony root also lacks reliable breastfeeding data. Consult your pharmacist or doctor before using this product if you're nursing.
What does each ingredient actually do?
Thiamine helps your body produce energy and supports nerve health. Pantothenic acid helps break down nutrients and make hormones. Acetyl L-carnitine supports energy in cells and may help brain function. White peony root is a traditional botanical ingredient. Alpha-GPC supports the structure of brain cell membranes.
Will this actually help my memory or brain fog?
Acetyl L-carnitine and alpha-GPC are possibly effective for Alzheimer's disease and age-related cognitive decline. For general brain fog or memory in otherwise healthy people, the evidence isn't established in our data. Thiamine, pantothenic acid, and white peony root don't have proven effectiveness for cognition.
Are there fillers in this?
Yes, the capsules contain hypromellose, silica, and ascorbyl palmitate — these are inactive ingredients that help make the supplement.
What side effects might I notice?
Most of these ingredients are well tolerated, but acetyl L-carnitine can cause agitation, dry mouth, headache, insomnia, or a fishy odor to urine and sweat. White peony root may cause nausea, diarrhea, or stomach upset. Alpha-GPC rarely causes dizziness, headache, or insomnia. Stop and contact your doctor if you notice anything concerning.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Acetyl-Choline Brain Food label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Acetyl-Choline Brain Food’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Thiamine

Interacts with 3 drugs

Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential nutrient your body needs to turn food into energy and to keep your nerves and heart healthy. Most people get enough from food, but supplements are clear...

Read the full Thiamine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Pantothenic Acid

Pantothenic acid is vitamin B5, an essential nutrient your body uses to turn food into energy. True deficiency is very rare because it is found in nearly all foods, and most people meet thei...

Read the full Pantothenic Acid monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Acetyl-l-carnitine

Interacts with 203 drugs

Acetyl-L-carnitine is a form of the amino acid carnitine that the body uses to help produce energy in cells. It is most studied for nerve pain and memory-related conditions, though the evide...

Read the full Acetyl-l-carnitine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Peony

Interacts with 811 drugs

Peony root is a traditional Chinese medicine herb often used for menstrual problems, cramps, and inflammation, frequently as part of combination formulas. Human evidence for most uses is lim...

Read the full Peony monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Alpha-gpc

Interacts with 16 drugs

Alpha-GPC is a choline-containing compound used mainly for memory, brain health, and as a choline source. There is some evidence it may help cognition in people with dementia, but evidence i...

Read the full Alpha-gpc monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Acetyl-Choline Brain Food's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 59 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Thiamine 7 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Yates AA, Schlicker SA, Suitor CW. Dietary reference intakes: The new basis for recommendations for calcium and related nutrients, B vitamins, and choline. J Am Diet Assoc 1998;98:699-706. PubMed
  3. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline (2000). Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000. Available at: http://b
  4. Rogovik, A. L., Vohra, S., and Goldman, R. D. Safety considerations and potential interactions of vitamins: should vitamins be considered drugs? Ann.Pharmacother. 2010;44(2):311-324. PubMed
  5. Arruti N, Bernedo N, Audicana MT, Villarreal O, Uriel O, Muñoz D. Systemic allergic dermatitis caused by thiamine after iontophoresis. Contact Dermatitis. 2013 Dec;69(6):375-6. PubMed
  6. Thiamine hydrochloride injection package insert. Lake Zurich, IL: Fresenius Kabi, LLC; September 2019.
  7. Vora B, Wen A, Yee SW, et al. The Effect of Trimethoprim on Thiamine Absorption: A Transporter-Mediated Drug-Nutrient Interaction. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2023;114(2):381-392.

See these in context on the Thiamine monograph →

Pantothenic Acid 11 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Yates AA, Schlicker SA, Suitor CW. Dietary reference intakes: The new basis for recommendations for calcium and related nutrients, B vitamins, and choline. J Am Diet Assoc 1998;98:699-706. PubMed
  3. Debourdeau PM, Djezzar S, Estival JL, et al. Life-threatening eosinophilic pleuropericardial effusion related to vitamins B5 and H. Ann Pharmacother 2001;35:424-6. DOI
  4. Schmuth, M., Wimmer, M. A., Hofer, S., Sztankay, A., Weinlich, G., Linder, D. M., Elias, P. M., Fritsch, P. O., and Fritsch, E. Topical corticosteroid therapy for acute radiation dermatitis: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Br.J.Dermatol. 2 PubMed
  5. Schreck, U., Paulsen, F., Bamberg, M., and Budach, W. Intraindividual comparison of two different skin care conceptions in patients undergoing radiotherapy of the head-and-neck region. Creme or powder? Strahlenther.Onkol. 2002;178(6):321-329. PubMed
  6. Herbst, R. A., Uter, W., Pirker, C., Geier, J., and Frosch, P. J. Allergic and non-allergic periorbital dermatitis: patch test results of the Information Network of the Departments of Dermatology during a 5-year period. Contact Dermatitis 2004;51(1):13-1 PubMed
  7. Champault, G. and Patel, J. C. [Treatment of constipation with Bepanthene]. Med.Chir Dig. 1977;6(1):57-59.
  8. Scott LN, Fiume M, Bergfeld WF, et al. Safety Assessment of Panthenol, Pantothenic Acid, and Derivatives as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2022;41(3_suppl):77-128. PubMed
  9. Han J, Warshaw EM. Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Panthenol in "Hypoallergenic" Products. Dermatitis 2023;34(1):62-63. PubMed
  10. Blanchard G, Kerre S, Walker A, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis from pantolactone and dexpanthenol in wound healing creams. Contact Dermatitis 2022;87(5):468-471. PubMed
  11. Peltier E, Trapp S, de Salvo R, et al. A new dexpanthenol-containing liquid cleanser for atopic-prone skin: Results from two prospective clinical studies evaluating cutaneous tolerability, moisturization potential, and effects on barrier function. J Cosme PubMed

See these in context on the Pantothenic Acid monograph →

Acetyl-l-carnitine 22 references
  1. Thal LJ, Carta A, Clarke WR, et al. A 1-year multicenter placebo-controlled study of acetyl-L-carnitine in patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1996;47:705-11. PubMed
  2. Sano M, Bell K, Cote L, et al. Double-blind parallel design pilot study of acetyl levocarnitine in patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Arch Neurol 1992;49:1137-41. PubMed
  3. Spagnoli A, Lucca U, Menasce G, et al. Long-term acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1991;41:1726-32. PubMed
  4. Brooks JO 3rd, Yesavage JA, Carta A, Bravi D. Acetyl L-carnitine slows decline in younger patients with Alzheimer's disease: a reanalysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled study using the trilinear approach. Int Psychoger 1998;10:193-203. PubMed
  5. Pettegrew JW, Klunk WE, Panchalingam K, et al. Clinical and neurochemical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 1995;16:1-4. PubMed
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See these in context on the Alpha-gpc monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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