Propolis Ginger Throat Spray Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Propolis Ginger Throat Spray against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Propolis Ginger Throat Spray is a dietary supplement by Bee&You Plus+ with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for nausea and vomiting, motion sickness, morning sickness in pregnancy.Based on those ingredients, 1,075 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Ginger, Bee Propolis, Honey, Raw. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Propolis Ginger Throat Spray by Bee&You Plus+
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray by Bee&You Plus+ — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
Ask the Pharmacist
A licensed pharmacist will answer your question by email — free, usually within 24 hours.
Got it — thank you!
A licensed pharmacist will answer within 24 hours. Keep an eye on your email (worth checking spam, just in case).
HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Propolis Ginger Throat Spray by Bee&You Plus+
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This spray contains three active ingredients. Ginger is included for its warming and soothing properties in the throat.
Honey is a traditional throat soother and cough aid. Bee propolis is a resinous substance gathered by honeybees, valued for its immune-supporting and mouth-healing effects.
The spray also contains inactive ingredients like propolis extract, ginger extract, and menthol to deliver the active components.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
Ginger in this spray may help with pregnancy-related nausea and vomiting, period pain, and osteoarthritis, though evidence is modest. It's unlikely to help much with exercise soreness or chemotherapy nausea.
Honey has some evidence for soothing coughs, cold sores, mouth sores, minor burns, and dry eye. Propolis shows promise for mouth sores and cold sores, and may support blood sugar control in diabetes—though for that last one, the evidence is limited.
For a throat spray specifically, the honey and propolis combination leans toward soothing and mouth healing rather than systemic effects.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Ginger is generally well tolerated at typical doses, though amounts above 5 grams per day raise the risk of side effects like heartburn, diarrhea, and throat irritation. Common mild effects include burping, abdominal discomfort, and a peppery sensation in the mouth.
Honey is safe for adults and children over 1 year, though it may rarely cause nausea or stomach upset, and topically can sting or burn. Propolis is generally well tolerated but can trigger headaches in some users and allergic reactions in people sensitive to bee products—contact dermatitis and mouth ulcers have been reported with propolis-containing products.
If you're allergic to bees or bee products, this spray is not for you.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Check with your doctor or pharmacist before using this spray if you take blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (warfarin, aspirin, clopidogrel), diabetes medications, blood pressure drugs like losartan, the heart medication nifedipine, the seizure drug phenytoin, or any medication broken down by your liver. The ginger and propolis can alter how these drugs work, raising the risk of bleeding, low blood sugar, or drug toxicity.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This spray may ease throat soreness and coughs through honey and propolis, with ginger adding warmth and anti-inflammatory support. If you take blood thinners, diabetes drugs, heart medications, or any prescription processed by your liver, talk to your doctor or pharmacist before using it—the interactions are real and worth checking.
Anyone with a bee or propolis allergy should avoid it entirely.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 3 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Nov 22, 2022.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Propolis Ginger Throat Spray, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Bee&You Plus+ |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 190853003072 |
| Net contents | 1 Fluid Ounce(s); 30 mL |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Nov 22, 2022 |
| DSLD ID | 276375 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Liquid |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Children 4 or More Years of Age, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Kosher, Gluten Free, Children more than 1 but less than 4 |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Propolis Ginger Throat Spray by Bee&You Plus+, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Ginger | 140 mg | -- |
| Honey, Raw | 120 mg | -- |
| Bee Propolis | 140 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Propolis extract, Ginger extract, Menthol
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Precautions
Caution: Avoid spraying into eyes.
Unsuitable for infants under 1 year old. Keep out reach of children.
People allergic to bee products may experience allergic reactions.
If you are lactating or pregnant, consult your healthcare professional before use.
Caution: Avoid spraying into eyes.
Unsuitable for infants under 1 year old. Keep out reach of children.
People allergic to bee products may experience allergic reactions.
If you are lactating or pregnant, consult your healthcare professional before use.
Do not use if security seal is broken.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Formulation
Immune support Soothing Oral health Breath freshener
How do we produce our products? Our products are produced by "Contracted Beekeeping" to assure the highest quality and traceability from our hives to your table. Our products are also tested for purity, antioxidant activity and compliance with food safety standards. What is Anatolian Bee Propolis? Propolis is a natural bee product that honeybees collect from the leaves, buds and stems of the plants. Honeybees use propolis to protect their hives from fungus, bacteria and viruses. It acts as a natural protective barrier. We source our propolis from pristine Anatolian mountains which is home to 12,000 different plant species and one of the most biodiverse regions in the world.
Gluten-free Non-GMO No artificial colors No preservatives No pesticides
100% natural ingredients Sustainable beekeeping project Product of Turkey
Formula
140 mg Propolis 140 mg Ginger 120 mg Raw honey per serving
OU (Kosher)
With raw honey
Seals/Symbols
OU (Kosher)
Our products are produced in our ISO 22000, ISO 9001 and GMP certified facilities
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested Use: As a dietary supplement, take 2 sprays 4 times a day or more as needed.
Storage
Storage Conditions: Preferably store at room temperature in its original container without exposure to sunlight and excess heat.
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
General Statements
Who are we? Woman entrepreneur and food scientist Dr. Asli Samanci needed to find a solution to her son's weakened immune system. A pediatrician recommended that she try giving her son propolis. She started production of propolis for the first time for his son and subsequently developed a patented propolis extraction method. Based on this experience, she founded BEE&YOU to help those who want to support their immune system naturally.
Innovation awards
Business Registration Number: TR-34-K-125957
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Propolis Ginger Throat Spray by Bee&You Plus+ label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Propolis Ginger Throat Spray by Bee&You Plus+
These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size0.4 mL Dosage formLiquid Servings per container75 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Ginger
Interacts with1,007 drugs
Ginger is a widely used culinary spice with a long history in traditional medicine, and it has the strongest evidence for helping with nausea and vomi...
Ginger monograph & interactionsHoney, Raw
Interacts with736 drugs
Honey is a natural food with some real, modest evidence for easing coughs and helping certain wounds, especially when special medical-grade or Manuka...
Honey, Raw monograph & interactionsBee Propolis
Interacts with921 drugs
Propolis is a natural, resin-like substance made by bees that has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties in lab studies. Early research sugges...
Bee Propolis monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Propolis extract, Ginger extract, Menthol. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Propolis Ginger Throat Spray by Bee&You Plus+ Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Propolis Ginger Throat Spray by Bee&You Plus+ has documented interactions with medications, primarily through its ginger and propolis content.
The most serious concern is a moderate-severity risk of increased bleeding with blood thinners (anticoagulants) and antiplatelet drugs like warfarin and aspirin—ginger may boost the antiplatelet effect, and propolis may inhibit platelet function as well.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Ginger poses moderate interactions with diabetes medications (risk of low blood sugar), the blood pressure drug losartan, the heart medication nifedipine, drugs metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP3A4, and certain P-glycoprotein substrates. Honey carries a minor risk with blood thinners and may theoretically affect drugs broken down by CYP3A4, though research on honey is mixed.
Propolis raises theoretical concerns with multiple liver enzymes (CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and CYP2E1 substrates) at high doses, and may reduce warfarin's effectiveness.
The seizure medication phenytoin and propolis-metabolized drugs are also affected. Altogether, these interactions span 1,076 individual medications.
Check your exact prescriptions with the search tool on this page before starting the spray.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Propolis Ginger Throat Spray?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Propolis Ginger Throat Spray interact with 1,075 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
3 of the 3 ingredients in Propolis Ginger Throat Spray interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Ginger Bee Propolis Honey, Raw
ArgatrobanArgatroban
How Argatroban interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Argatroban interactionBee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Argatroban interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Argatroban interactionAripiprazoleAbilify, Abilify Maintena, Abilify Mycite
How Aripiprazole interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aripiprazole interactionGingerCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger might increase or decrease the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Ginger + Aripiprazole interactionHoney, RawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aripiprazole interactionAripiprazole LauroxilAristada, Aristada Initio Kit
How Aripiprazole Lauroxil interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger might increase or decrease the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Ginger + Aripiprazole Lauroxil interactionBee PropolisCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aripiprazole Lauroxil interactionHoney, RawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aripiprazole Lauroxil interactionArmodafinilNuvigil
How Armodafinil interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Armodafinil interactionGingerP-glycoprotein Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger might increase the absorption and blood levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates.
Read the full Ginger + Armodafinil interactionHoney, RawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Armodafinil interactionAsenapineSaphris, Secuado
How Asenapine interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Asenapine interactionGingerCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginger might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Ginger + Asenapine interactionAspirinAngettes 75, ASA, Asaphen, Aspirin, Caprin, Cartia +8 more
How Aspirin interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin interactionGingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin interactionAspirin, Aluminum Hydroxide, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin Codeine #3
How Aspirin, Aluminum Hydroxide, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Aluminum Hydroxide, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionBee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Aluminum Hydroxide, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Aluminum Hydroxide, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionAspirin, ButalbitalAxotal
How Aspirin, Butalbital interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Butalbital interactionGingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Butalbital interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Butalbital interactionAspirin, Butalbital, CaffeineFiorinal
How Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionBee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine PhosphateFiorinal w/ Codeine
How Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interactionGingerCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger might increase or decrease the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interactionHoney, RawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interactionAspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, PhenacetinMarnal
How Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Phenacetin interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Phenacetin interactionBee PropolisCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Phenacetin interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Butalbital, Caffeine, Phenacetin interactionAspirin, CaffeineAnacin
How Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Caffeine interactionGingerCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger might increase or decrease the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Caffeine interactionHoney, RawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAspirin, Caffeine, Codeine PhosphateAnacin w/ Codeine
How Aspirin, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interactionBee PropolisCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Caffeine, Codeine Phosphate interactionAspirin, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine BitartrateSynalgos DC
How Aspirin, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine Bitartrate interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine Bitartrate interactionGingerCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger might increase or decrease the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine Bitartrate interactionHoney, RawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine Bitartrate interactionAspirin, Caffeine, Dover's PwdAcedoval, Dovacet
How Aspirin, Caffeine, Dover's Pwd interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Caffeine, Dover's Pwd interactionBee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Caffeine, Dover's Pwd interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Caffeine, Dover's Pwd interactionAspirin, Caffeine, HydrocodoneDamason-P
How Aspirin, Caffeine, Hydrocodone interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Caffeine, Hydrocodone interactionGingerCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger might increase or decrease the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Caffeine, Hydrocodone interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Caffeine, Hydrocodone interactionAspirin, Caffeine, Isobutylallylbarbituric Acid, PhenacetinLanorinal
How Aspirin, Caffeine, Isobutylallylbarbituric Acid, Phenacetin interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginger might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Caffeine, Isobutylallylbarbituric Acid, Phenacetin interactionBee PropolisCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Caffeine, Isobutylallylbarbituric Acid, Phenacetin interactionHoney, RawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Caffeine, Isobutylallylbarbituric Acid, Phenacetin interactionAspirin, Caffeine, OrphenadrineInvagesic, Invagesic Forte, Norgesic, Norgesic Forte, Orphengesic, Orphengesic Forte
How Aspirin, Caffeine, Orphenadrine interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Caffeine, Orphenadrine interactionGingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Caffeine, Orphenadrine interactionHoney, RawCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Caffeine, Orphenadrine interactionAspirin, Caffeine, Phenacetin, PropoxypheneMargesic Comp. 65
How Aspirin, Caffeine, Phenacetin, Propoxyphene interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Caffeine, Phenacetin, Propoxyphene interactionBee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Caffeine, Phenacetin, Propoxyphene interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Caffeine, Phenacetin, Propoxyphene interactionAspirin, Calcium Carbonate, Magnesium Carbonate, Magnesium OxideBufferin
How Aspirin, Calcium Carbonate, Magnesium Carbonate, Magnesium Oxide interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Calcium Carbonate, Magnesium Carbonate, Magnesium Oxide interactionGingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Calcium Carbonate, Magnesium Carbonate, Magnesium Oxide interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Calcium Carbonate, Magnesium Carbonate, Magnesium Oxide interactionAspirin, CarisoprodolSoma Compound
How Aspirin, Carisoprodol interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Carisoprodol interactionBee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Carisoprodol interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Carisoprodol interactionAspirin, Carisoprodol, Codeine PhosphateSoma Compound w/ Codeine
How Aspirin, Carisoprodol, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisCytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Carisoprodol, Codeine Phosphate interactionGingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Carisoprodol, Codeine Phosphate interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Carisoprodol, Codeine Phosphate interactionAspirin, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineAlka-Seltzer Plus Cold
How Aspirin, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionBee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAspirin, Citric Acid, Sodium BicarbonateAlka-Seltzer Pain Reliever and Antacid
How Aspirin, Citric Acid, Sodium Bicarbonate interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Citric Acid, Sodium Bicarbonate interactionGingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Citric Acid, Sodium Bicarbonate interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Citric Acid, Sodium Bicarbonate interactionAspirin, Codeine PhosphateAspirin w/ Codeine
How Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate interactionBee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate interactionAspirin, Codeine Phosphate, MethocarbamolRobaxisal C
How Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Methocarbamol interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Methocarbamol interactionGingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Methocarbamol interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Methocarbamol interactionAspirin, Codeine Phosphate, PhenobarbitalPhenaphen
How Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Phenobarbital interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerCytochrome P450 2b6 (cyp2b6) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginger might increase the levels of CYP2B6 substrates.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Phenobarbital interactionBee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Phenobarbital interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Phenobarbital interactionAspirin, Diphenhydramine, PhenylpropanolamineAlka Seltzer Plus Night Time Effervescent
How Aspirin, Diphenhydramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Diphenhydramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionGingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Diphenhydramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Diphenhydramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAspirin, DipyridamoleAggrenox, Asasantin Retard
How Aspirin, Dipyridamole interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
GingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Dipyridamole interactionBee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Dipyridamole interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Dipyridamole interactionAspirin, Ethoheptazine, MeprobamateEquagesic
How Aspirin, Ethoheptazine, Meprobamate interacts with Propolis Ginger Throat Spray — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bee PropolisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Bee Propolis + Aspirin, Ethoheptazine, Meprobamate interactionGingerAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Ginger + Aspirin, Ethoheptazine, Meprobamate interactionHoney, RawAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey, Raw + Aspirin, Ethoheptazine, Meprobamate interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Propolis Ginger Throat Spray with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Ginger
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. However, research is conflicting.
Laboratory research suggests that ginger inhibits thromboxane synthetase and decreases platelet aggregation. However, this has not been demonstrated unequivocally in humans, with mixed results from clinical trials. Theoretically, excessive amounts of ginger might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking ginger with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal and human research suggests that ginger might increase insulin levels and/or decrease blood glucose levels.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Ginger might increase or decrease the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research and some case reports suggest that ginger inhibits CYP3A4 activity. Three case reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) adverse drug reaction database describe increased toxicity in patients taking ginger and cancer medications that are CYP3A4 substrates (imatinib, dabrafenib, and crizotinib). However, the causality of this interaction is unclear due to the presence of multiple interacting drugs and routes of administration.
Conversely, other in vitro research suggests that ginger induces CYP3A4 activity, leading to reduced levels of CYP3A4 substrates. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Losartan (Cozaar)
Theoretically, ginger might increase levels of losartan and the risk of hypotension.
In animal research, ginger increased the levels and hypotensive effects of a single dose of losartan. It is not clear if ginger alters the concentration or effects of losartan when taken continuously. Additionally, this interaction has not been shown in humans.
Nifedipine (Procardia)
Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and increase the risk of bleeding if used with nifedipine.
Clinical research shows that combined treatment with ginger 1 gram plus nifedipine 10 mg significantly inhibits platelet aggregation when compared to nifedipine or ginger alone.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Ginger might increase the absorption and blood levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates.
In vitro research and case reports suggest that ginger inhibits drug efflux by P-gp, potentially increasing absorption and serum levels of P-gp substrates. Two case reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) adverse drug reaction database describe increased toxicity in patients taking ginger and cancer medications that are P-gp substrates (trametinib, crizotinib). However, the causality of this interaction is unclear due to the presence of multiple interacting drugs and routes of administration.
Phenprocoumon (Marcoumar, Others)
Ginger might increase the risk of bleeding with phenprocoumon.
Phenprocoumon, a warfarin-related anticoagulant, might increase the international normalized ratio (INR) when taken with ginger. There is one case report of a 76-year-old woman with a stable INR on phenprocoumon that increased to greater than 10 when she began consuming dried ginger and ginger tea.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Ginger might increase the risk of bleeding with warfarin.
Laboratory research suggests that ginger might inhibit thromboxane synthetase and decrease platelet aggregation. In one case report, ginger increased the INR when taken with phenprocoumon, which has similar pharmacological effects as warfarin. In another case report, ginger increased the INR when taken with a combination of warfarin, hydrochlorothiazide, and acetaminophen. A longitudinal analysis suggests that taking ginger increases the risk of bleeding in patients taking warfarin for at least 4 months. However, research in healthy people suggests that ginger has no effect on INR, or the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of warfarin. Until more is known, monitor INRs closely in patients taking large amounts of ginger.
Calcium Channel Blockers
Theoretically, taking ginger with calcium channel blockers might increase the risk of hypotension.
Some animal and in vitro research suggests that ginger has hypotensive and calcium channel-blocking effects. Another animal study shows that concomitant administration of ginger and the calcium channel blocker amlodipine leads to greater reductions in blood pressure when compared with amlodipine alone.
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)
Theoretically, when taken prior to cyclosporine, ginger might decrease cyclosporine levels.
In an animal model, ginger juice taken 2 hours prior to cyclosporine administration reduced the maximum concentration and area under the curve of cyclosporine by 51% and 40%, respectively. This effect was not observed when ginger juice and cyclosporine were administered at the same time.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, ginger might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that ginger inhibits CYP1A2 activity. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (Cyp2B6) Substrates
Theoretically, ginger might increase the levels of CYP2B6 substrates.
In vitro research shows that ginger inhibits CYP2B6 activity. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, ginger might increase the levels of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that ginger inhibits CYP2C9 activity. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
Theoretically, ginger might increase levels of metronidazole.
In an animal model, ginger increased the absorption and plasma half-life of metronidazole. In addition, the elimination rate and clearance of metronidazole was significantly reduced.
Bee Propolis
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
In vitro research shows that propolis water extract and the propolis constituent, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, can inhibit platelet aggregation. Additionally, evidence from an animal model shows that taking propolis in addition to warfarin decreases INR, suggesting that propolis can decrease the effectiveness of warfarin.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that propolis extract can inhibit CYP1A2. However, animal research shows that propolis extract does not significantly affect CYP1A2 activity when administered to rats at doses up to 250 mg/kg. It is postulated that the constituents of propolis that inhibit CYP1A2 in vitro do not have significant effects in vivo due to low bioavailability and hepatic first-pass effect. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
In vitro research shows that propolis extract can inhibit CYP2C19. However, animal research shows that propolis extract does not significantly affect CYP2C19 activity when administered to rats at doses up to 250 mg/kg. It is postulated that the constituents of propolis that inhibit CYP2C19 in vitro do not have significant effects in vivo due to low bioavailability and hepatic first-pass effect. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that propolis extract can inhibit CYP2C9. However, animal research shows that propolis extract does not significantly affect CYP2C9 activity when administered to rats at doses up to 250 mg/kg. It is postulated that the constituents of propolis that inhibit CYP2C9 in vitro do not have significant effects in vivo due to low bioavailability and hepatic first-pass effect. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that propolis extract can inhibit CYP2D6. However, animal research shows that propolis extract does not significantly affect CYP2D6 activity when administered to rats at doses up to 250 mg/kg. It is postulated that the constituents of propolis that inhibit CYP2D6 in vitro do not have significant effects in vivo due to low bioavailability and hepatic first-pass effect. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2E1) Substrates
Theoretically, propolis might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
In vitro research shows that propolis can inhibit CYP2E1. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Some in vitro research shows that propolis extract can inhibit CYP3A4; however, other in vitro research shows that propolis has no effect on CYP3A4 activity. Furthermore, animal research shows that propolis extract does not significantly affect CYP3A4 activity when administered to rats at doses up to 250 mg/kg. It is postulated that the constituents of propolis that might in inhibit CYP3A4 in vitro do not have significant effects in vivo due to low bioavailability and hepatic first-pass effect. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, propolis might decrease the effectiveness of warfarin.
Animal research shows that taking propolis in addition to warfarin decreases the international normalized ratio (INR). This effect has not been reported in humans.
Honey, Raw
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Theoretically, honey might increase levels of phenytoin.
In an animal model, the rate and extent of absorption of phenytoin was increased by honey. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro, honey inhibits platelet aggregation and increases the time to clotting. Furthermore, animal research suggests that feeding mice large doses of honey for 12 days increases bleeding time when compared with no intervention. However, these effects have not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Some clinical research shows that honey induces CYP3A4. However, other clinical studies found no effect on CYP3A4 activity. Different honey preparations may have different effects on CYP3A4.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Propolis Ginger Throat Spray, from the product label.
Bee&You Plus+
See all Bee&You Plus+ products- Name
- SBS Americas Inc.
- Street Address
- 42 Broadway Suite 12-403
- City
- New York
- State
- NY
- ZipCode
- 10004
- Web Address
- www.beandyou.com
Propolis Ginger Throat Spray by Bee&You Plus+: Common Questions
Does Propolis Ginger Throat Spray by Bee&You Plus+ interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Is it safe to use this spray if I'm pregnant?
Can I use this while breastfeeding?
What side effects might I notice?
Will this spray help my sore throat and cough?
Is this safe if I'm allergic to bee products?
Does it matter if I use raw honey or pasteurized honey in a supplement?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Propolis Ginger Throat Spray is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Propolis Ginger Throat Spray’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Ginger
Interacts with 1,007 drugsGinger is a widely used culinary spice with a long history in traditional medicine, and it has the strongest evidence for helping with nausea and vomiting, including from motion sickness, pr...
Read the full Ginger monograph → Herb & supplement monographHoney
Interacts with 736 drugsHoney is a natural food with some real, modest evidence for easing coughs and helping certain wounds, especially when special medical-grade or Manuka honey is used. It is generally safe for...
Read the full Honey monograph → Herb & supplement monographPropolis
Interacts with 921 drugsPropolis is a natural, resin-like substance made by bees that has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties in lab studies. Early research suggests it may help with cold sores, mouth so...
Read the full Propolis monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Propolis Ginger Throat Spray's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 125 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Ginger 64 references
- Fischer-Rasmussen W, Kjaer SK, Dahl C, Asping U. Ginger treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1991;38:19-24. PubMed
- Jewell D, Young G. Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(2):CD000145. PubMed
- Vutyavanich T, Kraisarin T, Ruangsri R. Ginger for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2001;97:577-82. DOI
- Backon J. Ginger in preventing nausea and vomiting of pregnancy; a caveat due to its thromboxane synthetase activity and effect on testosterone binding. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1991;42:163-4. PubMed
- Srivastava KC. Effect of onion and ginger consumption on platelet thromboxane production in humans. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1989;35:183-5. PubMed
- Stewart JJ, Wood MJ, Wood CD, Mims ME. Effects of ginger on motion sickness susceptibility and gastric function. Pharmacology 1991;42:111-20. PubMed
- Smith C, Crowther C, Willson K, et al. A randomized controlled trial of ginger to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:639-45. PubMed
- Portnoi G, Chng LA, Karimi-Tabesh L, et al. Prospective comparative study of the safety and effectiveness of ginger for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003;189:1374-7.. PubMed
- Wigler I, Grotto I, Caspi D, Yaron M. The effects of Zintona EC (a ginger extract) on symptomatic gonarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2003;11:783-9. PubMed
- Ghayur MN, Gilani AH. Ginger lowers blood pressure through blockade of voltage-dependent calcium channels. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2005;45:74-80. PubMed
- Thomson M, Al-Qattan KK, Al-Sawan SM, et al. The use of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) as a potential anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic agent. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2002;67:475-8. PubMed
- Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from spices. Contact Dermatitis 1996;35:157-62. PubMed
- Akhani SP, Vishwakarma SL, Goyal RK. Anti-diabetic activity of Zingiber officinale in streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2004;56:101-5.
- Kruth P, Brosi E, Fux R, et al. Ginger-associated overanticoagulation by phenprocoumon. Ann Pharmacother 2004;38:257-60. PubMed
- Jiang X, Williams KM, Liauw WS, et al. Effect of ginkgo and ginger on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2005;59:425-32. PubMed
- Borrelli F, Capasso R, Aviello G, et al. Effectiveness and safety of ginger in the treatment of pregnancy-induced nausea and vomiting. Obstet Gynecol 2005;105:849-56. PubMed
- Smith C, Crowther C, Wilson K et al. A randomized controlled trial of ginger to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:639-45. PubMed
- Jiang X, Blair EY, McLachlan AJ. Investigation of the effects of herbal medicines on warfarin response in healthy subjects: a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling approach. J Clin Pharmacol 2006;46:1370-8. PubMed
- Chittumma P, Kaewkiattikun K, Wiriyasiriwach B. Comparison of the effectiveness of ginger and vitamin B6 for treatment of nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. J Med Assoc Thai 2007;90:15-20.
- Ozgoli G, Goli M, Moattar F. Comparison of effects of ginger, mefenamic acid, and ibuprofen on pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea. J Altern Complement Med 2009;15:129-32. PubMed
- Black CD, Herring MP, Hurley DJ, O'Connor PJ. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces muscle pain caused by eccentric exercise. J Pain 2010;11:894-903. PubMed
- Heitmann K, Nordeng H, Holst L. Safety of ginger use in pregnancy: results from a large population-based cohort study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2012 Jun 17. PubMed
- Ryan JL, Heckler CE, Roscoe JA, et al. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces acute chemotherapy-induced nausea: a URCC CCOP study of 576 patients. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20:1479-89. PubMed
- Backon J. Ginger as an antiemetic: possible side effects due to its thromboxane synthetase activity. Anaesthesia. 1991;46(8):705-6.. PubMed
- Abebe W. Herbal medication: potential for adverse interactions with analgesic drugs. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2002;27:391-401. PubMed
- Argento A, Tiraferri E, Marzaloni M. [Oral anticoagulants and medicinal plants. An emerging interaction]. Ann Ital Med Int. 2000;15:139-43.
- Young HY, Liao JC, Chang YS, et al. Synergistic effect of ginger and nifedipine on human platelet aggregation: a study in hypertensive patients and normal volunteers. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34:545-51. PubMed
- Greenway FL, Liu Z, Martin CK, et al. Safety and efficacy of NT, an herbal supplement, in treating human obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2006;30:1737-41. PubMed
- Shalansky S, Lynd L, Richardson K, et al. Risk of warfarin-related bleeding events and supratherapeutic international normalized ratios associated with complementary and alternative medicine: a longitudinal analysis. Pharmacotherapy. 2007;27:1237-47. PubMed
- Lesho EP, Saullo L, Udvari-Nagy S. A 76-year-old woman with erratic anticoagulation. Cleve Clin J Med. 2004;71:651-6. PubMed
- Okonta JM, Uboh M, Obonga WO. Herb-Drug Interaction: A Case Study of Effect of Ginger on the Pharmacokinetic of Metronidazole in Rabbit. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (India) 2008;70(230):232. PubMed
- Chiang HM, Chao PD, Hsiu SL, et al. Ginger significantly decreased the oral bioavailability of cyclosporine in rats. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34:845-55. PubMed
- Bhandari U, Kanojia R, Pillai KK. Effect of ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale on dyslipidaemia in diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005;97:227-30. PubMed
- Ojewole JA. Analgesic, antiinflammatory and hypoglycaemic effects of ethanol extract of Zingiber officinale (Roscoe) rhizomes (Zingiberaceae) in mice and rats. Phytother Res. 2006;20:764-72.
- Al-Amin ZM, Thomson M, Al-Qattan KK, et al. Anti-diabetic and hypolipidaemic properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Br J Nutr. 2006;96:660-6.
- Islam MS, Choi H. Comparative effects of dietary ginger (Zingiber officinale) and garlic (Allium sativum) investigated in a type 2 diabetes model of rats. J Med Food. 2008;11:152-9.
- Cady RK, Goldstein J, Nett R, et al. A double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study of sublingual feverfew and ginger (LipiGesic M) in the treatment of migraine. Headache 2011;51:1078-86.
- Futrell, J. M. and Rietschel, R. L. Spice allergy evaluated by results of patch tests. Cutis 1993;52(5):288-290.
- Sripramote, M. and Lekhyananda, N. A randomized comparison of ginger and vitamin B6 in the treatment of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. J Med Assoc.Thai. 2003;86(9):846-853.
- Lohsiriwat, S., Rukkiat, M., Chaikomin, R., and Leelakusolvong, S. Effect of ginger on lower esophageal sphincter pressure. J.Med.Assoc.Thai. 2010;93(3):366-372.
- Liu, P. H. and Ho, H. L. Ginger and drug bezoar induced small bowel obstruction. J R.Coll.Surg.Edinb. 1983;28(6):397-398.
- Maghbooli M, Golipour F, Moghimi Esfandabadi A, Yousefi M. Comparison between the efficacy of ginger and sumatriptan in the ablative treatment of the common migraine. Phytother Res 2014;28(3):412-5. PubMed
- Mahluji S, Attari VE, Mobasseri M, Payahoo L, Ostadrahimi A, Golzari SE. Effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on plasma glucose level, HbA1c and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2013;64(6):682-6.
- Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Talaei B, Jalali BA, Najarzadeh A, Mozayan MR. The effect of ginger powder supplementation on insulin resistance and glycemic indices in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Complement PubMed
- Paramdeep G. Efficacy and tolerability of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in patients of osteoarthritis of knee. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2013;57(2):177-83.
- Rahnama P, Montazeri A, Huseini HF, Kianbakht S, Naseri M. Effect of Zingiber officinale R. rhizomes (ginger) on pain relief in primary dysmenorrhea: a placebo randomized trial. BMC Complement Altern Med 2012;12:92. PubMed
- Viljoen E, Visser J, Koen N, Musekiwa A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect and safety of ginger in the treatment of pregnancy-associated nausea and vomiting. Nutr J 2014;13:20. PubMed
- Bartels EM, Folmer VN, Bliddal H, et al. Efficacy and safety of ginger in osteoarthritis patients: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2015;23(1):13-21. PubMed
- Choi JS, Han JY, Ahn HK, et al. Assessment of fetal and neonatal outcomes in the offspring of women who had been treated with dried ginger (Zingiberis rhizoma siccus) for a variety of illnesses during pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2015;35(2):125-30.
- Marx W, McKavanagh D, McCarthy AL, Bird R, Ried K, Chan A, Isenring L. The effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on platelet aggregation: A systematic literature review. PLoS One. 2015;10(10):e0141119. PubMed
- Crichton M, Marshall S, Marx W, McCarthy AL, Isenring E. Efficacy of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in ameliorating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and chemotherapy-related outcomes: A systematic review update and meta-analysis. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2 PubMed
- Martins LB, Rodrigues AMDS, Monteze NM, et al. Double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) in the prophylactic treatment of migraine. Cephalalgia. 2020;40(1):88-95.
- Martins LB, Rodrigues AMDS, Rodrigues DF, Dos Santos LC, Teixeira AL, Ferreira AVM. Double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) addition in migraine acute treatment. Cephalalgia. 2019;39(1):68-76.
- Ahad A, Raish M, Bin Jardan YA, Alam MA, Al-Mohizea AM, Al-Jenoobi FI. Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa and Zingiber officinale on the antihypertensive activity and pharmacokinetic of losartan in hypertensive rats. Xenobiotica. 2020:1-11.
- Okuhira H, Nakatani Y, Furukawa F, Kanazawa N. Anaphylaxis to ginger induced by herbal medicine. Allergol Int. 2020;69(1):159-160. PubMed
- Yamprasert R, Chanvimalueng W, Mukkasombut N, Itharat A. Ginger extract versus Loratadine in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020;20(1):116. PubMed
- Ebrahimzadeh A, Ebrahimzadeh A, Mirghazanfari SM, Hazrati E, Hadi S, Milajerdi A. The effect of ginger supplementation on metabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PubMed
- Alam MA, Bin Jardan YA, Alzenaidy B, et al. Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa and Zingiber officinale on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of amlodipine. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021;73(9):1151-60.
- Akbarzadeh E, Heydari M, Atarzadeh F, Jaladat AM. Chronic dysuria following ginger (Zingiber officinale) use: a case report. Galen Med J 2018;7:e1086. DOI
- Haron MH, Dale O, Martin K, et al. Evaluation of the Herb-Drug Interaction Potential of Commonly Used Botanicals on the US Market with Regard to PXR- and AhR-Mediated Influences on CYP3A4 and CYP1A2. J Diet Suppl 2022. PubMed
- Rostamkhani H, Veisi P, Niknafs B, Jafarabadi MA, Ghoreishi Z. The effect of zingiber officinale on prooxidant-antioxidant balance and glycemic control in diabetic patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis: a double-blind randomized control trial. BMC Co PubMed
- Husain I, Dale OR, Idrisi M, et al. Evaluation of the Herb-Drug Interaction (HDI) Potential of Zingiber officinale and Its Major Phytoconstituents. J Agric Food Chem. 2023;71(19):7521-7534.
- Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 189: Nausea And Vomiting Of Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;131(1):e15-e30. PubMed
- Pochet S, Lechon AS, Lescrainier C, et al. Herb-anticancer drug interactions in real life based on VigiBase, the WHO global database. Sci Rep 2022;12(1):14178. PubMed
Honey 40 references
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- Bose B. Honey or sugar in treatment of infected wounds? Lancet 1982;1:963. PubMed
- Ozhan H, Akdemir R, Yazici M, et al. Cardiac emergencies caused by honey ingestion: a single centre experience. Emerg Med J 2004;21:742-4. PubMed
- Centers for Disease Control. Botulism in the Unites Sates, 1899-1996. Handbook for epidemiologists, clinicians, and laboratory workers, 1998. Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/botulism.PDF.
- Simon A, Traynor K, Santos K, et al. Medical honey for wound care - still the 'latest resort'? Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2009;6:165-73. PubMed
- Gethin G, Cowman S. Case series of use of Manuka honey in leg ulceration. Int Wound J 2005;2:10-15. PubMed
- Ingle R, Levin J, Polinder K. Wound healing with honey - a randomised controlled trial. S Afr Med J 2006;96:831-5.
- Johnson DW, van Eps C, Mudge DW, et al. Randomized, controlled trial of topical exit-site application of honey (Medihoney) versus mupirocin for the prevention of catheter-associated infections in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:1456-62. PubMed
- Sukriti and Garg, S. K. Influence of honey on the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin in rabbits. Ind J Pharmacol 2002;34(147).
- Jung, A. and Ottosson, J. [Infantile botulism caused by honey]. Ugeskr Laeger 2001;163(2):169.
- Gunduz, A., Turedi, S., Uzun, H., and Topbas, M. Mad honey poisoning. Am J Emerg.Med 2006;24(5):595-598.
- van der Vorst, M. M., Jamal, W., Rotimi, V. O., and Moosa, A. Infant botulism due to consumption of contaminated commercially prepared honey. First report from the Arabian Gulf States. Med Princ.Pract. 2006;15(6):456-458. PubMed
- Tushar, T., Vinod, T., Rajan, S., Shashindran, C., and Adithan, C. Effect of honey on CYP3A4, CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 enzyme activity in healthy human volunteers. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2007;100(4):269-272. PubMed
- Nilforoushzadeh, M. A., Jaffary, F., Moradi, S., Derakhshan, R., and Haftbaradaran, E. Effect of topical honey application along with intralesional injection of glucantime in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. BMC Complement Altern Med 2007;7:13. PubMed
- Koca, I. and Koca, A. F. Poisoning by mad honey: a brief review. Food Chem Toxicol 2007;45(8):1315-1318. PubMed
- Akinci, S., Arslan, U., Karakurt, K., and Cengel, A. An unusual presentation of mad honey poisoning: acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 2008;129(2):e56-e58. PubMed
- Yildirim, N., Aydin, M., Cam, F., and Celik, O. Clinical presentation of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in the course of intoxication with mad honey. Am J Emerg Med 2008;26(1):108.e-2. PubMed
- Shrestha, P., Vaidya, R., and Sherpa, K. Mad honey poisoning: a rare case report of seven cases. Nepal Med Coll J 2009;11(3):212-213.
- Fetzner, L., Burhenne, J., Weiss, J., Völker, M., Unger, M., Mikus, G., and Haefeli, W. E. Daily honey consumption does not change CYP3A activity in humans. J Clin Pharmacol 2011;51(8):1223-1232. PubMed
- Thamboo, A., Thamboo, A., Philpott, C., Javer, A., and Clark, A. Single-blind study of manuka honey in allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011;40(3):238-243.
- Ahmed, A., Khan, R. A., Azim, M. K., Saeed, S. A., Mesaik, M. A., Ahmed, S., and Imran, I. Effect of natural honey on human platelets and blood coagulation proteins. Pak.J Pharm Sci 2011;24(3):389-397.
- Yarlioglues, M., Akpek, M., Ardic, I., Elcik, D., Sahin, O., and Kaya, M. G. Mad-honey sexual activity and acute inferior myocardial infarctions in a married couple. Tex.Heart Inst.J 2011;38(5):577-580.
- Biberoglu, S., Biberoglu, K., and Komsuoglu, B. Mad honey. JAMA 4-1-1988;259(13):1943.
- Biberoglu, K., Biberoglu, S., and Komsuoglu, B. Transient Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome during honey intoxication. Isr.J.Med.Sci. 1988;24(4-5):253-254.
- Gössinger, H., Hruby, K., Pohl, A., Davogg, S., Sutterlütti, G., and Mathis, G. [Poisoning with andromedotoxin-containing honey]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1983;108(41):1555-1558.
- Fenicia, L., Ferrini, A. M., Aureli, P., and Pocecco, M. A case of infant botulism associated with honey feeding in Italy. Eur J Epidemiol 1993;9(6):671-673. PubMed
- Sutlupinar, N., Mat, A., and Satganoglu, Y. Poisoning by toxic honey in Turkey. Arch.Toxicol. 1993;67(2):148-150. PubMed
- von Malottki, K. and Wiechmann, H. W. [Acute life-threatening bradycardia: food poisoning by Turkish wild honey]. Dtsch.Med.Wochenschr. 7-26-1996;121(30):936-938.
- Abdulla CO, Ayubi A, Zulfiquer F, Santhanam G, Ahmed MA, Deeb J. Infant botulism following honey ingestion. BMJ Case Rep. 2012 Sep 7;2012.
- Johnson DW, Badve SV, Pascoe EM, Beller E, Cass A, Clark C, de Zoysa J, Isbel NM, McTaggart S, Morrish AT, Playford EG, Scaria A, Snelling P, Vergara LA, Hawley CM; HONEYPOT Study Collaborative Group. Antibacterial honey for the prevention of peritoneal-d
- Matos D, Serrano P, Menezes Brandão F. A case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by propolis-enriched honey. Contact Dermatitis. 2015 Jan;72(1):59-60. PubMed
- Oduwole O, Meremikwu MM, Oyo-Ita A, Udoh EE. Honey for acute cough in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Dec 23;12:CD007094. PubMed
- Vezir E, Kaya A, Toyran M, Azkur D, Dibek Misirlioglu E, Kocabas CN. Anaphylaxis/angioedema caused by honey ingestion. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2014 Jan-Feb;35(1):71-4. PubMed
- Wang YT, Qi Y, Tang FY, et al. The effect of cupping therapy for low back pain: A meta-analysis based on existing randomized controlled trials. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2017;30(6):1187-1195. PubMed
- Oduwole O, Udoh EE, Oyo-Ita A, Meremikwu MM. Honey for acute cough in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;4:CD007094. PubMed
- Wong D, Albietz JM, Tran H, et al. Treatment of contact lens related dry eye with antibacterial honey. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2017;40(6):389-393. PubMed
- Martina SJ, Ramar LAP, Silaban MRI, Luthfi M, Govindan PAP. Antiplatelet Effectivity between Aspirin with Honey on Cardiovascular Disease Based on Bleeding Time Taken on Mice. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Oct 14;7(20):3416-3420. PubMed
- Jhawar N, Gonzalez-Estrada A. Honey-induced anaphylaxis in an adult. QJM 2022;115(5):325-326. PubMed
- Di Costanzo M, De Paulis N, Peveri S, Montagni M, Berni Canani R, Biasucci G. Anaphylaxis caused by artisanal honey in a child: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2021;15(1):235. PubMed
Propolis 21 references
- Hay KD, Greig DE. Propolis allergy: a cause of oral mucositis with ulceration. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1990;70:584-6. PubMed
- Li YJ, Lin JL, Yang CW, Yu CC. Acute renal failure induced by a Brazilian variety of propolis. Am J Kidney Dis 2005;46:e125-9. PubMed
- Jensen CD, Andersen KE. Allergic contact dermatitis from cera alba (purified propolis) in a lip balm and candy. Contact Dermatitis 2006;55:312-3. PubMed
- Chen, T. G., Lee, J. J., Lin, K. H., Shen, C. H., Chou, D. S., and Sheu, J. R. Antiplatelet activity of caffeic acid phenethyl ester is mediated through a cyclic GMP-dependent pathway in human platelets. Chin J Physiol 6-30-2007;50(3):121-126.
- Hsu, C. Y., Chiang, W. C., Weng, T. I., Chen, W. J., and Yuan, A. Laryngeal edema and anaphalactic shock after topical propolis use for acute pharyngitis. Am J Emerg.Med 2004;22(5):432-433. PubMed
- Black, R. J. Vulval eczema associated with propolis sensitization from topical therapies treated successfully with pimecrolimus cream. Clin Exp.Dermatol. 2005;30(1):91-92. PubMed
- Matos D, Serrano P, Brandao FM. A case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by propolis-enriched honey. Contact Dermatitis 2015;72(1):59-60. PubMed
- Naramoto K, Kato M, Ichihara K. Effects of an ethanol extract of Brazilian green propolis on human cytochrome P450 enzyme activities in vitro. J Agric Food Chem 2014;62(46):11296-302. PubMed
- Nyman G, Hagvall L. A case of allergic contact cheilitis caused by propolis and honey. Contact Dermatitis 2016;74(3):186-7. PubMed
- Ryu CS, Oh SJ, Oh JM, et al. Inhibition of cytochrome P450 by propolis in human liver microsomes. Toxicol Res 2016;32(3):207-13. PubMed
- Akbay E, Özenirler Ç, Çelemli ÖG, Durukan AB, Onur MA, Sorkun K. Effects of propolis on warfarin efficacy. Kardiochir Torakochirurgia Pol. 2017;14(1):43-46. PubMed
- Lamoureux A, Meharon M, Durand AL, Darrigade AS, Doutre MS, Milpied B. A first case of erythema multiforme-like contact dermatitis caused by propolis. Contact Dermatitis. 2017;77(4):263-264. PubMed
- Piredda M, Facchinetti G, Biagioli V, et al. Propolis in the prevention of oral mucositis in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy: A pilot randomised controlled trial. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2017;26(6). PubMed
- Zhang YX, Yang TT, Xia L, Zhang WF, Wang JF, Wu YP. Inhibitory Effect of Propolis on Platelet Aggregation In Vitro. J Healthc Eng. 2017;2017:3050895. PubMed
- Nyman GSA, Tang M, Inerot A, Osmancevic A, Malmberg P, Hagvall L. Contact allergy to beeswax and propolis among patients with cheilitis or facial dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2019;81(2):110-6. PubMed
- Igarashi G, Segawa T, Akiyama N, et al. Efficacy of Brazilian propolis supplementation for japanese lactating women for atopic sensitization and nonspecific symptoms in their offspring: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Evid Based Comp PubMed
- Soleimani D, Rezaie M, Rajabzadeh F, et al. Protective effects of propolis on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) evaluated by real-time two-dimensional shear wave elastography: a randomized clinical
- D'Ercole MC. Prolonged use of propolis can increase liver enzymes. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2020;29(3):468-9. PubMed
- Cho E, Lee JD, Cho SH. Systemic contact dermatitis from propolis ingestion. Ann Dermatol. 2011;23(1):85-88. PubMed
- Hallajzadeh J, Milajerdi A, Amirani E, Attari VE, Maghsoudi H, Mirhashemi SM. Effects of propolis supplementation on glycemic status, lipid profiles, inflammation and oxidative stress, liver enzymes, and body weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Gheflati A, Dehnavi Z, Ghannadzadeh Yazdi A, Khorasanchi Z, Raeisi-Dehkordi H, Ranjbar G. The effects of propolis supplementation on metabolic parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Avicenna J Phytomed
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC