Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Rays for Days Watermelon Orange Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by N by Nutrilite

Rays for Days Watermelon Orange label
See full label image
Gummy Or Jelly Category: Botanical With Nutrients
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Rays for Days Watermelon Orange against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Rays for Days Watermelon Orange is a dietary supplement by N by Nutrilite with 2 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for bone health and osteoporosis, correcting vitamin d deficiency, immune system support.Based on those ingredients, 1,046 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Vitamin D3, Saffron (bulb) extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Rays for Days Watermelon Orange by N by Nutrilite

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Rays for Days Watermelon Orange by N by Nutrilite — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Rays for Days Watermelon Orange by N by Nutrilite

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 2 of its 2 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This gummy has 2 active ingredients: vitamin D3 and saffron (bulb) extract. Vitamin D3 is a form of the nutrient your body uses to absorb calcium and support bone health, immune function, and muscle strength.

Saffron is a spice extract that's been studied for mood and nerve-related concerns. The rest is inactive ingredients—tapioca syrup, cane sugar, water, glycerin, agar (a gelling agent), citric acid, lactic acid, natural flavors, organic black carrot juice concentrate, and locust bean gum—which give the gummy its form and taste.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: mood support and vitamin D supplementation.
  • We looked for evidence on: Depression, Anxiety, Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Low mood, Seasonal affective disorder.
  • The closest evidence on file: Saffron is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Anxiety (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Saffron is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Postpartum depression.
  • Also on file: Vitamin D is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Depression, Seasonal affective disorder (SAD).

Vitamin D3 is effective for treating rickets, osteomalacia (soft bones), renal osteodystrophy (bone disease from kidney problems), hypoparathyroidism, and familial hypophosphatemia. Saffron extract is possibly effective for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (nerve damage from cancer drugs) and Alzheimer disease, meaning the evidence is suggestive but not yet conclusive.

Neither ingredient's evidence supports use as a general nutritional supplement in a gummy for everyday wellness.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin D Saffron

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Vitamin D3 is generally well tolerated at recommended doses, but very high doses over time can cause toxicity with symptoms like high blood calcium, bone loss, and in rare cases anaphylaxis. Saffron is likely safe in food amounts, but supplement doses should be used cautiously; high doses can cause gastrointestinal complaints, nausea, vomiting, sedation, and rarely anaphylaxis.

Saffron at high doses has also been linked to anxiety and agitation in a few reports. Saffron is advised against in supplement amounts during pregnancy because it may stimulate the uterus.

For vitamin D in pregnancy, there's not enough data in our file—talk with your doctor about what's right for you.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin D Saffron

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Saffron, Vitamin D.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: diabetes medications; heart-rhythm medications.
  • For scale: 1,047 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, double-check with your pharmacist if you're on any heart rhythm medications (like verapamil, diltiazem, or digoxin), thiazide diuretics (water pills), blood pressure drugs, diabetes medications, the cholesterol drug atorvastatin, sedatives or CNS depressants, or if you use caffeine regularly. All of these have Moderate-severity interactions with one or both ingredients.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product is designed to deliver vitamin D3 and saffron in a flavored gummy form. If you take heart meds, blood pressure drugs, diabetes medications, or sedatives, check with your pharmacist before starting—the ingredient interactions are real.

It's also worth noting that saffron is avoided in pregnancy, so if you're pregnant or breastfeeding, have that conversation with your doctor first.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 2 of 2 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 22, 2021.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Rays for Days Watermelon Orange, straight from the product label.

Brand N by Nutrilite
Barcode (UPC) 850210008507
Net contents 30 Gummy(ies)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Apr 22, 2021
DSLD ID 246530
Product type Botanical With Nutrients
Supplement form Gummy Or Jelly
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Rays for Days Watermelon Orange by N by Nutrilite, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Gummy(ies)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Gummy(ies)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
850210008507
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories10 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrates2 Gram(s)1%
Vitamin D325 mcg125%
Added Sugars2 Gram(s)3%
Total Sugars2 Gram(s)--
Saffron (bulb) extract10 mg--

Other ingredients: Tapioca Syrup, Cane Sugar, Water, Glycerin, Agar, Citric Acid, Lactic Acid, Natural Flavors, organic Black Carrot juice concentrate, Locust Bean Gum

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Let the sunshine in!

U got this.

Sunny

Exclusively from Amway

Formula

These gummies, rich in vitamin D and saffron, help offset the negative effects due to lack of sunshine. So have a sunny outlook and enjoy.

The Good Stuff Vitamin D - the sunshine vitamin! Saffron - an ancient mood-boosting spice.

Watermelon orange with other natural flavors

Vitamin D & Saffron

Formulation

Don't worry! These are vegetarian friendly & free-from all the nasties of artificial colors, flavors, and sweeteners.

Don't worry! These are vegetarian friendly & free-from all the nasties of artificial colors, flavors, and sweeteners.

Free From: Peanuts, tree nuts, soy, eggs, high fructose corn syrup, shellfish, fish, and crustacean. GF (Gluten free) Dairy free

Produced following Amway standards.

Product of Colombia.

Precautions

Keep out of the reach of children

If you have a medical condition, long-term mood disorder, chronic illness, are taking prescription drugs or are pregnant or nursing, please consult your healthcare professional prior to use.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Use Instructions: Adults: Take 1 gummy daily. Chew thoroughly before swallowing.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Rays for Days Watermelon Orange by N by Nutrilite label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Rays for Days Watermelon Orange label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Rays for Days Watermelon Orange by N by Nutrilite

These are the 2 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Gummy(ies) Dosage formGummy Or Jelly Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Vitamin D3

Interacts with
715 drugs
25 mcg per serving Form: Cholecalciferol

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps your body absorb calcium and is important for healthy bones, muscles, and immune function. Many people,...

Vitamin D3 monograph & interactions

Saffron (bulb) extract

Interacts with
521 drugs
10 mg per serving

Saffron is a costly spice that has shown promise in early studies for mild-to-moderate depression and some mood and PMS symptoms, but most research us...

Saffron (bulb) extract monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Tapioca Syrup, Cane Sugar, Water, Glycerin, Agar, Citric Acid, Lactic Acid, Natural Flavors, Organic Black Carrot juice concentrate, Locust Bean Gum. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Rays for Days Watermelon Orange by N by Nutrilite Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Rays for Days Watermelon Orange?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,046Drugs
541 Moderate 505 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Vitamin D3 715
Saffron (bulb) extract 521

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Rays for Days Watermelon Orange interact with 1,046 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 2 ingredients in Rays for Days Watermelon Orange interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Vitamin D3 Saffron (bulb) extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Rays for Days Watermelon Orange with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Vitamin D38 drug types · 715 drugs

Aluminum

Vitamin D might increase aluminum absorption and toxicity, but this has only been reported in people with renal failure.
The protein that transports calcium across the intestinal wall can also bind and transport aluminum. This protein is stimulated by vitamin D, which may therefore increase aluminum absorption. This mechanism may contribute to increased aluminum levels and toxicity in people with renal failure, when they take vitamin D and aluminum-containing phosphate binders chronically.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)

Vitamin D might reduce absorption of atorvastatin.
A small, low-quality clinical study shows that taking vitamin D reduces levels of atorvastatin and its active metabolites by up to 55%. However, while atorvastatin levels decreased, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels did not substantially change. Atorvastatin is metabolized in the gut by CYP3A4 enzymes, and researchers theorized that vitamin D might induce CYP3A4, causing reduced levels of atorvastatin. However, this proposed mechanism was not specifically studied.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Calcipotriene (Dovonex)

Taking calcipotriene with vitamin D increases the risk for hypercalcemia.
Calcipotriene is a vitamin D analog used topically for psoriasis. It can be absorbed in sufficient amounts to cause systemic effects, including hypercalcemia. Theoretically, combining calcipotriene with vitamin D supplements might increase the risk of hypercalcemia.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Theoretically, hypercalcemia induced by high-dose vitamin D can increase the risk of arrhythmia from digoxin.
High doses of vitamin D can cause hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia increases the risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias with digoxin. Avoid vitamin D doses above the tolerable upper intake level (4000 IU daily for adults) and monitor serum calcium levels in people taking vitamin D and digoxin concurrently.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Others)

Theoretically, hypercalcemia induced by high-dose vitamin D can reduce the therapeutic effects of diltiazem for arrhythmia.
High doses of vitamin D can cause hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia can reduce the effectiveness of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Theoretically this could also occur with diltiazem. Avoid vitamin D doses above the tolerable upper intake level (4000 IU daily for adults) and monitor serum calcium levels in people taking vitamin D and diltiazem concurrently.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Thiazide Diuretics

Theoretically, taking thiazide diuretics and high-dose vitamin D can increase the risk of hypercalcemia.
Thiazide diuretics decrease urinary calcium excretion, which could lead to hypercalcemia if vitamin D supplements are taken concurrently. This has been reported in people being treated with vitamin D for hypoparathyroidism, and also in elderly people with normal parathyroid function who were taking a thiazide, vitamin D, and calcium-containing antacids daily.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Verapamil (Calan, Others)

Hypercalcemia induced by high-dose vitamin D can reduce the therapeutic effects of verapamil for arrhythmia.
Hypercalcemia due to high doses of vitamin D can reduce the effectiveness of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Avoid vitamin D doses above the tolerable upper intake level (4000 IU daily for adults) and monitor serum calcium levels in people taking vitamin D and verapamil concurrently.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Vitamin D might induce CYP3A4 enzymes and reduce the bioavailability of CYP3A4 substrates.
There is some concern that vitamin D might induce CYP3A4. In vitro research suggests that vitamin D induces CYP3A4 transcription. Additionally, observational research has found that increased UV light exposure and serum vitamin D levels are associated with decreased serum levels of CYP3A4 substrates such as tacrolimus and sirolimus, while no association between UV light exposure or vitamin D levels and levels of mycophenolic acid, a non-CYP3A4 substrate, was found. A small, low-quality clinical study shows that taking vitamin D reduces levels of the CYP3A4 substrate atorvastatin and its active metabolites by up to 55%; however, the clinical effects of atorvastatin were not reduced. While researchers theorized that vitamin D might induce CYP3A4, this proposed mechanism was not specifically studied.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Vitamin D3 full monograph & interactions

Saffron (bulb) extract4 drug types · 521 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of saffron with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Some clinical research shows that taking saffron extract reduces fasting levels of glucose when used in addition to hypoglycemic agents. However, saffron powder itself has not been shown to reduce fasting glucose levels.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of saffron with antihypertensive drugs might have additive effects.
Animal and human research suggests that saffron extract can decrease blood pressure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Caffeine

Theoretically, saffron might inhibit the metabolism of caffeine.
A small clinical study suggests that taking saffron powder 300 mg in 150 mL water daily for 5 days and then taking caffeine 200 mg seems to reduce caffeine metabolite levels in the saliva and urine in males, but not females. Theoretically, this may be due to the inhibition of cytochrome P450 1A2 by saffron.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Cns Depressants

Theoretically, concomitant use of saffron and CNS depressants might have additive sedative effects.
Clinical research shows that taking saffron extract 60 mg orally daily for 26 weeks can cause drowsiness and sedation. Animal research suggests that adding saffron to hexobarbital further increases sleeping and slows motor activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Saffron (bulb) extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Rays for Days Watermelon Orange, from the product label.

N by Nutrilite

See all N by Nutrilite products
Name
Amway Corp.
City
Ada
State
MI
ZipCode
49355
Phone Number
1-800-253-6500
Web Address
Amway.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Rays for Days Watermelon Orange by N by Nutrilite: Common Questions

Does Rays for Days Watermelon Orange by N by Nutrilite interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Rays for Days Watermelon Orange has a known interaction with 1,046 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Rays for Days Watermelon Orange contains 2 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is vitamin D3 safe to take every day?
Vitamin D3 is generally well tolerated at recommended doses. Very high doses over time can cause toxicity, but a gummy with a modest dose taken as directed is usually safe. If you're concerned about your total vitamin D intake from all sources, check with your pharmacist.
What is saffron extract used for in this product?
Saffron extract is included for its possible effects on nerve damage from chemotherapy and Alzheimer disease, though the evidence is still developing. In food amounts saffron is safe, but supplement doses carry some caution.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant?
Saffron in supplement amounts is advised against during pregnancy because it may stimulate the uterus. For the vitamin D3, there isn't enough safety data in our file—talk with your doctor about whether this product is right for you during pregnancy.
What are the side effects of saffron?
Saffron extract is generally well tolerated, but the most common side effects are gastrointestinal complaints, nausea, vomiting, and sedation. Rarely, anaphylaxis has been reported. At higher doses some people have reported anxiety or agitation.
Will this gummy lower my blood pressure?
Saffron extract in animal and human research suggests it can decrease blood pressure, so if you're already on blood pressure medication, combining them might lower your pressure too much—that's why you should check with your pharmacist first.
Does this product contain any fillers?
Yes. Inactive ingredients include tapioca syrup, cane sugar, water, glycerin, agar, citric acid, lactic acid, natural flavors, organic black carrot juice concentrate, and locust bean gum. These give the gummy its texture, sweetness, and taste.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Rays for Days Watermelon Orange is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Rays for Days Watermelon Orange label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Rays for Days Watermelon Orange’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin D

Interacts with 715 drugs

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps your body absorb calcium and is important for healthy bones, muscles, and immune function. Many people, especially those with low sun exposure,...

Read the full Vitamin D monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Saffron

Interacts with 521 drugs

Saffron is a costly spice that has shown promise in early studies for mild-to-moderate depression and some mood and PMS symptoms, but most research uses small trials, so results are not defi...

Read the full Saffron monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Rays for Days Watermelon Orange's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 48 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Vitamin D 26 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Tatro DS, ed. Drug Interactions Facts. Facts and Comparisons Inc., St. Louis, MO. 1999.
  3. Koutkia P, Chen TC, Holick MF. Vitamin D intoxication associated with an over-the-counter supplement. N Engl J Med 2001;345:66-7. PubMed
  4. Bar-Or D, Yoel G. Calcium and calciferol antagonize effect of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Br Med J 1981;282:1585-6.
  5. Demontis R, Leflon A, Fournier A, et al. 1 alpha(OH) vitamin D3 increases plasma aluminum in hemodialyzed patients taking AI(OH)3. Clin Nephrol 1986;26:146-9.
  6. Crowe M, Wollner L, Griffiths RA. Hypercalcemia following vitamin D and thiazide therapy in the elderly. Practitioner 1984;228:312-3.
  7. Parfitt AM. Thiazide-induced hypercalcemia in vitamin D-treated hypoparathyroidism. Ann Intern Med 1972;77:557-63. PubMed
  8. Thiazide diuretics and the risk of osteoporosis. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2003;19(11):191105.
  9. Moon J. The role of vitamin D in toxic metal absorption. J Am Coll Nutr 1994;13:559-64.
  10. Demontis R, Reissi D, Noel C, et al. Indirect clinical evidence that 1alphaOH vitamin D<SUB>3</SUB> increases the intestinal absorption of aluminum. Clin Nephrol 1989;31:123-7.
  11. Adler AJ, Berlyne GM. Duodenal aluminum absorption in the rat: effect of vitamin D. Am J Physiol 1985;249:G209-13. PubMed
  12. Schwartz JB. Effects of vitamin D supplementation in atorvastatin-treated patients: A new drug interaction with an unexpected consequence. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2009;85:198-203. PubMed
  13. Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. Institute of Medicine, November 30, 2010. Available at: http://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2010/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Calcium-and-Vitamin-D/Vitamin%20D%20and%20Calcium%202010%20Repo
  14. Cox KA, Dunn MA. Aluminum toxicity alters the regulation of calbindin-D28k protein and mRNA expression in chick intestine. J Nutr 2001;131:2007-13. PubMed
  15. Escribano, J., Balaguer, A., Pagone, F., Feliu, A., and Roque, I. Figuls. Pharmacological interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2009;(1):CD004754. PubMed
  16. Carlton, S., Clopton, D., and Cappuzzo, K. A. Vitamin D deficiency: appropriate replenishment therapies and the effects of vitamin D toxicity. Consult Pharm 2010;25(3):171-177. PubMed
  17. Wang, H., Xia, N., Yang, Y., and Peng, D. Q. Influence of vitamin D supplementation on plasma lipid profiles: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Lipids Health Dis. 2012;11:42. PubMed
  18. Turner AN, Carr Reese P, Fields KS, Anderson J, Ervin M, Davis JA, Fichorova RN, Roberts MW, Klebanoff MA, Jackson RD. A blinded, randomized controlled trial of high-dose vitamin D supplementation to reduce recurrence of bacterial vaginosis. Am J Obstet G PubMed
  19. Weiner M, Epstein FH. Signs and symptoms of electrolyte disorders. Yale J Biol Med. 1970;43(2):76-109.
  20. Lappe J, Watson P, Travers-Gustafson D, Recker R, Garland C, Gorham E, Baggerly K, McDonnell SL. Effect of Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation on Cancer Incidence in Older Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017 Mar 28;317(12):1234-1243. PubMed
  21. Roth DE, Leung M, Mesfin E, Qamar H, Watterworth J, Papp E. Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy: state of the evidence from a systematic review of randomised trials. BMJ. 2017;359:j5237. PubMed
  22. Murai IH, Fernandes AL, Sales LP, et al. Effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on hospital length of stay in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2021.
  23. Wang Z, Schuetz EG, Xu Y, Thummel KE. Interplay between vitamin D and the drug metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013;136:54-8. PubMed
  24. Doyle D, Browne U, Brickley A, Murphy D. Vitamin D-induced hypercalcaemia and acute kidney injury in sarcoidosis. BMJ Case Rep 2023;16(1):e250580. PubMed
  25. Williamson A, Martineau AR, Sheikh A, Jolliffe D, Griffiths CJ. Vitamin D for the management of asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023;2(2):CD011511. PubMed
  26. Kinesya E, Santoso D, Gde Arya N, et al. Vitamin D as adjuvant therapy for diabetic foot ulcers: Systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023;54:137-143. PubMed

See these in context on the Vitamin D monograph →

Saffron 22 references
  1. Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
  2. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  3. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  4. Feo F, Martinez J, Martinez A, et al. Occupational allergy in saffron workers. Allergy 1997;52:633-41. PubMed
  5. Wuthrich B, Schmid-Grendelmeyer P, Lundberg M. Anaphylaxis to saffron. Allergy 1997;52:476-7. PubMed
  6. Akhondzadeh S, Tahmacebi-Pour N, Noorbala AA, et al. Crocus sativus L. in the treatment of mild to moderate depression: a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial. Phytother Res 2005;19:148-51.
  7. Safarinejad MR, Shafiei N, Safarinejad S. A prospective double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study of the effect of saffron (Crocus sativus Linn.) on semen parameters and seminal plasma antioxidant capacity in infertile men with idiopathic oligoasth
  8. Fatehi, M., Rashidabady, T., and Fatehi-Hassanabad, Z. Effects of Crocus sativus petals' extract on rat blood pressure and on responses induced by electrical field stimulation in the rat isolated vas deferens and guinea-pig ileum. J Ethnopharmacol. 2003; PubMed
  9. Modaghegh, M. H., Shahabian, M., Esmaeili, H. A., Rajbai, O., and Hosseinzadeh, H. Safety evaluation of saffron (Crocus sativus) tablets in healthy volunteers. Phytomedicine. 2008;15(12):1032-1037. PubMed
  10. Imenshahidi, M., Hosseinzadeh, H., and Javadpour, Y. Hypotensive effect of aqueous saffron extract (Crocus sativus L.) and its constituents, safranal and crocin, in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Phytother.Res 12-9-2009;
  11. Zhang, Y., Shoyama, Y., Sugiura, M., and Saito, H. Effects of Crocus sativus L. on the ethanol-induced impairment of passive avoidance performances in mice. Biol.Pharm Bull. 1994;17(2):217-221. PubMed
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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