Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Red Wine Extract 500 mg Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Swanson

Red Wine Extract 500 mg label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Red Wine Extract 500 mg against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Red Wine Extract 500 mg is a dietary supplement by Swanson with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for social and relaxation use, heart health (popular belief), antioxidant intake.Based on those ingredients, 926 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Red Wine Fruit Extract, Fresh. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Red Wine Extract 500 mg by Swanson

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Red Wine Extract 500 mg by Swanson — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Red Wine Extract 500 mg by Swanson

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 1 of its 1 active ingredient.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This product contains one active ingredient: red wine fruit extract, which delivers the compounds found in red grapes and wine. The capsule also contains several inactive ingredients — gelatin, maltodextrin, rice bran, silica, and magnesium stearate — that are fillers and binders.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: free radical protection and antioxidant support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), Atherosclerosis, Overall mortality, Oxidative stress, Endothelial function.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Wine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Cardiovascular disease (CVD) (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Wine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Overall mortality.
  • Also on file: Wine is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Atherosclerosis.

Red wine extract is possibly effective for several conditions: it may help with Helicobacter pylori (a stomach bacteria), osteopenia (lower bone density), cardiovascular disease (heart and blood vessel health), and diabetes. That said, the evidence backing these uses isn't conclusive, and we'd recommend talking with your doctor about whether it makes sense for your specific situation.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Wine

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 1 of the 1 matched ingredient.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 1 of 1.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 1 of 1.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

This product contains alcohol, which carries real health risks and can become habit-forming even in moderate amounts, so use it with caution. Red wine extract is not safe in pregnancy — no amount of alcohol is considered safe during pregnancy.

If you're breastfeeding, alcohol passes into breast milk, so you'll need to avoid it or be very careful about timing and how much you take. Common side effects tied to the alcohol content include nausea, diarrhea, drowsiness, flushing, headaches, low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), trouble with coordination and walking, and indigestion.

If you're allergic to sulfites or yeast, or if you have a history of asthma, wine can trigger allergic reactions ranging from mild to severe — some people have even had anaphylaxis (a life-threatening reaction) from yeast in fermented beverages.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Wine

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 1 of the 1 matched ingredient can interact with medications — Wine.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 927 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take this product, double-check with your pharmacist if you're on disulfiram (Antabuse) — this is a must-avoid combination. Also check if you take blood thinners like warfarin, pain relievers like aspirin, heart or transplant medications, seizure drugs, antibiotics like erythromycin, or flibanserin.

All of these have Major interactions with the alcohol in red wine extract.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Red wine extract may be worth considering if you're looking at it for heart health, bone density, or blood sugar support — though the evidence is still developing. Skip it if you take disulfiram, blood thinners, aspirin, certain heart medications, or seizure drugs without checking with your pharmacist first.

If you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or have asthma or sulfite sensitivity, talk to your doctor or pharmacist before starting.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 23, 2024.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Red Wine Extract 500 mg, straight from the product label.

Brand Swanson
Barcode (UPC) 087614141176
Net contents 90 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Apr 23, 2024
DSLD ID 308730
Product type Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Red Wine Extract 500 mg by Swanson, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
90
UPC/BARCODE
087614141176
IngredientAmount% DV
Red Wine Fruit Extract, Fresh500 mg--

Other ingredients: Gelatin, Maltodextrin, Rice Bran, Silica, Magnesium Stearate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Swanson.com or call 1-800-437-4148

Formula

Red Wine Extract delivers all the health benefits of red wine in an alcohol free form Loaded with polyphenols for potent free radical protection

Red Wine Extract 500mg per capsule

Brand IP Statement(s)

Swanson Science-Backed Quality Since 1969

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested use: As a dietary supplement, take one capsule two times per day with water.

Precautions

Warning: For adults only. Keep out of reach of children.

Consult your healthcare provider before using this or any product if you are pregnant or nursing, taking medication or have a medical condition.

Do not use if seal is broken.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Formulation

Antioxidant support Standardized

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Red Wine Extract 500 mg by Swanson label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Red Wine Extract 500 mg label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Red Wine Extract 500 mg by Swanson

This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container90 Amounts shown are per serving.

Red Wine Fruit Extract, Fresh

Interacts with
926 drugs
500 mg per serving Form: Vitis vinifera Fruit Extract, Fresh

Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes and is not a true dietary supplement or medicine. Despite popular claims about heart benefits...

Red Wine Fruit Extract, Fresh monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Maltodextrin, Rice Bran, Silica, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Red Wine Extract 500 mg by Swanson Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Red Wine Extract 500 mg?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
926Drugs
656 Major 270 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Red Wine Fruit Extract, Fresh 926

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Red Wine Extract 500 mg interact with 926 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

1 of the 1 ingredient in Red Wine Extract 500 mg interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Red Wine Fruit Extract, Fresh

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Red Wine Extract 500 mg with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Red Wine Fruit Extract, Fresh37 drug types · 926 drugs

Aspirin

Concomitant use may increase the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding.
Concomitant use of aspirin with alcohol may increase the risk of GI bleeding.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Cisapride (Propulsid)

Concomitant use may increase blood alcohol levels and adverse effects.
Concomitant use of alcohol can increase blood alcohol levels and adverse effects. Also, red wine increases plasma cisapride concentrations, possibly by reducing metabolism.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Cns Depressants

Concomitant use may increase sedative and other adverse effects.
Concomitant use of alcohol with CNS depressants can increase sedative and other adverse effects, potentially through inhibition of the metabolism of certain CNS depressants.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)

Red wine can reduce the levels and clinical effects of cyclosporine.
Red wine reduces plasma cyclosporine concentrations, possibly by reducing cyclosporine absorption. There is evidence the reduction in cyclosporine AUC by red wine is less in Asians (8% to 14%) than Caucasians (35% to 36%).

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Disulfiram (Antabuse)

Concomitant use may cause a disulfiram reaction.
Disulfiram can cause a disulfiram reaction when taken with alcohol. Patients taking disulfiram should not consume any alcohol.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
Erythromycin

Concomitant use may increase blood alcohol levels and adverse effects.
Concomitant use of erythromycin with alcohol can increase blood alcohol levels and adverse effects.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Felodipine (Plendil)

Consumption of red wine can rapidly increase felodipine levels and adverse effects.
Red wine taken on an empty stomach can cause "dose dumping" of extended-release felodipine, possibly by changing absorption or metabolism. Red wine can delay the appearance of felodipine in plasma until 4 hours after dosing and can rapidly increase its plasma concentration, producing peak serum levels 3 to 4 times higher than when felodipine is given with water. This can cause an increase in adverse effects 5 hours after dosing.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Flibanserin (Addyi)

Concomitant use increases the risk of severe hypotension and syncope.
Alcohol use is contraindicated in patients taking flibanserin due to the risk of severe hypotension and syncope.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Hepatotoxic Drugs

Concomitant use of alcohol with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of hepatotoxicity.
Concomitant use of excessive amounts of alcohol with potentially hepatotoxic drugs can increase the risk of liver damage.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (Maois)

Concomitant use may cause hypertensive crisis.
Wine contains tyramine, which is metabolized by monoamine oxidase. Concurrent use of MAOIs with tyramine-containing beverages can lead to elevated levels of tyramine in the body. This can increase the effects of tyramine, which has been reported to cause hypertension, headache, and hypertensive crisis in numerous cases. Sensitivity to tyramine can increase up to 10-fold to 100-fold in people using an MAOI.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (Nsaids)

Concomitant use may increase the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding.
Concomitant use of NSAIDs with alcohol may increase the risk of GI bleeding.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Concomitant use may decrease the effectiveness of phenytoin.
Chronic, heavy alcohol use can induce the metabolism, reducing therapeutic effectiveness of phenytoin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Alcohol can alter the effects of warfarin, although the exact effect depends on the nature of alcohol consumption.
Acute alcohol intoxication can decrease metabolism and increase the effects of warfarin. In contrast, chronic, heavy alcohol use can induce metabolism of warfarin, reducing therapeutic effectiveness.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Acitretin (Soriatane)

Concomitant use increases the risk of long-term teratogenic effects.
Alcohol increases the transesterification of acitretin to etretinate, which is a teratogen that can remain in the body for years after discontinuation of acitretin. Patients of reproductive potential should avoid alcohol completely while taking acitretin and at least 2 months after discontinuation.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Antidiabetes Drugs

Concomitant use may interfere with blood glucose control.
Alcohol can impair gluconeogenesis and may increase the risk of acute hypoglycemia when used concomitantly with antidiabetes drugs. However, the carbohydrates in wine may also worsen glycemic control in patients with diabetes.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use may interfere with blood pressure control.
Clinical research suggests that consumption of alcohol can increase both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. However, acute alcohol intoxication can also increase the risk of hypotension and additive effects with antihypertensive drugs.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)

Theoretically, concomitant use may increase the risk of adverse effects from alcohol.
In patients taking bupropion, there have been rare reports of adverse psychiatric events or reduced alcohol tolerance. Additionally, in chronic alcohol users, abrupt discontinuation of alcohol while taking bupropion may increase the risk of seizure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cefamandole (Mandol)

Concomitant use may cause a disulfiram-like reaction.
Cefamandole can cause a disulfiram-like reaction when taken with alcohol.

Likelihood Possible Evidence C
Cefoperazone (Cefobid)

Concomitant use may cause a disulfiram-like reaction.
Cefoperazone can cause a disulfiram-like reaction when taken with alcohol.

Likelihood Possible Evidence C
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)

Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of CNS impairment.
Cetirizine may cause somnolence in some patients. There is some concern that taking cetirizine in conjunction with alcohol might reduce alertness and impair CNS performance.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Chlorpropamide (Diabinese)

Concomitant use may cause a disulfiram-like reaction.
Chlorpropamide can cause a disulfiram-like reaction when taken with alcohol.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Citalopram (Celexa)

Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of adverse effects from alcohol.
Some case reports suggest that citalopram may reduce alcohol tolerance and increase the risk of adverse effects from alcohol.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Doxycycline (Vibramycin)

Chronic alcohol use might reduce the levels and clinical effects of doxycycline.
Although acute alcohol ingestion does not seem to significantly impact the pharmacokinetics of doxycycline, chronic alcohol ingestion has been shown to significantly reduce the half-life and serum concentration of doxycycline.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Eluxadoline (Viberzi)

Chronic or excessive alcohol use might increase the risk of pancreatitis from eluxadoline.
In clinical studies, the risk of pancreatitis with eluxadoline was increased in chronic alcohol users and in those with acute intake of 3 or more alcoholic beverages daily.

Likelihood Possible Evidence A
Griseofulvin (Fulvicin)

Concomitant use may cause a disulfiram-like reaction.
Griseofulvin can cause a disulfiram-like reaction, including tachycardia and facial flushing, when taken with alcohol.

Likelihood Possible Evidence C
Red Wine Fruit Extract, Fresh full monograph & all 37 interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Red Wine Extract 500 mg, from the product label.

Swanson

See all Swanson products
Name
Swanson Health Products
City
Fargo
State
ND
ZipCode
58104
Phone Number
1-800-437-4148
Web Address
swanson.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Red Wine Extract 500 mg by Swanson: Common Questions

Does Red Wine Extract 500 mg by Swanson interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Red Wine Extract 500 mg has a known interaction with 926 medications, including 656 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Red Wine Extract 500 mg contains a single active ingredient, and that one ingredient can interact with many different medications on its own. We check it against each medication and show the mechanism responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
No — this product isn't safe in pregnancy, and no amount of alcohol is considered safe. If you're breastfeeding, alcohol passes into your milk, so you'd need to avoid it or carefully manage timing and amount. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about safer options for whatever you're trying to address.
What are the side effects?
Most side effects come from the alcohol content and depend on how much you take. Common ones include nausea, diarrhea, drowsiness, flushing, headaches, low blood sugar, trouble with coordination and walking, and indigestion. If you're allergic to sulfites or yeast, or have asthma, you may have allergic reactions — in rare cases, even severe ones.
Does this actually work for heart health or bone density?
The evidence suggests red wine extract is possibly effective for cardiovascular disease and osteopenia (lower bone density), but the research isn't conclusive. Talk with your doctor about whether it fits your needs and whether there are other options worth trying first.
Why can't I take this with disulfiram?
Disulfiram (Antabuse) is a medication that blocks alcohol metabolism to help people stay off alcohol — it causes a dangerous disulfiram reaction if any alcohol gets into your system. Since this product contains alcohol from wine, the two can't be used together.
Is this safe if I drink alcohol normally?
This product contains real alcohol, so it adds to whatever you're already drinking. Because the side effects depend on total alcohol amount, mixing it with your regular drinks increases risks — including stomach bleeding if you take aspirin, or blood pressure and clotting problems if you're on certain medications.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Red Wine Extract 500 mg is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Red Wine Extract 500 mg label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Red Wine Extract 500 mg’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Wine

Interacts with 926 drugs

Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes and is not a true dietary supplement or medicine. Despite popular claims about heart benefits, the alcohol it contains carries real h...

Read the full Wine monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Red Wine Extract 500 mg's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 73 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Wine 73 references
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  3. Offman EM, Freeman DJ, Dresser GK, et al. Cisapride interaction with grapefruit juice and red wine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2000;67:110 (abstract PI-83).
  4. Tsunoda SM, Christians U, Velez RL, et al. Red wine (RW) effects on cyclosporine (CyA) metabolites. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2000;67:150 (abstract PIII-35).
  5. Tsunoda SM, Harris RZ, Velez RL, et al. Red wine (RW) effects on cyclosporine (CyA) Pharmacokinetics. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998;65:159 (abstract PII-51). DOI
  6. Pearson TA. Alcohol and heart disease. Circulation 1996;94:3023-5. PubMed
  7. Fraser AG. Pharmacokinetic interactions between alcohol and other drugs. Clin Pharmacokinet 1997;33:79-90. PubMed
  8. Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Willett WC, et al. A prospective study of moderate alcohol consumption and the risk of coronary disease and stroke in women. N Engl J Med 1988;319:267-73. PubMed
  9. Vally H, de Klerk N, Thompson PJ. Alcoholic drinks: important triggers for asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;105:462-7. PubMed
  10. Thun MJ, Peto R, Lopez AD, et al. Alcohol consumption and mortality among middle-aged and elderly US adults. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1705-14.
  11. Goldberg I, Mosca L, Piano MR, Fisher EA. AHA Science Advisory: Wine and your heart: a science advisory for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, and Council on Cardiovascular Nursing of the America
  12. Michaud DS, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, et al. Coffee and alcohol consumption and risk of pancreatic cancer in two prospective United States cohorts. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2001;10:429-37.
  13. Dufour MC. If you drink alcoholic beverages do so in moderation: what does this mean? J Nutr 2001;131:552S-61S. PubMed
  14. Thadhani R, Camargo CA, Stampfer MJ, et al. Prospective study of moderate alcohol consumption and risk of hypertension in young women. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:569-74. PubMed
  15. Mukamal KJ, Longstreth WT, Mittleman MA. Alcohol consumption and subclinical findings on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in older adults: the cardiovascular health study. Stroke 2001;32:1939-46. PubMed
  16. Bosetti C, La Vecchia C, Negri E, Franceschi S. Wine and other types of alcoholic beverages and the risk of esophageal cancer. Eur J Clin Nutr 2000;54:918-20. PubMed
  17. Singletary KW, Gapstur SM. Alcohol and breast cancer: review of epidemiologic and experimental evidence and potential mechanisms. JAMA 2001;286:2143-51. PubMed
  18. Tsunoda SM, Harris RZ, Christians U, et al. Red wine decreases cyclosporine bioavailabity. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001;70:462-7.
  19. Bosetti C, La Vecchia C, Negri E, Franceschi S. Wine and other types of alcoholic beverages and the risk of esophageal cancer. Eur J Clin Nutr 2000;54:918-20. PubMed
  20. Kato H, Yoshikawa M, Miyazaki T, et al. Expression of p53 protein related to smoking and alcoholic beverage drinking habits in patients with esophageal cancers. Cancer Lett 2001;167:65-72. PubMed
  21. Singletary KW, Gapstur SM. Alcohol and breast cancer: review of epidemiologic and experimental evidence and potential mechanisms. JAMA 2001;286:2143-51. PubMed
  22. Duncan BB, Chambless LE, Schmidt MI, et al. Association of the waist-to-hip ratio is different with wine than with beer or hard liquor consumption. Am J Epidemiol 1995;142:1034-8. DOI
  23. Bobak M, Skodova Z, Marmot M. Beer and obesity: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003;57:1250-53. PubMed
  24. Koh-Banerjee P, Chu N, Spiegelman D, et al. Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physicial activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking with 9-y gain in waist circumference among 16 587 US men. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78:719-27..
  25. Mennella J. Alcohol's effect on lactation. Alcohol Res Health 2001;25:230-4.
  26. Bailey DG, Dresser GK, Bend JR. Bergamottin, lime juice, and red wine as inhibitors of cytochrome P450 3A4 activity: comparison with grapefruit juice. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003;73:529-37. PubMed
  27. Launoy, G., Milan, C., Day, N. E., Faivre, J., Pienkowski, P., and Gignoux, M. Oesophageal cancer in France: potential importance of hot alcoholic drinks. Int J Cancer 6-11-1997;71(6):917-923. DOI
  28. Lijinsky, W. N-Nitroso compounds in the diet. Mutat.Res 7-15-1999;443(1-2):129-138. PubMed
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  30. Altieri, A., Bosetti, C., Gallus, S., Franceschi, S., Dal, Maso L., Talamini, R., Levi, F., Negri, E., Rodriguez, T., and La, Vecchia C. Wine, beer and spirits and risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer: a case-control study from Italy and Switzerland. Oral PubMed
  31. Bode, C. and Bode, J. C. Alcohol's role in gastrointestinal tract disorders. Alcohol Health Res World 1997;21(1):76-83.
  32. Zilkens, R. R., Burke, V., Hodgson, J. M., Barden, A., Beilin, L. J., and Puddey, I. B. Red wine and beer elevate blood pressure in normotensive men. Hypertension 2005;45(5):874-879. PubMed
  33. Mukamal, K. J., Maclure, M., Muller, J. E., and Mittleman, M. A. Binge drinking and mortality after acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 12-20-2005;112(25):3839-3845. PubMed
  34. Pehl, C., Wendl, B., and Pfeiffer, A. White wine and beer induce gastro-oesophageal reflux in patients with reflux disease. Aliment.Pharmacol Ther 6-1-2006;23(11):1581-1586. PubMed
  35. Chao, C. Associations between beer, wine, and liquor consumption and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2436-2447. PubMed
  36. Bushman, B. J. and Cooper, H. M. Effects of alcohol on human aggression: an integrative research review. Psychol.Bull 1990;107(3):341-354.
  37. Carstensen, J. M., Bygren, L. O., and Hatschek, T. Cancer incidence among Swedish brewery workers. Int J Cancer 3-15-1990;45(3):393-396. PubMed
  38. Potter, J. F., Watson, R. D., Skan, W., and Beevers, D. G. The pressor and metabolic effects of alcohol in normotensive subjects. Hypertension 1986;8(7):625-631. PubMed
  39. Puddey, I. B., Beilin, L. J., Vandongen, R., Rouse, I. L., and Rogers, P. Evidence for a direct effect of alcohol consumption on blood pressure in normotensive men. A randomized controlled trial. Hypertension 1985;7(5):707-713. PubMed
  40. Puddey, I. B., Beilin, L. J., Vandongen, R., and Rouse, I. L. A randomized controlled trial of the effect of alcohol consumption on blood pressure. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1985;12(3):257-261. PubMed
  41. Wellmann, K. F. ["Biere au cobalt". Remarks on the "Quebec myocardosis of beer drinker"]. Dtsch.Med Wochenschr. 3-15-1968;93(11):500-501.
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Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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