Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Sugar Blocker Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by PharmaPure

Sugar Blocker label
See full label image
Other (e.g. Tea Bag) Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 23, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Sugar Blocker against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Sugar Blocker is a dietary supplement by PharmaPure with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for blood sugar and diabetes support, athletic performance and muscle building, lowering cholesterol.Based on those ingredients, 940 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Gymnema sylvestre extract, Vanadyl Sulfate, Chromium. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Sugar Blocker by PharmaPure

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Sugar Blocker by PharmaPure — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Sugar Blocker by PharmaPure

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Sep 17, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 3 of its 3 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Sugar Blocker contains 3 active ingredients. Vanadyl sulfate is a form of vanadium, a mineral that may play a role in blood sugar regulation, though evidence in diabetes is still limited.

Gymnema sylvestre extract is an herb traditionally used to support glucose metabolism; research suggests it may lower blood sugar, though the quality of evidence remains unclear. Chromium is a trace mineral — small amounts are essential for the body, and some research shows it may help with blood sugar control, particularly in type 2 diabetes.

The product also contains several inactive ingredients — dicalcium phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose, silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, and croscarmellose sodium — which serve as binders, fillers, and capsule materials.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Blood sugar and glucose metabolism support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Diabetes, Impaired glucose tolerance (prediabetes), Hypoglycemia, Metabolic syndrome, Antiretroviral-induced insulin resistance, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Vanadium is rated "Likely Effective" for Vanadium deficiency (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Chromium is rated "Likely Effective" for Chromium deficiency.
  • Also on file: Chromium is rated "Possibly Effective" for Diabetes.

The evidence for this product's ingredients in supporting blood sugar control remains limited. Vanadium for diabetes has insufficient reliable evidence in our data.

Gymnema for diabetes and prediabetes, and chromium for prediabetes, are all rated as having insufficient or possibly ineffective evidence. Chromium for diabetes is rated as possibly effective based on some research showing it may lower blood glucose in people with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes, but the overall body of evidence is modest.

Vanadium is likely effective for vanadium deficiency, which is rare in people eating a normal diet.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Vanadium Gymnema Chromium

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Vanadium is generally well tolerated at small dietary amounts, but supplement doses can cause side effects and may be toxic at higher levels. Above the safe upper limit of 1.8 mg daily, it can cause stomach upset — abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, bloating, and nausea — and rarely, kidney damage with long-term use at high doses.

Gymnema is generally well tolerated short-term, though quality varies between products; a rare case of drug-induced liver inflammation (hepatitis) was reported with very frequent use. Chromium is generally well tolerated at typical supplement doses, though high or long-term doses may pose risks; common side effects include stomach irritation, headaches, insomnia, and mood changes, and rare cases of kidney and liver damage have been reported.

Regarding pregnancy, the data on vanadium is mixed — one rating says likely safe, another says possibly unsafe; talk with your doctor about whether to use it while pregnant. Gymnema and chromium both lack sufficient safety data in pregnancy and lactation, so they're best avoided unless your doctor recommends otherwise.

The data we hold shows chromium from a balanced diet or prenatal vitamin is considered acceptable, but extra supplement doses should be avoided unless advised by your doctor.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Vanadium Gymnema Chromium

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Vanadium, Gymnema, Chromium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 941 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking Sugar Blocker, confirm your medications with your doctor or pharmacist, especially if you take diabetes drugs (insulin or pills), blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs, levothyroxine (thyroid medication), NSAIDs, or aspirin. The biggest risk is low blood sugar if you're on diabetes medication — vanadyl sulfate, gymnema, and chromium can all enhance their blood-sugar-lowering effect.

Gymnema may also alter how your body processes certain medications through liver enzymes.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Sugar Blocker may appeal to people looking to support blood sugar control, but the evidence it works for that purpose is weak to unclear. If you take diabetes medication, insulin, blood thinners, thyroid medication, or NSAIDs, talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting this product — the risk of low blood sugar or reduced absorption of your medications is real.

Pregnant or breastfeeding? Check with your doctor first; the safety data doesn't support use in either case without medical guidance.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Nov 21, 2020.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Sugar Blocker, straight from the product label.

Brand PharmaPure
Barcode (UPC) 031477811189
Net contents 90 Caplet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Nov 21, 2020
DSLD ID 240059
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Other (e.g. Tea Bag)
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Sugar Blocker by PharmaPure, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Caplet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Caplet(s)
UPC/BARCODE
031477811189
IngredientAmount% DV
Vanadyl Sulfate5 mg--
Gymnema sylvestre extract83 mg--
Chromium67 mcg56%

Other ingredients: Dicalcium Phosphate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Polyethylene Glycol, Croscarmellose Sodium

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Pharmacist Formulated For Quality You Can Trust

Exercise and diet are also important components of the Sugar Blocker Weight Loss Program. The insert contained inside includes helpful tips that will help guide you on how to maximize your weight loss efforts.

Formulation

Contains no artificial colors, flavors or preservatives, yeast, wheat, corn, gluten, nuts, soy or milk-based by-products.

PureTek Guarantee: Every PureTek product is manufactured and tested for purity and potency.

Diabetic Friendly: This product has been formulated without sugars, dyes, artificial colors, flavors, preservatives or any other by-product that would negatively impact persons with diabetes.

Slim-down weight loss program Helps eliminate excess body fat Helps block sugar absorption

Slim-Down Weight Loss Program Cutting back on sugar is an important part of losing weight. Excess sugar adds unneeded calories and contributes to body fat accumulation. Sugar Blocker can help neutralize the negative effects of sugar in three ways: Sugar Blocker can block the taste of sugar on the tongue, thereby reducing cravings for sweets and sugary foods and beverages. Sugar Blocker can help block sugar absorption in the digestive system, leaving many sugars unabsorbed. Lastly, Sugar Blocker helps stabilize blood sugar, which translates into fewer sugars in the bloodstream (in the form of glucose) and less chance of sugars converted into body fat.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: Take three caplets daily. For best results: Take one caplet before each meal up to three times daily. When taking caplet, leave on tongue for 10-15 seconds, then swallow with water.

Precautions

Warnings: Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not take if you are pregnant or lactating.

Tamper Evident: Do not use if imprinted seal under cap is broken or missing.

This product is safe for use by diabetics but can affect daily insulin requirements. Whether you have diabetes or not, it is always advisable to consult with your healthcare professional before starting any diet program.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent any disease.

Formula

May also be used by diabetics

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Sugar Blocker by PharmaPure label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Sugar Blocker label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Sugar Blocker by PharmaPure

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Caplet(s) Dosage formOther (e.g. Tea Bag) Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Vanadyl Sulfate

Interacts with
208 drugs
5 mg per serving

Vanadium is a trace mineral found in tiny amounts in food, and people get plenty from a normal diet. Supplement claims for diabetes, weight, and athle...

Vanadyl Sulfate monograph & interactions

Gymnema sylvestre extract

Interacts with
851 drugs
83 mg per serving Form: Gymnemic Acids

Gymnema is an Ayurvedic herb best known for possibly helping lower blood sugar and reducing the taste of sweetness on the tongue. Some early human stu...

Gymnema sylvestre extract monograph & interactions

Chromium

Interacts with
178 drugs
67 mcg per serving Form: Chromium Nicotinate, Chromium Polynicotinate

Chromium is an essential trace mineral involved in how the body handles sugar and fat. Some studies suggest it may modestly help blood sugar control i...

Chromium monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Dicalcium Phosphate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Polyethylene Glycol, Croscarmellose Sodium. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Sugar Blocker by PharmaPure Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Sugar Blocker?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
940Drugs
432 Moderate 508 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Gymnema sylvestre extract 851
Vanadyl Sulfate 208
Chromium 178

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Sugar Blocker interact with 940 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 3 ingredients in Sugar Blocker interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Gymnema sylvestre extract Vanadyl Sulfate Chromium

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Sugar Blocker with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Gymnema sylvestre extract6 drug types · 851 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking gymnema with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Gymnema reduces blood glucose levels in some human and animal research. In human studies, it has been shown to enhance the blood glucose lowering effects of hypoglycemic drugs. However, other research in adults with prediabetes or metabolic syndrome suggests that gymnema does not reduce fasting levels of blood glucose. Until more is known, monitor blood glucose levels closely.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, gymnema might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Animal and in vitro research shows that gymnema can inhibit the CYP1A2 enzyme. In one animal study, oral administration of gymnema for 7 days increased the plasma concentrations of phenacetin, a CYP1A2 substrate, by about 1.4-fold and reduced the clearance of phenacetin by about 29%.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, gymnema might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
Animal research shows that gymnema can induce the CYP2C9 enzyme. In one animal study, gymnema caused a 2.4-fold increase in the clearance of tolbutamide, a CYP2C9 substrate, in rats. In vitro research also shows that gymnema can inhibit CYP2C9.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Phenacetin

Theoretically, taking gymnema with phenacetin might increase the levels of phenacetin.
Animal research shows that gymnema, administered orally for 7 days, decreases the clearance of phenacetin in a dose-dependent manner by about 21% to 29% and increases plasma levels about 1.3- to 1.4-fold when compared to control.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolbutamide (Orinase)

Theoretically, taking gymnema with tolbutamide might the decrease levels of tolbutamide.
Animal research shows that gymnema, administered orally for 7 days, increases the clearance of tolbutamide by 2.4-fold when compared to control.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, gymnema might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
One in vitro study using rat liver microsomes shows that gymnema can modestly inhibit the CYP3A4 enzyme. However, other in vitro research using human liver microsomes shows that gymnema does not affect CYP3A4 activity. Animal research also shows that gymnema does not alter the function of CYP3A4. In one study in rats, oral administration of gymnema for 7 days did not alter the clearance of amlodipine, a CYP3A4 substrate.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Gymnema sylvestre extract full monograph & interactions

Vanadyl Sulfate2 drug types · 208 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro research shows that the sodium orthovanadate form of vanadium prolongs clotting time, likely through inhibition of thrombin and factor Xa.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
A few very small clinical studies in patients with type 2 diabetes show that the vanadyl sulfate form of vanadium increases insulin sensitivity and might lower blood glucose levels.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Vanadyl Sulfate full monograph & interactions

Chromium5 drug types · 178 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, chromium may have additive effects with antidiabetic agents and increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Some research shows that taking chromium might lower blood glucose levels, especially in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence A
Insulin

Theoretically, concomitant use of chromium and insulin might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
In clinical research, chromium has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity,

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Others)

Chromium might bind levothyroxine in the intestinal tract and decrease levothyroxine absorption.
Clinical research in healthy volunteers shows that taking chromium picolinate 1000 mcg with levothyroxine 1 mg decreases serum levels of levothyroxine by 17% when compared to taking levothyroxine alone. Advise patients to take levothyroxine at least 30 minutes before or 3-4 hours after taking chromium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Aspirin

Theoretically, aspirin might increase chromium absorption.
Animal research suggests that aspirin may increase chromium absorption and chromium levels in the blood.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (Nsaids)

NSAIDs might increase chromium levels in the body.
Drugs that are prostaglandin inhibitors, such as NSAIDs, seem to increase chromium absorption and retention.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Chromium full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Sugar Blocker, from the product label.

PharmaPure

See all PharmaPure products
Name
PureTek Corporation
City
San Fernando
State
CA
ZipCode
91340
Phone Number
1-877-921-7873
Web Address
pharmapure.net
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Sugar Blocker by PharmaPure: Common Questions

Does Sugar Blocker by PharmaPure interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Sugar Blocker has a known interaction with 940 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Sugar Blocker contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take Sugar Blocker if I'm on metformin or another diabetes medication?
Not without checking with your doctor first. All three active ingredients in this product — vanadyl sulfate, gymnema, and chromium — can theoretically lower blood sugar and may add to the effect of your diabetes drug, raising the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Your doctor or pharmacist needs to know before you start it.
Does vanadium actually help with blood sugar?
The evidence is limited. A few very small clinical studies in type 2 diabetes show vanadyl sulfate may improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood glucose, but we don't have enough reliable evidence to say it works for diabetes. It is likely effective for vanadium deficiency, which is rare.
What side effects might I experience from vanadium?
Below the safe upper limit of 1.8 mg daily, vanadium is generally well tolerated. Above that, you may experience stomach upset — abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, bloating, or nausea. Rarely, long-term use at high doses has caused kidney damage. If you take more than recommended, stop and talk with your pharmacist.
Is it safe to take Sugar Blocker while pregnant?
The data is unclear and mixed. Vanadium has conflicting safety ratings in pregnancy — one says likely safe, another says possibly unsafe. Gymnema and chromium both lack enough safety data to know either way. Talk with your doctor before taking any of these during pregnancy to decide what's best for you.
Can Sugar Blocker interact with my thyroid medication?
Yes, potentially. Chromium in this product may bind levothyroxine (such as Synthroid) in your intestines and reduce how much your body absorbs — clinical research shows it can lower blood levels by about 17%. If you take levothyroxine, your doctor or pharmacist should review this product before you start it.
What's in the capsule besides the active ingredients?
The inactive ingredients are dicalcium phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose, silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, and croscarmellose sodium. These are standard binders, fillers, and capsule materials; they don't contain active therapeutic compounds.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Sugar Blocker label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Sugar Blocker’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Vanadium

Interacts with 208 drugs

Vanadium is a trace mineral found in tiny amounts in food, and people get plenty from a normal diet. Supplement claims for diabetes, weight, and athletic performance are not well proven, and...

Read the full Vanadium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Gymnema

Interacts with 851 drugs

Gymnema is an Ayurvedic herb best known for possibly helping lower blood sugar and reducing the taste of sweetness on the tongue. Some early human studies are encouraging for blood sugar sup...

Read the full Gymnema monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Chromium

Interacts with 178 drugs

Chromium is an essential trace mineral involved in how the body handles sugar and fat. Some studies suggest it may modestly help blood sugar control in certain people with type 2 diabetes, b...

Read the full Chromium monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Sugar Blocker's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 80 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Vanadium 15 references
  1. Harland BF, Harden-Williams BA. Is vanadium of human nutritional importance yet? J Am Diet Assoc 1994;94:891-4. PubMed
  2. Sitprija V, Tungsanga K, Tosukhowong P, et al. Metabolic problems in northeastern Thailand: possible role of vanadium. Mineral Electrolyte Metab 1998;19:51-6.
  3. Funakoshi T, Shimada H, Kojima S, et al. Anticoagulant action of vanadate. Chem Pharmaceut Bull 1992;40:174-6. PubMed
  4. Halberstam M, Cohen N, Shlimovich P, et al. Oral vanadyl sulfate improves insulin sensitivity in NIDDM but not in obese nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes 1996;45:659-66. PubMed
  5. Cohen N, Halberstam M, Shlimovich P, et al. Oral vanadyl sulfate improves hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest 1995;95:2501-9. PubMed
  6. Boden G, Chen X, Ruiz J, et al. Effects of vanadyl sulfate on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 1996;45:1130-5.
  7. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  8. Goldfine AB, Simonson DC, Folli F, et al. Metabolic effects of sodium metavanadate in humans with insulin-dependent and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in vivo and in vitro studies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:3311-20. PubMed
  9. Cusi K, Cukier S, DeFronzo RA, et al. Vanadyl sulfate improves hepatic and muscle insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:1410-7.
  10. Peat F, Coomber R, Rana A, Vince A. Vanadium allergy following total knee arthroplasty. BMJ Case Rep 2018;2018. pii: bcr-2017-222092. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2017-222092. PubMed
  11. Jin S, Xia W, Jiang Y, et al. Urinary vanadium concentration in relation to premature rupture of membranes: A birth cohort study. Chemosphere 2018;210:1035-41. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.110. PubMed
  12. Garcia-Nunez I, Algaba-Marmol MA, Suarez-Vergara M, et al. Vanadium contact dermatitis: case report and studies performed. Contact Dermatitis 2019;80(2):127-8. PubMed
  13. Zhou Y, Zhu Q, Ma W, et al. Prenatal vanadium exposure, cytokine expression, and fetal growth: a gender-specific analysis in Shanghai MCPC study. Sci Total Environ 2019;685:1152-9. PubMed
  14. Jiang S, Zhou S, Liu H, et al. Concentrations of vanadium in urine with hypertension prevalence and blood pressure levels. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021;213:112028. PubMed
  15. Zhang W, Chen H, Zeng Q, Xu S, Xia W, Li Y. Prenatal and postnatal exposure to vanadium and the immune function of children. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021;67:126787. PubMed

See these in context on the Vanadium monograph →

Gymnema 12 references
  1. Shanmugasundaram ER, Rajeswari G, Baskaran K, et al. Use of Gymnema sylvestre leaf extract in the control of blood glucose in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Ethnopharmacol 1990;30:281-94. PubMed
  2. Baskaran K, Kizar Ahamath B, Radha Shanmugasundaram K, Shanmugasundaram ER. Antidiabetic effect of leaf extract from Gymnema sylvestre in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. J Ethnopharmacol 1990;30:295-300.
  3. Kamble B, Gupta A, Moothedath I, Khatal L, Janrao S, Jadhav A, et al. Effects of Gymnema sylvestre extract on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glimepiride in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interact. 2016;245:30-8. PubMed
  4. Tiwari P, Mishra BN, Sangwan NS. Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Gymnema sylvestre: an important medicinal plant. Biomed Res Int. 2014; 2014:830285.
  5. Fabio GD, Romanucci V, De Marco A, Zarrelli A. Triterpenoids from Gymnema sylvestre and their pharmacological activities. Molecules. 2014;19(8):10956-81. PubMed
  6. Shiyovich A, Sztarkier I, Nesher L. Toxic hepatitis induced by Gymnema sylvestre, a natural remedy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Med Sci. 2010;340(6):514-7. PubMed
  7. Zuniga LY, Gonzalez-Ortiz M, Martinez-Abundis E. Effect of gymnema sylvestre administration on metabolic syndrome, insulin sensitivity, and insulin secretion. J Med Food. 2017 Aug;20(8):750-54.
  8. Rammohan B, Samit K, Chinmoy D, et al. Human cytochrome P450 enzyme modulation by gymnema sylvestre: a predictive safety evaluation by LC-MS/MS. Pharmacogn Mag. 2016 Jul;12(Suppl 4):S389-S394.
  9. Vaghela M, Sahu N, Kharkar P, Pandita N. In vivo pharmacokinetic interaction by ethanolic extract of gymnema sylvestre with CYP2C9 (tolbutamide), CYP3A4 (amlodipine) and CYP1A2 (phenacetin) in rats. Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Dec 25;278:141-151. PubMed
  10. Vaghela M, Iyer K, Pandita N. In vitro inhibitory effect of gymnema sylvestre extracts and total gymnemic acids fraction on select cytochrome P450 activities in rat liver microsomes. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2017 Oct 10. PubMed
  11. Gaytán Martínez LA, Sánchez-Ruiz LA, Zuñiga LY, González-Ortiz M, Martínez-Abundis E. Effect of Gymnema sylvestre administration on glycemic control, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. J Med Food. 2021;
  12. Philips CA, Theruvath AH, Ravindran R. Toxic hepatitis-associated aplastic anaemia after dual homeopathic remedies and Gymnema sylvestre use. BMJ Case Rep 2022;15(3):e247867. PubMed

See these in context on the Gymnema monograph →

Chromium 53 references
  1. Cerulli J, Grabe DW, Gauthier I, et al. Chromium picolinate toxicity. Ann Pharmacother 1998;32:428-31. PubMed
  2. Urberg M, Zemel MB. Evidence for synergism between chromium and nicotinic acid in the control of glucose tolerance in elderly humans. Metabolism 1987;36:896-9. PubMed
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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