Tokkyo Test 400 Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Tokkyo Test 400 against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Tokkyo Test 400 is a dietary supplement by Tokkyo Nutrition with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for anxiety and stress, sleep problems, relaxation.Based on those ingredients, 984 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are 1,3, 7-trimethyl-H-purine-2,6(3H, 7H)-dione, 4-Aminobutanoic Acid, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Tokkyo Test 400 by Tokkyo Nutrition
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Tokkyo Test 400 by Tokkyo Nutrition — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
Ask the Pharmacist
A licensed pharmacist will answer your question by email — free, usually within 24 hours.
Got it — thank you!
A licensed pharmacist will answer within 24 hours. Keep an eye on your email (worth checking spam, just in case).
HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Tokkyo Test 400 by Tokkyo Nutrition
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Tokkyo Test 400 contains 6 active ingredients in a proprietary blend. The key components are GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)—a neurotransmitter that plays a role in relaxation—chrysin, a compound from plants; diindolylmethane, a substance derived from cruciferous vegetables like broccoli; caffeine, a stimulant; tribulus, a plant extract; and 5-androsten-3beta-ol-17-one.
The capsule itself is made from gelatin, and the blend includes silica, magnesium stearate, maltodextrose, cellulose, and arginine as inactive ingredients.
Does it work?
Strong evidence
The evidence for most ingredients in this product remains unclear. GABA shows insufficient reliable evidence for anxiety, ADHD, bronchitis, cerebral palsy, and athletic performance.
Chrysin similarly lacks sufficient evidence for anxiety, cancer, HIV/AIDS, muscle strength, gout, and athletic performance. Diindolylmethane has insufficient evidence for prostate health, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical dysplasia, and breast pain.
Tribulus is possibly effective for sexual function but appears possibly ineffective for athletic performance, with insufficient evidence for prostate health. Caffeine is the only ingredient with stronger evidence—it's effective for neonatal apnea and postoperative headache, and likely effective for mental alertness and athletic performance.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
GABA is generally well tolerated for short-term use, but long-term safety hasn't been well studied; the most common side effects include drowsiness, nausea, gastric upset, muscle weakness, and minor throat burning. Chrysin is also generally well tolerated short-term, though long-term data are limited.
Diindolylmethane is well tolerated and considered likely safe, with common side effects being diarrhea, gas, headache, nausea, rash, and vomiting. Caffeine in moderate amounts is generally safe for healthy adults but high doses can cause serious effects; common effects are anxiety, insomnia, jitteriness, tremors, and nausea.
Tribulus is well tolerated short-term in healthy adults, though quality and long-term safety data are sparse; uncommon but serious side effects like liver injury, kidney injury, and seizures have been reported. Regarding pregnancy: chrysin and tribulus safety data advise against use during pregnancy; diindolylmethane is considered likely safe; and caffeine carries possibly safe and possibly unsafe ratings—talk with your doctor about safe intake limits.
For breastfeeding: chrysin and tribulus safety data advise against use; diindolylmethane and caffeine data are limited (small amounts of caffeine pass into milk and moderate intake is usually considered acceptable). We hold no pregnancy or breastfeeding data for GABA or 5-androsten-3beta-ol-17-one—ask your doctor or pharmacist for personalized guidance on these.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
Before taking Tokkyo Test 400, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you use ephedrine (or any stimulant), blood pressure medications, diabetes drugs, birth control pills or patches, blood thinners like warfarin, diclofenac or other NSAIDs, seizure medications like carbamazepine or phenobarbital, lithium, antipsychotics like clozapine, antidepressants, diuretics (water pills), barbiturates, or dipyridamole. The Major interaction between caffeine and ephedrine carries the highest risk.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with strong clinical evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This is a multi-ingredient supplement with significant medication interactions across blood pressure drugs, diabetes medications, birth control, blood thinners, seizure medications, antipsychotics, and several others—the caffeine–ephedrine combination is particularly serious. Most ingredients lack solid evidence for their claimed uses.
If you take any regular medications, check each one against our search tool before starting. Discuss this product with your doctor or pharmacist, especially if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or manage a chronic condition.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 5 of 6 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 25, 2014.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Tokkyo Test 400, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Tokkyo Nutrition |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 896896002552 |
| Net contents | 60 Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Apr 25, 2014 |
| DSLD ID | 16514 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult Male (18-50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Tokkyo Test 400 by Tokkyo Nutrition, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Proprietary Blend | 150 mg | -- |
| 4-Aminobutanoic Acid | 0 NP | -- |
| 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one | 0 NP | -- |
| 5-Androsten-3Beta-Ol-17-One | 0 NP | -- |
| 3-(1H-Indol-3-ylmethyl)-1H-indole | 0 NP | -- |
| 1,3, 7-trimethyl-H-purine-2,6(3H, 7H)-dione | 0 NP | -- |
| Tribulus extract | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Gelatin, Silica, Magnesium Stearate, Maltodextrose, Cellulose, Arginine
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
As a dietary supplement take (1) one capsules in the morning and (1) one capsules in the afternoon. For maximum absorption, take this supplement with at least 15 grams of fat. It is recommended that you take Tokkyo Liver-900 for the duration of this supplement, and take Tokkyo Letro-Z for at least two weeks after discontinuing use of this supplement.
This product is only intended to be consumed by healthy adult males 18 years of age or older.
Precautions
Warning: CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN BEFORE USING THIS PRODUCT.
Warning: NOT FOR WOMEN OR INDIVIDUALS UNDER THE AGE OF 18 YEARS.
Consult a physician or licensed qualified health care professional before using this product if you have any pre-existing medical condition including but not limited to: high or low blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmia, anxiety, depression, stroke, heart, liver, kidney or thyroid disease, seizure disorder, psychiatric disease, diabetes, prostate cancer, prostate enlargement, low "good" cholesterol (HDL), any other medical condition or if you are using any other dietary supplements, prescription drug, or over-the-counter drug. Do not exceed recommended serving. Exceeding recommended serving may cause serious adverse health effects. Possible side effects include acne, hair loss, hair growth on the face (in women) aggressiveness, irritability, and increased levels of estrogen. Discontinue use and call a physician or licensed qualified health care professional immediately if you experience rapid heartbeat, dizziness, blurred vision, or other similar symptoms.
Allergen Warning: manufactured on equipment which processes products containing milk, eggs, soybeans, fish oil, tree nuts, and peanut butter flavor.
Note: If you are a professional or amateur athlete subject to performance enhancing substances testing, do not use this product unless cleared by your sanctioning body as it may cause a false reactive result for a urine or blood drug test.
Real all label information and warnings. Do not exceed recommended dosage.
Keep out of reach of children.
General Statements
To report any adverse events call 1-800-332-1088.
CAUTION CAUTION CAUTION MUSCLE ACTIVATOR*
UNDERGROUND SERIES
Pro Testosterone* Build Muscle* Increase Strength* Increase Vascularity*
Advanced Japanese technology has influenced the formulation of the new Tokkyo Nutrition Underground Series in order to maximize every user's results. Utilizing the highest quality ingredients, Tokkyo Nutrition has made industry advancements with this specifically designed new line of products guaranteed to blow away expectations. Pumped. Rugged. Energized. Underground.
FDA Statement of Identity
DIETARY SUPPLEMENT
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place away from sunlight. Always keep tightly sealed.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Tokkyo Test 400 by Tokkyo Nutrition label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Tokkyo Test 400 by Tokkyo Nutrition
These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Proprietary Blend
- › 4-Aminobutanoic Acid
- › 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one
- › 5-Androsten-3Beta-Ol-17-One
- › 3-(1H-Indol-3-ylmethyl)-1H-indole
- › 1,3, 7-trimethyl-H-purine-2,6(3H, 7H)-dione
- › Tribulus extract
Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Silica, Magnesium Stearate, Maltodextrose, Cellulose, Arginine. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Tokkyo Test 400 by Tokkyo Nutrition Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Tokkyo Test 400 by Tokkyo Nutrition contains several ingredients with documented interactions: GABA, chrysin, diindolylmethane, caffeine, and tribulus.
The most serious interaction involves caffeine with ephedrine, a Major severity concern that can increase the risk of serious stimulant side effects including dangerously high blood pressure and heart problems.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Chrysin carries Moderate interactions with estrogens and birth control drugs—it may reduce their effectiveness—plus blood thinners (anticoagulants/antiplatelets), the NSAID diclofenac, aromatase inhibitors, and the seizure medication mephenytoin. Diindolylmethane also has Moderate concerns with estrogens, diuretics (water pills), and a Minor interaction with certain antidepressants and other drugs cleared by the liver.
GABA presents Moderate risk with blood pressure medications and Minor risk with sedatives and sleep aids. Tribulus carries Moderate interactions with blood pressure drugs, diabetes medications, and lithium.
Caffeine also has Moderate interactions with several other drugs: the barbiturates pentobarbital and phenobarbital, dipyridamole (used in stress tests), the antipsychotic clozapine, the ulcer drug cimetidine, quinolone antibiotics, and the seizure medication carbamazepine. We could not check 5-androsten-3beta-ol-17-one against our data.
Altogether, these interactions span 984 individual medications. Use the search tool below to verify whether any of your current prescriptions or over-the-counter drugs are affected before starting this product.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Tokkyo Test 400?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Tokkyo Test 400 interact with 984 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
5 of the 6 ingredients in Tokkyo Test 400 interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. 1,3, 7-trimethyl-H-purine-2,6(3H, 7H)-dione 4-Aminobutanoic Acid 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one 3-(1H-Indol-3-ylmethyl)-1H-indole Tribulus extract
Aminophylline, Amobarbital, EphedrineAmesec
How Aminophylline, Amobarbital, Ephedrine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneEphedrine, Stimulant Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk for stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Aminophylline, Amobarbital, Ephedrine interaction4-aminobutanoic AcidCns Depressants Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants.
Read the full 4-aminobutanoic Acid + Aminophylline, Amobarbital, Ephedrine interactionCarbetapentane Tannate, Chlorpheniramine Tannate, Ephedrine Tannate, Phenylephrine TannateQuadratuss, Ry Tuss, Rynatuss, Tri Tannate Plus
How Carbetapentane Tannate, Chlorpheniramine Tannate, Ephedrine Tannate, Phenylephrine Tannate interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneEphedrine, Stimulant Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk for stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Carbetapentane Tannate, Chlorpheniramine Tannate, Ephedrine Tannate, Phenylephrine Tannate interactionDyphylline, Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, PhenobarbitalLufyllin-EPG
How Dyphylline, Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs, Phenobarbital (luminal) +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Dyphylline, Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital interaction4-aminobutanoic AcidCns Depressants Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants.
Read the full 4-aminobutanoic Acid + Dyphylline, Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital interactionEphedrine, Guaifenesin (otc Drug)Ephedrine Formula 400, Ephedrine Plus Tabs
How Ephedrine, Guaifenesin (otc Drug) interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneEphedrine, Stimulant Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk for stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Ephedrine, Guaifenesin (otc Drug) interactionEphedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital, TheophyllineMudrane GG
How Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs, Theophylline +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interaction4-aminobutanoic AcidCns Depressants Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants.
Read the full 4-aminobutanoic Acid + Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interactionEphedrine, Hydroxyzine, TheophyllineAmi Rax, Marax
How Ephedrine, Hydroxyzine, Theophylline interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs, Theophylline +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Ephedrine, Hydroxyzine, Theophylline interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Ephedrine, Hydroxyzine, Theophylline interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Ephedrine, Hydroxyzine, Theophylline interactionEphedrine, Phenobarbital, Potassium Iodide, TheophyllineMudrane, Quadrinal
How Ephedrine, Phenobarbital, Potassium Iodide, Theophylline interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dionePhenobarbital (luminal), Ephedrine +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of phenobarbital and increase the risk for convulsions.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Ephedrine, Phenobarbital, Potassium Iodide, Theophylline interaction4-aminobutanoic AcidCns Depressants Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants.
Read the full 4-aminobutanoic Acid + Ephedrine, Phenobarbital, Potassium Iodide, Theophylline interactionEphedrine, Phenobarbital, TheophyllineTedral
How Ephedrine, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dionePhenobarbital (luminal), Ephedrine +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of phenobarbital and increase the risk for convulsions.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Ephedrine, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interaction4-aminobutanoic AcidCns Depressants Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants.
Read the full 4-aminobutanoic Acid + Ephedrine, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Abciximab interaction1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Abciximab interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Abrocitinib interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Abrocitinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Tribulus ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking tribulus with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Tribulus Extract + Acarbose interaction1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneAntidiabetes Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking caffeine with antidiabetes drugs might interfere with blood glucose control.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Tribulus ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking tribulus with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Tribulus Extract + Acebutolol interaction4-aminobutanoic AcidAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking GABA with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full 4-aminobutanoic Acid + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acenocoumarol interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acenocoumarol interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneGlucuronidated Drugs, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interaction1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interaction1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs, Phenylpropanolamine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interaction4-aminobutanoic AcidCns Depressants Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants.
Read the full 4-aminobutanoic Acid + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interaction4-aminobutanoic AcidCns Depressants Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants.
Read the full 4-aminobutanoic Acid + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interaction4-aminobutanoic AcidCns Depressants Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants.
Read the full 4-aminobutanoic Acid + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interaction4-aminobutanoic AcidCns Depressants Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants.
Read the full 4-aminobutanoic Acid + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interaction4-aminobutanoic AcidCns Depressants Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants.
Read the full 4-aminobutanoic Acid + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs, Diuretic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleDiuretic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might increase the risk of hyponatremia if used with sodium-depleting diuretics.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interaction4-aminobutanoic AcidCns Depressants Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants.
Read the full 4-aminobutanoic Acid + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs, Phenylpropanolamine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PseudoephedrineChildren's Tylenol Cold Plus Cough, Tylenol Cold Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic GG
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylephrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS, Histex SR, Protid
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic, Rhinogesic JR
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Tokkyo Test 400 — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dioneStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full 1,3, 7-trimethyl-h-purine-2,6(3h, 7h)-dione + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interaction3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indoleCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full 3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1h-indole + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interaction5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-oneCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chrysin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Tokkyo Test 400 with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
1,3, 7-trimethyl-H-purine-2,6(3H, 7H)-dione
Ephedrine
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk for stimulant adverse effects.
Use of ephedrine with caffeine can increase the risk of stimulatory adverse effects. There is evidence that using ephedrine with caffeine might increase the risk of serious life-threatening or debilitating adverse effects such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, seizures, and death.
Adenosine (Adenocard)
Theoretically, caffeine might decrease the vasodilatory effects of adenosine and interfere with its use prior to stress testing.
Some evidence shows that caffeine is a competitive inhibitor of adenosine and can reduce the vasodilatory effects of adenosine in humans. However, other research shows that caffeine does not seem to affect supplemental adenosine because high interstitial levels of adenosine overcome the antagonistic effects of caffeine. It is recommended that methylxanthines and methylxanthine-containing products be stopped 24 hours prior to pharmacological stress tests. However, methylxanthines appear more likely to interfere with dipyridamole (Persantine) than adenosine-induced stress testing.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, caffeine may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Caffeine is reported to have antiplatelet activity. Theoretically, it might increase the risk of bleeding when used concomitantly with these agents; however, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Beta-Adrenergic Agonists
Theoretically, large amounts of caffeine might increase the cardiac inotropic effects of beta-agonists.
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of carbamazepine and increase the risk for convulsions.
Animal research suggests that taking caffeine can lower the anticonvulsant effects of carbamazepine and can induce seizures when taken in doses above 400 mg/kg. Human research has shown that taking caffeine 300 mg in three divided doses along with carbamazepine 200 mg reduces the bioavailability of carbamazepine by 32% and prolongs the plasma half-life of carbamazepine 2-fold in healthy individuals.
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Theoretically, cimetidine might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Cimetidine decreases the rate of caffeine clearance by 31% to 42%.
Clozapine (Clozaril)
Caffeine might increase the levels and adverse effects of clozapine and acutely exacerbate psychotic symptoms.
Caffeine might increase the effects and toxicity of clozapine. Caffeine doses of 400-1000 mg per day inhibit clozapine metabolism. Clozapine is metabolized by cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2). Although researchers speculate that caffeine might inhibit CYP1A2, there is no reliable evidence that caffeine affects CYP1A2. There is also speculation that genetic factors might make some patients more sensitive to an interaction between clozapine and caffeine. In one case report, severe, life-threatening clozapine toxicity and multiorgan system failure occurred in a patient with schizophrenia stabilized on clozapine who consumed caffeine 600 mg daily.
Dipyridamole (Persantine)
Theoretically, caffeine might decrease the vasodilatory effects of dipyridamole and interfere with its use prior to stress testing.
Caffeine inhibits dipyridamole-induced vasodilation. It is recommended that methylxanthines and methylxanthine-containing products be stopped 24 hours prior to pharmacological stress tests. Methylxanthines appear more likely to interfere with dipyridamole (Persantine) than adenosine-induced stress testing.
Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Theoretically, disulfiram use might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Disulfiram decreases the rate of caffeine clearance.
Diuretic Drugs
Theoretically, using caffeine with diuretic drugs might increase the risk of hypokalemia.
Caffeine, especially in excessive amounts, can reduce potassium levels due to stimulation of the sodium-potassium pump. Diuretics can also cause lower potassium levels.
Estrogens
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Estrogen inhibits caffeine metabolism.
Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of ethosuximide and increase the risk for convulsions.
Animal research suggests that caffeine 92.4 mg/kg can decrease the anticonvulsant activity of ethosuximide. However, this effect has not been reported in humans.
Felbamate (Felbatol)
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of felbamate and increase the risk for convulsions.
Animal research suggests that a high dose of caffeine 161.7 mg/kg can decreases the anticonvulsant activity of felbamate. However, this effect has not been reported in humans.
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Theoretically, caffeine might increase the levels and adverse effects of flutamide.
In vitro evidence suggests that caffeine can inhibit the metabolism of flutamide. However, this effect has not been reported in humans.
Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
Theoretically, fluvoxamine might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Fluvoxamine reduces caffeine metabolism.
Lithium
Abrupt caffeine withdrawal might increase the levels and adverse effects of lithium.
Caffeine has diuretic activity. When abruptly discontinued, caffeine may alter the clearance of lithium. There are two case reports of lithium tremor that worsened upon abrupt coffee withdrawal and 6 case reports of elevated serum lithium levels after reducing or eliminating caffeine intake. In one case, a male with schizoaffective disorder stabilized on lithium had an elevated lithium level after reducing his caffeine intake by 87%. At a later date, he increased his caffeine intake by 6-fold, resulting in a subtherapeutic lithium level and a recurrence of psychiatric symptoms.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (Maois)
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of a hypertensive crisis.
Caffeine has been shown to inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B in laboratory studies. Concomitant intake of large amounts of caffeine with MAOIs might precipitate a hypertensive crisis. In a case report, a patient that consumed 10-12 cups of caffeinated coffee and took the MAOI tranylcypromine presented with severe hypertension. Hypertension was resolved after the patient switched to drinking decaffeinated coffee.
Nicotine
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of hypertension.
Concomitant use of caffeine and nicotine has been shown to have additive cardiovascular effects, including increased heart rate and blood pressure. Blood pressure was increased by 10.8/12.4 mmHg when the agents were used concomitantly.
Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
Theoretically, caffeine might decrease the effects of pentobarbital.
Caffeine might negate the hypnotic effects of pentobarbital.
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of phenobarbital and increase the risk for convulsions.
Animal research suggests that caffeine can decrease the anticonvulsant activity of phenobarbital. However, the exact mechanism of this interaction is unclear.
Phenylpropanolamine
Theoretically, phenylpropanolamine might increase the risk of hypertension, as well as the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Concomitant use of phenylpropanolamine and caffeine might cause an additive increase in blood pressure. Phenylpropanolamine also seems to increase caffeine serum levels.
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of phenytoin and increase the risk for convulsions.
Animal research suggests that caffeine can decrease the anticonvulsant activity of phenytoin. The effect does not seem to be related to the seizure threshold-lowering effects of caffeine. However, the exact mechanism of this interaction is unclear.
Pioglitazone (Actos)
Theoretically, caffeine might increase the levels and clinical effects of pioglitazone.
Animal research suggests that caffeine can modestly increase the maximum concentration, area under the curve, and half-life of pioglitazone, and also reduce its clearance. This increased the antidiabetic effects of pioglitazone. However, the exact mechanism of this interaction is unclear.
Quinolone Antibiotics
Theoretically, quinolone antibiotics might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Quinolones (also called fluoroquinolones) can decrease caffeine clearance by inhibiting cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) enzyme.
Riluzole (Rilutek)
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the levels and adverse effects of both caffeine and riluzole.
Caffeine and riluzole are both metabolized by cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), and concomitant use might reduce the metabolism of one or both agents.
4-Aminobutanoic Acid
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, taking GABA with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Some clinical research shows that GABA can decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants. However, it is unclear if this concern is clinically relevant.
Endogenous GABA has well-established relaxant effects and GABA(A) receptors have an established physiological role in sleep. However, the effects of GABA supplements are unclear, as it is unknown whether exogenous GABA crosses the blood-brain barrier. Although there have been limited reports of drowsiness or tiredness with GABA supplements, these effects have not been widely reported in clinical studies. Additionally, intravenous GABA 0.1-1 mg/kg has been shown to induce anxiety in a dose-dependent manner.
5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-4h-chromen-4-one
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that chrysin might inhibit platelet aggregation.
Aromatase Inhibitors
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the effects and adverse effects of aromatase inhibitors.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin might decrease estrogen synthesis by acting as an aromatase (estrogen synthetase) inhibitor..
Contraceptive Drugs
Theoretically, chrysin might reduce the efficacy of estrogen-containing contraceptive drugs.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin might have antiestrogenic activity.
Diclofenac (Voltaren, Others)
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the effects and adverse effects of diclofenac.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin and its sulfate conjugate inhibit diclofenac metabolism. It is speculated that chrysin and its sulfate conjugate reduce the metabolism of diclofenac by inhibiting cytochrome P450 2C9. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Estrogens
Theoretically, chrysin might decrease the effects of estrogen therapy.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin might have antiestrogenic activity.
Mephenytoin (Mesantoin)
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the effects and adverse effects of mephenytoin.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin and its sulfate and glucuronide conjugates inhibit S-mephenytoin metabolism. It is speculated that chrysin and its conjugates reduce the metabolism of S-mephenytoin by inhibiting cytochrome P450 2C19. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, chrysin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin inhibits CYP1A2 isozymes. However, chrysin does not appear to inhibit CYP1A2-dependent caffeine metabolism in animals. Due to chrysin's low bioavailability and rapid metabolism to glucuronide and sulfate conjugates, this interaction is unlikely.
Glucuronidated Drugs
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin might induce UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1).
Testosterone
Theoretically, chrysin might increase the effects and adverse effects of testosterone.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin and its sulfate conjugate inhibit testosterone metabolism. It is speculated that chrysin and its sulfate conjugate reduce the metabolism of testosterone by inhibiting cytochrome P450 3A4. This effect has not been reported in humans.
3-(1H-Indol-3-ylmethyl)-1H-indole
Diuretic Drugs
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might increase the risk of hyponatremia if used with sodium-depleting diuretics.
Large doses of diindolylmethane (600 mg daily) have been associated with two cases of asymptomatic hyponatremia in clinical research.
Estrogens
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might increase or decrease the effects of estrogens.
Diindolylmethane might have mild estrogenic or antiestrogenic effects. Theoretically, large amounts of diindolylmethane might interfere with hormone replacement therapy.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro evidence suggests that diindolylmethane can induce CYP1A2. Theoretically, it might increase metabolism of CYP1A2 substrates and lower serum concentrations. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Tribulus extract
Antidiabetes Drugs
Taking tribulus with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical research shows that Tribulus can lower blood glucose levels in adults with type 2 diabetes who are taking antidiabetes medications.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, taking tribulus with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Animal research shows that tribulus can lower blood pressure by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Tribulus has also demonstrated hypotensive effects in pre-hypertensive adults.
Lithium
Theoretically, tribulus might increase the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
Tribulus is thought to have diuretic properties. Due to these potential diuretic effects, tribulus might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Tokkyo Test 400, from the product label.
Tokkyo Nutrition
See all Tokkyo Nutrition products- Name
- FPL Wholesalers, LLC
- Street Address
- P.O. Box 10696
- City
- Bedford
- State
- NH
- ZipCode
- 03110
- Phone Number
- 1-866-320-0141
- Web Address
- www.tokkyonutrition.com
Tokkyo Test 400 by Tokkyo Nutrition: Common Questions
Does Tokkyo Test 400 by Tokkyo Nutrition interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Does this product interact with blood pressure medications?
Can I take this if I'm on birth control?
Is it safe to take while breastfeeding?
What are the most common side effects?
Does this supplement have solid evidence that it works?
Can I take this with my diabetes medications?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Tokkyo Test 400 is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Tokkyo Test 400’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Gamma-aminobutyric Acid (gaba)
Interacts with 419 drugsGABA is a calming chemical messenger (neurotransmitter) that your body makes on its own, and it is sold as a supplement for stress, anxiety, and sleep. The science behind oral GABA supplemen...
Read the full Gamma-aminobutyric Acid (gaba) monograph → Herb & supplement monographChrysin
Interacts with 358 drugsChrysin is a plant flavonoid sold mainly as a bodybuilding supplement claimed to raise testosterone or block estrogen, but human studies have not shown these benefits, largely because the bo...
Read the full Chrysin monograph → Herb & supplement monographDiindolylmethane
Interacts with 269 drugsDiindolylmethane (DIM) is a compound made when your body digests cruciferous vegetables, and it is sold as a supplement mainly for hormone balance and cancer prevention. Although early lab s...
Read the full Diindolylmethane monograph → Herb & supplement monographCaffeine
Interacts with 655 drugsCaffeine is a natural stimulant found in coffee, tea, and many other plants and products. In moderate amounts it can boost alertness and reduce tiredness for most healthy adults, but too muc...
Read the full Caffeine monograph → Herb & supplement monographTribulus
Interacts with 259 drugsTribulus is a plant supplement most often marketed to boost libido, testosterone, and athletic performance, but the human evidence behind these claims is weak and inconsistent. It is general...
Read the full Tribulus monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Tokkyo Test 400's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 295 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Gamma-aminobutyric Acid (gaba) 12 references
- Cavagnini F, Invitti C, Pinto M, et al. Effect of acute and repeated administration of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) on growth hormone and prolactin secretion in man. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1980;93:149-54.
- Nurnberger JI Jr, Berrettini WH, Simmons-Alling S, et al. Intravenous GABA administration is anxiogenic in man. Psychiatry Res 1986;19:113-7. PubMed
- Gershman RN, Vasilenko MA, Iliushina GG, et al. [Gammalon in the rehabilitation in infantile cerebral palsy]. Pediatr.Akus.Ginekol. 1977;(6):26-7.
- Loeb C, Benassi E, Bo, GP, et al. Preliminary evaluation of the effect of GABA and phosphatidylserine in epileptic patients. Epilepsy Res. 1987;1:209-12 . PubMed
- Inoue K, Shirai T, Ochiai H, et al. Blood-pressure-lowering effect of a novel fermented milk containing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in mild hypertensives. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003;57:490-95.
- ELLIOTT, K. A. and JASPER, H. H. Gammaaminobutyric acid. Physiol Rev. 1959;39(2):383-406.
- Winsky-Sommerer, R. Role of GABAA receptors in the physiology and pharmacology of sleep. Eur.J.Neurosci. 2009;29(9):1779-1794.
- Meldrum, B. S. GABAergic mechanisms in the pathogenesis and treatment of epilepsy. Br.J.Clin.Pharmacol. 1989;27 Suppl 1:3S-11S. PubMed
- Loeb, C., Marinari, U. M., Benassi, E., Besio, G., Cottalasso, D., Cupello, A., Maffini, M., Mainardi, P., Pronzato, M. A., and Scotto, P. A. Phosphatidylserine increases in vivo the synaptosomal uptake of exogenous GABA in rats. Exp.Neurol. 1988;99(2):4 PubMed
- Melis, G. B., Paoletti, A. M., Mais, V., and Fioretti, P. Interference of dopamine infusion on gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)-stimulated prolactin increase. J.Endocrinol.Invest 1980;3(4):445-448.
- Boonstra E, de Kleijn R, Colzato LS, Alkemade A, Forstmann BU, Nieuwenhuis S. Neurotransmitters as food supplements: the effects of GABA on brain and behavior. Front Psychol. 2015 Oct 6;6:1520. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01520. eCollection 2015. PubMed
- de Bie TH, Witkamp RF, Balvers MG, Jongsma MA. Effects of ?-aminobutyric acid supplementation on glucose control in adults with prediabetes: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2023;118(3):708-719. PubMed
See these in context on the Gamma-aminobutyric Acid (gaba) monograph →
Chrysin 23 references
- Galijatovic A, Otake Y, Walle UK, Walle T. Extensive metabolism of the flavonoid chrysin by human Caco-2 and Hep G2 cells. Xenobiotica 1999;29:1241-56. PubMed
- Lee H, Yeom H, Kim YG, et al. Structure-related inhibition of human hepatic caffeine N3-demethylation by naturally occurring flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol 1998;55:1369-75. PubMed
- Galijatovic A, Walle UK, Walle T. Induction of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase by the flavonoids chrysin and quercetin in Caco-2 cells. Pharm Res 2000;17:21-6.
- Walle UK, Galijatovic A, Walle T. Transport of the flavonoid chrysin and its conjugated metabolites by the human intestinal cell line Caco-2. Biochem Pharmacol 1999;58:431-8. PubMed
- Kao YC, Zhou C, Sherman M, et al. Molecular basis of the inhibition of human aromatase (estrogen synthetase) by flavone and isoflavone phytoestrogens: A site-directed mutagenesis study. Environ Health Perspect 1998;106:85-92. PubMed
- Jeong HJ, Shin YG, Kim IH, Pezzuto JM. Inhibition of aromatase activity by flavonoids. Arch Pharm Res 1999;22:309-12. PubMed
- Walle T, Otake Y, Galijatovic A, et al. Induction of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A1 by the flavonoid chrysin in the human hepatoma cell line hep G2. Drug Metab Dispos 2000;28:1077-82. DOI
- Walle T, Otake Y, Brubaker JA, et al. Disposition and metabolism of the flavonoid chrysin in normal volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2001;51:143-6. DOI
- Galijatovic A, Otake Y, Walle UK, Walle T. Induction of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A1 by the flavonoid chrysin in Caco-2 cells--potential role in carcinogen bioinactivation. Pharm Res 2001;18:374-9. PubMed
- Lautraite S, Musonda AC, Doehmer J, et al. Flavonoids inhibit genetic toxicity produced by carcinogens in cells expressing CYP1A2 and CYP1A1. Mutagenesis 2002;17:45-53. PubMed
- Han, D. H., Denison, M. S., Tachibana, H., and Yamada, K. Relationship between estrogen receptor-binding and estrogenic activities of environmental estrogens and suppression by flavonoids. Biosci.Biotechnol.Biochem 2002;66(7):1479-1487. PubMed
- O'Leary, K. A., de Pascual-Tereasa, S., Needs, P. W., Bao, Y. P., O'Brien, N. M., and Williamson, G. Effect of flavonoids and vitamin E on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) transcription. Mutat.Res 7-13-2004;551(1-2):245-254. PubMed
- Woodman, O. L. and Chan, E. C. Vascular and anti-oxidant actions of flavonols and flavones. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2004;31(11):786-790. PubMed
- Simons, A. L., Renouf, M., Hendrich, S., and Murphy, P. A. Human gut microbial degradation of flavonoids: structure-function relationships. J Agric.Food Chem 5-18-2005;53(10):4258-4263. PubMed
- Kim, H. J., Lee, S. B., Park, S. K., Kim, H. M., Park, Y. I., and Dong, M. S. Effects of hydroxyl group numbers on the B-ring of 5,7-dihydroxyflavones on the differential inhibition of human CYP 1A and CYP1B1 enzymes. Arch Pharm Res 2005;28(10):1114-1121 PubMed
- Moon, Y. J., Wang, X., and Morris, M. E. Dietary flavonoids: effects on xenobiotic and carcinogen metabolism. Toxicol In Vitro 2006;20(2):187-210. PubMed
- Landolfi, R., Mower, R. L., and Steiner, M. Modification of platelet function and arachidonic acid metabolism by bioflavonoids. Structure-activity relations. Biochem Pharmacol 5-1-1984;33(9):1525-1530. PubMed
- Tsyrlov, I. B., Mikhailenko, V. M., and Gelboin, H. V. Isozyme- and species-specific susceptibility of cDNA-expressed CYP1A P-450s to different flavonoids. Biochim.Biophys Acta 4-13-1994;1205(2):325-335. PubMed
- Collins, B. M., McLachlan, J. A., and Arnold, S. F. The estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of phytochemicals with the human estrogen receptor expressed in yeast. Steroids 1997;62(4):365-372. PubMed
- Kuiper, G. G., Lemmen, J. G., Carlsson, B., Corton, J. C., Safe, S. H., van der Saag, P. T., van der Burg, B., and Gustafsson, J. A. Interaction of estrogenic chemicals and phytoestrogens with estrogen receptor beta. Endocrinology 1998;139(10):4252-4263. PubMed
- Liu G, Xie W, He AD, et al. Antiplatelet activity of chrysin via inhibiting platelet aIIbß3-mediated signaling pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016;60(9):1984-93.
- Noh K, Oh do G, Nepal MR, et al. Pharmacokinetic interaction of chrysin with caffeine in rats. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016;24(4):446-52. PubMed
- Mohos V, Fliszár-Nyúl E, Ungvári O, et al. Effects of Chrysin and Its Major Conjugated Metabolites Chrysin-7-Sulfate and Chrysin-7-Glucuronide on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and on OATP, P-gp, BCRP, and MRP2 Transporters. Drug Metab Dispos 2020;48(10):1064-10 PubMed
Diindolylmethane 14 references
- Natl Inst Health, Natl Inst Environmental Health Sci. Indole-3-carbinol. Available at: http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov.
- Balk JL. Indole-3-carbinol for cancer prevention. Altern Med Alert 2000; 3:105-7.
- Riby JE, Chang GHF, Firestone GL, Bjeldanes LF. Ligand-independent activation of estrogen receptor function by 3,3'-diindolylmethane in human breast cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2000;60:167-77. PubMed
- Lake BG, Tredger JM, Renwick AB, et al. 3'3-diindolylmethane induces CYP1A2 in cultured precision-cut human liver slices. Xenobiotica 1998;28:803-11. PubMed
- Dalessandri, K. M., Firestone, G. L., Fitch, M. D., Bradlow, H. L., and Bjeldanes, L. F. Pilot study: effect of 3,3'-diindolylmethane supplements on urinary hormone metabolites in postmenopausal women with a history of early-stage breast cancer. Nutr Canc PubMed
- Reed, G. A., Arneson, D. W., Putnam, W. C., Smith, H. J., Gray, J. C., Sullivan, D. K., Mayo, M. S., Crowell, J. A., and Hurwitz, A. Single-dose and multiple-dose administration of indole-3-carbinol to women: pharmacokinetics based on 3,3'-diindolylmetha
- Reed, G. A., Sunega, J. M., Sullivan, D. K., Gray, J. C., Mayo, M. S., Crowell, J. A., and Hurwitz, A. Single-dose pharmacokinetics and tolerability of absorption-enhanced 3,3'-diindolylmethane in healthy subjects. Cancer Epidemiol.Biomarkers Prev. 2008; PubMed
- Del Priore G., Gudipudi, D. K., Montemarano, N., Restivo, A. M., Malanowska-Stega, J., and Arslan, A. A. Oral diindolylmethane (DIM): pilot evaluation of a nonsurgical treatment for cervical dysplasia. Gynecol.Oncol. 2010;116(3):464-467. PubMed
- Heath, E. I., Heilbrun, L. K., Li, J., Vaishampayan, U., Harper, F., Pemberton, P., and Sarkar, F. H. A phase I dose-escalation study of oral BR-DIM (BioResponse 3,3'- Diindolylmethane) in castrate-resistant, non-metastatic prostate cancer. Am.J.Transl.R
- Jellinck, P. H., Forkert, P. G., Riddick, D. S., Okey, A. B., Michnovicz, J. J., and Bradlow, H. L. Ah receptor binding properties of indole carbinols and induction of hepatic estradiol hydroxylation. Biochem.Pharmacol. 3-9-1993;45(5):1129-1136. PubMed
- Bui PV, Moualla M, Upson DJ. A Possible Association of Diindolylmethane with Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Venous Thrombosis. Case Rep Med. 2016;2016:7527098. PubMed
- Castañon A, Tristram A, Mesher D, Powell N, Beer H, Ashman S, Rieck G, Fielder H, Fiander A, Sasieni P. Effect of diindolylmethane supplementation on low-grade cervical cytological abnormalities: double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Br J Cancer. 20 PubMed
- Le TM, Sanders CJ, van de Corput L, van Erpecum KJ, Röckmann H. Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms caused by the dietary supplement diindolylmethane. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2016 Jan-Feb;4(1):175-6. PubMed
- Pence ST, Mehta K, Crum-Bailey J. The Serious Side of Supplements: An Ischemic Stroke in a Healthy 38-year-old Female. Mil Med 2022. PubMed
Caffeine 236 references
- McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
- Harder S, Fuhr U, Staib AH, Wolff T. Ciprofloxacin-caffeine: a drug interaction established using in vivo and in vitro investigations. Am J Med 1989;87:89S-91S. PubMed
- Carbo M, Segura J, De la Torre R, et al. Effect of quinolones on caffeine disposition. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1989;45:234-40. PubMed
- Healy DP, Polk RE, Kanawati L, et al. Interaction between oral ciprofloxacin and caffeine in normal volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989;33:474-8. PubMed
- Mester R, Toren P, Mizrachi I, et al. Caffeine withdrawal increases lithium blood levels. Biol Psychiatry 1995;37:348-50. PubMed
- Jefferson JW. Lithium tremor and caffeine intake: two cases of drinking less and shaking more. J Clin Psychiatry 1988;49:72-3.
- Joeres R, Klinker H, Heusler H, et al. Influence of mexiletine on caffeine elimination. Pharmacol Ther 1987;33:163-9. PubMed
- Vahedi K, Domingo V, Amarenco P, Bousser MG. Ischemic stroke in a sportsman who consumed MaHuang extract and creatine monohydrate for bodybuilding. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 2000;68:112-3.
- Wakabayashi K, Kono S, Shinchi K, et al. Habitual coffee consumption and blood pressure: A study of self-defense officials in Japan. Eur J Epidemiol 1998;14:669-73. PubMed
- Hodgson JM, Puddey IB, Burke V, et al. Effects on blood pressure of drinking green and black tea. J Hypertens 1999;17:457-63. PubMed
- Rapuri PB, Gallagher JC, Kinyamu HK, Ryschon KL. Caffeine intake increases the rate of bone loss in elderly women and interacts with vitamin D receptor genotypes. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;74:694-700. PubMed
- The National Toxicology Program (NTP). Caffeine. Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction (CERHR). Available at: http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/common/caffeine.html.
- Klebanoff MA, Levine RJ, DerSimonian R, et al. Maternal serum paraxanthine, a caffeine metabolite, and the risk of spontaneous abortion. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1639-44. PubMed
- Eskenazi B. Caffeine—filtering the facts. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1688-9. PubMed
- Fernandes O, Sabharwal M, Smiley T, et al. Moderate to heavy caffeine consumption during pregnancy and relationship to spontaneous abortion and abnormal fetal growth: a meta-analysis. Reprod Toxicol 1998;12:435-44. PubMed
- Pollock BG, Wylie M, Stack JA, et al. Inhibition of caffeine metabolism by estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. J Clin Pharmacol 1999;39:936-40. PubMed
- Nurminen ML, Niittynen L, Korpela R, Vapaatalo H. Coffee, caffeine and blood pressure: a critical review. Eur J Clin Nutr 1999;53:831-9. PubMed
- Dews PB, Curtis GL, Hanford KJ, O'Brien CP. The frequency of caffeine withdrawal in a population-based survey and in a controlled, blinded pilot experiment. J Clin Pharmacol 1999;39:1221-32. PubMed
- FDA. Proposed rule: dietary supplements containing ephedrine alkaloids. Available at: www.verity.fda.gov (Accessed 25 January 2000).
- Briggs GB, Freeman RK, Yaffe SJ. Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1998.
- Hagg S, Spigset O, Mjorndal T, Dahlqvist R. Effect of caffeine on clozapine pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2000;49:59-63. PubMed
- Tobias JD. Caffeine in the treatment of apnea associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in neonates and infants. South Med J 2000;93:297-304. DOI
- Watson JM, Jenkins EJ, Hamilton P, et al. Influence of caffeine on the frequency and perception of hypoglycemia in free-living patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2000;23:455-9. PubMed
- Lloyd T, Johnson-Rollings N, Eggli DF, et al. Bone status among postmenopausal women with different habitual caffeine intakes: a longitudinal investigation. J Am Coll Nutr 2000;19:256-61. PubMed
- American Academy of Pediatrics. The transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. Pediatrics 2001;108:776-89. PubMed
- Sinclair CJ, Geiger JD. Caffeine use in sports. A pharmacological review. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2000;40:71-9.
- Haller CA, Benowitz NL. Adverse cardiovascular and central nervous system events associated with dietary supplements containing ephedra alkaloids. N Engl J Med 2000;343:1833-8. PubMed
- Ali M, Afzal M. A potent inhibitor of thrombin stimulated platelet thromboxane formation from unprocessed tea. Prostaglandins Leukot Med 1987;27:9-13. PubMed
- Ardlie NG, Glew G, Schultz BG, Schwartz CJ. Inhibition and reversal of platelet aggregation by methyl xanthines. Thromb Diath Haemorrh 1967;18:670-3. DOI
- Ferrini RL, Barrett-Connor E. Caffeine intake and endogenous sex steroid levels in postmenopausal women. The Rancho Bernardo Study. Am J Epidemiol 1996:144:642-4. PubMed
- Avisar R, Avisar E, Weinberger D. Effect of coffee consumption on intraocular pressure. Ann Pharmacother 2002;36:992-5.. PubMed
- Bell DG, Jacobs I, Ellerington K. Effect of caffeine and ephedrine ingestion on anaerobic exercise performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001;33:1399-403. PubMed
- Horner NK, Lampe JW. Potential mechanisms of diet therapy for fibrocystic breast conditions show inadequate evidence of effectiveness. J Am Diet Assoc 2000;100:1368-80. PubMed
- Bracken MB, Triche EW, Belanger K, et al. Association of maternal caffeine consumption with decrements in fetal growth. Am J Epidemiol 2003;157:456-66.. PubMed
- McGowan JD, Altman RE, Kanto WP Jr. Neonatal withdrawal symptoms after chronic maternal ingestion of caffeine. South Med J 1988;81:1092-4.. PubMed
- Massey LK. Is caffeine a risk factor for bone loss in the elderly? Am J Clin Nutr 2001;74:569-70. PubMed
- Dreher HM. The effect of caffeine reduction on sleep quality and well-being in persons with HIV. J Psychosom Res 2003;54:191-8.. PubMed
- Kockler DR, McCarthy MW, Lawson CL. Seizure activity and unresponsiveness after hydroxycut ingestion. Pharmacotherapy 2001;21:647-51.. PubMed
- Schechter MD, Timmons GD. Objectively measured hyperactivity--II. Caffeine and amphetamine effects. J Clin Pharmacol 1985;25:276-80.. PubMed
- Nix D, Zelenitsky S, Symonds W, et al. The effect of fluconazole on the pharmacokinetics of caffeine in young and elderly subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1992;51:183. DOI
- Infante S, Baeza ML, Calvo M, et al. Anaphylaxis due to caffeine. Allergy 2003;58:681-2. PubMed
- Massey LK, Whiting SJ. Caffeine, urinary calcium, calcium metabolism and bone. J Nutr 1993;123:1611-4. PubMed
- Nawrot P, Jordan S, Eastwood J, et al. Effects of caffeine on human health. Food Addit Contam 2003;20:1-30. PubMed
- May DC, Jarboe CH, VanBakel AB, Williams WM. Effects of cimetidine on caffeine disposition in smokers and nonsmokers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1982;31:656-61. PubMed
- Abernethy DR, Todd EL. Impairment of caffeine clearance by chronic use of low-dose oestrogen-containing oral contraceptives. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1985;28:425-8. PubMed
- Brown NJ, Ryder D, Branch RA. A pharmacodynamic interaction between caffeine and phenylpropanolamine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1991;50:363-71. PubMed
- Sanderink GJ, Bournique B, Stevens J, et al. Involvement of human CYP1A isoenzymes in the metabolism and drug interactions of riluzole in vitro. Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997;282:1465-72. DOI
- Wahllander A, Paumgartner G. Effect of ketoconazole and terbinafine on the pharmacokinetics of caffeine in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1989;37:279-83. PubMed
- Carrillo JA, Benitez J. Clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions between dietary caffeine and medications. Clin Pharmacokinet 2000;39:127-53. PubMed
- Underwood DA. Which medications should be held before a pharmacologic or exercise stress test? Cleve Clin J Med 2002;69:449-50. PubMed
- Aqel RA, Zoghbi GJ, Trimm JR, et al. Effect of caffeine administered intravenously on intracoronary-administered adenosine-induced coronary hemodynamics in patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 2004;93:343-6. PubMed
- Zheng XM, Williams RC. Serum caffeine levels after 24-hour abstention: clinical implications on dipyridamole (201)Tl myocardial perfusion imaging. J Nucl Med Technol 2002;30:123-7.
- Institute of Medicine. Caffeine for the Sustainment of Mental Task Performance: Formulations for Military Operations. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001. Available at: http://books.nap.edu/books/0309082587/html/index.html. DOI
- Dews PB, O'Brien CP, Bergman J. Caffeine: behavioral effects of withdrawal and related issues. Food Chem Toxicol 2002;40:1257-61. PubMed
- Beach CA, Mays DC, Guiler RC, et al. Inhibition of elimination of caffeine by disulfiram in normal subjects and recovering alcoholics. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1986;39:265-70. PubMed
- Juliano LM, Griffiths RR. A critical review of caffeine withdrawal: empirical validation of symptoms and signs, incidence, severity, and associated features. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2004;176:1-29. PubMed
- Winkelmayer WC, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Curhan GC. Habitual caffeine intake and the risk of hypertension in women. JAMA 2005;294:2330-5. PubMed
- Raaska K, Raitasuo V, Laitila J, Neuvonen PJ. Effect of caffeine-containing versus decaffeinated coffee on serum clozapine concentrations in hospitalised patients. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2004;94:13-8. DOI
- Forrest WH Jr, Bellville JW, Brown BW Jr. The interaction of caffeine with pentobarbital as a nighttime hypnotic. Anesthesiology 1972;36:37-41. PubMed
- Lake CR, Rosenberg DB, Gallant S, et al. Phenylpropanolamine increases plasma caffeine levels. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1990;47:675-85. PubMed
- Weng X, Odouli R, Li DK. Maternal caffeine consumption during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage: a prospective cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008;198:279.e1-8. PubMed
- Savitz DA, Chan RL, Herring AH, et al. Caffeine and miscarriage risk. Epidemiology 2008;19:55-62. PubMed
- Shet, M. S., McPhaul, M., Fisher, C. W., Stallings, N. R., and Estabrook, R. W. Metabolism of the antiandrogenic drug (Flutamide) by human CYP1A2. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997;25(11):1298-1303.
- Staib, A. H., Stille, W., Dietlein, G., Shah, P. M., Harder, S., Mieke, S., and Beer, C. Interaction between quinolones and caffeine. Drugs 1987;34 Suppl 1:170-174. PubMed
- Stille, W., Harder, S., Mieke, S., Beer, C., Shah, P. M., Frech, K., and Staib, A. H. Decrease of caffeine elimination in man during co-administration of 4-quinolones. J.Antimicrob.Chemother. 1987;20(5):729-734. PubMed
- Fuhr, U., Strobl, G., Manaut, F., Anders, E. M., Sorgel, F., Lopez-de-Brinas, E., Chu, D. T., Pernet, A. G., Mahr, G., Sanz, F., and . Quinolone antibacterial agents: relationship between structure and in vitro inhibition of the human cytochrome P450 isof
- Kot, M. and Daniel, W. A. Effect of diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) and ticlopidine on CYP1A2 activity and caffeine metabolism: an in vitro comparative study with human cDNA-expressed CYP1A2 and liver microsomes. Pharmacol Rep. 2009;61(6):1216-1220. PubMed
- Gasior, M., Borowicz, K., Buszewicz, G., Kleinrok, Z., and Czuczwar, S. J. Anticonvulsant activity of phenobarbital and valproate against maximal electroshock in mice during chronic treatment with caffeine and caffeine discontinuation. Epilepsia 1996;37(3 PubMed
- Jankiewicz, K., Chroscinska-Krawczyk, M., Blaszczyk, B., and Czuczwar, S. J. [Caffeine and antiepileptic drugs: experimental and clinical data]. Przegl.Lek. 2007;64(11):965-967.
- Luszczki, J. J., Zuchora, M., Sawicka, K. M., Kozinska, J., and Czuczwar, S. J. Acute exposure to caffeine decreases the anticonvulsant action of ethosuximide, but not that of clonazepam, phenobarbital and valproate against pentetrazole-induced seizures i
- Chroscinska-Krawczyk, M., Jargiello-Baszak, M., Walek, M., Tylus, B., and Czuczwar, S. J. Caffeine and the anticonvulsant potency of antiepileptic drugs: experimental and clinical data. Pharmacol.Rep. 2011;63(1):12-18. PubMed
- Vaz, J., Kulkarni, C., David, J., and Joseph, T. Influence of caffeine on pharmacokinetic profile of sodium valproate and carbamazepine in normal human volunteers. Indian J.Exp.Biol. 1998;36(1):112-114.
- Gasior, M., Swiader, M., Przybylko, M., Borowicz, K., Turski, W. A., Kleinrok, Z., and Czuczwar, S. J. Felbamate demonstrates low propensity for interaction with methylxanthines and Ca2+ channel modulators against experimental seizures in mice. Eur.J Phar PubMed
- Balogh, A., Klinger, G., Henschel, L., Borner, A., Vollanth, R., and Kuhnz, W. Influence of ethinylestradiol-containing combination oral contraceptives with gestodene or levonorgestrel on caffeine elimination. Eur.J.Clin.Pharmacol. 1995;48(2):161-166. PubMed
- Mohiuddin, M., Azam, A. T., Amran, M. S., and Hossain, M. A. In vive effects of gliclazide and metformin on the plasma concentration of caffeine in healthy rats. Pak.J Biol Sci 5-1-2009;12(9):734-737.
- Mays, D. C., Camisa, C., Cheney, P., Pacula, C. M., Nawoot, S., and Gerber, N. Methoxsalen is a potent inhibitor of the metabolism of caffeine in humans. Clin.Pharmacol.Ther. 1987;42(6):621-626. PubMed
- Wojcikowski, J. and Daniel, W. A. Perazine at therapeutic drug concentrations inhibits human cytochrome P450 isoenzyme 1A2 (CYP1A2) and caffeine metabolism--an in vitro study. Pharmacol Rep. 2009;61(5):851-858. PubMed
- Daniel, W. A., Syrek, M., Rylko, Z., and Kot, M. Effects of phenothiazine neuroleptics on the rate of caffeine demethylation and hydroxylation in the rat liver. Pol.J Pharmacol 2001;53(6):615-621.
- Norager, C. B., Jensen, M. B., Weimann, A., and Madsen, M. R. Metabolic effects of caffeine ingestion and physical work in 75-year old citizens. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2006;65(2):223-228. PubMed
- Bailey, D. N., Weibert, R. T., Naylor, A. J., and Shaw, R. F. A study of salicylate and caffeine excretion in the breast milk of two nursing mothers. J.Anal.Toxicol. 1982;6(2):64-68. PubMed
- Griffiths, R. R. and Chausmer, A. L. Caffeine as a model drug of dependence: recent developments in understanding caffeine withdrawal, the caffeine dependence syndrome, and caffeine negative reinforcement. Nihon Shinkei Seishin Yakurigaku Zasshi 2000;20(
- Karacan, I., Thornby, J. I., Anch, M., Booth, G. H., Williams, R. L., and Salis, P. J. Dose-related sleep disturbances induced by coffee and caffeine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1976;20(6):682-689. PubMed
- Quirce, G. S., Freire, P., Fernandez, R. M., Davila, I., and Losada, E. Urticaria from caffeine. J.Allergy Clin Immunol. 1991;88(4):680-681. PubMed
- Hughes, J. R., Higgins, S. T., Bickel, W. K., Hunt, W. K., Fenwick, J. W., Gulliver, S. B., and Mireault, G. C. Caffeine self-administration, withdrawal, and adverse effects among coffee drinkers. Arch.Gen.Psychiatry 1991;48(7):611-617. PubMed
- Adams, B. A. and Brubaker, R. F. Caffeine has no clinically significant effect on aqueous humor flow in the normal human eye. Ophthalmology 1990;97(8):1030-1031. PubMed
- Davis, R. H. Does caffeine ingestion affect intraocular pressure?. Ophthalmology 1989;96(11):1680-1681. PubMed
- Higginbotham, E. J., Kilimanjaro, H. A., Wilensky, J. T., Batenhorst, R. L., and Hermann, D. The effect of caffeine on intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients. Ophthalmology 1989;96(5):624-626.
- Wrenn, K. D. and Oschner, I. Rhabdomyolysis induced by a caffeine overdose. Ann.Emerg.Med. 1989;18(1):94-97. PubMed
- Pola, J., Subiza, J., Armentia, A., Zapata, C., Hinojosa, M., Losada, E., and Valdivieso, R. Urticaria caused by caffeine. Ann.Allergy 1988;60(3):207-208.
- Lane, J. D. and Williams, R. B., Jr. Cardiovascular effects of caffeine and stress in regular coffee drinkers. Psychophysiology 1987;24(2):157-164. PubMed
- Shirlow, M. J. and Mathers, C. D. A study of caffeine consumption and symptoms; indigestion, palpitations, tremor, headache and insomnia. Int.J.Epidemiol. 1985;14(2):239-248. PubMed
- Stillner, V., Popkin, M. K., and Pierce, C. M. Caffeine-induced delirium during prolonged competitive stress. Am.J.Psychiatry 1978;135(7):855-856. PubMed
- Levy, M. and Zylber-Katz, E. Caffeine metabolism and coffee-attributed sleep disturbances. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1983;33(6):770-775. PubMed
- Brown, S. L., Salive, M. E., Pahor, M., Foley, D. J., Corti, M. C., Langlois, J. A., Wallace, R. B., and Harris, T. B. Occult caffeine as a source of sleep problems in an older population. J.Am.Geriatr.Soc. 1995;43(8):860-864. PubMed
- Sung, B. H., Whitsett, T. L., Lovallo, W. R., al'Absi, M., Pincomb, G. A., and Wilson, M. F. Prolonged increase in blood pressure by a single oral dose of caffeine in mildly hypertensive men. Am.J Hypertens. 1994;7(8):755-758. PubMed
- Caballero, T., Garcia-Ara, C., Pascual, C., Diaz-Pena, J. M., and Ojeda, A. Urticaria induced by caffeine. J.Investig.Allergol.Clin Immunol. 1993;3(3):160-162.
- Smits, P., Temme, L., and Thien, T. The cardiovascular interaction between caffeine and nicotine in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1993;54(2):194-204. PubMed
- Garrett, B. E. and Griffiths, R. R. Physical dependence increases the relative reinforcing effects of caffeine versus placebo. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1998;139(3):195-202. PubMed
- Lane, J. D. and Phillips-Bute, B. G. Caffeine deprivation affects vigilance performance and mood. Physiol Behav. 1998;65(1):171-175. PubMed
- Boekema, P. J., Samsom, M., van Berge Henegouwen, G. P., and Smout, A. J. Coffee and gastrointestinal function: facts and fiction. A review. Scand J Gastroenterol.Suppl 1999;230:35-39. PubMed
- Terry, P., Lagergren, J., Wolk, A., and Nyren, O. Reflux-inducing dietary factors and risk of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia. Nutr Cancer 2000;38(2):186-191.
- Pollak, C. P. and Bright, D. Caffeine consumption and weekly sleep patterns in US seventh-, eighth-, and ninth-graders. Pediatrics 2003;111(1):42-46. PubMed
- DiBaise, J. K. A randomized, double-blind comparison of two different coffee-roasting processes on development of heartburn and dyspepsia in coffee-sensitive individuals. Dig.Dis.Sci 2003;48(4):652-656. PubMed
- Wang, J. H., Luo, J. Y., Dong, L., Gong, J., and Tong, M. Epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a general population-based study in Xi'an of Northwest China. World J Gastroenterol. 6-1-2004;10(11):1647-1651. PubMed
- Naliboff, B. D., Mayer, M., Fass, R., Fitzgerald, L. Z., Chang, L., Bolus, R., and Mayer, E. A. The effect of life stress on symptoms of heartburn. Psychosom.Med 2004;66(3):426-434. PubMed
- Massey, L. K. and Sutton, R. A. Acute caffeine effects on urine composition and calcium kidney stone risk in calcium stone formers. J.Urol. 2004;172(2):555-558. PubMed
- Tavani, A. and La, Vecchia C. Coffee, decaffeinated coffee, tea and cancer of the colon and rectum: a review of epidemiological studies, 1990-2003. Cancer Causes Control 2004;15(8):743-757. PubMed
- Noordzij, M., Uiterwaal, C. S., Arends, L. R., Kok, F. J., Grobbee, D. E., and Geleijnse, J. M. Blood pressure response to chronic intake of coffee and caffeine: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Hypertens. 2005;23(5):921-928. PubMed
- Chandrasekaran, S., Rochtchina, E., and Mitchell, P. Effects of caffeine on intraocular pressure: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. J Glaucoma. 2005;14(6):504-507. PubMed
- Morgan, J. C. and Sethi, K. D. Drug-induced tremors. Lancet Neurol. 2005;4(12):866-876. PubMed
- Doan, B. K., Hickey, P. A., Lieberman, H. R., and Fischer, J. R. Caffeinated tube food effect on pilot performance during a 9-hour, simulated nighttime U-2 mission. Aviat.Space Environ Med 2006;77(10):1034-1040.
- Whalen, D. J., Silk, J. S., Semel, M., Forbes, E. E., Ryan, N. D., Axelson, D. A., Birmaher, B., and Dahl, R. E. Caffeine consumption, sleep, and affect in the natural environments of depressed youth and healthy controls. J Pediatr.Psychol. 2008;33(4):35 PubMed
- MacKenzie, T., Comi, R., Sluss, P., Keisari, R., Manwar, S., Kim, J., Larson, R., and Baron, J. A. Metabolic and hormonal effects of caffeine: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Metabolism 2007;56(12):1694-1698. PubMed
- Mort, J. R. and Kruse, H. R. Timing of blood pressure measurement related to caffeine consumption. Ann Pharmacother. 2008;42(1):105-110.
- Ganmaa, D., Willett, W. C., Li, T. Y., Feskanich, D., van Dam, R. M., Lopez-Garcia, E., Hunter, D. J., and Holmes, M. D. Coffee, tea, caffeine and risk of breast cancer: a 22-year follow-up. Int J Cancer 5-1-2008;122(9):2071-2076. PubMed
- Killgore, W. D., Rupp, T. L., Grugle, N. L., Reichardt, R. M., Lipizzi, E. L., and Balkin, T. J. Effects of dextroamphetamine, caffeine and modafinil on psychomotor vigilance test performance after 44 h of continuous wakefulness. J Sleep Res 2008;17(3):3 PubMed
- Ozsungur, S., Brenner, D., and El-Sohemy, A. Fourteen well-described caffeine withdrawal symptoms factor into three clusters. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009;201(4):541-548. PubMed
- Ishitani, K., Lin, J., Manson, J. E., Buring, J. E., and Zhang, S. M. Caffeine consumption and the risk of breast cancer in a large prospective cohort of women. Arch Intern Med 10-13-2008;168(18):2022-2031. PubMed
- Tunnicliffe, J. M., Erdman, K. A., Reimer, R. A., Lun, V., and Shearer, J. Consumption of dietary caffeine and coffee in physically active populations: physiological interactions. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2008;33(6):1301-1310. PubMed
- Sin, C. W., Ho, J. S., and Chung, J. W. Systematic review on the effectiveness of caffeine abstinence on the quality of sleep. J Clin Nurs. 2009;18(1):13-21. PubMed
- Lopez-Garcia, E., Rodriguez-Artalejo, F., Rexrode, K. M., Logroscino, G., Hu, F. B., and van Dam, R. M. Coffee consumption and risk of stroke in women. Circulation 3-3-2009;119(8):1116-1123. PubMed
- Zhang, W., Lopez-Garcia, E., Li, T. Y., Hu, F. B., and van Dam, R. M. Coffee consumption and risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality among men with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009;32(6):1043-1045. PubMed
- Killgore, W. D., Kahn-Greene, E. T., Grugle, N. L., Killgore, D. B., and Balkin, T. J. Sustaining executive functions during sleep deprivation: A comparison of caffeine, dextroamphetamine, and modafinil. Sleep 2-1-2009;32(2):205-216. PubMed
- Natale, F., Cirillo, C., Di Marco, G. M., di Vetta, L. S., Aronne, L., Siciliano, A., Mocerino, R., Tedesco, M. A., Golino, P., and Calabro, R. When chewing gum is more than just a bad habit. Lancet 5-30-2009;373(9678):1918. PubMed
- Calamaro, C. J., Mason, T. B., and Ratcliffe, S. J. Adolescents living the 24/7 lifestyle: effects of caffeine and technology on sleep duration and daytime functioning. Pediatrics 2009;123(6):e1005-e1010. PubMed
- Koran, L. M., Aboujaoude, E., and Gamel, N. N. Double-blind study of dextroamphetamine versus caffeine augmentation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2009;70(11):1530-1535. PubMed
- Luebbe, A. M. and Bell, D. J. Mountain Dew or mountain don't?: a pilot investigation of caffeine use parameters and relations to depression and anxiety symptoms in 5th- and 10th-grade students. J Sch Health 2009;79(8):380-387.
- Skouroliakou, M., Bacopoulou, F., and Markantonis, S. L. Caffeine versus theophylline for apnea of prematurity: a randomised controlled trial. J Paediatr.Child Health 2009;45(10):587-592. PubMed
- Urade, Y. [Molecular mechanisms of insomnia]. Nippon Rinsho 2009;67(8):1489-1493.
- Montandon, G., Horner, R. L., Kinkead, R., and Bairam, A. Caffeine in the neonatal period induces long-lasting changes in sleep and breathing in adult rats. J Physiol 11-15-2009;587(Pt 22):5493-5507. PubMed
- Addicott, M. A. and Laurienti, P. J. A comparison of the effects of caffeine following abstinence and normal caffeine use. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009;207(3):423-431. PubMed
- Hashim, H. and Al, Mousa R. Management of fluid intake in patients with overactive bladder. Curr.Urol.Rep. 2009;10(6):428-433. PubMed
- Moisey, L. L., Robinson, L. E., and Graham, T. E. Consumption of caffeinated coffee and a high carbohydrate meal affects postprandial metabolism of a subsequent oral glucose tolerance test in young, healthy males. Br.J Nutr. 2010;103(6):833-841. PubMed
- Chroscinska-Krawczyk, M., Ratnaraj, N., Patsalos, P. N., and Czuczwar, S. J. Effect of caffeine on the anticonvulsant effects of oxcarbazepine, lamotrigine and tiagabine in a mouse model of generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Pharmacol Rep. 2009;61(5):819 PubMed
- Attwood, A., Terry, P., and Higgs, S. Conditioned effects of caffeine on performance in humans. Physiol Behav 3-3-2010;99(3):286-293. PubMed
- Skinner, T. L., Jenkins, D. G., Coombes, J. S., Taaffe, D. R., and Leveritt, M. D. Dose response of caffeine on 2000-m rowing performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42(3):571-576. PubMed
- Holick, C. N., Smith, S. G., Giovannucci, E., and Michaud, D. S. Coffee, tea, caffeine intake, and risk of adult glioma in three prospective cohort studies. Cancer Epidemiol.Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(1):39-47. PubMed
- Simmonds, M. J., Minahan, C. L., and Sabapathy, S. Caffeine improves supramaximal cycling but not the rate of anaerobic energy release. Eur.J Appl Physiol 2010;109(2):287-295. PubMed
- Buscemi, S., Verga, S., Batsis, J. A., Donatelli, M., Tranchina, M. R., Belmonte, S., Mattina, A., Re, A., and Cerasola, G. Acute effects of coffee on endothelial function in healthy subjects. Eur.J Clin Nutr. 2010;64(5):483-489. PubMed
- Rigato, I., Blarasin, L., and Kette, F. Severe hypokalemia in 2 young bicycle riders due to massive caffeine intake. Clin J Sport Med. 2010;20(2):128-130. PubMed
- Greenwood, D. C., Alwan, N., Boylan, S., Cade, J. E., Charvill, J., Chipps, K. C., Cooke, M. S., Dolby, V. A., Hay, A. W., Kassam, S., Kirk, S. F., Konje, J. C., Potdar, N., Shires, S., Simpson, N., Taub, N., Thomas, J. D., Walker, J., White, K. L., and
- Mevcha, A., Gulur, D. M., and Gillatt, D. Diagnosing urological disorders in ageing men. Practitioner 2010;254(1726):25-9, 2.
- Brick, C. A., Seely, D. L., and Palermo, T. M. Association between sleep hygiene and sleep quality in medical students. Behav Sleep Med 2010;8(2):113-121. PubMed
- Digdon, N. L. Circadian preference and college students' beliefs about sleep education. Chronobiol.Int 2010;27(2):297-317. PubMed
- Boos, C. J., White, S. H., Bland, S. A., and McAllister, P. D. Dietary supplements and military operations: caution is advised. J R.Army Med Corps 2010;156(1):41-43. PubMed
- Casiglia, E., Bongiovi, S., Paleari, C. D., Petucco, S., Boni, M., Colangeli, G., Penzo, M., and Pessina, A. C. Haemodynamic effects of coffee and caffeine in normal volunteers: a placebo-controlled clinical study. J.Intern.Med. 1991;229(6):501-504. PubMed
- Aguggia, M. and Saracco, M. G. Pathophysiology of migraine chronification. Neurol.Sci 2010;31 Suppl 1:S15-S17. PubMed
- Torelli, P. and Manzoni, G. C. Fasting headache. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2010;14(4):284-291.
- Farag, N. H., Whitsett, T. L., McKey, B. S., Wilson, M. F., Vincent, A. S., Everson-Rose, S. A., and Lovallo, W. R. Caffeine and blood pressure response: sex, age, and hormonal status. J Womens Health (Larchmt.) 2010;19(6):1171-1176. PubMed
- Ernest, D., Chia, M., and Corallo, C. E. Profound hypokalaemia due to Nurofen Plus and Red Bull misuse. Crit Care Resusc. 2010;12(2):109-110. DOI
- Suen, L. K., Tam, W. W., and Hon, K. L. Association of sleep hygiene-related factors and sleep quality among university students in Hong Kong. Hong.Kong.Med.J 2010;16(3):180-185.
- Stafford, L. D., Wright, C., and Yeomans, M. R. The drink remains the same: implicit positive associations in high but not moderate or non-caffeine users. Psychol.Addict.Behav. 2010;24(2):274-281. PubMed
- Conen, D., Chiuve, S. E., Everett, B. M., Zhang, S. M., Buring, J. E., and Albert, C. M. Caffeine consumption and incident atrial fibrillation in women. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;92(3):509-514. PubMed
- Freire, R. C., Perna, G., and Nardi, A. E. Panic disorder respiratory subtype: psychopathology, laboratory challenge tests, and response to treatment. Harv.Rev.Psychiatry 2010;18(4):220-229. PubMed
- Reis, J. P., Loria, C. M., Steffen, L. M., Zhou, X., van, Horn L., Siscovick, D. S., Jacobs, D. R., Jr., and Carr, J. J. Coffee, decaffeinated coffee, caffeine, and tea consumption in young adulthood and atherosclerosis later in life: the CARDIA study. A PubMed
- Clausen, T. Hormonal and pharmacological modification of plasma potassium homeostasis. Fundam.Clin Pharmacol 2010;24(5):595-605. PubMed
- Kujawa-Hadrys, M., Tosik, D., and Bartel, H. Changes in thickness of each layer of developing chicken cornea after administration of caffeine. Folia Histochem.Cytobiol. 2010;48(2):273-277. PubMed
- Boggs, D. A., Palmer, J. R., Stampfer, M. J., Spiegelman, D., Adams-Campbell, L. L., and Rosenberg, L. Tea and coffee intake in relation to risk of breast cancer in the Black Women's Health Study. Cancer Causes Control 2010;21(11):1941-1948. PubMed
- Li, S., Zhu, S., Jin, X., Yan, C., Wu, S., Jiang, F., and Shen, X. Risk factors associated with short sleep duration among Chinese school-aged children. Sleep Med. 2010;11(9):907-916. PubMed
- Gronroos, N. N. and Alonso, A. Diet and risk of atrial fibrillation - epidemiologic and clinical evidence -. Circ.J 2010;74(10):2029-2038. PubMed
- Knight, J. M., Avery, E. F., Janssen, I., and Powell, L. H. Cortisol and depressive symptoms in a population-based cohort of midlife women. Psychosom.Med. 2010;72(9):855-861. PubMed
- Porkka-Heiskanen, T. Methylxanthines and sleep. Handb.Exp.Pharmacol 2011;(200):331-348. PubMed
- Mostofsky, E., Schlaug, G., Mukamal, K. J., Rosamond, W. D., and Mittleman, M. A. Coffee and acute ischemic stroke onset: the Stroke Onset Study. Neurology 11-2-2010;75(18):1583-1588. PubMed
- Orozco-Gregorio, H., Mota-Rojas, D., Bonilla-Jaime, H., Trujillo-Ortega, M. E., Becerril-Herrera, M., Hernandez-Gonzalez, R., and Villanueva-Garcia, D. Effects of administration of caffeine on metabolic variables in neonatal pigs with peripartum asphyxia PubMed
- Li, G. Z., Zhang, N., Du, P., Yang, Y., Wu, S. L., Xiao, Y. X., Jin, R., Liu, L., Shen, H., and Dai, Y. Risk factors for interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms: a Chinese multi-center study. Chin Med
- Duvnjak-Zaknich, D. M., Dawson, B. T., Wallman, K. E., and Henry, G. Effect of caffeine on reactive agility time when fresh and fatigued. Med.Sci.Sports Exerc. 2011;43(8):1523-1530. PubMed
- Astorino, T. A., Martin, B. J., Schachtsiek, L., Wong, K., and Ng, K. Minimal effect of acute caffeine ingestion on intense resistance training performance. J Strength.Cond.Res 2011;25(6):1752-1758. PubMed
- Kivity, S., Ben Aharon, Y., Man, A., and Topilsky, M. The effect of caffeine on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Chest 1990;97(5):1083-1085. PubMed
- Lubin, F. and Ron, E. Consumption of methylxanthine-containing beverages and the risk of breast cancer. Cancer Lett. 1990;53(2-3):81-90. PubMed
- Smits, P., Lenders, J. W., and Thien, T. Caffeine and theophylline attenuate adenosine-induced vasodilation in humans. Clin.Pharmacol.Ther. 1990;48(4):410-418. PubMed
- Rossignol, A. M. and Bonnlander, H. Caffeine-containing beverages, total fluid consumption, and premenstrual syndrome. Am.J.Public Health 1990;80(9):1106-1110. PubMed
- Birkett, N. J. and Logan, A. G. Caffeine-containing beverages and the prevalence of hypertension. J Hypertens.Suppl 1988;6(4):S620-S622. PubMed
- Fraumeni, J. F., Jr., Scotto, J., and Dunham, L. J. Coffee-drinking and bladder cancer. Lancet 11-27-1971;2(7735):1204. PubMed
- Greden, J. F. Anxiety or caffeinism: a diagnostic dilemma. Am J Psychiatry 1974;131(10):1089-1092. PubMed
- Whitsett, T. L., Manion, C. V., and Christensen, H. D. Cardiovascular effects of coffee and caffeine. Am.J.Cardiol. 3-15-1984;53(7):918-922. PubMed
- Firestone, P., Poitras-Wright, H., and Douglas, V. The effects of caffeine on hyperactive children. J.Learn.Disabil. 1978;11(3):133-141. PubMed
- Thomas, F. B., Steinbaugh, J. T., Fromkes, J. J., Mekhjian, H. S., and Caldwell, J. H. Inhibitory effect of coffee on lower esophageal sphincter pressure. Gastroenterology 1980;79(6):1262-1266. DOI
- Linn, S., Schoenbaum, S. C., Monson, R. R., Rosner, B., Stubblefield, P. G., and Ryan, K. J. No association between coffee consumption and adverse outcomes of pregnancy. N.Engl.J Med 1-21-1982;306(3):141-145. PubMed
- Cohen, S. Pathogenesis of coffee-induced gastrointestinal symptoms. N.Engl.J Med 7-17-1980;303(3):122-124. PubMed
- Feldman, M. and Barnett, C. Relationships between the acidity and osmolality of popular beverages and reported postprandial heartburn. Gastroenterology 1995;108(1):125-131. PubMed
- Quinlan, P., Lane, J., and Aspinall, L. Effects of hot tea, coffee and water ingestion on physiological responses and mood: the role of caffeine, water and beverage type. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1997;134(2):164-173. PubMed
- Youngstedt, S. D., O'Connor, P. J., Crabbe, J. B., and Dishman, R. K. Acute exercise reduces caffeine-induced anxiogenesis. Med.Sci Sports Exerc. 1998;30(5):740-745. PubMed
- Kaminsky, L. A., Martin, C. A., and Whaley, M. H. Caffeine consumption habits do not influence the exercise blood pressure response following caffeine ingestion. J.Sports Med.Phys.Fitness 1998;38(1):53-58.
- McManamy, M. C. and Schube, P. G. Caffeine intoxication: report of a case the symptoms of which amounted to a psychosis. New England Journal of Medicine 1936;215:616-620. DOI
- Richter, J. E., Katz, P. O., and Waring, J. P. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. IFFGD 2000;
- Hsu, C., Harden, R. N., and Houle, T. Nicotine and caffeine intake in complex regional pain syndrome. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation 2002;16(1):33-38. PubMed
- Luebbe, A. M. Child and Adolescent Anxiety Sensitivity, Perceived Subjective Effects of Caffeine and Caffeine Consumption. J Caffeine Res 2011;1(4):213-218. DOI
- Li-Neng, Y., Greenstadt, L., and Shapiro, D. Effects of caffeine on blood pressure:A cross-cultural comparison. Psychophysiology 1983;20
- Fotherby, M. D., Ghandi, C., Haigh, R. A., Macdonald, T. A., and Potter, J. F. Sustained caffeine use has no pressor effect in the elderly. Cardiology in the Elderly 1994;2(6):499-503.
- Basurto Ona X, Uriona Tuma SM, Martínez García L, Solà I, Bonfill Cosp X. Drug therapy for preventing post-dural puncture headache. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 28;2:CD001792. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001792.pub3. Review. PubMed
- Beaudoin MS, Allen B, Mazzetti G, Sullivan PJ, Graham TE. Caffeine ingestion impairs insulin sensitivity in a dose-dependent manner in both men and women. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2013;38(2):140-7. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2012-0201. Epub 2012 9. PubMed
- Caldeira D, Martins C, Alves LB, Pereira H, Ferreira JJ, Costa J. Caffeine does not increase the risk of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Heart. 2013;99(19):1383-9. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-303950. Re PubMed
- Chen L, Bell EM, Browne ML, Druschel CM, Romitti PA, Schmidt RJ, Burns TL, Moslehi R, Olney RS; National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Maternal caffeine consumption and risk of congenital limb deficiencies. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2012 De PubMed
- Chen LW, Wu Y, Neelakantan N, Chong MF, Pan A, van Dam RM. Maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy is associated with risk of low birth weight: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. BMC Med. 2014 19;12:174. doi: 10.1186/s12916-014-0174-6 PubMed
- Cheng M, Hu Z, Lu X, Huang J, Gu D. Caffeine intake and atrial fibrillation incidence: dose response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Can J Cardiol. 2014 Apr;30(4):448-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.12.026. Epub 2014 2. Review. PubMed
- Chiaffarino F, Bravi F, Cipriani S, Parazzini F, Ricci E, Viganò P, La Vecchia C. Coffee and caffeine intake and risk of endometriosis: a meta-analysis. Eur J Nutr. 2014 Oct;53(7):1573-9. doi: 10.1007/s00394-014-0662-7. Epub 2014 31. PubMed
- Greenwood DC, Thatcher NJ, Ye J, Garrard L, Keogh G, King LG, Cade JE. Caffeine intake during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol. 2014;29(10):725-34. doi: 10.1007/s10654-014-9944-x. PubMed
- Jiang W, Wu Y, Jiang X. Coffee and caffeine intake and breast cancer risk: an updated dose-response meta-analysis of 37 published studies. Gynecol Oncol. 2013 Jun;129(3):620-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.03.014. Epub 2013 25. Review. PubMed
- Lee SM, Choi NK, Lee BC, Cho KH, Yoon BW, Park BJ. Caffeine-containing medicines increase the risk of hemorrhagic stroke. Stroke. 2013 Aug;44(8):2139-43. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.674077. Epub 2013 6. PubMed
- Sanikini H, Dik VK, Siersema PD, Bhoo-Pathy N, Uiterwaal CS, Peeters PH, González CA, Zamora-Ros R, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Roswall N, Boutron-Ruault MC, Fagherazzi G, Racine A, Kühn T, Katzke V, Boeing H, Trichopoulou A, Trichopoulos D, Lagiou P, Palli
- Simonin C, Duru C, Salleron J, Hincker P, Charles P, Delval A, Youssov K, Burnouf S, Azulay JP, Verny C, Scherer C, Tranchant C, Goizet C, Debruxelles S, Defebvre L, Sablonnière B, Romon-Rousseaux M, Buée L, Destée A, Godefroy O, Dürr A, Landwehrmeyer B;
- Szpak A, Allen D. A case of acute suicidality following excessive caffeine intake. J Psychopharmacol. 2012 Nov;26(11):1502-10. doi: 10.1177/0269881112442788. Epub 2012 2. PubMed
- van der Hoeven N, Visser I, Schene A, van den Born BJ. Severe hypertension related to caffeinated coffee and tranylcypromine: a case report. Ann Intern Med. 2014 May 6;160(9):657-8. doi: 10.7326/L14-5009-8. No abstract available. PubMed
- Dixit S, Stein PK, Dewland TA, Dukes JW, Vittinghoff E, Heckbert SR, Marcus GM. Consumption of Caffeinated Products and Cardiac Ectopy. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 26;5(1). pii: e002503. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002503. PubMed
- Sheppard SG. A preliminary investigation of ibogaine: case reports and recommendations for further study. J Subst Abuse Treat. 1994 Jul-Aug;11(4):379-85. PubMed
- Zuchinali P, Riberio PA, Pimentel M, da Rosa PR, Zimerman LI, Rohde LE. Effect of caffeine on ventricular arrhythmia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental and clinical studies. Europace 2016 Feb;18(2):257-66. PubMed
- Rhee J, Kim R, Kim Y, et al. Maternal caffeine consumption during pregnancy and risk of low birth weight: a dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS One. 2015 Jul 20;10(7):e0132334. PubMed
- Zuchinali P, Souza GC, Pimentel M, et al. Short-term effects of high-dose caffeine on cardiac arrhythmias in patients with heart failure: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2016 Dec 1;176(12):1752-59. PubMed
- Lystrup RM, Leggit JC. Caffeine toxicity due to supplement use in caffeine - naïve individual: a cautionary tale. Mil Med. 2015 Aug;180(8):e936-40. PubMed
- Magdalan J, Zawadzki M, Skowronek R, et al. Nonfatal and fata intoxications with pure caffeine - report of three different cases. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2017 Sep;13(3):355-58.
- Trexler ET, Smith-Ryan AE, Roelofs EJ, Hirsch KR, Persky AM, Mock AG. Effects of coffee and caffeine anhydrous intake during creatine loading. J Strength Cond Res. 2016 May;30(5):1438-46. PubMed
- Lagier D, Nee L, Guieu R, et al. Peri-operative oral caffeine does not prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation after heart valve surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2018 Apr 26. [Epub ahead of DOI
- Voskoboinik A, Kalman JM, Kistler PM. Caffeine and arrhythmias: time to grind the data. JACC: Clin Electrophysiol. 2018;4(4):425-32. PubMed
- Wang HR, Woo YS, Bahk WM. Caffeine-induced psychiatric manifestations: a review. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2015 Jul;30(4):179-82. PubMed
- Wikoff D, Welsh BT, Henderson R, et al. Systematic review of the potential adverse effects of caffeine consumption in healthy adults, pregnant women, adolescents, and children. Food Chem Toxicol 2017;109:585-648. PubMed
- Vliegenthart R, Miedema M, Hutten GJ, van Kaam AH, Onland W. High versus standard dose caffeine for apnoea: a systematic review. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2018;103(6):F523-9. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2017-313556. PubMed
- Modzelewska D, Bellocco R, Elfvin A, et al. Caffeine exposure during pregnancy, small for gestational age birth and neonatal outcome - results from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2019;19(1):80. PubMed
- Shen JG, Brooks MB, Cincotta J, Manjourides JD. Establishing a relationship between the effect of caffeine and duration of endurance athletic time trial events: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport. 2019;22(2):232-238. PubMed
- Berglundh S, Vollrath M, Brantsæter AL, et al. Maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and child neurodevelopment up to eight years of age-Results from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study. Eur J Nutr. 2020. PubMed
- Jin F, Qiao C. Association of maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy with low birth weight, childhood overweight, and obesity: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Int J Obes (Lond). 2020. PubMed
- Krittanawong C, Tunhasiriwet A, Wang Z, et al. Is caffeine or coffee consumption a risk for new-onset atrial fibrillation? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2020:2047487320908385. PubMed
- Zhang H, Lee ZX, Qiu A. Caffeine intake and cognitive functions in children. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2020;237(10):3109-3116. PubMed
- Stojanovic E, Scanlan AT, Milanovic Z, Fox JL, Stankovic R, Dalbo VJ. Acute caffeine supplementation improves jumping, sprinting, and change-of-direction performance in basketball players when ingested in the morning but not evening. Eur J Sport Sci. 2021 PubMed
- Zheng KH, Zhu K, Wactawski-Wende J, et al. Caffeine intake from coffee and tea and invasive breast cancer incidence among postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative. Int J Cancer 2021;149(12):2032-2044. PubMed
- Wang S, Li X, Yang Y, et al. Does coffee, tea and caffeine consumption reduce the risk of incident breast cancer? A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr 2021;24(18):6377-6389. PubMed
- Alshabi AM, Alkahtani SA, Shaikh IA, Habeeb MS. Caffeine modulates pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of pioglitazone in diabetic rats: Impact on therapeutics. Saudi Med J 2021;42(2):151-160. PubMed
- Hinkle SN, Gleason JL, Yisahak SF, et al. Assessment of Caffeine Consumption and Maternal Cardiometabolic Pregnancy Complications. JAMA Netw Open 2021;4(11):e2133401. PubMed
- Yartsev A, Peisah C. Caffeine-clozapine interaction associated with severe toxicity and multiorgan system failure: a case report. BMC Psychiatry 2021;21(1):192. PubMed
- Tinawi M. Severe Rhabdomyolysis Due to Strenuous Exercise With a Potential Role of a High-Caffeine Energy Drink. Cureus 2022;14(1):e20867. PubMed
- Gleason JL, Sundaram R, Mitro SD, et al. Association of maternal caffeine consumption during pregnancy with child growth. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(10):e2239609. PubMed
- Ismail RIH, Awad HA, Saber M, Shehata BM. Bone mineral content for preterm neonates treated with caffeine using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry: An observational study. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2023;16(1):129-135. PubMed
- Zhao J, Huang Y, Yu X. Caffeine intake and the risk of incident kidney stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2022;54(10):2457-2466. PubMed
- Abbas-Hashemi SA, Hosseininasab D, Rastgoo S, Shiraseb F, Asbaghi O. The effects of caffeine supplementation on blood pressure in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023;58:165-177. PubMed
- Oliphant EA, Hanning SM, McKinlay CJD, Alsweiler JM. Caffeine for apnea and prevention of neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Perinatol 2024;44(6):785-801. PubMed
- Kühne T, Wallace E, Herzig D, et al. Combined intake of caffeine and low-dose glucose to reduce exercise-related hypoglycaemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes on ultra-long-acting insulin degludec: A randomized, controlled, double-blind, cross-over tr
- Song JJ, Eyabi JC, Awatramani PD, Mitchell BG, Nene SY. Sudden Reduction in Caffeine Intake Increases Serum Lithium Concentration to Supratherapeutic Level: A Case Report. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2024;26(2):23cr03642. PubMed
Tribulus 10 references
- Sharifi AM, Darabi R, Akbarloo N. Study of antihypertensive mechanism of Tribulus terrestris in 2K1C hypertensive rats: role of tissue ACE activity. Life Sci 2003;73:2963-71. PubMed
- Walker D, Bird A, Flora T, O'Sullivan B. Some effects of feeding Tribulus terrestris, Ipomoea lonchophylla and the seed of Abelmoschus ficulneus on fetal development and the outcome of pregnancy in sheep. Reprod Fertil Dev 1992;4:135-44. PubMed
- Al-Ali M, Wahbi S, Twaij H, Al-Badr A. Tribulus terrestris: preliminary study of its diuretic and contractile effects and comparison with Zea mays. J Ethnopharmacol 2003;85:257-60. PubMed
- Tabakova, P., Dimitrov, M., Ognyanov, K., and et al. Clinical study of Tribestan in females with endocrine sterility. Documentation for Registration (unpublished) 1999.
- Akhtari E, Raisi F, Keshavarz M, et al. Tribulus terrestris for treatment of sexual dysfunction in women: randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Daru 2014;22:40. PubMed
- Ryan M, Lazar I, Nadasdy GM, et al. Acute kidney injury and hyperbilirubinemia in a young male after ingestion of Tribulus terrestris. Clin Nephrol 2015;83(3):177-83. PubMed
- Postigo S, Lima SM, Yamada SS, et al. Assessment of the effects of Tribulus terrestris on sexual function of menopausal women. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2016;38(3):140-6. PubMed
- Talasaz AH, Abbasi MR, Abkhiz S, Dashti-Khavidaki S. Tribulus terrestris-induced severe nephrotoxicity in a young healthy male. Nephrol Dial Tranplant 2010;25(11):3792-3. PubMed
- Samani NB, Jokar A, Soveid M, Heydari M, Mosavat SH. Efficacy of the hydroalcoholic extract of Tribulus terrestris on the serum glucose and lipid profile of women with diabetes mellitus: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Evid
- Siddiqui MA, Itrat M, Mobeen A, Khan MI. Efficacy of khar-i-khasak (Tribulus terrestris Linn.) in prehypertension: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Complement Integr Med. 2021.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC