Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 5 of 6 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Triple Potency Liver Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Healthy 'N Fit

Capsule Category: Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Triple Potency Liver is a dietary supplement by Healthy 'N Fit with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for liver health and fatty liver, brain and memory support, prenatal nutrition and fetal development.Based on those ingredients, 750 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Niacin, Riboflavin, Vitamin B-12. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Triple Potency Liver by Healthy 'N Fit

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 5 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Triple Potency Liver contains 5 active ingredients. Choline supports cell function and brain health.

Riboflavin (vitamin B-2) helps your body turn food into energy. Vitamin B-12 is essential for nerve function and red blood cell formation.

Niacin (vitamin B-3) plays a role in metabolism and circulation. Beef liver, pure, is included as a whole-food nutrient source.

The capsule shell is made from bovine gelatin.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: protein and nutrient supplementation for athletic performance.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Physical performance, Fatigue, Pellagra, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), Muscle recovery — and 2 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Niacin is rated "Likely Effective" for Pellagra (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Choline is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance.
  • Also on file: Vitamin B12 is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Physical performance.

The evidence for these ingredients varies. Vitamin B-12 is effective for treating B-12 deficiency itself and is likely effective for cyanide poisoning; it's possibly effective for canker sores and nerve pain (postherpetic neuralgia).

Niacin is likely effective for pellagra (a B-3 deficiency disease) and possibly effective for certain HIV-related cholesterol problems and metabolic syndrome. For choline, the evidence is insufficient to rate it for age-related memory loss, liver health, hay fever, or Alzheimer's disease; it's rated possibly ineffective for athletic performance.

We hold no effectiveness data for riboflavin or beef liver in this product.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Choline Riboflavin Vitamin B12 Niacin Liver Extract

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

These ingredients are generally well tolerated at normal levels. Choline is likely safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding when used at the right doses, but high-dose supplements (above 3.5 grams daily) can cause fishy body odor, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and sweating.

Riboflavin is very safe because excess washes out in your urine; it may turn urine bright yellow at high doses but is likely safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding at recommended amounts. Vitamin B-12 is very safe with no upper limit and is likely safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Niacin at dietary amounts is safe, but high supplemental doses can cause flushing (affecting up to 70% of users), stomach upset, liver problems, and rarely muscle damage or blood clotting issues—high-dose niacin should be avoided in pregnancy and breastfeeding unless prescribed. We hold no safety data for beef liver, pure.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Choline Riboflavin Vitamin B12 Niacin Liver Extract

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Choline, Niacin, Vitamin B12, Riboflavin, Liver Extract.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 751 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, have your pharmacist check these medication types: blood pressure medications (risk of low blood pressure), diabetes drugs (niacin can raise blood sugar), other drugs toxic to the liver, blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs, cholesterol-lowering statins, gout medications like allopurinol or probenecid, bile acid sequestrants (cholesterol binders), tetracycline antibiotics, and metformin (diabetes medication).

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product is best suited for people looking to support liver health and B-vitamin status with a whole-food approach. If you take blood pressure medications, diabetes drugs, blood thinners, statins, tetracycline antibiotics, gout medications, metformin, or any liver-metabolized drug, check your exact medications with our tool before starting.

Chat with your pharmacist or doctor, especially if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or managing any chronic condition.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 23, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Triple Potency Liver, straight from the product label.

Brand Healthy 'N Fit
Barcode (UPC) 799750002104
Net contents 500 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jan 23, 2025
DSLD ID 322599
Product type Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Triple Potency Liver by Healthy 'N Fit, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
4 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
4 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
125
UPC/BARCODE
799750002104
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories10 Calorie(s)--
Calories from Fat0 Calorie(s)--
Protein2 Gram(s)4%
Total Fat0 Gram(s)--
Choline30 mg5%
Riboflavin150 mcg12%
Vitamin B-125 mcg188%
Niacin750 mcg5%
Beef Liver, Pure3000 mg--

Other ingredients: Bovine Gelatin

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula

Triple Potency Liver contains the highest quality 100% pure Argentine beef liver, which is hormone-free.

Triple Potency Liver is an excellent source of naturally occurring vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients.

Contains: 100% beef protein/amino acids

Argentine beef liver

For decades, Triple Potency Liver has played an important role in the supplement regimens of many athletes, bodybuilders, and those seeking to add extra high-quality complete protein/amino acids and important nutrients to their diet.

Formulation

For decades, Triple Potency Liver has played an important role in the supplement regimens of many athletes, bodybuilders, and those seeking to add extra high-quality complete protein/amino acids and important nutrients to their diet.

Triple Potency Liver is produced under low heat to help preserve the extensive nutrient profile and contains no added hormones. It is also important to note that Triple Potency Liver contains no fillers (such as whey) as seen in many competing brands.

Supports increased lean body mass

Hormone-free/fat free No fillers.

This is a natural product and the appearance may vary.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent any disease.

General Statements

America's #1 brand - technology and purity

A proper diet and exercise program are essential for reaching your training goals.

FDA Statement of Identity

Advanced Dietary Supplement

Seals/Symbols

Made in the USA from domestic and imported materials

Brand IP Statement(s)

Copyright 2021, 1980

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: As a dietary supplement, beginner or intermediate athletes should take 1 serving (4 capsules) daily. Advanced athletes should take 1-2 servings (4-8 capsules) daily. Best when taken between meals or after workouts to help maintain a positive nitrogen balance and anabolic activity.

Precautions

As a reminder, it is always recommended to check with your physician before taking any dietary supplements, changing your diet, or starting an exercise program, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, taking any medications, or have a medical condition.

This product is formulated for adults, keep out of the reach of children.

If this product or any product does not agree with you, stop taking them.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place. Do not refrigerate.

See for yourself

Triple Potency Liver by Healthy 'N Fit label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Triple Potency Liver by Healthy 'N Fit

These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size4 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container125 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Protein

2 Gram(s) per serving

Choline

Interacts with
16 drugs
30 mg per serving

Choline is an essential nutrient your body needs for liver function, brain health, and nerve signaling, and many people get enough from foods like egg...

Choline monograph & interactions

Riboflavin

Interacts with
20 drugs
150 mcg per serving

Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is an essential nutrient your body needs to turn food into energy and to keep skin, eyes, and nerves healthy. It is generally...

Riboflavin monograph & interactions

Vitamin B-12

Interacts with
20 drugs
5 mcg per serving

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential nutrient your body needs to make red blood cells, keep nerves healthy, and support DNA. Supplements are very h...

Vitamin B-12 monograph & interactions

Niacin

Interacts with
727 drugs
750 mcg per serving

Niacin (vitamin B3) is an essential nutrient your body needs for energy and metabolism, and deficiency is uncommon in most developed countries. Prescr...

Niacin monograph & interactions

Beef Liver, Pure

Interacts with
3 drugs
3000 mg per serving

Liver extract is a dried or concentrated form of animal liver that is naturally rich in iron, vitamin B12, vitamin A, and other nutrients. It was once...

Beef Liver, Pure monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Bovine Gelatin. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Triple Potency Liver by Healthy 'N Fit Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Triple Potency Liver?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
750Drugs
733 Moderate 17 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Niacin 727
Choline 16

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Triple Potency Liver with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Niacin15 drug types · 727 drugs

Alcohol (Ethanol)

Concomitant use of alcohol and niacin might increase the risk of flushing and hepatotoxicity.
Alcohol can exacerbate the flushing and pruritus associated with niacin. Large doses of niacin might also exacerbate liver dysfunction associated with chronic alcohol use. A case report describes delirium and lactic acidosis in a patient taking niacin 3 grams daily who ingested 1 liter of wine. Advise patients to avoid large amounts of alcohol while taking niacin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Allopurinol (Zyloprim)

Theoretically, niacin might antagonize the therapeutic effects of uricosurics such as allopurinol.
Large doses of niacin can reduce urinary excretion of uric acid, potentially resulting in hyperuricemia. Doses of uricosurics such as allopurinol might need to be increased to maintain control of gout in patients who start taking niacin. People who have frequent attacks of gout despite uricosuric therapy should avoid niacin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, niacin may have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Several cases of clotting factor synthesis deficiency and coagulopathy have been reported in patients taking sustained-release niacin. Also, thrombocytopenia has been reported in patients treated with niacin or niacin plus lovastatin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Niacin can increase blood glucose levels and may diminish the effects of antidiabetes drugs.
Niacin impairs glucose tolerance in a dose-dependent manner, probably by causing or aggravating insulin resistance and increasing hepatic production of glucose. In diabetes patients, niacin 4.5 grams daily for 5 weeks can increase plasma glucose by an average of 16% and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by 21%. However, lower doses of 1.5 grams daily or less appear to have minimal effects on blood glucose. In some patients, glucose levels increase when niacin is started, but then return to baseline when a stable dose is reached. Up to 35% of patients with diabetes may need adjustments in hypoglycemic therapy when niacin is added.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, niacin may increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
The vasodilating effects of niacin can cause hypotension. Furthermore, some clinical evidence suggests that a one-hour infusion of niacin can reduce systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure in hypertensive patients. This effect is not observed in normotensive patients.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Bile Acid Sequestrants

Bile acid sequestrants can bind niacin and decrease absorption. Separate administration by 4-6 hours to avoid an interaction.
In vitro studies show that colestipol (Colestid) binds about 98% of available niacin and cholestyramine (Questran) binds 10% to 30%.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Gemfibrozil (Lopid)

Theoretically, concomitant use of niacin and gemfibrozil might increase the risk of myopathy in some patients.
A case of myopathy from concomitant use of niacin and gemfibrozil has been reported. Niacin alone has also been associated with cases of myopathy. Using gemfibrozil with niacin might further increase the risk of developing myopathy.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Hepatotoxic Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of niacin and hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of hepatotoxicity.
Niacin has been associated with cases of liver toxicity, especially when used in pharmacologic doses. Sustained-release niacin preparations appear to be associated with a higher risk of hepatotoxicity than immediate-release niacin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Hmg-Coa Reductase Inhibitors ("Statins")

Theoretically, concomitant use of niacin and statins might increase the risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis in some patients.
Some case reports have raised concerns that niacin might increase the risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis when combined with statins. However, a significantly increased risk of myopathy has not been demonstrated in clinical trials, including those using an FDA-approved combination of lovastatin and niacin (Advicor).

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Probenecid (Benemid)

Theoretically, niacin might antagonize the therapeutic effects of uricosurics such as probenecid.
Large doses of niacin reduce urinary excretion of uric acid, potentially causing hyperuricemia. Doses of uricosurics such as probenecid might need to be increased to maintain control of gout in patients who start taking niacin. People who have frequent attacks of gout despite uricosuric therapy should avoid niacin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Sulfinpyrazone (Anturane)

Theoretically, niacin might antagonize the therapeutic effects of uricosurics such as sulfinpyrazone.
Large doses of niacin reduce urinary excretion of uric acid, potentially causing hyperuricemia. Doses of uricosurics such as sulfinpyrazone might need to be increased to maintain control of gout in patients who start taking niacin. People who have frequent attacks of gout despite uricosuric therapy should avoid niacin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, niacin might antagonize the therapeutic effects of thyroid hormones.
Clinical research and case reports suggests that taking niacin can reduce serum levels of thyroxine-binding globulin by up to 25% and moderately reduce levels of thyroxine (T4). Patients taking thyroid hormone for hypothyroidism might need dose adjustments when using niacin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Transdermal Nicotine (Nicoderm)

Theoretically, concomitant use of niacin and transdermal nicotine might increase the risk of flushing and dizziness.
Niacin and nicotine can both cause flushing and dizziness.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

There is limited evidence that niacin may increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
In a case report, a patient on warfarin developed an elevated international normalized ratio (INR) of 3.9 after taking niacin for two weeks. The patient's INR was previously stable, ranging between 2 and 3 in recent months, and no other medication changes were identified. The elevated INR returned to therapeutic range within 4 days following the discontinuation of niacin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Aspirin

Large doses of aspirin might alter the clearance of niacin.
Aspirin is often used with niacin to reduce niacin-induced flushing. Doses of 80-975 mg aspirin have been used, but 325 mg appears to be optimal. Aspirin also seems to reduce the clearance of niacin by competing for glycine conjugation. Taking aspirin 1 gram seems to reduce niacin clearance by 45%. This is probably a dose-related effect and not clinically significant with the more common aspirin dose of 325 mg.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B

Riboflavin1 drug type · 20 drugs

Tetracycline Antibiotics

Theoretically, taking riboflavin with tetracycline antibiotics may decrease the potency of these antibiotics.
In vitro research suggests that riboflavin may inhibit the potency of tetracycline antibiotics. It is not clear if this effect is clinically significant, as this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Vitamin B-121 drug type · 20 drugs

Metformin (Glucophage)

Metformin, a common medication used to manage type 2 diabetes, has been associated with lower vitamin B12 levels in some individuals. Prolonged use of metformin can interfere with the absorption of B12 in the digestive system, potentially leading to a deficiency in this essential vitamin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence A

Choline1 drug type · 16 drugs

Atropine

Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Animal research shows that administering choline one hour before administering atropine can attenuate atropine-induced decreases in brain levels of acetylcholine. Theoretically, concomitant use of choline and atropine may decrease the effects of atropine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Beef Liver, Pure2 drug types · 3 drugs

Iron

Liver extract can contain heme iron. Taking liver extract with iron-containing medications or supplements may increase total iron intake and could increase the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects or excessive iron accumulation. The risk is greater with high doses, prolonged use, or in individuals with hemochromatosis or another iron-overload disorder. Review the iron content of the liver extract and the total elemental iron dose. Avoid unnecessary duplicate iron supplementation and consider monitoring ferritin and transferrin saturation when clinically appropriate.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Liver extract products may contain small and variable amounts of vitamin K. Theoretically, starting, stopping, or substantially changing the amount of liver extract used could reduce the anticoagulant effect of warfarin and lower the INR. However, this interaction has not been directly studied or reported in humans, and the vitamin K content of liver extract products is generally not standardized. Consider monitoring the INR after a meaningful change in liver extract use.

Likelihood Possible Evidence C
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Triple Potency Liver, from the product label.

Healthy 'N Fit

See all Healthy 'N Fit products
Name
Healthy 'N Fit International, Inc.
City
New York
State
USA
Phone Number
800-338-5200
Web Address
www.behealthynfit.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Triple Potency Liver by Healthy 'N Fit: Common Questions

Does Triple Potency Liver by Healthy 'N Fit interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Triple Potency Liver has a known interaction with 750 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Triple Potency Liver contains 6 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is it safe to take this while I'm pregnant?
Choline is likely safe and important during pregnancy; riboflavin and B-12 are also likely safe at recommended amounts. However, niacin at high supplemental doses should be avoided in pregnancy. The data on beef liver, pure, isn't on file. Talk with your doctor before starting any supplement during pregnancy.
Can I take this while breastfeeding?
Choline, riboflavin, and B-12 are likely safe while breastfeeding at recommended amounts—and actually, choline and B-12 needs are higher then. High-dose niacin should be avoided. Discuss with your doctor what's right for your situation.
What's choline in this product for?
Choline supports brain function and cell health. The evidence for it isn't strong enough to rate it for memory loss or Alzheimer's disease, but it's a key nutrient your body needs.
Will this help my liver?
Beef liver is included as a whole-food nutrient source for liver support, but the evidence isn't established in our data for how well it works for that purpose.
What side effects might I notice?
Choline at high doses can cause fishy body odor and stomach upset. Riboflavin may turn your urine bright yellow or cause mild nausea. Niacin commonly causes flushing (facial redness and warmth) in up to 70% of users, plus stomach upset. B-12 is very well tolerated. These are more likely at high doses.
Can I take this with metformin?
Metformin can lower B-12 levels over time, so it's a Minor interaction. This doesn't mean you can't take both—just tell your pharmacist so they can watch your B-12 status and you can discuss whether a check-up or monitoring is wise.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Triple Potency Liver is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Triple Potency Liver label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Triple Potency Liver’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Triple Potency Liver's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 119 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Choline 14 references
  1. Yates AA, Schlicker SA, Suitor CW. Dietary reference intakes: The new basis for recommendations for calcium and related nutrients, B vitamins, and choline. J Am Diet Assoc 1998;98:699-706. PubMed
  2. Cho E, Willett WC, Colditz GA, et al. Dietary choline and betaine and the risk of distal colorectal adenoma in women. J Natl Cancer Inst 2007;99:1224-31. PubMed
  3. Schmidt, C., Abicht, A., Krampfl, K., Voss, W., Stucka, R., Mildner, G., Petrova, S., Schara, U., Mortier, W., Bufler, J., Huebner, A., and Lochmuller, H. Congenital myasthenic syndrome due to a novel missense mutation in the gene encoding choline acetyl
  4. Tamminga, C., Smith, R. C., Chang, S., Haraszti, J. S., and Davis, J. M. Depression associated with oral choline. Lancet 10-23-1976;2(7991):905. PubMed
  5. Wood, J. L. and Allison, R. G. Effects of consumption of choline and lecithin on neurological and cardiovascular systems. Fed.Proc. 1982;41(14):3015-3021.
  6. Growdon, J. H. and Gelenberg, A. J. Choline and lecithin administration to patients with tardive dyskinesia. Trans.Am.Neurol.Assoc. 1978;103:95-99.
  7. Smith, C. M., Swash, M., Exton-Smith, A. N., Phillips, M. J., Overstall, P. W., Piper, M. E., and Bailey, M. R. Choline therapy in Alzheimer's disease. Lancet 8-5-1978;2(8084):318. PubMed
  8. Morrison, L. M. and W. F. Gonzales. Choline in coronary atherosclerosis. Amer.Heart J. 1950;39:729.
  9. Christie, J. G. Blackburn 1. M. Glen A. I. M. Zeisel S. Shering A. & Yates C. M. Effects of choline and lecithin on CSF choline levels and on cognitive functioning in patients with presenile dementia of the Alzheimer type. Nutrition and the brain 1979;5
  10. Sidhu N, Davies S, Nadarajah A, et al. Oral choline supplementation for postoperative pain. Br J Anaesth 2013;111(2):249-55. PubMed
  11. Wozniak JR, Fuglestad AJ, Eckerle JK, et al. Choline supplementation in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders has high feasibility and tolerability. Nutr Res. 2013;33(11):897-904. PubMed
  12. Wozniak JR, Fuglestad AJ, Eckerle JK, et al. Choline supplementation in children with fetal alcohol disorders: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015;102(5): 1113-25.
  13. Ross RG, Hunter SK, McCarthy L, et al. Perinatal choline effects on neonatal pathophysiology related to later schizophrenia risk. Am J Psychiatry. 2013;170(3):290-8. PubMed
  14. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Choline. Dietary Reference Intakes: Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B-6, Vitamin B-12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington D.C.: National Academy Press; 1998:390-422.

See these in context on the Choline monograph →

Riboflavin 5 references
  1. Schoenen J, Jacquy J, Lenaerts M. Effectiveness of high-dose riboflavin in migraine prophylaxis. A randomized controlled trial. Neurology 1998;50:466-70. PubMed
  2. Yates AA, Schlicker SA, Suitor CW. Dietary reference intakes: The new basis for recommendations for calcium and related nutrients, B vitamins, and choline. J Am Diet Assoc 1998;98:699-706. PubMed
  3. Leeson LJ, Weidenheimer JF. Stability of tetracycline and riboflavin. J Pharm Sci. 1969;58(3):355-7. PubMed
  4. MacLennan, S. C., Wade, F. M., Forrest, K. M., Ratanayake, P. D., Fagan, E., and Antony, J. High-dose riboflavin for migraine prophylaxis in children: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Child Neurol. 2008;23(11):1300-1304.
  5. Dietary reference intakes (DRIs): estimated average requirements. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Academics. https://www.nal.usda.gov/sites/default/files/fnic_uploads//recommended_intakes_individuals.pdf Accessed July 24, 2017.

See these in context on the Riboflavin monograph →

Vitamin B12 30 references
  1. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline (2000). Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000. Available at: http://b
  2. Hartman TJ, Woodson K, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, et al. Association of the B-vitamins pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (B6), B12, and folate with lung cancer risk in older men. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:688-94.. DOI
  3. Jansen T, Romiti R, Kreuter A, Altmeyer P. Rosacea fulminans triggered by high-dose vitamins B6 and B12. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2001;15:484-5..
  4. Lange H, Suryapranata H, De Luca G, et al. Folate therapy and in-stent restenosis after coronary stenting. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2673-81. PubMed
  5. Collin, S. M., Metcalfe, C., Refsum, H., Lewis, S. J., Zuccolo, L., Smith, G. D., Chen, L., Harris, R., Davis, M., Marsden, G., Johnston, C., Lane, J. A., Ebbing, M., Bonaa, K. H., Nygard, O., Ueland, P. M., Grau, M. V., Baron, J. A., Donovan, J. L., Nea
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Liver Extract 4 references
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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