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Dietary supplement

Zaza White Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Zaza

Zaza White label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Zaza White against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Zaza White is a dietary supplement by Zaza with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for memory and learning support, age-related cognitive decline, alzheimer's disease and dementia (under study).Based on those ingredients, 553 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Tianeptine, Combretum quadrangulare, Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Zaza White by Zaza

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Zaza White by Zaza — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Zaza White by Zaza

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (700 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Zaza White contains four active ingredients in a proprietary blend. Alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine (alpha-GPC) is a compound that supports brain cell membranes and may help with memory and cognitive function.

Tianeptine is a mood-supporting compound that also has opioid-like effects at higher doses. Cytidine diphosphate-choline (citicoline) is another brain-supporting nutrient that may help with age-related cognitive changes.

The product also contains Combretum quadrangulare, an herbal ingredient. The capsules themselves are made from vegetable material and contain stearate as a binding agent.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Alzheimer disease — rated "Possibly Effective" (Alpha-gpc) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Age-related cognitive decline — rated "Possibly Effective" (Citicoline) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Glaucoma — rated "Possibly Effective" (Citicoline) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Depression — rated "Possibly Effective" (Tianeptine) (Natural Medicines).

Alpha-GPC is rated possibly effective for Alzheimer disease; the evidence for cognitive function, vascular dementia, and stroke is insufficient to rate. Tianeptine is rated possibly effective for depression.

Citicoline is rated possibly effective for age-related cognitive decline and glaucoma, though it was rated possibly ineffective for stroke. The evidence for other uses — such as Alzheimer disease, traumatic brain injury, and cardiac arrest — is insufficient to establish whether these ingredients work for those purposes.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Alpha-gpc Tianeptine Combretum Micranthum Citicoline

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Alpha-GPC and citicoline are generally well tolerated in studies, though long-term safety is not fully established for either. Alpha-GPC has rarely caused dizziness, headache, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, and a raised stroke risk has been linked to use for at least 2 months.

Citicoline may cause headache, insomnia, nausea, abdominal pain, constipation, and diarrhea. Tianeptine carries significant safety concerns.

At prescription doses (25–37.5 mg daily) it is generally tolerated but has potential for addiction and abuse. Common side effects include constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, insomnia, and nausea.

Rare serious effects include agitation, confusion, liver damage, high blood pressure, and rapid heartbeat. Recreational use and misuse have been linked to seizures, respiratory depression, and brain damage.

Tianeptine is not FDA-approved in the U.S. when sold in supplements and carries serious risks of overdose and death. For pregnancy and breastfeeding: Alpha-GPC and citicoline lack sufficient safety data and should be avoided unless your doctor directs otherwise.

Tianeptine is unsafe during pregnancy (opioid-like effects and addiction risk) and breastfeeding (safety unknown and opioid-like effects make it unsafe).

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Alpha-gpc Tianeptine Combretum Micranthum Citicoline

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Combretum Micranthum, Alpha-gpc, Tianeptine.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 553 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before using Zaza White, check whether you take monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) — a Major severity interaction that can cause cardiovascular collapse and death. Also double-check any central nervous system depressants (sedatives, sleep aids, opioids, antihistamines), chronic aspirin use, and your alcohol intake, as these have Moderate severity interactions with tianeptine.

Run all your medications through the tool on this page.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

If you take an MAOI, do not use this product — the interaction can be life-threatening. If you take sedating medications, aspirin, or have an alcohol use pattern, talk with your pharmacist before starting.

Tianeptine's addiction potential and misuse risks make this product high-risk outside prescription medical supervision. Anyone considering Zaza White should discuss it with their pharmacist or doctor first.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 25, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Zaza White, straight from the product label.

Brand Zaza
Barcode (UPC) 769498984574
Net contents 15 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jun 25, 2025
DSLD ID 336532
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Zaza White by Zaza, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
15
UPC/BARCODE
769498984574
IngredientAmount% DV
Proprietary Blend700 mg--
Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine0 NP--
Tianeptine0 NP--
Combretum quadrangulare0 NP--
Cytidine Diphosphate-Choline0 NP--

Other ingredients: Vegetable Capsules, Stearate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Direction for use

Precautions

Research purposes only

Manufacturers/Re-sellers assume no responsibility for the use or misuse of this product.

Not for sale to minors! 21+ only

Warning Keep out of reach of children

FDA Disclaimer Statement

The Food and Drug Administration has neither reviewed these statements nor approved this product for consumption. It is not known to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent disease.

Formulation

Extra strength

General Statements

Quantity per container: 15 capsules

Storage

Storage: Keep in a cool, dry place

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Zaza White by Zaza label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Zaza White label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Zaza White by Zaza

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container15 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Other (inactive) ingredients: Vegetable Capsules, Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Zaza White by Zaza Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Zaza White?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
553Drugs
9 Major 532 Moderate 12 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Tianeptine 277
Combretum quadrangulare 265
Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine 16

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Zaza White interact with 553 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 4 ingredients in Zaza White interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Tianeptine Combretum quadrangulare Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Zaza White with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Tianeptine4 drug types · 277 drugs

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (Maois)

Tianeptine may increase the toxicity of MAOIs.
Concomitant use of tianeptine and non-selective MAOIs might increase the risk of cardiovascular collapse, hypertension, fever, convulsions, and death.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Alcohol (Ethanol)

Alcohol increases the clearance and might reduce the levels and clinical effects of tianeptine.
Clinical research shows that alcohol decreases tianeptine absorption rate and lowers tianeptine plasma levels by about 30%. Furthermore, an analysis of alcohol blood levels in 112 patients suggests that alcohol use disorder is associated with a 124% increase in clearance of tianeptine.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Aspirin

Chronic use of aspirin might increase the levels and clinical effects of tianeptine.
Aspirin is converted to salicylic acid in the body. In vitro research shows that salicylic acid binds to the same protein sites as tianeptine, displacing protein-bound tianeptine and leading to higher levels of tianeptine in the blood.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cns Depressants

Tianeptine has sedative effects; high doses may have additive effects with other CNS depressants.
Higher doses of tianeptine have opioid like effects and may have additive effects with other sedative drugs. In one case report, a 42-year-old male presented with respiratory depression and aspiration pneumonia due to concomitant use of high-dose tianeptine and alprazolam.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tianeptine full monograph & interactions

Combretum quadrangulare3 drug types · 265 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking Combretum micranthum leaf with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Some preliminary human and animal research suggests that Combretum micranthum leaf has hypoglycemic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, taking Combretum micranthum leaf with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Clinical research suggests that Combretum micranthum leaf reduces blood pressure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Combretum micranthum leaf with diuretic drugs might increase the risk of hyponatremia.
Combretum micranthum leaf has shown natriuretic effects in preliminary clinical research.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Combretum quadrangulare full monograph & interactions

Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine1 drug type · 16 drugs

Scopolamine (Transderm Scop)

Theoretically, alpha-GPC might decrease the effects of scopolamine.
A small clinical study shows that alpha-GPC can partially counteract the attention and memory impairment effects caused by scopolamine given intramuscularly. Whether alpha-GPC can decrease the beneficial anti-motion sickness effects of the scopolamine patch (Transderm Scop) is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Zaza White, from the product label.

Zaza

See all Zaza products
Name
M&J Distribution
City
Villa Rica
State
GA
ZipCode
30180
Phone Number
1-800-693-7123
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Zaza White by Zaza: Common Questions

Does Zaza White by Zaza interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Zaza White has a known interaction with 553 medications, including 9 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Zaza White contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is tianeptine approved by the FDA?
No. Tianeptine is not FDA-approved for sale in the U.S. as a supplement. It carries serious risks of addiction, overdose, and death, and we advise against using it outside prescription medical supervision.
Can I take Zaza White if I'm pregnant?
No. Tianeptine is unsafe in pregnancy because of its opioid-like effects and addiction potential. Alpha-GPC and citicoline also lack enough safety data during pregnancy and should be avoided unless your doctor directs you to use them.
What does alpha-GPC do?
Alpha-GPC supports brain cell membranes and is possibly effective for Alzheimer disease. The evidence for improving general cognitive function is insufficient to rate.
What are the most common side effects?
Tianeptine may cause constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, insomnia, and nausea. Alpha-GPC and citicoline can cause headache, insomnia, nausea, and digestive upset. These depend on the dose and individual response.
Does citicoline really help with aging and memory?
Citicoline is rated possibly effective for age-related cognitive decline. The evidence for other memory or brain conditions—like Alzheimer disease or traumatic brain injury—is insufficient to establish whether it works.
Can I take Zaza White with alcohol?
No. Alcohol reduces the levels of tianeptine in your body by about 30% and may weaken its effects. More importantly, combining alcohol with any CNS depressant effect of tianeptine increases risk.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Zaza White label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Zaza White’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Alpha-gpc

Interacts with 16 drugs

Alpha-GPC is a choline-containing compound used mainly for memory, brain health, and as a choline source. There is some evidence it may help cognition in people with dementia, but evidence i...

Read the full Alpha-gpc monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Tianeptine

Interacts with 277 drugs

Tianeptine is a prescription antidepressant in some countries, but it is NOT approved by the FDA in the United States and is illegally sold in dietary supplements and 'gas station' products....

Read the full Tianeptine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Combretum Micranthum

Interacts with 265 drugs

Combretum micranthum (kinkeliba) is a West African shrub whose leaves are brewed into a traditional tea for digestion, liver complaints, and fever. Solid human studies are lacking, so its be...

Read the full Combretum Micranthum monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Citicoline

Citicoline is a naturally occurring compound involved in making brain cell membranes and the messenger chemical acetylcholine. It is popularly taken for memory, focus, and brain aging, and s...

Read the full Citicoline monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Zaza White's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 37 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Alpha-gpc 4 references
  1. Di Perri R, Coppola G, Ambrosio LA, et al. A multicentre trial to the evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine versus cytosine diphosphocholine in patients with vascular dementia. J Int Med Res 1991;19:330-41.
  2. Barbagallo Sangiorgi G, Barbagallo M, Giordano M, et al. Alpha-glycerophosphocholine in the mental recovery of cerebral ischemic attacks: An Italian multicenter clinical trial. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1994;717:253-69. PubMed
  3. Canal N, Franceschi M, Alberoni M, et al. Effect of L-alpha-glyceryl-phosphorylcholine on amnesia caused by scopolamine. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1991;29:103-7.
  4. Lee G, Choi S, Chang J, et al. Association of L-a glycerylphosphorylcholine with subsequent stroke risk after 10 Years. JAMA Netw Open 2021;4(11):e2136008.

See these in context on the Alpha-gpc monograph →

Tianeptine 18 references
  1. Bence C, Bonord A, Rebillard C, et al. Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Following Tianeptine Dependence During Pregnancy. Pediatrics. 2016;137(1). PubMed
  2. El Zahran T, Schier J, Glidden E, et al. Characteristics of Tianeptine Exposures Reported to the National Poison Data System - United States, 2000-2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(30):815-818. PubMed
  3. Goodnough R, Li K, Fouladkou F, et al. Notes from the Field: Toxic Leukoencephalopathy Associated with Tianeptine Misuse - California, 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(27):769-770.
  4. Grasela TH, Fiedler-Kelly JB, Salvadori C, Marey C, Jochemsen R. Development of a population pharmacokinetic database for tianeptine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;45(2):173-9. PubMed
  5. Guelfi JD, Dulcire C, Le Moine P, Tafani A. Clinical safety and efficacy of tianeptine in 1,858 depressed patients treated in general practice. Neuropsychobiology. 1992;25(3):140-8. PubMed
  6. Lauhan R, Hsu A, Alam A, Beizai K. Tianeptine Abuse and Dependence: Case Report and Literature Review. Psychosomatics. 2018;59(6):547-553. PubMed
  7. Le Bricquir Y, Larrey D, Blanc P, Pageaux GP, Michel H. Tianeptine--an instance of drug-induced hepatotoxicity predicted by prospective experimental studies. J Hepatol. 1994;21(5):771-3. PubMed
  8. Lucaj S, Leo RJ. Tianeptine Sodium: A Nootropic With Potentially Lethal Consequences. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2018;20(4).
  9. Salvadori C, Ward C, Defrance R, Hopkins R. The pharmacokinetics of the antidepressant tianeptine and its main metabolite in healthy humans--influence of alcohol co-administration. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 1990;4(1):115-25. PubMed
  10. Samuels BA, Nautiyal KM, Kruegel AC, et al. The Behavioral Effects of the Antidepressant Tianeptine Require the Mu-Opioid Receptor. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2017;42(10):2052-2063. PubMed
  11. Voican CS, Corruble E, Naveau S, Perlemuter G. Antidepressant-induced liver injury: a review for clinicians. Am J Psychiatry. 2014;171(4):404-15. PubMed
  12. Zini R, Morin D, Salvadori C, Tillement JP. The influence of various drugs on the binding of tianeptine to human plasma proteins. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol. 1991;29(2):64-6.
  13. Summary of Product Characteristics Stablo: Tianeptine. 2008. Available at: https://www.servier.com.ve/sites/default/files/spc-pil/spc-stablon.pdf
  14. Rushton W, Whitworth B, Brown J, Kurz M, Rivera J. Characteristics of tianeptine effects reported to a poison control center: a growing threat to public health. J. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2021;59(2):152-7. PubMed
  15. García-Alberca JM, Gris E, de la Guía P, Mendoza S. Effects of Tianeptine Treatment on Depression and Cognitive Function in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease: A 12-Month Retrospective Observational Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022;88(2):707-720. PubMed
  16. AQuadir M, Rine NI, Badeti J, et al. Tianeptine Exposures Reported to United States Poison Centers, 2015-2023. J Med Toxicol 2025;21(1):30-41. PubMed
  17. Hershey HL, Onyango EM, Durst K, Korona-Bailey J, Mukhopadhyay S. Tianeptine-involved emergency department visits, fatal overdoses, and substance seizures in Tennessee, 2021-2023. Drug Alcohol Depend Rep 2024;12:100272. PubMed
  18. Ikeri K, Anderson A, Eyal F, Whitehurst R. Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome Following Prenatal Use of Supplements Containing Tianeptine. Pediatrics 2024;153(2):e2023062382. PubMed

See these in context on the Tianeptine monograph →

Combretum Micranthum 4 references
  1. Bourqui A, Niang EAB, Graz B, et al. Hypertension treatment with Combretum micranthum or Hibiscus sabdariffa, as decoction or tablet: a randomized clinical trial. J Hum Hypertens 2020. PubMed
  2. Kpemissi M, Potârniche AV, Lawson-Evi P, et al. Nephroprotective effect of Combretum micranthum G. Don in nicotinamide-streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy in rats: In-vivo and in-silico experiments. J Ethnopharmacol 2020;261:113133. PubMed
  3. Chika A, Bello SO. Antihyperglycaemic activity of aqueous leaf extract of Combretum micranthum (Combretaceae) in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2010;129(1):34-7. PubMed
  4. Seck SM, Doupa D, Dia DG, et al. Clinical efficacy of African traditional medicines in hypertension: A randomized controlled trial with Combretum micranthum and Hibiscus sabdariffa. J Hum Hypertens 2017;32(1):75-81. PubMed

See these in context on the Combretum Micranthum monograph →

Citicoline 11 references
  1. Spiers PA, Myers D, Hochanadel GS, et al. Citicoline improves verbal memory in aging. Arch Neurol 1996;53:441-8. PubMed
  2. Fioravanti M, Yanagi M. Cytidinediphosphocholine (CDP-choline) for cognitive and behavioural disturbances associated with chronic cerebral disorders in the elderly. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;(2):CD000269. PubMed
  3. Conant R, Schauss AG. Therapeutic applications of citicoline for stroke and cognitive function in the elderly: A review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 2004;9:17-31.
  4. Warach, S., Pettigrew, L. C., Dashe, J. F., Pullicino, P., Lefkowitz, D. M., Sabounjian, L., Harnett, K., Schwiderski, U., and Gammans, R. Effect of citicoline on ischemic lesions as measured by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Citicoline 0 DOI
  5. Lukas, S. E., Kouri, E. M., Rhee, C., Madrid, A., and Renshaw, P. F. Effects of short-term citicoline treatment on acute cocaine intoxication and cardiovascular effects. Psychopharmacology.(Berl.) 2001;157(2):163-167. PubMed
  6. Dinsdale, J. R., Griffiths, G. K., Castello, J., Maddock, J., Ortiz, J. A., and Aylward, M. CDP-choline: repeated oral dose tolerance studies in adult healthy volunteers. Arzneimittelforschung. 1983;33(7A):1061-1065.
  7. Clark BC, Georgekutty J, Berul CI. Myocardial ischemia secondary to synthetic cannabinoid (K2) use in pediatric patients. J Pediatr 2015;167(3):757-61.e1. PubMed
  8. Ghajar A, Gholamian F, Tabatabei-Motlagh M, et al. Citicoline (CDP-choline) add-on therapy to risperidone for treatment of negative symptoms in patients with stable schizophrenia: a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2
  9. Castagna A, Manzo C, Fabbo A, Lacava R, Ruberto C, Ruotolo G. The CITIMERIVA Study: CITIcoline plus MEmantina plus RIVAstigmine in Older Patients Affected with Alzheimer's Disease. Clin Drug Investig. 2021 Feb;41(2):177-182. PubMed
  10. Jeong H, Yoon S, Sung YH, et al. Effects of cytidine-5'-diphosphate choline on gray matter volumes in methamphetamine-dependent patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Psychiatr Res 2021;143:215-221. PubMed
  11. Nakazaki E, Mah E, Sanoshy K, Citrolo D, Watanabe F. Citicoline and Memory Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Nutr 2021;151(8):2153-2160. PubMed

See these in context on the Citicoline monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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