EPHEDRINE SULFATE 5 mg/mL Injection, 10 mL — NDC 42023-243-99 (Billing 42023-0243-99)
This is a package of 10 mL of EPHEDRINE SULFATE 5 mg/mL Injection from Par Health USA, LLC, marketed since Jan 2021 and currently FDA-listed.
NDC database record
One package, one record: these facts belong to NDC 42023-243-99 alone.
- Record
- FDA NDC Directory package listing · Human prescription drug
- Code segments
- 42023 labeler · 243 product · 99 package
- Package marketed since
- Jan 31, 2024
- Sample package
- No — commercial package
- Listing certified through
- Dec 31, 2027
- Billing quantity
- 10 mL per package
- Barcode (UPC-A, from the NDC)
- 3 4202324399 7
- FDA record last changed
- Jul 24, 2026
Identity & classification
Regulatory identifiers FDA, NLM and CMS codes for this package
Drug-database identifiers Medi-Span GPI and First Databank GCN / HICL / AHFS classification
- GSN (GCN sequence number): 080962
- GCN: 47949
- GPI-14 (Medi-Span): 38000030102003
- HICL (First Databank): 002084
- AHFS class code: 12:12.12.00
- RxCUI (RxNorm): 2368456
Where does this data come from?
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 3, 2026
- RxNorm (NLM RxNav) · catalog refreshed Oct 1, 2026
- Medi-Span GPI (licensed)
- First Databank (licensed) · refreshed Oct 1, 2026
RxNorm drug class
This medicine belongs to the alpha-Adrenergic Agonist class.
Where does this data come from?
- RxClass (NLM) · catalog refreshed Oct 1, 2026
Clinical
- It depends on the product. The injection treats dangerously low blood pressure during anesthesia and is given by trained providers. Certain tablets, such as Bronkaid and Primatene,...
- Adults and children 12 and over take them about every 4 hours as needed, and there is a daily limit on the package. Don't take more than directed. Children under 12 shouldn't use B...
- The most common are nausea, vomiting and a fast heartbeat. Some people feel dizzy, restless or notice a thumping heartbeat. If you have a rapid heartbeat, tremors, nervousness, tro...
- Check with me first. Don't use the tablets with a prescription MAOI or within 2 weeks of stopping one. Also tell me if you take other products with ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, phen...
Patient education
Supplement & herbal interactions
Some supplements/herbs that may interact with Ephedrine Sulfate — tap one for details:
Where does this data come from?
- MedlinePlus (NLM) · refreshed Oct 1, 2026
- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 3, 2026
Ask a licensed pharmacist directly — free, answered by our team.
Pricing
A drug doesn't have one price. Each row is a different public payment system, and none is what you'd pay at the counter — that depends on your insurance. The ⓘ on each row explains what it measures.
| Price system | Per each | Per package |
|---|---|---|
| Retail pharmacies payNADAC · weekly | Not in the retail survey — common for institutional, discontinued, or low-volume packs. | |
| Medicaid paysCMS SDUD · 12 mo | No recent Medicaid claims on file for this NDC — rare and low-volume NDCs are suppressed in the public data. | |
| Medicare drug plans payPart D · quarterly | No Part D plan price is available for this NDC in our data. | |
Where does this data come from?
- CMS NADAC weekly file
- CMS ASP pricing files · refreshed Sep 20, 2026
- CMS Medicaid State Drug Utilization Data · refreshed Oct 4, 2026
- CMS Part D plan pricing files · refreshed Sep 24, 2026
- VA National Acquisition Center price file
Packaging — all sizes for this product
| Package NDC | Description | Marketing start | Marketing end | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 42023-0243-01 42023-243-01 Main listing | 10 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE | 2021-01-31 | — | Active |
| 42023-0243-99 You're viewing this | 10 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE | 2024-01-31 | — | Active |
This pack shows little to no recent Medicaid volume — the 10 ml pack carries most fills. See all packs ↓
Pack size FAQ
What quantity is in this package?
How does this package differ from NDC 42023-0243-01?
What NDC number is used to bill for this package of EPHEDRINE SULFATE 5 mg/mL Injection?
Therapeutic equivalents
| Product | Labeler | Pack | NADAC/unit | TE | Status | Price vs. this |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emerphed 5 mg/mL 14789-0250-10 | Nexus | 10 vials | — | — | FDA listed | — |
| Ephedrine Sulfate 5 mg/mLthis 42023-0243-99 | Par | 10 ml | — | AP2 | FDA listed | — |
| Ephedrine Sulfate 5 mg/mL 68083-0610-10 | Gland | 10 vials | — | AP1 | FDA listed | — |
| Akovaz 5 mg/mL 51754-4250-03 | Exela | 10 syringes | — | AP3 | FDA listed | — |
| Emerphed PFS 5 mg/mL 14789-0251-10 | Nexus | 10 syringes | — | — | FDA listed | — |
| ephedrine sulfate 5 mg/mL 65219-0548-10 | Fresenius | 10 syringes | — | AP2 | FDA listed | — |
| Emerphed PFS 5 mg/mL 14789-0252-10 | Nexus | 10 syringes | — | — | FDA listed | — |
| Ephedrine Sulfate 5 mg/mL 00641-6236-10 | Hikma | 10 syringes | — | AP3 | FDA listed | — |
| ephedrine sulfate 5 mg/mL 65219-0546-05 | Fresenius | 10 syringes | — | AP2 | FDA listed | — |
Where does this data come from?
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
- FDA Orange Book · refreshed Oct 3, 2026
- CMS NADAC weekly file
Availability & generic status
The FDA lists approved generic versions of this medicine, but that does not always mean a pharmacy can get one today. Patent rules, launch agreements, supply and pricing can affect when generics actually arrive.
Why the date isn’t exact: Generic timing can change because patents may be challenged, settled, licensed, added, removed, or worked around with a narrower label — and FDA approval does not always mean a pharmacy can get the generic today.
🛈 What do these terms mean?
- Patent
- Legal protection listed in the Orange Book that may delay generic approval or launch. Issued by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office.
- Substance patent
- Covers the active drug molecule itself — the hardest to design around. A generic generally can’t launch until it expires.
- Formulation (product) patent
- Covers a specific formulation or dosage form. A generic can sometimes work around it with a different formulation.
- Method-of-use patent
- A patent covering one specific approved use of the drug — not necessarily the whole molecule. A generic can sometimes launch with a “skinny label” that carves out the protected use and keeps the others.
- Skinny label
- A generic label that omits a still-patented use when the FDA allows it — letting a generic reach the market for the unprotected uses.
- Exclusivity
- FDA-granted marketing protection, separate from patents — e.g. 5-yr new chemical entity, 7-yr orphan drug, or a +6-month pediatric extension.
- Paragraph IV
- A generic applicant’s formal challenge to a listed patent. It can potentially lead to earlier generic entry, but often involves litigation or a settlement.
- RLD / RS
- Reference Listed Drug — the brand product the FDA uses as the reference for generic applications. Reference Standard — the product the FDA expects generics to compare against in bioequivalence testing.
- TE / AB rating
- FDA therapeutic-equivalence rating. An AB rating generally means the FDA considers a generic therapeutically equivalent to — and substitutable for — the brand.
- LOE (loss of exclusivity)
- The latest patent or exclusivity currently listed — the loss-of-exclusivity / latest-listed-protection date shown on this page. Paragraph-IV challenges and settlements can move the real date earlier; FDA approval and a manufacturer’s decision to market can move it later.
Built from the FDA Orange Book. The bars above are scaled to each protection’s expiry; the red LOE marker is the last one to lapse.
| Patent | Type | Use code | Expires |
|---|---|---|---|
| US 12029710 ↗ | Method of use | U-3963 | Jan 22, 2040 |
| US 10869845 ↗ | Drug product | — | Jan 22, 2040 |
| US 10869845 ↗ | Drug product | — | Jan 22, 2040 |
Is there a generic version of EPHEDRINE 50 MG/10 ML VIAL?
The FDA approved a generic — why can’t I get it at my pharmacy yet?
Why do different websites show different generic release dates?
What does “FDA listed” mean?
What does a patent or protection date mean here?
What does “current Orange Book estimate” mean?
Can a generic come out before the last patent expires?
Can a generic come out after the listed dates?
What is the difference between patents and exclusivity?
Why are there multiple patent dates?
Where does this data come from?
- FDA Orange Book · refreshed Oct 3, 2026
Inactive Ingredients / Excipients
Inactive ingredients, also called excipients, are components of the drug product other than the active ingredient. They may include fillers, dyes, coatings, preservatives, flavors, or other formulation ingredients.
💡 Tap an ingredient (hover on desktop) to see what it is and why it’s used.
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UNII Q40Q9N063P
Acetic acid is a weak organic acid commonly used in medicines as a buffer and pH adjuster. It helps maintain the proper acidity level to ensure the drug remains stable and effective in its formulation.
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9 mg / 1 mL
UNII 451W47IQ8X
Sodium chloride is common table salt. It's used in medicines as a buffer to maintain proper pH, as a filler to add bulk, or to adjust the osmotic balance in liquid formulations.
-
UNII 55X04QC32I
A strong alkaline chemical used to adjust and maintain the pH balance of liquid medicines. It helps keep the medicine stable and ensures it stays effective during storage.
3 inactive ingredients listed in the exact product block matched to this NDC.
Where does this data come from?
ingredient classCode="IACT" elements from the exact product block matched by this NDC. Label-section narrative from DailyMed / the openFDA label index is shown separately when available.- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 3, 2026
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
Inactive ingredient FAQ
Are inactive ingredients the same for every manufacturer?
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Manufacturer & labeler
More NDCs from Par Health USA, LLC labeler code 42023
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- Adrenalin (epinephrine in sodium chloride) 8 ug/mL Injection NDC 42023-273-10
- Daptomycin 500 mg Injection, Powder, Lyophilized, For Solution NDC 42023-295-10
- Adrenalin (epinephrine in sodium chloride) 16 ug/mL Injection NDC 42023-315-10
Where does this data come from?
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
- Drugs@FDA
Full prescribing information FDA SPL
🎯 Indications and Usage ▾
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Ephedrine Sulfate Injection is indicated for the treatment of clinically important hypotension occurring in the setting of anesthesia. Ephedrine Sulfate Injection is an alpha- and beta- adrenergic agonist and a norepinephrine-releasing agent that is indicated for the treatment of clinically important hypotension occurring in the setting of anesthesia. ( 1 )
⏱️ Dosage and Administration ▾
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Bolus intravenous injection: 5 mg to 10 mg (equivalent to 3.8 to 7.6 mg ephedrine base) as needed, not to exceed 50 mg. ( 2 ) Ready-to-Use formulation. Do not dilute.
2.1General Dosage and Administration Instructions Ready to Use formulation. Do not dilute. Inspect parenteral drug products visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Ephedrine Sulfate Injection is a clear, colorless solution. Do not use if discolored.
2.2Dosing for the Treatment of Clinically Important Hypotension in the Setting of Anesthesia The recommended dosages for the treatment of clinically important hypotension in the setting of anesthesia is an initial dose of 5 mg to 10 mg administered by intravenous bolus. Administer additional boluses as needed, not to exceed a total dosage of 50 mg. Adjust dosage according to the blood pressure goal (i.e., titrate to effect).
2.3Instructions for Use of Single-Dose Prefilled Syringe Important Administration Information Ephedrine Sulfate Injection is administered undiluted by slow intravenous injection. The syringe should be administered with clean gloved hands. Check the compatibility of Ephedrine Sulfate Injection with all other medications and any intravenous fluids the patient is currently receiving This product is for single dose only; discard unused portion FIGURE A.
PREFILLED SYRINGE Figure A Step 1 Examine syringe for damage or cracks and ensure the Luer cap is intact. DO NOT USE if the Luer cap is missing, loose or damaged. Inspect and ensure the EPHEDRINE liquid in the prefilled syringe is clear and colorless.
DO NOT USE if the liquid looks discolored, cloudy, or if the liquid contains any particulate matter. Check the expiration date on the syringe and confirm product has not expired. DO NOT USE if the expiration date has passed.
Step 2 Check the intravenous site for signs of infiltration from fluid or medications leaking into surrounding tissue. If signs of infiltration are observed, existing IV administration should be discontinued. A new IV administration site should be established.
Step 3 Thoroughly cleanse the injection port closest to the patient with alcohol prep pad. Step 4 Twist the tip cap to open. See Figure B.
Figure B Step 5 Remove air from the syringe if necessary. With the tip of the syringe pointing up, tap the syringe barrel to make air bubbles rise to the top. Expel air and excess medication by pushing the plunger up until the edge of the plunger is at the graduation mark that corresponds to volume of the prescribed dose.
See Figure C Figure C Step 6 Connect the syringe to the injection port. Step 7 If the intravenous line does not have backflow protection, pinch/clamp the intravenous tubing between intravenous bag and injection port. Step 8 Press down on the plunger of the prefilled syringe to administer the medication by intravenous bolus.
Inject 5 mg to 10 mg by intravenous bolus at a time. Adjust dosage according to the blood pressure goal (i.e., titrate to effect). DO NOT exceed a total dosage of 50 mg.
Step 9 Remove the syringe from injection port. Step 10 If necessary, release the pinched intravenous tubing ensuring continuous flow of intravenous fluid. Alternatively, manually flush the line after administration of Ephedrine Sulfate Injection so there is no residual drug in the intravenous tubing.
Step 11 Dispose of used syringe. Safely throw away syringe(s) immediately after use into an appropriate medical waste container. Figure A Figure B This is an image of Figure C.
💊 Dosage Forms and Strengths ▾
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Ephedrine Sulfate Injection, 5 mg/mL is a clear, colorless solution available in: a single‑dose, 10 mL vial that contains 50 mg/10 mL ephedrine sulfate, equivalent to 38 mg ephedrine base; a single‑dose, 5 mL prefilled syringe that contains 25 mg/5 mL ephedrine sulfate, equivalent to 19 mg ephedrine base. Injection: 5 mg/mL ephedrine sulfate in a single-dose, 10 mL vial (50 mg/10 mL, equivalent to 38 mg ephedrine base) 5 mL single-dose prefilled syringe; (25 mg/5 mL, equivalent to 19 mg ephedrine base) ( 3 )
⛔ Contraindications ▾
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None None ( 4 )
⚠️ Warnings and Cautions ▾
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Pressor Effects with Concomitant Use with Oxytocic Drugs : Pressor effect of sympathomimetic pressor amines is potentiated ( 5.1 ) Tachyphylaxis and Tolerance : Repeated administration of ephedrine may cause tachyphylaxis ( 5.2 )
5.1Pressor Effect with Concomitant Oxytocic Drugs Serious postpartum hypertension has been described in patients who received both a vasopressor (i.e., methoxamine, phenylephrine, ephedrine) and an oxytocic (i.e., methylergonovine, ergonovine) [ see Drug Interactions (7) ]. Some of these patients experienced a stroke. Carefully monitor the blood pressure of individuals who have received both ephedrine and an oxytocic.
5.2Tolerance and Tachyphylaxis Data indicate that repeated administration of ephedrine can result in tachyphylaxis. Clinicians treating anesthesia-induced hypotension with Ephedrine Sulfate Injection should be aware of the possibility of tachyphylaxis and should be prepared with an alternative pressor to mitigate unacceptable responsiveness.
5.3Risk of Hypertension When Used Prophylactically When used to prevent hypotension, ephedrine has been associated with an increased incidence of hypertension compared with when ephedrine is used to treat hypotension.
🤒 Adverse Reactions ▾
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following adverse reactions associated with the use of ephedrine sulfate were identified in the literature. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to estimate their frequency reliably or to establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Gastrointestinal disorders : Nausea, vomiting Cardiac disorders : Tachycardia, palpitations (thumping heart), reactive hypertension, bradycardia, ventricular ectopics, R-R variability Nervous system disorders : Dizziness Psychiatric disorders : Restlessness Most common adverse reactions during treatment: nausea, vomiting, and tachycardia.
( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Par Health at 1-800-828-9393 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch .
🔄 Drug Interactions ▾
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Interactions that Augment the Pressor Effect Oxytocin and oxytocic drugs Clinical Impact: Serious postpartum hypertension has been described in patients who received both a vasopressor (i.e., methoxamine, phenylephrine, ephedrine) and an oxytocic (i.e., methylergonovine, ergonovine). Some of these patients experienced a stroke. Intervention: Carefully monitor the blood pressure of individuals who have received both ephedrine and an oxytocic.
Clonidine, propofol, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), atropine Clinical Impact: These drugs augment the pressor effect of ephedrine. Intervention: Carefully monitor the blood pressure of individuals who have received both ephedrine and any of these drugs. Interactions that Antagonize the Pressor Effect Clinical Impact: These drugs antagonize the pressor effect of ephedrine.
Intervention: Carefully monitor the blood pressure of individuals who have received both ephedrine and any of these drugs. Examples: α-adrenergic antagonists, β-adrenergic receptor antagonists, reserpine, quinidine, mephentermine Other Drug Interactions Guanethidine Clinical Impact: Ephedrine may inhibit the neuron blockage produced by guanethidine, resulting in loss of antihypertensive effectiveness. Intervention: Clinician should monitor patient for blood pressor response and adjust the dosage or choice of pressor accordingly.
Rocuronium Clinical Impact: Ephedrine may reduce the onset time of neuromuscular blockade when used for intubation with rocuronium if administered simultaneously with anesthetic induction. Intervention: Be aware of this potential interaction. No treatment or other interventions are needed.
Epidural anesthesia Clinical Impact: Ephedrine may decrease the efficacy of epidural blockade by hastening the regression of sensory analgesia. Intervention: Monitor and treat the patient according to clinical practice. Theophylline Clinical Impact: Concomitant use of ephedrine may increase the frequency of nausea, nervousness, and insomnia.
Intervention: Monitor patient for worsening symptoms and manage symptoms according to clinical practice. Cardiac glycosides Clinical Impact: Giving ephedrine with a cardiac glycoside, such as digitalis, may increase the possibility of arrhythmias. Intervention: Carefully monitor patients on cardiac glycosides who are also administered ephedrine.
Interactions that Augment Pressor Effect : clonidine, oxytocin and oxytocic drugs, propofol, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), and atropine. Monitor blood pressure. ( 7 ) Interactions that Antagonize the Pressor Effect : Antagonistic effects with α-adrenergic antagonists, β-adrenergic antagonists, reserpine, quinidine, mephentermine.
Monitor blood pressure. ( 7 ) Guanethidine : Ephedrine may inhibit the neuron blockage produced by guanethidine, resulting in loss of antihypertensive effectiveness. Monitor blood pressure and adjust the dosage of pressor accordingly.
Rocuronium : Ephedrine may reduce the onset time of neuromuscular blockade when used for intubation with rocuronium if administered simultaneously with anesthetic induction. Be aware of this potential interaction. No treatment or other interventions are needed.
Epidural anesthesia : Ephedrine may decrease the efficacy of epidural blockade by hastening the regression of sensory analgesia. Monitor and treat the patient according to clinical practice. Theophylline : Concomitant use of ephedrine may increase the frequency of nausea, nervousness, and insomnia.
Monitor patient for worsening symptoms and manage symptoms according to clinical practice. Cardiac glycosides : Giving ephedrine with a cardiac glycoside, such as digitalis, may increase the possibility of arrhythmias. Carefully monitor patients on cardiac glycosides who are also administered ephedrine.
👥 Use in Specific Populations ▾
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
8.1Pregnancy Risk Summary Available data from randomized studies, case series, and reports of ephedrine sulfate use in pregnant women have not identified a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. However, there are clinical considerations (see Clinical Considerations) . In animal reproduction studies, decreased fetal survival and fetal body weights were observed in the presence of maternal toxicity after normotensive pregnant rats were administered 60 mg/kg intravenous ephedrine sulfate (12 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 50 mg/day).
No malformations or embryofetal adverse effects were observed when pregnant rats or rabbits were treated with intravenous bolus doses of ephedrine sulfate during organogenesis at doses 1.9 and 7.7 times the MRHD, respectively (see Data) . The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population are unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes.
In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated maternal and/or embryofetal risk Untreated hypotension associated with spinal anesthesia for cesarean section is associated with an increase in maternal nausea and vomiting. A decrease in uterine blood flow due to maternal hypotension may result in fetal bradycardia and acidosis.
Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions Cases of potential metabolic acidosis in newborns at delivery with maternal ephedrine exposure have been reported in the literature. These reports describe umbilical artery pH of ≤7.2 at the time of delivery [ see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ]. Monitoring of the newborn for signs and symptoms of metabolic acidosis may be required.
Monitoring of infant’s acid‐base status is warranted to ensure that an episode of acidosis is acute and reversible. Data Animal Data Decreased fetal body weights were observed when pregnant rats were administered intravenous bolus doses of 60 mg/kg ephedrine sulfate (12 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 50 mg based on body surface area) from Gestation Day 6-17. This dose was associated with evidence of maternal toxicity (decreased body weight of dams and abnormal head movements).
No malformations or fetal deaths were noted at this dose. No effects on fetal body weight were noted at 10 mg/kg (1.9 times the MRHD of 50 mg). No evidence of malformations or embryo-fetal toxicity were noted in pregnant rabbits administered intravenous bolus doses up to 20 mg/kg ephedrine sulfate (7.7 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 50 mg based on body surface area) from Gestation Day 6-20.
This dose was associated with expected pharmacological maternal effects (increased respiration rate, dilated pupils, piloerection). Decreased fetal survival and body weights in the presence of maternal toxicity (increased mortality) were noted when pregnant dams were administered intravenous bolus doses of 60 mg/kg epinephrine sulfate (approximately 12 times the MRHD based on body surface area) from GD 6 through Lactation Day 20. No adverse effects were noted at 10 mg/kg (1.9 times the MRHD).
8.2Lactation Risk Summary A single published case report indicates that ephedrine is present in human milk. However, no information is available on the effects of the drug on the breastfed infant or the effects of the drug on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for Ephedrine Sulfate Injection and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from Ephedrine Sulfate Injection or from the underlying maternal condition.
8.4Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established. Animal Toxicity… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]
🤰 Pregnancy ▾
8.1Pregnancy Risk Summary Available data from randomized studies, case series, and reports of ephedrine sulfate use in pregnant women have not identified a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. However, there are clinical considerations (see Clinical Considerations) . In animal reproduction studies, decreased fetal survival and fetal body weights were observed in the presence of maternal toxicity after normotensive pregnant rats were administered 60 mg/kg intravenous ephedrine sulfate (12 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 50 mg/day).
No malformations or embryofetal adverse effects were observed when pregnant rats or rabbits were treated with intravenous bolus doses of ephedrine sulfate during organogenesis at doses 1.9 and 7.7 times the MRHD, respectively (see Data) . The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population are unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes.
In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated maternal and/or embryofetal risk Untreated hypotension associated with spinal anesthesia for cesarean section is associated with an increase in maternal nausea and vomiting. A decrease in uterine blood flow due to maternal hypotension may result in fetal bradycardia and acidosis.
Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions Cases of potential metabolic acidosis in newborns at delivery with maternal ephedrine exposure have been reported in the literature. These reports describe umbilical artery pH of ≤7.2 at the time of delivery [ see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ]. Monitoring of the newborn for signs and symptoms of metabolic acidosis may be required.
Monitoring of infant’s acid‐base status is warranted to ensure that an episode of acidosis is acute and reversible. Data Animal Data Decreased fetal body weights were observed when pregnant rats were administered intravenous bolus doses of 60 mg/kg ephedrine sulfate (12 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 50 mg based on body surface area) from Gestation Day 6-17. This dose was associated with evidence of maternal toxicity (decreased body weight of dams and abnormal head movements).
No malformations or fetal deaths were noted at this dose. No effects on fetal body weight were noted at 10 mg/kg (1.9 times the MRHD of 50 mg). No evidence of malformations or embryo-fetal toxicity were noted in pregnant rabbits administered intravenous bolus doses up to 20 mg/kg ephedrine sulfate (7.7 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 50 mg based on body surface area) from Gestation Day 6-20.
This dose was associated with expected pharmacological maternal effects (increased respiration rate, dilated pupils, piloerection). Decreased fetal survival and body weights in the presence of maternal toxicity (increased mortality) were noted when pregnant dams were administered intravenous bolus doses of 60 mg/kg epinephrine sulfate (approximately 12 times the MRHD based on body surface area) from GD 6 through Lactation Day 20. No adverse effects were noted at 10 mg/kg (1.9 times the MRHD).
🧒 Pediatric Use ▾
8.4Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established. Animal Toxicity Data In a study in which juvenile rats were administered intravenous bolus doses of 2, 10, or 60 mg/kg ephedrine sulfate daily from Postnatal Day 35 to 56, an increased incidence of mortality was noted at the high dose of 60 mg/kg. The no-adverse-effect level was 10 mg/kg (approximately 1.9 times a maximum daily dose of 50 mg in a 60 kg person based on body surface area).
🧓 Geriatric Use ▾
8.5Geriatric Use Clinical studies of ephedrine did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.
This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function.
🆘 Overdosage ▾
10 OVERDOSAGE Overdose of ephedrine can cause a rapid rise in blood pressure. In the case of an overdose, careful monitoring of blood pressure is recommended. If blood pressure continues to rise to an unacceptable level, parenteral antihypertensive agents can be administered at the discretion of the clinician.
🧬 Clinical Pharmacology ▾
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
12.1Mechanism of Action Ephedrine sulfate is a sympathomimetic amine that directly acts as an agonist at α- and β-adrenergic receptors and indirectly causes the release of norepinephrine from sympathetic neurons. Pressor effects by direct alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor activation are mediated by increases in arterial pressures, cardiac output, and peripheral resistance. Indirect adrenergic stimulation is caused by norepinephrine release from sympathetic nerves.
12.2Pharmacodynamics Ephedrine stimulates heart rate and cardiac output and variably increases peripheral resistance; as a result, ephedrine usually increases blood pressure. Stimulation of the α-adrenergic receptors of smooth muscle cells in the bladder base may increase the resistance to the outflow of urine. Activation of β-adrenergic receptors in the lungs promotes bronchodilation.
The overall cardiovascular effect from ephedrine is the result of a balance among α-1 adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction, β-2 adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction, and β-2 adrenoceptor-mediated vasodilatation. Stimulation of the β-1 adrenoceptors results in positive inotrope and chronotrope action. Tachyphylaxis to the pressor effects of ephedrine may occur with repeated administration [ see Warnings and Precautions 5.2 ].
12.3Pharmacokinetics Publications studying pharmacokinetics of oral administration of (-)-ephedrine support that (‑)‑ephedrine is metabolized into norephedrine. However, the metabolism pathway is unknown. Both the parent drug and the metabolite are excreted in urine.
Limited data after IV administration of ephedrine support similar observations of urinary excretion of drug and metabolite. The plasma elimination half-life of ephedrine following oral administration was about 6 hours. Ephedrine crosses the placental barrier [ see Use in Specific Populations 8.1 ].
🧬 Mechanism of Action ▾
12.1Mechanism of Action Ephedrine sulfate is a sympathomimetic amine that directly acts as an agonist at α- and β-adrenergic receptors and indirectly causes the release of norepinephrine from sympathetic neurons. Pressor effects by direct alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor activation are mediated by increases in arterial pressures, cardiac output, and peripheral resistance. Indirect adrenergic stimulation is caused by norepinephrine release from sympathetic nerves.
📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling ▾
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Ephedrine Sulfate Injection 5 mg/mL (equivalent to 3.8 mg/mL ephedrine base), is a clear, colorless solution and is supplied as follows: NDC Strength How Supplied 42023-243-01 50 mg/10 mL (5 mg/mL) 10 mL clear, glass, single-dose vial; (supplied in a package of 1) 42023-253-05 25 mg/5 mL (5 mg/mL) 5 mL single-dose prefilled syringe (supplied in a package of 5) Vial stoppers, syringe plunger stoppers and Luer lock tip caps are not manufactured with natural rubber latex. Store Ephedrine Sulfate Injection, 5 mg/mL at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
Store in carton until time of use. For single use only. Discard unused portion.
Protect from Light Contains No Preservatives Manufactured for: Par Health USA Rochester, MI 48307 © 2025 Par Health, Inc. or one of its affiliates. R12/2025
📋 Description ▾
11 DESCRIPTION Ephedrine is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist and a norepinephrine-releasing agent. Ephedrine Sulfate Injection, 5 mg/mL is a clear, colorless, sterile, ready-to-use solution for intravenous injection. The chemical name of ephedrine sulfate is (1 R ,2S)-(-)-2-methylamine-1-phenylpropan-1-ol sulfate, and the molecular weight is 428.5 g/mol.
Its molecular formula is (C 10 H 15 NO) 2 · H 2 SO 4 and its structural formula is depicted below: Ephedrine sulfate is freely soluble in water and ethanol, very slightly soluble in chloroform, and practically insoluble in ether. Each mL contains ephedrine sulfate 5 mg (equivalent to 3.8 mg ephedrine base), sodium chloride 9 mg, and sodium hydroxide and/or acetic acid for pH adjustment, if necessary. The pH range is 4.5 to 7.0.
Chemical Structure
🧬 Pharmacokinetics ▾
12.3Pharmacokinetics Publications studying pharmacokinetics of oral administration of (-)-ephedrine support that (‑)‑ephedrine is metabolized into norephedrine. However, the metabolism pathway is unknown. Both the parent drug and the metabolite are excreted in urine.
Limited data after IV administration of ephedrine support similar observations of urinary excretion of drug and metabolite. The plasma elimination half-life of ephedrine following oral administration was about 6 hours. Ephedrine crosses the placental barrier [ see Use in Specific Populations 8.1 ].
🧬 Pharmacodynamics ▾
12.2Pharmacodynamics Ephedrine stimulates heart rate and cardiac output and variably increases peripheral resistance; as a result, ephedrine usually increases blood pressure. Stimulation of the α-adrenergic receptors of smooth muscle cells in the bladder base may increase the resistance to the outflow of urine. Activation of β-adrenergic receptors in the lungs promotes bronchodilation.
The overall cardiovascular effect from ephedrine is the result of a balance among α-1 adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction, β-2 adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction, and β-2 adrenoceptor-mediated vasodilatation. Stimulation of the β-1 adrenoceptors results in positive inotrope and chronotrope action. Tachyphylaxis to the pressor effects of ephedrine may occur with repeated administration [ see Warnings and Precautions 5.2 ].
🔬 Clinical Studies ▾
14 CLINICAL STUDIES The evidence for the efficacy of ephedrine injection is derived from the published literature. Increases in blood pressure following administration of ephedrine were observed in 14 studies, including 9 where ephedrine was used in pregnant women undergoing neuraxial anesthesia during Cesarean delivery, 1 study in non-obstetric surgery under neuraxial anesthesia, and 4 studies in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. Ephedrine has been shown to raise systolic and mean blood pressure when administered as a bolus dose following the development of hypotension during anesthesia.
🧪 Nonclinical Toxicology ▾
13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
13.1Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenesis : Two-year feeding studies in rats and mice conducted under the National Toxicology Program (NTP) demonstrated no evidence of carcinogenic potential with ephedrine sulfate at doses up to 10 mg/kg/day and 27 mg/kg/day (approximately 2 times and 3 times the maximum human recommended dose on a mg/m 2 basis, respectively). Mutagenesis : Ephedrine sulfate tested negative in the in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assay, the in vitro mouse lymphoma assay, the in vitro sister chromatid exchange, the in vitro chromosomal aberration assay, and the in vivo rat bone marrow micronucleus assay.
Impairment of Fertility : There was no impact on fertility or early embryonic development in a study in which male rats were administered intravenous bolus doses of 0, 2, 10, or 60 mg/kg ephedrine sulfate (up to 12 times the maximum recommended human dose of 50 mg based on body surface area) for 28 days prior to mating and through gestation and females were treated for 14 days prior to mating through Gestation Day 7.
📄 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility ▾
13.1Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Carcinogenesis : Two-year feeding studies in rats and mice conducted under the National Toxicology Program (NTP) demonstrated no evidence of carcinogenic potential with ephedrine sulfate at doses up to 10 mg/kg/day and 27 mg/kg/day (approximately 2 times and 3 times the maximum human recommended dose on a mg/m 2 basis, respectively). Mutagenesis : Ephedrine sulfate tested negative in the in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assay, the in vitro mouse lymphoma assay, the in vitro sister chromatid exchange, the in vitro chromosomal aberration assay, and the in vivo rat bone marrow micronucleus assay.
Impairment of Fertility : There was no impact on fertility or early embryonic development in a study in which male rats were administered intravenous bolus doses of 0, 2, 10, or 60 mg/kg ephedrine sulfate (up to 12 times the maximum recommended human dose of 50 mg based on body surface area) for 28 days prior to mating and through gestation and females were treated for 14 days prior to mating through Gestation Day 7.
📄 Package Label / Principal Display Panel ▾
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 1 X 10 mL Single-Dose Vial Carton NDC 42023-243-01 Ephedrine Sulfate Injection 50 mg/10 mL (5 mg/mL) For Intravenous Use Only Rx Only Ready-To-Use 10 mL single-dose carton 1 X 10 mL Single-Dose Vial Carton
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 5 x 5 mL Pre-filled Syringe Carton NDC 42023-253-05 Ephedrine Sulfate Injection 25 mg/5 mL (5 mg/mL) For Intravenous Use Only Rx Only Ready-To-Use 5 mL single use prefilled syringe 5 x 5 mL Pre-filled Syringe Carton
Medicaid utilization by pack size
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