HomeNDC LookupIngredientsOxcarbazepine › 62559-0221-01
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg Tablet, Film Coated, 100-count — NDC 62559-0221-01 package photo

Oxcarbazepine 300 mg Tablet, Film Coated, 100-count

by ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. · 100 TABLET, FILM COATED in 1 BOTTLE (62559-221-01)
NDC 62559-0221-01
🏷️ FDA NDC (as labeled) 62559-221-01 billing pads the product segment with a zero
This package
Contains100-count Cost per ea$0.1637 NADAC Per package$16.37 / 100 tablets Pack sizes2 compare ↓
Also priced by: Medicaid pays $0.2532/unit · Part D plans $0.2862/unit — full pricing hub ↓
Also comes in: 500 tablets 62559-0221-05
Rx only Generic On market Non-controlled
🗂️ Data synced Aug 6, 2026 · sources: openFDA · FDA label (DailyMed) · FDA Orange & Purple Book · First Databank · CMS NADAC, ASP, Medicare & Medicaid · RxNorm
📋 All sources & update times →

🆔 Identity & classification

FDA NDC (as labeled) 62559-221-01
Product NDC 62559-221
11-digit billing NDC 62559022101
NCPDP billing unit EA — each (per item)
RxCUI 312136, 312137, 312138
UNII VZI5B1W380
UPC 0362559221016, 0362559222051, 0362559222013, 0362559220057
Application # ANDA078005
SPL Set ID 867eaf99-3e31-4f75-bfae-2898804d956d
Established class (EPC) Anti-epileptic Agent
Physiologic effect Decreased Central Nervous System Disorganized Electrical Activity
DEA schedule Non-controlled
Marketing category ANDA
Marketing status On market
FDA listing status Listed (active directory)
Marketing start 2025-07-15
Route ORAL
Dosage form TABLET, FILM COATED
Substance OXCARBAZEPINE
GPI-14 72600046000320
GCN Seq No 027779
GCN 21721
HICL code 011735
Ingredient (HICL) Oxcarbazepine
HIC1 code H
Therapeutic class — broad (HIC1) Nervous System (Except Autonomic)
HIC2 code H4
Therapeutic class — intermediate (HIC2) Anticonvulsants
HIC3 code H4B
Therapeutic class — specific (HIC3) Anticonvulsants
AHFS code 28:12.24.00
AHFS class Ion Channel Inhibition Agents
FDB label name OXCARBAZEPINE 300 MG TABLET
FDB brand name Oxcarbazepine
Legend status F — Federal legend — prescription drug or device
TE code (Orange Book) AB · RLD · RS
Why two NDCs? The FDA registers this code as 62559-221-01 — a 5-3-2 layout, and that's what's printed on the package and shown on DailyMed. For insurance claims, every NDC is standardized to a uniform 11-digit 5-4-2 format by adding a zero to the product segment → 62559-0221-01. Same drug, same package — only the format differs.
Where does this data come from?
Identifiers from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Structured Product Labeling; RxCUI from RxNorm (NLM); GPI from Medi-Span; GCN / HIC / AHFS / legend from First Databank.

🏷️ RxNorm drug class

This medicine belongs to the Anti-epileptic Agent class.

Pharmacologic class Anti-epileptic Agent
Drug family (ATC) Carboxamide derivatives
Where does this data come from?
Therapeutic classes from RxNorm RxClass (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Established Pharmacologic Class (FDA), ATC drug family (WHO) and mechanism of action, matched by this product’s RxCUI.

🏭 Manufacturer & labeler

LabelerANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Application holderANI PHARMACEUTICALS INC
FDA applicationANDA078005 (ANDA)
Labeler code62559
First marketedJul 2025
Product typeHuman Prescription Drug
Portfolio299 products on file
The labeler markets the product; the application holder owns the FDA approval. They’re often the same company but can differ (e.g. a repackager or an authorized generic). A mailing address / phone appears here when the manufacturer includes it in the product’s FDA label (not all do).
Where does this data come from?
Labeler, application holder and registered establishment from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Drugs@FDA; address/contact from the product’s FDA label.

🩺 Clinical

Label name OXCARBAZEPINE 300 MG TABLET Ingredient Oxcarbazepine
📗 Our plain-language guide HelloPharmacist
  • Oxcarbazepine is used to treat partial-onset seizures — seizures that start in one part of the brain. It can be used on its own or together with other seizure medicines, depending...
  • What is oxcarbazepine actually used for?
  • Good news: the tablets and oral suspension can be taken with or without food, so you don't need to plan around meals. The extended-release tablet is taken once a day, while the reg...
  • How should I take it — does it matter if I take it with food?
📖 Read our full Oxcarbazepine guide →
2
Nutrient depletion considerations

Oxcarbazepine may be associated with lower levels of 2 nutrients — worth a chat with your pharmacist, not a cause for alarm.

An association is not a deficiency. Educational only — don't start or stop anything without professional guidance.
Where does this data come from?
Plain-language summary from MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine); supplement & herbal interactions and nutrient depletion data from the Natural Medicines database; our full guide is HelloPharmacist editorial content.

💊 What it looks like

Color Brown
ShapeCapsule
ImprintE;22
Size18 mm
ScoringScored — splits in 2
One label can cover several strengths, so colors may be combined — always confirm a loose pill against the dispensed prescription label or a pharmacist.
Where does this data come from?
Physical description (imprint, shape, color, scoring, coating) from this product’s FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL), mirrored from DailyMed / openFDA.

🧪 Inactive Ingredients / Excipients

Inactive ingredients, also called excipients, are components of the drug product other than the active ingredient. They may include fillers, dyes, coatings, preservatives, flavors, or other formulation ingredients.

💡 Tap an ingredient (hover on desktop) to see what it is and why it’s used.

  • UNII OP1R32D61U
    Microcrystalline cellulose is a purified form of cellulose, a natural fiber from plant sources. It acts as a binder and filler in tablets and capsules, helping hold ingredients together and give the medicine its shape and size.
  • UNII 68401960MK
    Crospovidone is a synthetic polymer made from polyvinylpyrrolidone. It acts as a disintegrant, helping tablets break apart quickly in the stomach so the medicine dissolves and absorbs into the body.
  • UNII 1K09F3G675
    Ferric oxide red is an inorganic iron compound used as a colorant in medicines. It gives tablets, capsules, or other dosage forms a red or reddish tint for identification and appearance.
  • UNII EX438O2MRT
    Ferric oxide yellow is a naturally occurring iron compound used as a colorant in medications. It gives tablets, capsules, and other forms a yellow or golden hue for identification and appearance.
  • UNII XM0M87F357
    A dark iron oxide compound that gives medicines their black or dark color. It's used as a colorant in tablets and capsules to help identify the product and make it visually distinctive.
  • UNII 0WZ8WG20P6
    Hypromellose 2910 is a plant-based cellulose derivative that acts as a thickener, binder, and film-coating agent. It helps control how quickly the medicine dissolves and protects the tablet or capsule from moisture and light.
  • UNII 70097M6I30
    Magnesium stearate is a salt made from magnesium and stearic acid, a fatty substance. It's used in tablets and capsules as a lubricant and glidant to help ingredients flow smoothly during manufacturing and prevent sticking.
  • UNII Q662QK8M3B
    Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a synthetic polymer made from ethylene oxide. It acts as a binder and filler in tablets and capsules, helping hold ingredients together and add bulk to the medicine.
  • UNII ETJ7Z6XBU4
    Silicon dioxide is a naturally occurring mineral used as a glidant and anti-caking agent. It helps powder ingredients flow smoothly and prevents clumping during manufacturing and storage.
  • UNII 7SEV7J4R1U
    A powder made from a naturally occurring mineral. In medicines, talc works as a glidant and anti-caking agent, helping tablets and capsules flow smoothly during manufacturing and preventing clumping.
  • UNII 15FIX9V2JP
    Titanium dioxide is a bright white mineral powder commonly used as a colorant and opacifying agent. It makes pills and tablets white or lighter in color and helps make coatings non-transparent.

11 inactive ingredients listed in the exact product block matched to this NDC.

Where does this data come from?
Data sourced from official FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL) via DailyMedingredient classCode="IACT" elements from the exact product block matched by this NDC. Label-section narrative from DailyMed / the openFDA label index is shown separately when available.

Inactive ingredient FAQ

Are inactive ingredients the same for every manufacturer?
No. Inactive ingredients can differ by manufacturer, dosage form, strength, and package / product version.
Why might an inactive ingredient be missing?
Some SPLs do not provide a complete structured inactive-ingredient list, and older or unusual labels may only include the information in narrative text.
Can inactive ingredients matter?
Yes. They can matter for allergies, intolerances, dyes, gluten / lactose concerns, preservatives, and formulation differences — but confirm with a pharmacist or the manufacturer when it’s clinically important.

💲 Pricing

A drug doesn't have one price. Each row is a different public payment system, and none is what you'd pay at the counter — that depends on your insurance. The ⓘ on each row explains what it measures.

Price systemPer eaPer package
Retail pharmacies payNADAC · weekly $0.164 $16.37 / 100 tablets
Medicaid paysCMS SDUD · 12 mo $0.2532 $25.32 / 100 tablets
Medicare drug plans payPart D · Q2 2026 $0.2862 $28.62 / 100 tablets
NADAC price history (per ea) — tap or hover for the price & month
Dec 2025 Feb 2026 May 2026 Aug 2026 $0.173 $0.164
▼ Down 5% over the last 9 months.
Where does this data come from?
NADAC (National Average Drug Acquisition Cost) is the CMS weekly pharmacy-acquisition-cost survey — what pharmacies pay. ASP (Average Sales Price) is the CMS Medicare Part B drug-payment file, published quarterly. Medicaid pays is computed by us from CMS State Drug Utilization Data (total reimbursed ÷ units, trailing 12 months) — gross of rebates and inclusive of dispensing fees, so it reflects what Medicaid paid, not an acquisition cost. Medicare drug plans pay is the median negotiated point-of-sale unit cost across plans listing this NDC in the CMS quarterly Prescription Drug Plan pricing files, before rebates. The VA pays is the federal contract price (FSS, and the statutory Big 4 ceiling where listed) from the VA National Acquisition Center pharmaceutical price file. All are free public government data; each measures a different payer, so the figures are not directly comparable.

🔁 Therapeutic equivalents

ProductLabelerPackNADAC/unitTEStatusPrice vs. this
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 00904-7263-61 Major 1 tablet $0.164 AB Availability likely
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 31722-0024-01 Camber 100 tablets $0.164 AB Availability likely
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 50268-0680-15 AvPAK 1 tablet $0.164 AB Availability likely
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 51991-0054-01 Breckenridge 100 tablets $0.164 AB Availability likely
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 51991-0293-01 Breckenridge 100 tablets $0.164 AB Availability likely
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 60687-0722-01 American 1 tablet $0.164 AB Availability likely
Oxcarbazepine 300 mgthis 62559-0221-01 ANI 100 tablets $0.164 AB Availability likely
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 68462-0138-01 Glenmark 100 tablets $0.164 AB Availability likely
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 72603-0271-01 NorthStar 100 tablets $0.164 AB Availability likely
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 72888-0088-01 Advagen 100 tablets $0.164 AB Availability likely
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 72888-0460-01 Advagen 100 tablets $0.164 AB Availability likely
Trileptal 300 mg 00078-0337-05 Novartis 100 tablets $10.456 AB Availability likely +6286%
Oxtellar Xr 300 mg 17772-0122-01 Supernus 100 tablets $12.748 AB Availability likely +7686%
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 00615-8448-39 NCS 30 tablets AB Discontinued
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 00615-8635-39 NCS 30 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 00904-7594-61 Major 1 tablet AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 55154-2138-00 Cardinal 1 tablet AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 55154-4320-00 Cardinal 1 tablet AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 60290-0068-01 Umedica 100 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 60429-0062-01 Golden 100 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 62756-0184-08 Sun 100 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 63629-9186-01 Bryant 500 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 67046-0868-03 Coupler 30 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 67046-1640-03 Coupler 30 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 67046-2084-03 Coupler 30 tablets AB FDA listed
oxcarbazepine 300 mg 68382-0692-01 Zydus 100 tablets FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 70518-2276-00 REMEDYREPACK 30 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 70518-2370-00 REMEDYREPACK 1 tablet AB Discontinued
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 70518-3237-02 REMEDYREPACK 30 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 70518-3921-00 REMEDYREPACK 1 tablet AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 70518-4663-00 REMEDYREPACK 30 tablets AB FDA listed
oxcarbazepine 300 mg 70771-1843-00 Zydus 1000 tablets FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 71335-0090-01 Bryant 30 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 71335-2548-01 Bryant 30 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 72162-1594-01 Bryant 100 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 72865-0284-01 XLCare 100 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 82804-0209-72 Proficient 120 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 87063-0208-01 ASCLEMED 100 tablets AB FDA listed
Oxcarbazepine 300 mg 90096-0172-01 Zameer 100 tablets AB FDA listed
About this product: this is a generic version of the medicine. FDA equivalence ratings are shown when available, and other versions are listed above, least expensive first.
Where does this data come from?
Equivalents are other NDCs of the same ingredient, form and route from the openFDA NDC Directory, ranked least-expensive-first by NADAC. Therapeutic-equivalence (AB) ratings come from the FDA Orange Book; biologics use the FDA Purple Book for biosimilar & interchangeable status.

Availability & generic status

🏛️
2025
On the market since
Jul 2025
📍
2026
Currently FDA-listed
1 year listed
🔓
·
Generic on the market
this product is a generic
This is a generic drug

This product is an FDA-approved generic. Other versions of the same drug are listed under Therapeutic equivalents, least expensive first.

Where does this data come from?
Patents and exclusivity from the FDA Orange Book (small-molecule drugs), refreshed from public FDA data. Generic launch timing is an estimate, not a guarantee.

🗺️ Medicaid utilization & spend

📍 This exact package only: Medicaid data is reported per full 11-digit NDC — labeler, product and pack size — so every number here is for 62559-0221-01, not the drug overall. Other pack sizes report separately.
💊 Pharmacy benefit only: These are Medicaid outpatient pharmacy claims, billed by NDC. They exclude the medical benefit — clinic- or hospital-administered drugs billed under HCPCS J-codes — so drugs used mostly that way (e.g. Avastin, Lucentis, Keytruda) can look low or missing here. That’s expected, not an error.
📅 Q3 2025 – Q4 2025 · 2 quarters of data
ⓘ The newest quarter is usually incomplete when first published; states restate recent quarters in later CMS releases, so the latest figures typically revise upward. State coverage-policy changes can also shift quarter-to-quarter totals.
Prescriptions last 4 qtrs
766
Units reimbursed last 4 qtrs
60.5K
Gross reimbursed last 4 qtrs
$15.3K
Avg / prescription
$19.99
Avg / unit
$0.2532
Latest quarter Q4 2025
607Rx
Medicaid pays / ea
$0.2532
gross reimbursed
vs
NADAC / ea
$0.1637
acquisition cost
=
Spread
+$0.0895
+55% vs cost
What Medicaid paid per ea (before rebates; includes the pharmacy’s dispensing fee) compared with NADAC — the average price pharmacies pay to buy the drug. A positive spread means Medicaid reimbursed more than the purchase price, before manufacturer rebates.
Fee-for-service vs managed care
83% FFS 17% MCO
Fee-for-service · 638 Rx Managed care · 128 Rx
State Medicaid map
Alaska: no data reported AK Maine: no data reported ME Washington: no data reported WA Idaho: no data reported ID Montana: no data reported MT North Dakota: no data reported ND Minnesota: no data reported MN Wisconsin: 1,215 units · 20.6 per 100k residents WI Michigan: 1,089 units · 10.8 per 100k residents MI New York: 37,603 units · 192 per 100k residents NY Vermont: 7,080 units · 1,094 per 100k residents VT New Hampshire: no data reported NH Oregon: no data reported OR Nevada: no data reported NV Wyoming: no data reported WY South Dakota: no data reported SD Iowa: no data reported IA Illinois: 1,907 units · 15.2 per 100k residents IL Indiana: no data reported IN Ohio: 2,310 units · 19.6 per 100k residents OH Pennsylvania: 2,449 units · 18.9 per 100k residents PA New Jersey: no data reported NJ Massachusetts: no data reported MA California: no data reported CA Utah: no data reported UT Colorado: no data reported CO Nebraska: no data reported NE Missouri: 1,672 units · 27.0 per 100k residents MO Kentucky: no data reported KY West Virginia: no data reported WV Virginia: no data reported VA Maryland: 2,508 units · 40.6 per 100k residents MD Connecticut: no data reported CT Rhode Island: no data reported RI Arizona: no data reported AZ New Mexico: no data reported NM Kansas: no data reported KS Arkansas: no data reported AR Tennessee: no data reported TN North Carolina: no data reported NC South Carolina: no data reported SC Delaware: no data reported DE Oklahoma: no data reported OK Louisiana: 2,640 units · 57.7 per 100k residents LA Mississippi: no data reported MS Alabama: no data reported AL Georgia: no data reported GA D.C.: no data reported DC Hawaii: no data reported HI Texas: no data reported TX Florida: no data reported FL
Units reimbursed · per 100k residents
10.81,094
gray = no data reported
Colors are per 100,000 residents, so big states don’t automatically dominate. Tap or hover a state for its actual totals.
Tap or hover a state
…for its Medicaid breakdown
🏆 Top states by units · per 100k residents
1 Vermont 1,094 /100k
2 New York 192 /100k
3 Louisiana 57.7 /100k
4 Maryland 40.6 /100k
5 Missouri 27.0 /100k
6 Wisconsin 20.6 /100k
7 Ohio 19.6 /100k
8 Pennsylvania 18.9 /100k
National units — by quarter
💵 About the dollar figures: “reimbursed” is what Medicaid paid pharmacies before confidential manufacturer rebates, so the program’s real net cost is lower than these numbers. Fee-for-service and managed-care claims are combined unless split above. Source: CMS State Drug Utilization Data; per-100k rates use 2023 Census population estimates.

💊 Medicaid utilization by pack size

Medicaid (SDUD) totals over the four most recent reported quarters for every package size of this drug — handy when a specific package (e.g. a starter/titration pack) carries little or no Medicaid volume on its own.
Drug total (last 4 qtrs): 795 Rx · 62,353 units · $15,942 gross reimbursed
Tap a pack size to open its page. Source: CMS State Drug Utilization Data, last 4 quarters.

📊 Medicare Part D spend CMS · PART D · 2026 (Q1)

Medicare Part D (outpatient prescription) spending for Oxcarbazepine — the program that covers self-administered drugs. 14 manufacturers.
⚠️ Drug-level data: CMS publishes Part D spending by drug, not by NDC — these figures combine every manufacturer, strength and package size sold under the name Oxcarbazepine. That’s a different level of aggregation than the Medicaid card above, which is specific to this exact 11-digit NDC (pack size included), so the two aren’t directly comparable.
Period
Total Part D spend
$17.24M
Claims incl. refills
319.5K
Beneficiaries
150K
Spend / beneficiary
$114.95
Spend / claim
$53.97
Trend by period
💵 About the dollar figures: spending is what Part D plans paid before confidential manufacturer rebates, so the program’s real net cost is lower. A blank patient count means fewer than 11 people — CMS hides counts that small to protect privacy. Source: CMS Medicare Quarterly Part D Spending by Drug (data.cms.gov), updated quarterly.

🔬 Reported adverse events (FAERS)

Read carefully: FAERS reports are voluntary and unverified. Counts are not incidence, do not establish causation, are subject to reporting bias, and cannot be used to compare one drug to another. Shown for signal context only. Reports for Oxcarbazepine — the ingredient across all brands.

Top reported reactions

Seizure2,923
Fatigue1,641
Dizziness1,558
Convulsion1,464
Headache1,462
Somnolence1,462
Nausea1,339

Age at onset

Neonate141
Infant91
Child373
Adolescent195
Adult1,825
Elderly419

Reporter sex

32,322 reports
Male · 41%
Female · 59%
Unknown · 0%

Serious outcomes

Hospitalization9,871
Life-threatening1,462
Disabling711
Reports over time (by year) — tap or hover for the count & year
2020 2022 2024 2026 2,268 0
Most recent year is provisional (FAERS lags ~3 months).
Where does this data come from?
Adverse-event reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) via openFDA. FAERS reports are voluntary and unverified — counts are not incidence and don’t establish causation.

📦 Packaging — all sizes for this product

Package NDCDescription Per unit Per pack Marketing startStatus
62559-0221-01 You're viewing this 100 TABLET, FILM COATED in 1 BOTTLE (62559-221-01) $0.1637 / ea $16.37 2025-07-15 Active
62559-0221-05 500 TABLET, FILM COATED in 1 BOTTLE (62559-221-05) $0.1637 / ea $81.86 2025-07-15 Active

You're viewing the smallest of 2 pack sizes for this product.

This pack has the lowest per-ea cost of the 2 priced pack sizes ($0.1637 NADAC).

In Medicaid, this is the most-dispensed pack of this product — about 96% of fills over the last four reported quarters. See all packs ↓

Pack size FAQ

What quantity is in NDC 62559-0221-01?
NDC 62559-0221-01 is a 100-count package — 100 tablet, film coated in 1 bottle.
What is the difference between NDC 62559-0221-01 and NDC 62559-0221-05?
Both are Oxcarbazepine 300 mg Tablet, Film Coated — the drug itself is identical. NDC 62559-0221-01 is the 100-count package, while NDC 62559-0221-05 is the 500 tablets package.
What NDC number is used to bill for this package of Oxcarbazepine 300 mg Tablet, Film Coated?
Bill NDC 62559-0221-01 — the 11-digit billing format is 62559022101. Pharmacy and medical claims use the 11-digit form; the FDA label may print a shorter form of the same code.

Prices are the latest CMS NADAC pharmacy acquisition cost per NDC; per-pack figures are per-unit × pack quantity, shown only when the pack is denominated in the same measure NADAC prices.

📄 Full prescribing information FDA SPL

The complete FDA label for this product — the official prescribing information, verbatim, section by section. Jump with a chip, search within the label, or expand everything.
🎯 Indications and Usage 100 words

1 INDICATIONS & USAGE Oxcarbazepine Tablets are indicated for use as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures in adults and as monotherapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures in pediatric patients aged 4 years and above, and as adjunctive therapy in pediatric patients aged 2 years and above with partial-onset seizures. Oxcarbazepine Tablets are indicated for: Adults: Monotherapy or adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures Pediatrics Monotherapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures in children 4 to 16 years Adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial-onset seizures in children 2 to 16 years (1)

⏱️ Dosage and Administration ~3 min read

2 DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION Adults: Initiate with a dose of 600 mg/day, given twice a day Adjunctive Therapy: Maximum increment of 600 mg/day at approximately weekly intervals. The recommended daily dose is 1200 mg/day (2.1) Conversion to Monotherapy: Withdrawal concomitant over 3 to 6 weeks; reach maximum dose of oxcarbazepine tablets in 2 to 4 weeks with increments of 600 mg/day at weekly intervals to a recommended daily dose of 2400 mg/day (2.2) Initiation of Monotherapy: Increments of 300 mg/day every third day to a dose of 1200 mg/day (2.3) Initiate at one-half the usual starting dose and increase slowly in patients with a creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min (2.7) Pediatrics: Initiation with 8 to 10 mg/kg/day, given twice a day.

For patients aged 2 to < 4 years and under 20 kg, a starting dose of 16 to 20 mg/kg/day may be considered. Recommended daily dose is dependent upon patient weight. Adjunctive Patients (Aged 2 to 16 Years): For patients aged 4 to 16 years, target maintenance dose should be achieved over 2 weeks (2.4).

For patients aged 2 to < 4 years, maximum maintenance dose should be achieved over 2 to 4 weeks and should not exceed 60 mg/kg/day (2.4) Conversion to Monotherapy for Patients (Aged 4 to 16 Years): Maximum increment of 10 mg/kg/day at weekly intervals, concomitant antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can be completely withdrawn over 3 to 6 weeks (2.5) Initiation of Monotherapy for Patients (Aged 4 to 16 Years): Increments of 5 mg/kg/day every third day (2.6)

2.1Adjunctive Therapy for Adults Initiate oxcarbazepine tablets with a dose of 600 mg/day, given twice a day. If clinically indicated, the dose may be increased by a maximum of 600 mg/day at approximately weekly intervals; the maximum recommended daily dose is 1200 mg/day. Daily doses above 1200 mg/day show somewhat greater effectiveness in controlled trials, but most patients were not able to tolerate the 2400 mg/day dose, primarily because of central nervous (CNS) effects.

Dosage adjustment is recommended with concomitant use of strong CYP3A4 enzyme inducers or UDP- glucuronosyltransferases (UGT) inducers, which include certain antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) [see Drug Interactions (7.1, 7.2)] .

2.2Conversion to Monotherapy for Adults Patients receiving concomitant AEDs may be converted to monotherapy by initiating treatment with oxcarbazepine tablets at 600 mg/day (given in a twice a day regimen) while simultaneously initiating the reduction of the dose of the concomitant AEDs. The concomitant AEDs should be completely withdrawn over 3 to 6 weeks, while the maximum dose of oxcarbazepine tablets should be reached in about 2 to 4 weeks. Oxcarbazepine tablets may be increased as clinically indicated by a maximum increment of 600 mg/day at approximately weekly intervals to achieve the maximum recommended daily dose of 2400 mg/day.

A daily dose of 1200 mg/day has been shown in one study to be effective in patients in whom monotherapy has been initiated with oxcarbazepine. Patients should be observed closely during this transition phase.

2.3Initiation of Monotherapy for Adults Patients not currently being treated with AEDs may have monotherapy initiated with oxcarbazepine tablets. In these patients, initiate oxcarbazepine tablets at a dose of 600 mg/day (given twice a day); the dose should be increased by 300 mg/day every third day to a dose of 1200 mg/day. Controlled trials in these patients examined the effectiveness of a 1200 mg/day dose; a dose of 2400 mg/day has been shown to be effective in patients converted from other AEDs to oxcarbazepine monotherapy (see above).

2.4Adjunctive Therapy for Pediatric Patients (Aged 2 to 16 Years) In pediatric patients aged 4 to 16 years, initiate oxcarbazepine tablets at a daily dose of 8 to 10 mg/kg generally not to exceed 600 mg/day, given twice a day. The target maintenance dose of oxcarbazepine tablets should be achieved over 2 weeks, and is dependent upon patient weight, according to the following chart: 20 to 29 kg-900…

💊 Dosage Forms and Strengths 173 words

3 DOSAGE FORMS & STRENGTHS Film-coated Tablets: 150 mg: Brown to dark brown, film-coated, capsule-shaped tablets. One side of the tablet is scored and debossed with "E" above the score and plain below the score. The other side of the tablet is scored and debossed with "2" on one side of the score and "0" on the other side.

300 mg: Brown to dark brown, film-coated, capsule-shaped tablets. One side of the tablet is scored and debossed with "E" above the score and plain below the score. The other side of the tablet is scored and debossed with "2" on one side of the score and "1" on the other side.

600 mg: Brown to dark brown, film-coated, capsule-shaped tablets. One side of the tablet is scored and debossed with "E" above the score and plain below the score. The other side of the tablet is scored and debossed with "2" on one side of the score and "2" on the other side.

Film-coated tablets: 150 mg, 300 mg and 600 mg (3)

Contraindications 47 words

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Oxcarbazepine tablets are contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to oxcarbazepine or to any of its components, or to eslicarbazepine acetate [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2, 5.3)] . Known hypersensitivity to oxcarbazepine or to any of its components, or to eslicarbazepine acetate (4, 5.2)

⚠️ Warnings and Cautions ~2 min read

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Hyponatremia: Monitor serum sodium levels (5.1) Cross Hypersensitivity Reaction to Carbamazepine: Discontinue immediately if hypersensitivity occurs (5.3) Serious Dermatological Reactions: If occurs, consider discontinuation (5.4) Suicidal Behavior and Ideation: Monitor for suicidal thoughts/behavior (5.5) Withdrawal of AEDs: Withdraw oxcarbazepine tablets gradually (5.6) Cognitive/Neuropsychiatric Adverse Reactions: May cause cognitive dysfunction, somnolence, and coordination abnormalities.

Use caution when operating machinery (5.7) Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)/Multi- Organ Hypersensitivity: Monitor and discontinue if another cause cannot be established (5.8) Hematologic Events: Consider discontinuing (5.9) Seizure Control During Pregnancy: Active metabolite may decrease (5.10) Risk of Seizure Aggravation: Discontinue if occurs (5.11)

5.1Hyponatremia Clinically significant hyponatremia (sodium < 125 mmol/L) can develop during oxcarbazepine use. In the 14 controlled epilepsy studies, 2.5% of oxcarbazepine-treated patients (38/1524) had a sodium of less than 125 mmol/L at some point during treatment, compared to no such patients assigned placebo or active control (carbamazepine and phenobarbital for adjunctive and monotherapy substitution studies, and phenytoin and valproate for the monotherapy initiation studies). Clinically significant hyponatremia generally occurred during the first 3 months of treatment with oxcarbazepine, although there were patients who first developed a serum sodium < 125 mmol/L more than 1 year after initiation of therapy.

Most patients who developed hyponatremia were asymptomatic, but patients in the clinical trials were frequently monitored and some had their oxcarbazepine dose reduced, discontinued, or had their fluid intake restricted for hyponatremia. Whether or not these maneuvers prevented the occurrence of more severe events is unknown. Cases of symptomatic hyponatremia and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) have been reported during postmarketing use.

In clinical trials, patients whose treatment with oxcarbazepine was discontinued due to hyponatremia generally experienced normalization of serum sodium within a few days without additional treatment. Measurement of serum sodium levels should be considered for patients during maintenance treatment with oxcarbazepine, particularly if the patient is receiving other medications known to decrease serum sodium levels (e.g., drugs associated with inappropriate ADH secretion), or if symptoms possibly indicating hyponatremia develop (e.g., nausea, malaise, headache, lethargy, confusion, obtundation, or increase in seizure frequency or severity).

5.2Anaphylactic Reactions and Angioedema Rare cases of anaphylaxis and angioedema involving the larynx, glottis, lips and eyelids have been reported in patients after taking the first or subsequent doses of oxcarbazepine. Angioedema associated with laryngeal edema can be fatal. If a patient develops any of these reactions after treatment with oxcarbazepine, the drug should be discontinued and an alternative treatment started.

These patients should not be rechallenged with the drug [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] .

5.3Cross Hypersensitivity Reaction to Carbamazepine Approximately 25% to 30% of patients who have had hypersensitivity reactions to carbamazepine will experience hypersensitivity reactions with oxcarbazepine. For this reason, patients should be specifically questioned about any prior experience with carbamazepine, and patients with a history of hypersensitivity reactions to carbamazepine should ordinarily be treated with oxcarbazepine only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk. If signs or symptoms of hypersensitivity develop, oxcarbazepine should be discontinued immediately [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2, 5.8)] .

5.4 Serious Dermatological Reactions Serious dermatological reactions, inc…

🤒 Adverse Reactions ~3 min read

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious adverse reactions are described below and elsewhere in the labeling: Hyponatremia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] Anaphylactic Reactions and Angioedema [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Cross Hypersensitivity Reaction to Carbamazepine [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] Serious Dermatological Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] Suicidal Behavior and Ideation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] Cognitive/Neuropsychiatric Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)] Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)/Multi-Organ Hypersensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)] Hematologic Events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)] The most common ( > 10% more than placebo for adjunctive or low dose for monotherapy) adverse reactions in adults and pediatrics were: dizziness, somnolence, diplopia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, abnormal vision, headache, nystagmus, tremor, and abnormal gait (6.1) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. at 1-855-204-1431 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

6.1Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Most Common Adverse Reactions in All Clinical Studies Adjunctive Therapy/Monotherapy in Adults Previously Treated With Other AEDs The most common ( > 10% more than placebo for adjunctive or low dose for monotherapy) adverse reactions with oxcarbazepine: dizziness, somnolence, diplopia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, abnormal vision, headache, nystagmus tremor, and abnormal gait.

Approximately 23% of these 1537 adult patients discontinued treatment because of an adverse reaction. The adverse reactions most commonly associated with discontinuation were: dizziness (6.4%), diplopia (5.9%), ataxia (5.2%), vomiting (5.1%), nausea (4.9%), somnolence (3.8%), headache (2.9%), fatigue (2.1%), abnormal vision (2.1%), tremor (1.8%), abnormal gait (1.7%), rash (1.4%), and hyponatremia (1.0%). Monotherapy in Adults Not Previously Treated With Other AEDs The most common ( > 5%) adverse reactions with oxcarbazepine in these patients were similar to those in previously treated patients.

Approximately 9% of these 295 adult patients discontinued treatment because of an adverse reaction. The adverse reactions most commonly associated with discontinuation were: dizziness (1.7%), nausea (1.7%), rash (1.7%), and headache (1.4%). Adjunctive Therapy/Monotherapy in Pediatric Patients 4 Years Old and Above Previously Treated With Other AEDs The most common ( > 5%) adverse reactions with oxcarbazepine in these patients were similar to those seen in adults.

Approximately 11% of these 456 pediatric patients discontinued treatment because of an adverse reaction. The adverse reactions most commonly associated with discontinuation were: somnolence (2.4%), vomiting (2.0%), ataxia (1.8%), diplopia (1.3%), dizziness (1.3%), fatigue (1.1%), and nystagmus (1.1%). Monotherapy in Pediatric Patients 4 Years Old and Above Not Previously Treated With Other AEDs The most common ( > 5%) adverse reactions with oxcarbazepine in these patients were similar to those in adults.

Approximately 9.2% of 152 pediatric patients discontinued treatment because of an adverse reaction. The adverse reactions most commonly associated ( > 1%) with discontinuation were rash (5.3%) and maculopapular rash (1.3%). Adjunctive Therapy/Monotherapy in Pediatric Patients 1 Month to < 4 Years Old Previously Treated or Not Previously Treated with Other AEDs: The most common ( > 5%) adverse reactions with oxcarbazepine in these patients were similar to those seen in older children and adults, except for infections and infestations which were more frequently seen in these younger children.…

🔄 Drug Interactions ~1 min read

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Phenytoin: Increased phenytoin levels. Reduced dose of phenytoin may be required (7.1) Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, and Phenobarbital: Decreased plasma levels of MHD (the active metabolite). Dose adjustments may be necessary (7.1) Oral Contraceptive: Oxcarbazepine may decrease the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives (7.3)

7.1Effect of Oxcarbazepine on Other Drugs Phenytoin levels have been shown to increase with concomitant use of oxcarbazepine at doses greater than 1200 mg/day [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . Therefore, it is recommended that the plasma levels of phenytoin be monitored during the period of oxcarbazepine titration and dosage modification. A decrease in the dose of phenytoin may be required .

7.2Effect of Other Drugs on Oxcarbazepine Strong inducers of cytochrome P450 enzymes and/or inducers of UGT (e.g., rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin and phenobarbital) have been shown to decrease the plasma/serum levels of MHD, the active metabolite of oxcarbazepine (25% to 49%) [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. If oxcarbazepine and strong CYP3A4 inducers, or UGT inducers are administered concurrently, it is recommended that the plasma levels of MHD be monitored during the period of oxcarbazepine titration. Dose adjustment of oxcarbazepine may be required after initiation, dosage modification, or discontinuation of such inducers.

7.3Hormonal Contraceptives Concurrent use of oxcarbazepine with hormonal contraceptives may render these contraceptives less effective [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . Studies with other oral or implant contraceptives have not been conducted.

👥 Use in Specific Populations ~3 min read

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Pregnancy: May cause fetal harm (8.1)

8.1Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to AEDs, such as oxcarbazepine tablets, during pregnancy. Encourage women who are taking oxcarbazepine tablets during pregnancy to enroll in the North American Antiepileptic Drug (NAAED) Pregnancy Registry by calling 1-888-233-2334 or visiting http://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/. Risk Summary Although oxcarbazepine tablets is closely related structurally to carbamazepine, which is considered to be teratogenic in humans, available human data from published literature and ongoing pregnancy registry studies on use of oxcarbazepine during pregnancy have not demonstrated an increased prevalence of major congenital malformations with first trimester exposure.

However, all published studies reviewed have important methodological limitations, including unmeasured confounding and a small number of exposed cases (see Data). There are risks to the mother and fetus associated with partial onset seizures (see Clinical Considerations ). There are no data on the risks associated with the use of oxcarbazepine tablets and miscarriage or other adverse maternal outcomes.

Increased incidences of fetal structural abnormalities and other manifestations of developmental toxicity (embryolethality, growth retardation) were observed in the offspring of animals treated with either oxcarbazepine or its active 10-hydroxy metabolite (MHD) during pregnancy at doses similar to the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD). In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated Maternal and/or Embryofetal Risk Epilepsy, with or without exposure to antiepileptic drugs, has been associated with several adverse outcomes during pregnancy, including preeclampsia, preterm labor, antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage, placental abruption, poor fetal growth, prematurity, fetal death, and maternal mortality. The risk of maternal or fetal injury may be greatest for patients with untreated or poorly controlled convulsive seizures.

Women with epilepsy who become pregnant should not abruptly discontinue antiepileptic drugs, including oxcarbazepine tablets, due to the risk of status epilepticus or severe seizures, which may be life-threatening [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]. Maternal Adverse Reactions An increase in seizure frequency may occur during pregnancy because of altered levels of the active metabolite of oxcarbazepine. Monitor patients carefully during pregnancy and through the postpartum period [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10)].

Data Human Data Data from a published retrospective cohort study and ongoing pregnancy registry studies on the use of oxcarbazepine during pregnancy have not demonstrated an increased prevalence of major congenital malformations with first trimester exposure. A retrospective cohort study conducted in Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) from 1996-2020 found that there was no increased prevalence of major congenital malformations when pregnancies exposed to oxcarbazepine during the first trimester were compared to pregnancies exposed to lamotrigine (adjusted risk ratio =1.09; 95% CI 0.83 to 1.44; n pregnancies exposed to oxcarbazepine= 1,313, n exposed cases = 58).

In an ongoing pregnancy registry that included data from over 40 countries from 1999 to 2022 and 443 pregnancies exposed to oxcarbazepine, oxcarbazepine exposure during the first trimester was not associated with major congenital malformations (adjusted odds ratio =1.09; 95% CI 0.56 to 2.13, n exposed cases = 10). However, there are important methodological limitations of these studies including un…

🤰 Pregnancy ~2 min read

8.1Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to AEDs, such as oxcarbazepine tablets, during pregnancy. Encourage women who are taking oxcarbazepine tablets during pregnancy to enroll in the North American Antiepileptic Drug (NAAED) Pregnancy Registry by calling 1-888-233-2334 or visiting http://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/. Risk Summary Although oxcarbazepine tablets is closely related structurally to carbamazepine, which is considered to be teratogenic in humans, available human data from published literature and ongoing pregnancy registry studies on use of oxcarbazepine during pregnancy have not demonstrated an increased prevalence of major congenital malformations with first trimester exposure.

However, all published studies reviewed have important methodological limitations, including unmeasured confounding and a small number of exposed cases (see Data). There are risks to the mother and fetus associated with partial onset seizures (see Clinical Considerations ). There are no data on the risks associated with the use of oxcarbazepine tablets and miscarriage or other adverse maternal outcomes.

Increased incidences of fetal structural abnormalities and other manifestations of developmental toxicity (embryolethality, growth retardation) were observed in the offspring of animals treated with either oxcarbazepine or its active 10-hydroxy metabolite (MHD) during pregnancy at doses similar to the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD). In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated Maternal and/or Embryofetal Risk Epilepsy, with or without exposure to antiepileptic drugs, has been associated with several adverse outcomes during pregnancy, including preeclampsia, preterm labor, antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage, placental abruption, poor fetal growth, prematurity, fetal death, and maternal mortality. The risk of maternal or fetal injury may be greatest for patients with untreated or poorly controlled convulsive seizures.

Women with epilepsy who become pregnant should not abruptly discontinue antiepileptic drugs, including oxcarbazepine tablets, due to the risk of status epilepticus or severe seizures, which may be life-threatening [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]. Maternal Adverse Reactions An increase in seizure frequency may occur during pregnancy because of altered levels of the active metabolite of oxcarbazepine. Monitor patients carefully during pregnancy and through the postpartum period [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10)].

Data Human Data Data from a published retrospective cohort study and ongoing pregnancy registry studies on the use of oxcarbazepine during pregnancy have not demonstrated an increased prevalence of major congenital malformations with first trimester exposure. A retrospective cohort study conducted in Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) from 1996-2020 found that there was no increased prevalence of major congenital malformations when pregnancies exposed to oxcarbazepine during the first trimester were compared to pregnancies exposed to lamotrigine (adjusted risk ratio =1.09; 95% CI 0.83 to 1.44; n pregnancies exposed to oxcarbazepine= 1,313, n exposed cases = 58).

In an ongoing pregnancy registry that included data from over 40 countries from 1999 to 2022 and 443 pregnancies exposed to oxcarbazepine, oxcarbazepine exposure during the first trimester was not associated with major congenital malformations (adjusted odds ratio =1.09; 95% CI 0.56 to 2.13, n exposed cases = 10). However, there are important methodological limitations of these studies including unmeasured confounding factors and a small number of exposed cases in…

🧒 Pediatric Use 140 words

8.4Pediatric Use Oxcarbazepine is indicated for use as adjunctive therapy for partial-onset seizures in patients aged 2 to 16 years. The safety and effectiveness for use as adjunctive therapy for partial-onset seizures in pediatric patients below the age of 2 have not been established. Oxcarbazepine is also indicated as monotherapy for partial-onset seizures in patients aged 4 to 16 years.

The safety and effectiveness for use as monotherapy for partial-onset seizures in pediatric patients below the age of 4 have not been established. Oxcarbazepine has been given to 898 patients between the ages of 1 month to 17 years in controlled clinical trials (332 treated as monotherapy) and about 677 patients between the ages of 1 month to 17 years in other trials [see Warnings and Precautions (5.11), Adverse Reactions (6.1), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3), and Clinical Studies (14)] .

🧓 Geriatric Use 116 words

8.5Geriatric Use There were 52 patients over age 65 in controlled clinical trials and 565 patients over the age of 65 in other trials. Following administration of single (300 mg) and multiple (600 mg/day) doses of oxcarbazepine in elderly volunteers (60 to 82 years of age), the maximum plasma concentrations and area under the curve (AUC) values of MHD were 30% to 60% higher than in younger volunteers (18 to 32 years of age). Comparisons of creatinine clearance in young and elderly volunteers indicate that the difference was due to age-related reductions in creatinine clearance.

Close monitoring of sodium levels is required in elderly patients at risk for hyponatremia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] .

🆘 Overdosage 105 words

10 OVERDOSAGE

10.1Human Overdose Experience Isolated cases of overdose with oxcarbazepine have been reported. The maximum dose taken was approximately 48,000 mg. All patients recovered with symptomatic treatment.

Nausea, vomiting, somnolence, aggression, agitation, hypotension, and tremor each occurred in more than one patient. Coma, confusional state, convulsion, dyscoordination, depressed level of consciousness, diplopia, dizziness, dyskinesia, dyspnea, QT prolongation, headache, miosis, nystagmus, overdose, decreased urine output, and blurred vision also occurred.

10.2Treatment and Management There is no specific antidote. Symptomatic and supportive treatment should be administered as appropriate. Removal of the drug by gastric lavage and/or inactivation by administering activated charcoal should be considered.

🧬 Clinical Pharmacology ~3 min read

12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

12.1Mechanism of Action The pharmacological activity of oxcarbazepine is primarily exerted through the 10-monohydroxy metabolite (MHD) of oxcarbazepine [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . The precise mechanism by which oxcarbazepine and MHD exert their anti-seizure effect is unknown; however, in vitro electrophysiological studies indicate that they produce blockade of voltage-sensitive sodium channels, resulting in stabilization of hyperexcited neural membranes, inhibition of repetitive neuronal firing, and diminution of propagation of synaptic impulses.

These actions are thought to be important in the prevention of seizure spread in the intact brain. In addition, increased potassium conductance and modulation of high- voltage activated calcium channels may contribute to the anticonvulsant effects of the drug. No significant interactions of oxcarbazepine or MHD with brain neurotransmitter or modulator receptor sites have been demonstrated.

12.2Pharmacodynamics Oxcarbazepine and its active metabolite (MHD) exhibit anticonvulsant properties in animal seizure models. They protected rodents against electrically induced tonic extension seizures and, to a lesser degree, chemically induced clonic seizures, and abolished or reduced the frequency of chronically recurring focal seizures in Rhesus monkeys with aluminum implants. No development of tolerance (i.e., attenuation of anticonvulsive activity) was observed in the maximal electroshock test when mice and rats were treated daily for 5 days and 4 weeks, respectively, with oxcarbazepine or MHD.

12.3Pharmacokinetics Following oral administration of oxcarbazepine tablets, oxcarbazepine is completely absorbed and extensively metabolized to its pharmacologically active 10-monohydroxy metabolite (MHD). In a mass balance study in people, only 2% of total radioactivity in plasma was due to unchanged oxcarbazepine, with approximately 70% present as MHD, and the remainder attributable to minor metabolites. The half-life of the parent is about 2 hours, while the half-life of MHD is about 9 hours, so that MHD is responsible for most antiepileptic activity.

Absorption Based on MHD concentrations, oxcarbazepine tablets and suspension were shown to have similar bioavailability. After single-dose administration of oxcarbazepine tablets to healthy male volunteers under fasted conditions, the median t max was 4.5 (range, 3 to 13) hours. After single-dose administration of oxcarbazepine oral suspension to healthy male volunteers under fasted conditions, the median t max was 6 hours.

Steady-state plasma concentrations of MHD are reached within 2 to 3 days in patients when oxcarbazepine is given twice a day. At steady state the pharmacokinetics of MHD are linear and show dose proportionality over the dose range of 300 to 2400 mg/day. Food has no effect on the rate and extent of absorption of oxcarbazepine from oxcarbazepine tablets.

Although not directly studied, the oral bioavailability of the oxcarbazepine suspension is unlikely to be affected under fed conditions. Therefore, oxcarbazepine tablets and suspension can be taken with or without food. Distribution The apparent volume of distribution of MHD is 49 L.

Approximately 40% of MHD is bound to serum proteins, predominantly to albumin. Binding is independent of the serum concentration within the therapeutically relevant range. Oxcarbazepine and MHD do not bind to alpha-1-acid glycoprotein.

Metabolism and Excretion Oxcarbazepine is rapidly reduced by cytosolic enzymes in the liver to its 10-monohydroxy metabolite, MHD, which is primarily responsible for the pharmacological effect of oxcarbazepine. MHD is metabolized further by conjugation with glucuronic acid. Minor amounts (4% of the dose) are oxidized to the pharmacologically inactive 10,11-dihydroxy metabolite (DHD).

Oxcarbazepine is cleared from the body mostly in the form of metabolites which are predominantly excreted by the kidneys. More than 95% of the dose appear…

🧬 Mechanism of Action 127 words

12.1Mechanism of Action The pharmacological activity of oxcarbazepine is primarily exerted through the 10-monohydroxy metabolite (MHD) of oxcarbazepine [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . The precise mechanism by which oxcarbazepine and MHD exert their anti-seizure effect is unknown; however, in vitro electrophysiological studies indicate that they produce blockade of voltage-sensitive sodium channels, resulting in stabilization of hyperexcited neural membranes, inhibition of repetitive neuronal firing, and diminution of propagation of synaptic impulses.

These actions are thought to be important in the prevention of seizure spread in the intact brain. In addition, increased potassium conductance and modulation of high- voltage activated calcium channels may contribute to the anticonvulsant effects of the drug. No significant interactions of oxcarbazepine or MHD with brain neurotransmitter or modulator receptor sites have been demonstrated.

📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling ~1 min read

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Oxcarbazepine Tablets USP are supplied as: 150 mg Tablets: Brown to dark brown, film-coated, capsule-shaped tablets. One side of the tablet is scored and debossed with "E" above the score and plain below the score. The other side of the tablet is scored and debossed with "2" on one side of the score and "0" on the other side.

Bottle of 100 NDC 62559-220-01 Bottle of 500 NDC 62559-220-05 300 mg Tablets : Brown to dark brown, film-coated, capsule-shaped tablets. One side of the tablet is scored and debossed with "E" above the score and plain below the score. The other side of the tablet is scored and debossed with "2" on one side of the score and "1" on the other side.

Bottle of 100 NDC 62559-221-01 Bottle of 500 NDC 62559-221-05 600 mg Tablets: Brown to dark brown, film-coated, capsule-shaped tablets. One side of the tablet is scored and debossed with "E" above the score and plain below the score. The other side of the tablet is scored and debossed with "2" on one side of the score and "2" on the other side.

Bottle of 100 NDC 62559-222-01 Bottle of 500 NDC 62559-222-05 Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F), excursions permitted between 15°C and 30°C (59°F and 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Dispense in tight container (USP).

📋 Description 110 words

11 DESCRIPTION Oxcarbazepine Tablets USP are an AED available as 150 mg, 300 mg, and 600 mg film-coated tablets for oral administration. Oxcarbazepine is 10,11-Dihydro-10-oxo- 5 H -dibenz[b, f ]azepine-5-carboxamide, and its structural formula is: Oxcarbazepine is a white to faintly orange crystalline powder. It is slightly soluble in chloroform, dichloromethane, acetone, and methanol and practically insoluble in ethanol, ether and water.

Its molecular weight is 252.27 g/mol. Oxcarbazepine Tablets USP contain the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, hypromellose, iron oxide black, iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, talc, and titanium dioxide. Oxcarbazepine Tablets USP meet USP Organic Impurities Test 2. structure

💬 Information for Patients ~3 min read

17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Medication Guide). Administration Information Counsel patients that oxcarbazepine may be taken with or without food. Hyponatremia Advise patients that oxcarbazepine may reduce the serum sodium concentrations especially if they are taking other medications that can lower sodium.

Instruct patients to report symptoms of low sodium like nausea, tiredness, lack of energy, confusion, and more frequent or more severe seizures [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] . Anaphylactic Reactions and Angioedema Anaphylactic reactions and angioedema may occur during treatment with oxcarbazepine. Advise patients to report immediately signs and symptoms suggesting angioedema (swelling of the face, eyes, lips, tongue, or difficulty in swallowing or breathing) and to stop taking the drug until they have consulted with their physician [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] .

Cross Hypersensitivity Reaction to Carbamazepine Inform patients who have exhibited hypersensitivity reactions to carbamazepine that approximately 25% to 30% of these patients may experience hypersensitivity reactions with oxcarbazepine. Patients should be advised that if they experience a hypersensitivity reaction while taking oxcarbazepine they should consult with their physician immediately [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] . Serious Dermatological Reactions Advise patients that serious skin reactions have been reported in association with oxcarbazepine.

In the event a skin reaction should occur while taking oxcarbazepine, patients should consult with their physician immediately [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] . Suicidal Behavior and Ideation Patients, their caregivers, and families should be counseled that AEDs, including oxcarbazepine, may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior and should be advised of the need to be alert for the emergence or worsening of symptoms of depression, any unusual changes in mood or behavior, or the emergence of suicidal thoughts, behavior, or thoughts about self-harm.

Behaviors of concern should be reported immediately to healthcare providers [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] . Driving and Operating Machinery Advise patients that oxcarbazepine may cause adverse reactions, such as dizziness, somnolence, ataxia, visual disturbances, and depressed level of consciousness. Accordingly, advise patients not to drive or operate machinery until they have gained sufficient experience on oxcarbazepine to gauge whether it adversely affects their ability to drive or operate machinery [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) and Adverse Reactions (6)].

Multi-Organ Hypersensitivity Instruct patients that a fever associated with other organ system involvement (e.g., rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatic dysfunction) may be drug-related and should be reported to their healthcare provider immediately [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)] . Hematologic Events Advise patients that there have been rare reports of blood disorders reported in patients treated with oxcarbazepine. Instruct patients to immediately consult with their physician if they experience symptoms suggestive of blood disorders [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)] .

Drug Interactions Caution female patients of reproductive potential that the concurrent use of oxcarbazepine with hormonal contraceptives may render this method of contraception less effective [see Drug Interactions (7.2) and Use in Specific Populations (8.1)] . Additional non-hormonal forms of contraception are recommended when using oxcarbazepine. Caution should be exercised if alcohol is taken in combination with oxcarbazepine, due to a possible additive sedative effect.

Pregnancy Registry Encourage patients to enroll in the North American Antiepileptic Drug (NAAED) Pregnancy Registry if they become pregnant. This registry is collecting information about the safety of AEDs during pregnancy [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)]. M…

💬 Medication Guide ~3 min read

Medication Guide MEDICATION GUIDE Oxcarbazepine Tablets USP, for oral use (ox kar baz’ e peen) What is the most important information I should know about oxcarbazepine tablets? Do not stop taking oxcarbazepine tablets without first talking to your healthcare provider. Stopping oxcarbazepine tablets suddenly can cause serious problems.

Oxcarbazepine tablets can cause serious side effects, including: 1. Oxcarbazepine tablets may cause the level of sodium in your blood to be low . Symptoms of low blood sodium include: Similar symptoms that are not related to low sodium may occur from taking oxcarbazepine tablets.

You should tell your healthcare provider if you have any of these side effects and if they bother you or they do not go away. Some other medicines can also cause low sodium in your blood. Be sure to tell your healthcare provider about all the other medicines that you are taking.

Your healthcare provider may do blood tests to check your sodium levels during your treatment with oxcarbazepine tablets. 2. Oxcarbazepine tablets may also cause allergic reactions or serious problems which may affect organs and other parts of your body like the liver or blood cells .

You may or may not have a rash with these types of reactions. Call your healthcare provider right away if you have any of the following: Many people who are allergic to carbamazepine are also allergic to oxcarbazepine tablets. Tell your healthcare provider if you are allergic to carbamazepine.

3. Like other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), oxcarbazepine tablets may cause suicidal thoughts or actions in a very small number of people, about 1 in 500. Call a healthcare provider right away if you have any of these symptoms, especially if they are new, worse, or worry you: How can I watch for early symptoms of suicidal thoughts and actions?

Pay attention to any changes, especially sudden changes, in mood, behaviors, thoughts, or feelings. Keep all follow-up visits with your healthcare provider as scheduled. Call your healthcare provider between visits as needed, especially if you are worried about symptoms.

Do not stop taking oxcarbazepine tablets without first talking to a healthcare provider. Stopping oxcarbazepine suddenly can cause serious problems. Stopping a seizure medicine suddenly in a patient who has epilepsy may cause seizures that will not stop (status epilepticus).

Suicidal thoughts or actions may be caused by things other than medicines. If you have suicidal thoughts or actions, your healthcare provider may check for other causes. What are oxcarbazepine tablets?

Oxcarbazepine tablets are a prescription medicine used: alone or with other medicines to treat partial-onset seizures in adults alone to treat partial-onset seizures in children 4 years of age and older with other medicines to treat partial-onset seizures in children 2 years of age and older It is not known if oxcarbazepine tablets are safe and effective for use alone to treat partial-onset seizures in children less than 4 years of age or for use with other medicines to treat partial-onset seizures in children less than 2 years of age.

Do not take oxcarbazepine tablets if you are allergic to oxcarbazepine tablets or any of the other ingredients in oxcarbazepine tablets, or to eslicarbazepine acetate. See the end of this Medication Guide for a complete list of ingredients in oxcarbazepine tablets. Many people who are allergic to carbamazepine are also allergic to oxcarbazepine.

Tell your healthcare provider if you are allergic to carbamazepine. Before taking oxcarbazepine tablets, tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you: have or have had suicidal thoughts or actions, depression or mood problems have liver problems have kidney problems are allergic to carbamazepine. Many people who are allergic to carbamazepine are also allergic to oxcarbazepine tablets. use birth control medicine.

Oxcarbazepine tablets may cause your birth control medicine to be less effective. Ta…

Source: FDA Structured Product Labeling, mirrored from DailyMed / openFDA. Prefer the government’s original formatting? View this label on DailyMed ↗
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