LEVETIRACETAM 500 mg Tablet, Film Coated, 90-count
🆔 Identity & classification
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🏷️ RxNorm drug class
This medicine belongs to the Other antiepileptics class.
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🏭 Manufacturer & labeler
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🩺 Clinical
Levetiracetam is used alone and along with other medications to control partial-onset seizures (seizures that involve only one part of the brain) in adults, children, and infants 1 month of age or older. Levetiracetam is also used in combination with other medications to treat seizure in adults and children 12 years of age or older with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Levetiracetam is also used in combination with other medications to treat primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures (formerly known as a grand mal seizure; seizure that involves the entire body) in adults and children 6 years of age...
Read the full MedlinePlus article ↗- Levetiracetam is an anti-seizure medicine. Depending on the product and your age, it can be used to treat partial-onset seizures (seizures starting in one part of the brain), myocl...
- What is levetiracetam actually used for?
- It can, especially when you first start taking it. Drowsiness, fatigue, and dizziness are among the most common side effects and tend to be most noticeable in the first few weeks....
- Will levetiracetam make me feel tired or foggy?
Patient education
Supplement & herbal interactions
Some supplements/herbs that may interact with Levetiracetam — tap one for details:
Levetiracetam may be associated with lower levels of 1 nutrient — worth a chat with your pharmacist, not a cause for alarm.
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Ask a licensed pharmacist directly — free, answered by our team.
💊 What it looks like
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🧪 Inactive Ingredients / Excipients
Inactive ingredients, also called excipients, are components of the drug product other than the active ingredient. They may include fillers, dyes, coatings, preservatives, flavors, or other formulation ingredients.
💡 Tap an ingredient (hover on desktop) to see what it is and why it’s used.
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UNII M28OL1HH48
Croscarmellose sodium is a plant-based substance derived from cellulose. It acts as a disintegrant, helping tablets and capsules break down quickly in the digestive system so the medicine can be absorbed.
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UNII EX438O2MRT
Ferric oxide yellow is a naturally occurring iron compound used as a colorant in medications. It gives tablets, capsules, and other forms a yellow or golden hue for identification and appearance.
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UNII 70097M6I30
Magnesium stearate is a salt made from magnesium and stearic acid, a fatty substance. It's used in tablets and capsules as a lubricant and glidant to help ingredients flow smoothly during manufacturing and prevent sticking.
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UNII G2M7P15E5P
Polyethylene glycol 3350 is a synthetic polymer used as a solvent, humectant, and thickening agent in medicines. It helps dissolve other ingredients, retain moisture in the product, and achieve the desired consistency.
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UNII 532B59J990
Polyvinyl alcohol is a synthetic polymer made from plant-derived materials. It's used as a binder to hold ingredients together, a film-former in coatings, and a thickener in liquid formulations.
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UNII FZ989GH94E
Povidone is a synthetic polymer made from a plastic-like material. It acts as a binder to hold tablet ingredients together and as a disintegrant to help the tablet break apart in your stomach so the medicine can be absorbed.
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UNII ETJ7Z6XBU4
Silicon dioxide is a naturally occurring mineral used as a glidant and anti-caking agent. It helps powder ingredients flow smoothly and prevents clumping during manufacturing and storage.
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UNII O8232NY3SJ
A plant-based carbohydrate derived from corn kernels. It acts as a filler to add bulk, a binder to hold ingredients together, and a disintegrant to help the tablet break apart in your stomach for absorption.
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UNII 7SEV7J4R1U
A powder made from a naturally occurring mineral. In medicines, talc works as a glidant and anti-caking agent, helping tablets and capsules flow smoothly during manufacturing and preventing clumping.
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UNII 15FIX9V2JP
Titanium dioxide is a bright white mineral powder commonly used as a colorant and opacifying agent. It makes pills and tablets white or lighter in color and helps make coatings non-transparent.
10 inactive ingredients listed in the exact product block matched to this NDC.
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ingredient classCode="IACT" elements from the exact product block matched by this NDC. Label-section narrative from DailyMed / the openFDA label index is shown separately when available.Inactive ingredient FAQ
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💲 Pricing
A drug doesn't have one price. Each row is a different public payment system, and none is what you'd pay at the counter — that depends on your insurance. The ⓘ on each row explains what it measures.
| Price system | Per each | Per package |
|---|---|---|
| Retail pharmacies payNADAC · weekly | Not in the retail survey — common for institutional, discontinued, or low-volume packs. | |
| Medicaid paysCMS SDUD · 12 mo | No recent Medicaid claims on file for this NDC — rare and low-volume NDCs are suppressed in the public data. | |
| Medicare drug plans payPart D · Q2 2026 | $0.1374 | $12.37 / 90 tablets |
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🔁 Therapeutic equivalents
| Product | Labeler | Pack | NADAC/unit | TE | Status | Price vs. this |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 00378-5615-05 | Mylan | 500 tablets | $0.074 | — | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 00904-7124-61 | Major | 1 tablet | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 16714-0035-01 | NorthStar | 120 tablets | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 27808-0264-01 | Cranbury | 120 tablets | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 31722-0537-05 | Camber | 500 tablets | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 43547-0222-11 | Solco | 1000 tablets | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 50228-0471-05 | ScieGen | 500 tablets | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 51079-0821-20 | Mylan | 1 tablet | $0.074 | — | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 60687-0657-01 | American | 1 tablet | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 65862-0246-05 | Aurobindo | 500 tablets | $0.074 | — | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 67877-0769-05 | Ascend | 500 tablets | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 68001-0403-03 | BluePoint | 500 tablets | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 68180-0113-02 | Lupin | 500 tablets | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 72205-0095-92 | Novadoz | 120 tablets | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 82009-0122-05 | Quallent | 500 tablets | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 69102-0105-01 | OWP | 120 tablets | $0.074 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 13668-0015-05 | Torrent | 500 tablets | $0.095 | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Keppra 500 mg 50474-0595-40 | UCB, | 120 tablets | $9.916 | AB | Availability likely | — |
| Spritam 500 mg 43485-0102-60 | Aprecia | 1 tablet | $10.241 | — | Availability likely | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 00615-8499-05 | NCS | 15 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 43063-0499-60 | PD-Rx | 60 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 43063-0617-60 | PD-Rx | 60 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 43547-0881-15 | Solco | 120 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 48433-0052-20 | Safecor | 1 tablet | — | — | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 50090-1333-00 | A-S | 120 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 50090-7521-00 | A-S | 120 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 50090-7717-00 | A-S | 120 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 50090-7768-00 | A-S | 120 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 50090-7820-00 | A-S | 120 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 50405-0301-01 | SOHM, | 30 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 51655-0325-52 | Northwind | 30 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 55111-0182-01 | Dr. | 100 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 55154-3367-00 | Cardinal | 1 tablet | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 55154-5699-00 | Cardinal | 1 tablet | — | — | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 63187-0360-30 | Proficient | 30 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 63629-4137-01 | Bryant | 90 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 64980-0605-01 | Rising | 100 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 65162-0529-16 | Amneal | 120 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 67046-0420-03 | Coupler | 30 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 67046-2094-03 | Coupler | 30 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 68788-8254-01 | Preferred | 100 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 68788-8843-01 | Preferred | 100 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 70010-0522-03 | Granules | 30 tablets | — | — | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 70518-1108-00 | REMEDYREPACK | 30 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 70518-1796-00 | REMEDYREPACK | 30 tablets | — | AB | Discontinued | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 70518-4301-00 | REMEDYREPACK | 30 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 71335-0694-01 | Bryant | 90 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 71335-2282-01 | Bryant | 500 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 71335-9757-01 | Bryant | 90 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mgthis 72189-0229-90 | DIRECT | 90 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 72789-0152-60 | PD-Rx | 60 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 72865-0188-05 | XLCare | 500 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 76282-0247-12 | Exelan | 120 tablets | — | — | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 76494-0529-12 | Prinston | 120 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 80425-0565-01 | Advanced | 120 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 80425-0566-01 | Advanced | 120 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 87063-0191-12 | ASCLEMED | 120 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 87234-0035-01 | Injecta | 1 tablet | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 87441-0046-01 | Unit | 30 tablets | — | AB | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 66993-0101-60 | Prasco | 1 tablet | — | — | FDA listed | — |
| Levetiracetam 500 mg 70518-1772-00 | REMEDYREPACK | 30 tablets | — | AB | Discontinued | — |
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⏳ Availability & generic status
This product is an FDA-approved generic. Other versions of the same drug are listed under Therapeutic equivalents, least expensive first.
Where does this data come from?
📊 Medicare Part D spend CMS · PART D · 2026 (Q1)
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📦 Packaging — all sizes for this product
| Package NDC | Description | Marketing start | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 72189-0229-60 | 60 TABLET, FILM COATED in 1 BOTTLE (72189-229-60) | 2021-06-01 | Active |
| 72189-0229-90 You're viewing this | 90 TABLET, FILM COATED in 1 BOTTLE (72189-229-90) | 2021-06-01 | Active |
You're viewing the largest of 2 pack sizes for this product.
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🧭 About this NDC listing & data coverage
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| NDC identity (package / product / labeler codes) | ✓ Available |
| Labeler | ✓ Available |
| Product & package description | ✓ Available |
| Marketing category & status | ✓ Available |
| Active ingredient / dosage form / route | ✓ Available |
| FDA label (SPL via DailyMed) | ✓ Available |
| Package photos | ✓ Available |
| Inactive ingredients (structured) | ✓ Available |
| NADAC pharmacy acquisition price (CMS) | — Not published for this NDC CMS publishes NADAC only for NDCs reported in its retail-pharmacy survey. |
| Orange Book / therapeutic-equivalence data | ✓ Available |
| HCPCS J-code billing crosswalk | — Not published for this NDC Most self-administered / retail products have no J-code — that is normal. |
| Medicaid utilization (CMS SDUD) | — Not published for this NDC CMS reports utilization only for NDCs with Medicaid claims above its privacy threshold. |
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📄 Full prescribing information FDA SPL
🎯 Indications and Usage ▾
1.1Partial Onset Seizures Levetiracetam tablet is indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial onset seizures in adults and children 1 month of age and older with epilepsy.
1.2Myoclonic Seizures in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy Levetiracetam tablet is indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of myoclonic seizures in adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.
1.3Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures Levetiracetam tablet is indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adults and children 6 years of age and older with idiopathic generalized epilepsy.
⏱️ Dosage and Administration ▾
2.1Important Administration Instructions Levetiracetam tablet is given orally with or without food. The levetiracetam tablets dosing regimen depends on the indication, age group, dosage form (tablets or oral solution), and renal function. Levetiracetam tablets should be swallowed whole. Levetiracetam tablets should not be chewed or crushed.
2.2Dosing for Partial Onset Seizures Adults 16 Years and Older Initiate treatment with a daily dose of 1,000 mg/day, given as twice-daily dosing (500 mg twice daily). Additional dosing increments may be given (1,000 mg/day additional every 2 weeks) to a maximum recommended daily dose of 3,000 mg. There is no evidence that doses greater than 3,000 mg/day confer additional benefit.
Pediatric Patients 1 Month to < 6 Months Initiate treatment with a daily dose of 14 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (7 mg/kg twice daily). Increase the daily dose every 2 weeks by increments of 14 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 42 mg/kg (21 mg/kg twice daily). In the clinical trial, the mean daily dose was 35 mg/kg in this age group.
The effectiveness of lower doses has not been studied. 6 Months to <4 Years: Initiate treatment with a daily dose of 20 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (10 mg/kg twice daily). Increase the daily dose in 2 weeks by an increment of 20 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 50 mg/kg (25 mg/kg twice daily).
If a patient cannot tolerate a daily dose of 50 mg/kg, the daily dose may be reduced. In the clinical trial, the mean daily dose was 47 mg/kg in this age group. 4 Years to < 16 Years Initiate treatment with a daily dose of 20 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (10 mg/kg twice daily).
Increase the daily dose every 2 weeks by increments of 20 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 60 mg/kg (30 mg/kg twice daily). If a patient cannot tolerate a daily dose of 60 mg/kg, the daily dose may be reduced. In the clinical trial, the mean daily dose was 44 mg/kg.
The maximum daily dose was 3,000 mg/day. For levetiracetam tablet dosing in pediatric patients weighing 20 to 40 kg, initiate treatment with a daily dose of 500 mg given as twice daily dosing (250 mg twice daily). Increase the daily dose every 2 weeks by increments of 500 mg to a maximum recommended daily dose of 1,500 mg (750 mg twice daily).
For levetiracetam tablet dosing in pediatric patients weighing more than 40 kg, initiate treatment with a daily dose of 1,000 mg/day given as twice daily dosing (500 mg twice daily). Increase the daily dose every 2 weeks by increments of 1,000 mg/day to a maximum recommended daily dose of 3,000 mg (1,500 mg twice daily).
2.3Dosing for Myoclonic Seizures in Patients 12 Years of Age and Older with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy Initiate treatment with a dose of 1,000 mg/day, given as twice-daily dosing (500 mg twice daily). Increase the dosage by 1,000 mg/day every 2 weeks to the recommended daily dose of 3,000 mg. The effectiveness of doses lower than 3,000 mg/day has not been studied.
2.4Dosing for Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures Adults 16 Years and Older Initiate treatment with a dose of 1,000 mg/day, given as twice-daily dosing (500 mg twice daily). Increase dosage by 1,000 mg/day every 2 weeks to the recommended daily dose of 3,000 mg. The effectiveness of doses lower than 3,000 mg/day has not been adequately studied.
Pediatric Patients Ages 6 to <16 Years Initiate treatment with a daily dose of 20 mg/kg in 2 divided doses (10 mg/kg twice daily). Increase the daily dose every 2 weeks by increments of 20 mg/kg to the recommended daily dose of 60 mg/kg (30 mg/kg twice daily). The effectiveness of doses lower than 60 mg/kg/day has not been adequately studied.
Patients with body weight ≤20 kg should be dosed with oral solution. Patients with body weight above 20 kg can be dosed with tablets [see Dosage and Administration (2.1)]. Only whole tablets should be administered.
2.5Dosage Adjustments in Adult Patients with Renal Impairment Levetiracetam tablets dosing must be individualized according to the patie…
💊 Dosage Forms and Strengths ▾
Levetiracetam tablets USP, 250 mg are blue coloured, oblong shaped, scored, film coated tablets debossed with 'H' on one side and '87' on other side. Levetiracetam tablets USP, 500 mg are yellow coloured, oblong shaped, scored, film coated tablets debossed with 'H' on one side and '88' on other side. Levetiracetam tablets USP, 750 mg are orange coloured, oblong shaped, scored, film coated tablets debossed with 'H' on one side and '90' on other side.
Levetiracetam tablets USP, 1000 mg are white coloured, oblong shaped, scored, film coated tablets debossed with 'H' on one side and '91' on other side.
⛔ Contraindications ▾
Levetiracetam tablets are contraindicated in patients with a hypersensitivity to levetiracetam. Reactions have included anaphylaxis and angioedema [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].
⚠️ Warnings and Cautions ▾
5.1Behavioral Abnormalities and Psychotic Symptoms Levetiracetam may cause behavioral abnormalities and psychotic symptoms. Patients treated with levetiracetam should be monitored for psychiatric signs and symptoms. Behavioral abnormalities In clinical studies, 13% of adult levetiracetam-treated patients and 38% of pediatric levetiracetam-treated patients (4 to 16 years of age) compared to 6% and 19% of adult and pediatric placebo-treated patients, experienced non-psychotic behavioral symptoms (reported as aggression, agitation, anger, anxiety, apathy, depersonalization, depression, emotional lability, hostility, hyperkinesias, irritability, nervousness, neurosis, and personality disorder).
A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed to assess the neurocognitive and behavioral effects of levetiracetam as adjunctive therapy in pediatric patients (4 to 16 years of age). The results from an exploratory analysis indicated a worsening in levetiracetam-treated patients on aggressive behavior (one of eight behavior dimensions) as measured in a standardized and systematic way using a validated instrument, the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/6 to 18). In clinical studies in pediatric patients 1 month to < 4 years of age, irritability was reported in 12% of the levetiracetam-treated patients compared to 0% of placebo-treated patients.
In clinical studies, 1.7% of adult levetiracetam-treated patients discontinued treatment due to behavioral adverse reactions, compared to 0.2% of placebo-treated patients. The treatment dose was reduced in 0.8% of adult levetiracetam-treated patients and in 0.5% of placebo-treated patients. Overall, 11% of levetiracetam-treated pediatric patients experienced behavioral symptoms associated with discontinuation or dose reduction, compared to 6% of placebo-treated patients.
Psychotic symptoms In clinical studies, 1% of levetiracetam-treated adult patients, 2% of levetiracetam-treated pediatric patients 4 to 16 years of age, and 17% of levetiracetam-treated pediatric patients 1 month to <4 years of age experienced psychotic symptoms, compared to 0.2%, 2%, and 5% in the corresponding age groups treated with placebo. In a controlled study that assessed the neurocognitive and behavioral effects of levetiracetam in pediatric patients 4 to 16 years of age, 1.6% of levetiracetam-treated patients experienced paranoia, compared to 0% of placebo-treated patients.
In the same study, 3.1% of levetiracetam-treated patients experienced confusional state, compared to 0% of placebo-treated patients [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4)]. In clinical studies, two (0.3%) levetiracetam-treated adult patients were hospitalized and their treatment was discontinued due to psychosis. Both events, reported as psychosis, developed within the first week of treatment and resolved within 1 to 2 weeks following treatment discontinuation.
There was no difference between drug and placebo-treated patients in the incidence of the pediatric patients who discontinued treatment due to psychotic and non-psychotic adverse reactions.
5.2Suicidal Behavior and Ideation Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), including levetiracetam, increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior in patients taking these drugs for any indication. Patients treated with any AED for any indication should be monitored for the emergence or worsening of depression, suicidal thoughts or behavior, and/or any unusual changes in mood or behavior. Pooled analyses of 199 placebo-controlled clinical trials (mono- and adjunctive therapy) of 11 different AEDs showed that patients randomized to one of the AEDs had approximately twice the risk (adjusted Relative Risk 1.8, 95% CI:1.2, 2.7) of suicidal thinking or behavior compared to patients randomized to placebo.
In these trials, which had a median treatment duration of 12 weeks, the estimated incidence rate of suicidal behavior or ideation among 27,863 AED-treated patients was 0.43%, compared to 0.24% amon…
🤒 Adverse Reactions ▾
The following adverse reactions are discussed in more details in other sections of labeling: • Psychiatric Symptoms [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] • Suicidal Behavior and Ideation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] • Somnolence and Fatigue [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] • Anaphylaxis and Angioedema [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] • Serious Dermatological Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] • Coordination Difficulties [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] • Hematologic Abnormalities [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)] • Increase in Blood Pressure [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)]
6.1Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Partial Onset Seizures Adults In controlled clinical studies in adults with partial onset seizures, the most common adverse reactions in patients receiving levetiracetam in combination with other AEDs, for events with rates greater than placebo, were somnolence, asthenia, infection, and dizziness.
Of the most common adverse reactions in adults experiencing partial onset seizures, asthenia, somnolence, and dizziness occurred predominantly during the first 4 weeks of treatment with levetiracetam. Table 3 lists adverse reactions that occurred in at least 1% of adult epilepsy patients receiving levetiracetam in placebo-controlled studies and were numerically more common than in patients treated with placebo. In these studies, either levetiracetam or placebo was added to concurrent AED therapy.
Table 3: Adverse Reactions in Pooled Placebo-Controlled, Add-On Studies in Adults Experiencing Partial Onset Seizures Levetiracetam(N=769) % Placebo(N=439) % Asthenia 15 9 Somnolence 15 8 Headache 14 13 Infection 13 8 Dizziness 9 4 Pain 7 6 Pharyngitis 6 4 Depression 4 2 Nervousness 4 2 Rhinitis 4 3 Anorexia 3 2 Ataxia 3 1 Vertigo 3 1 Amnesia 2 1 Anxiety 2 1 Cough Increased 2 1 Diplopia 2 1 Emotional Lability 2 0 Hostility 2 1 Paresthesia 2 1 Sinusitis 2 1 In controlled adult clinical studies, 15% of patients receiving levetiracetam and 12% receiving placebo either discontinued or had a dose reduction as a result of an adverse reaction.
Table 4 lists the most common (>1%) adverse reactions that resulted in discontinuation or dose reduction and that occurred more frequently in levetiracetam-treated patients than in placebo-treated patients. Table 4: Adverse Reactions that Resulted in Discontinuation or Dose Reduction in Placebo-Controlled Studies in Adult Patients Experiencing Partial Onset Seizures AdverseReaction Levetiracetam(N=769) % Placebo (N=439) % Somnolence 4 2 Dizziness 1 0 Pediatric Patients 4 Years to <16 Years The adverse reaction data presented below was obtained from a pooled analysis of two controlled pediatric clinical studies in pediatric patients 4 to 16 years of age with partial onset seizures.
The most common adverse reactions in pediatric patients receiving levetiracetam in combination with other AEDs, for events with rates greater than placebo, were fatigue, aggression, nasal congestion, decreased appetite, and irritability. Table 5 lists adverse reactions from the pooled pediatric controlled studies (4 to 16 years of age) that occurred in at least 2% of pediatric levetiracetam-treated patients and were numerically more common than in pediatric patients treated with placebo. In these studies, either levetiracetam or placebo was added to concurrent AED therapy.
Table 5: Adverse Reactions in Pooled Placebo-Controlled, Add-On Studies in Pediatric Patients Ages 4 to 16 Years Experiencing Partial Onset Seizures Levetiracetam(N=165) % Placebo(N=131) % Headache 19 15 Nasopharyngitis 15 12 Vomiting 15 12 Somnolence 13 9 Fatigue 11 5 Aggression 10 5 Cough 9 5 Nasal Congestion 9 2 Upper Abdominal Pain 9 8 Decreased Appetite 8 2 Abnor…
👥 Use in Specific Populations ▾
8.1Pregnancy: Teratogenic Effects: Levetiracetam blood levels may decrease during pregnancy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10)]. Pregnancy Category C There are no adequate and controlled studies in pregnant women. In animal studies, levetiracetam produced evidence of developmental toxicity, including teratogenic effects, at doses similar to or greater than human therapeutic doses.
Levetiracetam should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Oral administration of levetiracetam to female rats throughout pregnancy and lactation led to increased incidences of minor fetal skeletal abnormalities and retarded offspring growth pre- and/or postnatally at doses ≥350 mg/kg/day (equivalent to the maximum recommended human dose of 3,000 mg [MRHD] on a mg/m2 basis) and with increased pup mortality and offspring behavioral alterations at a dose of 1,800 mg/kg/day (6 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis).
The developmental no effect dose was 70 mg/kg/day (0.2 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis). There was no overt maternal toxicity at the doses used in this study. Oral administration of levetiracetam to pregnant rabbits during the period of organogenesis resulted in increased embryofetal mortality and increased incidences of minor fetal skeletal abnormalities at doses ≥600 mg/kg/day (4 times MRHD on a mg/m2 basis) and in decreased fetal weights and increased incidences of fetal malformations at a dose of 1,800 mg/kg/day (12 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis).
The developmental no effect dose was 200 mg/kg/day (equivalent to the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis). Maternal toxicity was also observed at 1,800 mg/kg/day. When levetiracetam was administered orally to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis, fetal weights were decreased and the incidence of fetal skeletal variations was increased at a dose of 3,600 mg/kg/day (12 times the MRHD).
1,200 mg/kg/day (4 times the MRHD) was a developmental no effect dose. There was no evidence of maternal toxicity in this study. Treatment of rats with levetiracetam during the last third of gestation and throughout lactation produced no adverse developmental or maternal effects at doses of up to 1,800 mg/kg/day (6 times the MRHD on a mg/m2 basis).
Pregnancy Registry To provide information regarding the effects of in utero exposure to levetiracetam, physicians are advised to recommend that pregnant patients taking levetiracetam enroll in the North American Antiepileptic Drug (NAAED) pregnancy registry. This can be done by calling the toll free number 1-888-233-2334, and must be done by the patients themselves. Information on the registry can also be found at the website http://www.aedpregnancyregistry.org/.
8.2Labor & Delivery The effect of levetiracetam on labor and delivery in humans is unknown.
8.3Nursing Mothers Levetiracetam is excreted in human milk. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from levetiracetam, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
8.4Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of levetiracetam in the adjunctive treatment of partial onset seizures in pediatric patients age 1 month to 16 years old with epilepsy have been established [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. The dosing recommendation in these pediatric patients varies according to age group and is weight-based [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)]. The safety and effectiveness of levetiracetam as adjunctive treatment of myoclonic seizures in adolescents 12 years of age and older with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy have been established [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].
The safety and effectiveness of levetiracetam as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of primary generalized tonicclonic seizures in pediatric patients 6 years of age and older with idiopathic generalized epilepsy have been established [see Clinical Studies (14.3)]. A 3-month, randomiz…
🆘 Overdosage ▾
10.1Signs, Symptoms and Laboratory Findings of Acute Overdosage in Humans The highest known dose of levetiracetam received in the clinical development program was 6,000 mg/day. Other than drowsiness, there were no adverse reactions in the few known cases of overdose in clinical trials. Cases of somnolence, agitation, aggression, depressed level of consciousness, respiratory depression and coma were observed with levetiracetam overdoses in postmarketing use.
10.2Management of Overdose There is no specific antidote for overdose with levetiracetam. If indicated, elimination of unabsorbed drug should be attempted by emesis or gastric lavage; usual precautions should be observed to maintain airway. General supportive care of the patient is indicated including monitoring of vital signs and observation of the patient' s clinical status.
A Certified Poison Control Center should be contacted for up to date information on the management of overdose with levetiracetam.
10.3Hemodialysis Standard hemodialysis procedures result in significant clearance of levetiracetam (approximately 50% in 4 hours) and should be considered in cases of overdose. Although hemodialysis has not been performed in the few known cases of overdose, it may be indicated by the patient's clinical state or in patients with significant renal impairment.
🧬 Clinical Pharmacology ▾
12.1Mechanism of Action The precise mechanism(s) by which levetiracetam exerts its antiepileptic effect is unknown. The antiepileptic activity of levetiracetam was assessed in a number of animal models of epileptic seizures. Levetiracetam did not inhibit single seizures induced by maximal stimulation with electrical current or different chemoconvulsants and showed only minimal activity in submaximal stimulation and in threshold tests.
Protection was observed, however, against secondarily generalized activity from focal seizures induced by pilocarpine and kainic acid, two chemoconvulsants that induce seizures that mimic some features of human complex partial seizures with secondary generalization. Levetiracetam also displayed inhibitory properties in the kindling model in rats, another model of human complex partial seizures, both during kindling development and in the fully kindled state. The predictive value of these animal models for specific types of human epilepsy is uncertain.
In vitro and in vivo recordings of epileptiform activity from the hippocampus have shown that levetiracetam inhibits burst firing without affecting normal neuronal excitability, suggesting that levetiracetam may selectively prevent hypersynchronization of epileptiform burst firing and propagation of seizure activity. Levetiracetam at concentrations of up to 10 μM did not demonstrate binding affinity for a variety of known receptors, such as those associated with benzodiazepines, GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), glycine, NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate), re-uptake sites, and second messenger systems.
Furthermore, in vitro studies have failed to find an effect of levetiracetam on neuronal voltage-gated sodium or T-type calcium currents and levetiracetam does not appear to directly facilitate GABAergic neurotransmission. However, in vitro studies have demonstrated that levetiracetam opposes the activity of negative modulators of GABA- and glycine-gated currents and partially inhibits N-type calcium currents in neuronal cells. A saturable and stereoselective neuronal binding site in rat brain tissue has been described for levetiracetam.
Experimental data indicate that this binding site is the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, thought to be involved in the regulation of vesicle exocytosis. Although the molecular significance of levetiracetam binding to SV2A is not understood, levetiracetam and related analogs showed a rank order of affinity for SV2A which correlated with the potency of their antiseizure activity in audiogenic seizure-prone mice. These findings suggest that the interaction of levetiracetam with the SV2A protein may contribute to the antiepileptic mechanism of action of the drug.
12.2Pharmacodynamics Effects on QTc Interval The effect of levetiracetam on QTc prolongation was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, positive-controlled (moxifloxacin 400 mg) and placebo-controlled crossover study of levetiracetam (1,000 mg or 5,000 mg) in 52 healthy subjects. The upper bound of the 90% confidence interval for the largest placebo-adjusted, baseline-corrected QTc was below 10 milliseconds. Therefore, there was no evidence of significant QTc prolongation in this study.
12.3Pharmacokinetics Absorption and Distribution Absorption of levetiracetam is rapid, with peak plasma concentrations occurring in about an hour following oral administration in fasted subjects. The oral bioavailability of levetiracetam tablets is 100% and the tablets or oral solution are bioequivalent in rate and extent of absorption. Food does not affect the extent of absorption of levetiracetam but it decreases Cmax by 20% and delays Tmax by 1.5 hours.
The pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam are linear over the dose range of 500 to 5,000 mg. Steady state is achieved after 2 days of multiple twice-daily dosing. Levetiracetam and its major metabolite are less than 10% bound to plasma proteins; clinically significant interactions with other drugs through competition for protein binding…
📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling ▾
16.1How Supplied Levetiracetam tablets USP, 250 mg are blue coloured, oblong shaped, scored, film coated tablets debossed with 'H' on one side and '87' on other side. They are supplied in containers of Levetiracetam tablets USP, 500 mg are yellow coloured, oblong shaped, scored, film coated tablets debossed with 'H' on one side and '88' on other side. They are supplied in containers of Levetiracetam tablets USP, 750 mg are orange coloured, oblong shaped, scored, film coated tablets debossed with 'H' on one side and '90' on other side.
They are supplied in containers of Levetiracetam tablets USP, 1000 mg are white coloured, oblong shaped, scored, film coated tablets debossed with 'H' on one side and '91' on other side. They are supplied in containers of
16.2Storage Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container.
📋 Description ▾
Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic drug available as 250 mg (blue), 500 mg (yellow), 750 mg (orange), and 1000 mg (white) tablets for oral administration. The chemical name of levetiracetam USP, a single enantiomer, is (-)-(S)-α-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide, its molecular formula is C8H14N2O2 and its molecular weight is 170.21. Levetiracetam USP is chemically unrelated to existing antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).
It has the following structural formula: Levetiracetam USP is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a faint odor and a bitter taste. It is very soluble in water (1040 mg/mL). It is freely soluble in chloroform (653 mg/mL) and in methanol (536 mg/mL), soluble in ethanol (165 mg/mL), sparingly soluble in acetonitrile (57 mg/mL) and practically insoluble in n-hexane.
(Solubility limits are expressed as mg/mL solvent.) Levetiracetam tablets, USP contain the labeled amount of levetiracetam USP. Inactive ingredients: corn starch, croscarmellose sodium, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, povidone, talc and additional agents listed below: 250 mg tablets: opadry II blue (FD&C blue #2/indigo carmine aluminum lake, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol 3350, titanium dioxide, talc) 500 mg tablets: opadry II yellow (iron oxide yellow, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol 3350, titanium dioxide, talc) 750 mg tablets: opadry II orange (FD&C yellow # 6/sunset yellow FCF aluminum lake, iron oxide red, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol 3350, titanium dioxide, talc) 1000 mg tablets: opadry II white (polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol 3350, titanium dioxide, talc) USP Dissolution test is 4.
💬 Medication Guide ▾
MEDICATION GUIDE LEVETIRACETAM (lee-vah-tih-RACE-ah-tam) Tablets, USP Read this Medication Guide before you start taking levetiracetam and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This information does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or treatment.
What is the most important information I should know about levetiracetam? Like other antiepileptic drugs, levetiracetam may cause suicidal thoughts or actions in a very small number of people, about 1 in 500 people taking it. Call a healthcare provider right away if you have any of these symptoms, especially if they are new, worse, or worry you: • thoughts about suicide or dying • attempts to commit suicide • new or worse depression • new or worse anxiety • feeling agitated or restless • panic attacks • trouble sleeping (insomnia) • new or worse irritability • acting aggressive, being angry, or violent • acting on dangerous impulses • an extreme increase in activity and talking (mania) • other unusual changes in behavior or mood Do not stop levetiracetam without first talking to a healthcare provider. • Stopping levetiracetam suddenly can cause serious problems.
Stopping a seizure medicine suddenly can cause seizures that will not stop (status epilepticus). • Suicidal thoughts or actions can be caused by things other than medicines. If you have suicidal thoughts or actions, your healthcare provider may check for other causes. How can I watch for early symptoms of suicidal thoughts and actions? • Pay attention to any changes, especially sudden changes, in mood, behaviors, thoughts, or feelings. • Keep all follow-up visits with your healthcare provider as scheduled. • Call your healthcare provider between visits as needed, especially if you are worried about symptoms.
What is levetiracetam tablet? Levetiracetam tablet is a prescription medicine taken by mouth that is used with other medicines to treat: • partial onset seizures in people 1 month of age and older with epilepsy • myoclonic seizures in people 12 years of age and older with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy • primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in people 6 years of age and older with certain types of generalized epilepsy. It is not known if levetiracetam is safe or effective in children under 1 month of age.
Before taking your medicine, make sure you have received the correct medicine. Compare the name above with the name on your bottle and the appearance of your medicine with the description of levetiracetam tablet provided below. Tell your pharmacist immediately if you think you have been given the wrong medicine.
Levetiracetam tablets USP, 250 mg are blue coloured, oblong shaped, scored, film coated tablets debossed with 'H' on one side and '87' on other side. Levetiracetam tablets USP, 500 mg are yellow coloured, oblong shaped, scored, film coated tablets debossed with 'H' on one side and '88' on other side. Levetiracetam tablets USP, 750 mg are orange coloured, oblong shaped, scored, film coated tablets debossed with 'H' on one side and '90' on other side.
Levetiracetam tablets USP, 1000 mg are white coloured, oblong shaped, scored, film coated tablets debossed with 'H' on one side and '91' on other side. Who should not take levetiracetam? Do not take levetiracetam tablet if you are allergic to levetiracetam.
What should I tell my healthcare provider before starting levetiracetam? Before taking levetiracetam, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you: • have or have had depression, mood problems or suicidal thoughts or behavior • have kidney problems • are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. It is not known if levetiracetam will harm your unborn baby.
You and your healthcare provider will have to decide if you should take levetiracetam while you are pregnant. If you become pregnant while taking levetiracetam, talk to your healthcare provider about registering with the North American Antiepileptic Drug…