NDC 72189-0521-30 — Tramadol HCL ER 300 mg, 30-count

🆔 Identity & classification

FDA NDC (as labeled) 72189-521-30

Product NDC 72189-521

11-digit billing NDC 72189052130

NCPDP billing unit EA — each (per item)

RxCUI 833713

UNII 9N7R477WCK

Application # ANDA200503

SPL Set ID 09a7af47-423a-1e8b-e063-6394a90a99ef

Established class (EPC) Opioid Agonist

Mechanism of action Full Opioid Agonists

DEA schedule CIV

Marketing category ANDA

Marketing status On market

FDA listing status Listed (active directory)

Marketing start 2023-11-08

Route ORAL

Dosage form TABLET, EXTENDED RELEASE

Substance TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE

GCN Seq No 043537

GCN 50427

HICL code 008317

Ingredient (HICL) Tramadol Hcl

HIC1 code H

Therapeutic class — broad (HIC1) Nervous System (Except Autonomic)

HIC2 code H3

Therapeutic class — intermediate (HIC2) Analgesics

HIC3 code H3A

Therapeutic class — specific (HIC3) Opioid Analgesics

AHFS code 28:08.08.00

AHFS class Opioid Agonists (28:08)

FDB label name TRAMADOL HCL ER 300 MG TABLET

FDB brand name Tramadol Hcl Er

Legend status F — Federal legend — prescription drug or device

TE code (Orange Book) AB1 · RLD · RS

Why two NDCs? The FDA registers this code as 72189-521-30 — a 5-3-2 layout, and that's what's printed on the package and shown on DailyMed. For insurance claims, every NDC is standardized to a uniform 11-digit 5-4-2 format by adding a zero to the product segment → 72189-0521-30. Same drug, same package — only the format differs.

Where does this data come from?

Identifiers from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Structured Product Labeling; RxCUI from RxNorm (NLM); GPI from Medi-Span; GCN / HIC / AHFS / legend from First Databank.

🏷️ RxNorm drug class

This medicine belongs to the Opioid Agonist class.

Pharmacologic class Opioid Agonist

Drug family (ATC) Other opioids

How it works Full Opioid Agonists

Where does this data come from?

Therapeutic classes from RxNorm RxClass (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Established Pharmacologic Class (FDA), ATC drug family (WHO) and mechanism of action, matched by this product’s RxCUI.

🏭 Manufacturer & labeler

LabelerDirect_Rx

Application holderLUPIN LTD

FDA applicationANDA200503 (ANDA)

Labeler code72189

First marketedNov 2023

DEA scheduleCIV

Product typeHuman Prescription Drug

Portfolio351 products on file

🔎 All NDCs from Direct_Rx

The labeler markets the product; the application holder owns the FDA approval. They’re often the same company but can differ (e.g. a repackager or an authorized generic). A mailing address / phone appears here when the manufacturer includes it in the product’s FDA label (not all do).

Where does this data come from?

Labeler, application holder and registered establishment from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Drugs@FDA; address/contact from the product’s FDA label.

🩺 Clinical

Label name TRAMADOL HCL ER 300 MG TABLET Ingredient Tramadol Hcl

📗 Our plain-language guide HelloPharmacist

Yes — tramadol is a real opioid, though it works a little differently from something like morphine or oxycodone. It's prescribed for adults with pain that's severe enough that regu...
What is tramadol actually used for? Is it a real opioid?
Swallow it whole, once a day, at roughly the same time every day. This part is really important: never chew, crush, split, or dissolve the tablet — the extended-release design slow...
How do I take the extended-release tablet correctly?

📖 Read our full Tramadol guide →

Patient education

📘 MedlinePlus patient leaflet ↗

Supplement & herbal interactions

🌿 Drug–supplement interaction checker →

Where does this data come from?

Plain-language summary from MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine); supplement & herbal interactions and nutrient depletion data from the Natural Medicines database; our full guide is HelloPharmacist editorial content.

💊 What it looks like

Color white

ShapeRound

ImprintL012

Size1 mm

ScoringNot scored

One label can cover several strengths, so colors may be combined — always confirm a loose pill against the dispensed prescription label or a pharmacist.

Where does this data come from?

Physical description (imprint, shape, color, scoring, coating) from this product’s FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL), mirrored from DailyMed / openFDA.

🧪 Inactive Ingredients / Excipients

Inactive ingredients, also called excipients, are components of the drug product other than the active ingredient. They may include fillers, dyes, coatings, preservatives, flavors, or other formulation ingredients.

Loading inactive ingredients from the official FDA label in the background. No external source is being called by this page request.

Where does this data come from?

Source: official FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL) via DailyMed and the openFDA label index. Structured IACT rows and label-wide narrative are kept separate; availability and product-level specificity depend on the submitted label.

Inactive ingredient FAQ

Are inactive ingredients the same for every manufacturer?

No. Inactive ingredients can differ by manufacturer, dosage form, strength, and package / product version.

Why might an inactive ingredient be missing?

Some SPLs do not provide a complete structured inactive-ingredient list, and older or unusual labels may only include the information in narrative text.

Can inactive ingredients matter?

Yes. They can matter for allergies, intolerances, dyes, gluten / lactose concerns, preservatives, and formulation differences — but confirm with a pharmacist or the manufacturer when it’s clinically important.

💲 Pricing

A drug doesn't have one price. Each row is a different public payment system, and none is what you'd pay at the counter — that depends on your insurance. The ⓘ on each row explains what it measures.

Price system	Per each	Per package
Retail pharmacies payNADAC · weekly	Not in the retail survey — common for institutional, discontinued, or low-volume packs.
Medicaid paysCMS SDUD · 12 mo	No recent Medicaid claims on file for this NDC — rare and low-volume NDCs are suppressed in the public data.
Medicare drug plans payPart D · Q2 2026	$1.97	$59.02 / 30 tablets

Where does this data come from?

NADAC (National Average Drug Acquisition Cost) is the CMS weekly pharmacy-acquisition-cost survey — what pharmacies pay. ASP (Average Sales Price) is the CMS Medicare Part B drug-payment file, published quarterly. Medicaid pays is computed by us from CMS State Drug Utilization Data (total reimbursed ÷ units, trailing 12 months) — gross of rebates and inclusive of dispensing fees, so it reflects what Medicaid paid, not an acquisition cost. Medicare drug plans pay is the median negotiated point-of-sale unit cost across plans listing this NDC in the CMS quarterly Prescription Drug Plan pricing files, before rebates. The VA pays is the federal contract price (FSS, and the statutory Big 4 ceiling where listed) from the VA National Acquisition Center pharmaceutical price file. All are free public government data; each measures a different payer, so the figures are not directly comparable.

🔁 Therapeutic equivalents

Product	Labeler	Pack	NADAC/unit	TE	Status	Price vs. this
Tramadol Hydrochloride 300 mg 33342-0271-07	Macleods	30 tablets	$2.015	AB1	Availability likely	—
Tramadol Hydrochloride 300 mg 45865-0184-30	Medsource	30 tablets	—	AB1	FDA listed	—
Tramadol Hydrochloride 300 mg 47335-0861-08	Sun	100 tablets	—	—	FDA listed	—
Tramadol Hydrochloride 300 mg 63629-8324-01	Bryant	30 tablets	—	—	FDA listed	—
Tramadol Hydrochloride 300 mg 68071-5078-03	NuCare	30 tablets	—	AB1	FDA listed	—
Tramadol Hydrochloride 300 mg 68180-0699-01	Lupin	100 tablets	—	AB1	FDA listed	—
Tramadol Hydrochloride 300 mg 70518-2795-00	REMEDYREPACK	30 tablets	—	AB1	FDA listed	—
Tramadol Hydrochloride 300 mg 71205-0569-30	Proficient	30 tablets	—	AB1	FDA listed	—
Tramadol Hydrochloride 300 mg 71205-0656-30	Proficient	30 tablets	—	—	FDA listed	—
Tramadol Hydrochloride 300 mg 71335-9670-01	Bryant	30 tablets	—	AB1	FDA listed	—
Tramadol HCL ER 300 mgthis 72189-0521-30	Direct_Rx	30 tablets	—	AB1	FDA listed	—
Tramadol Hydrochloride 300 mg 76420-0246-30	Asclemed	30 tablets	—	—	FDA listed	—
Tramadol Hydrochloride 300 mg 76420-0538-30	Asclemed	30 tablets	—	AB1	FDA listed	—
Tramadol HCL ER 300 mg 80425-0312-01	Advanced	30 tablets	—	AB1	FDA listed	—

About this product: this is a generic version of the medicine. FDA equivalence ratings are shown when available, and other versions are listed above, least expensive first.

Where does this data come from?

Equivalents are other NDCs of the same ingredient, form and route from the openFDA NDC Directory, ranked least-expensive-first by NADAC. Therapeutic-equivalence (AB) ratings come from the FDA Orange Book; biologics use the FDA Purple Book for biosimilar & interchangeable status.

⏳ Availability & generic status

🏛️

2023

On the market since

Nov 2023

📍

2026

Currently FDA-listed

3 years listed

🔓

·

Generic on the market

this product is a generic

✅This is a generic drug

This product is an FDA-approved generic. Other versions of the same drug are listed under Therapeutic equivalents, least expensive first.

Where does this data come from?

Patents and exclusivity from the FDA Orange Book (small-molecule drugs), refreshed from public FDA data. Generic launch timing is an estimate, not a guarantee.

📊 Medicare Part D spend CMS · PART D · 2026 (Q1)

Medicare Part D (outpatient prescription) spending for Tramadol HCl ER — the program that covers self-administered drugs. 4 manufacturers.

⚠️ Drug-level data: CMS publishes Part D spending by drug, not by NDC — these figures combine every manufacturer, strength and package size sold under the name Tramadol HCl ER. That’s a different level of aggregation than the Medicaid card above, which is specific to this exact 11-digit NDC (pack size included), so the two aren’t directly comparable.

Period

Total Part D spend

$3.59M

Claims incl. refills

48.5K

Beneficiaries

22.8K

Spend / beneficiary

$157.63

Spend / claim

$74.00

Trend by period

💵 About the dollar figures: spending is what Part D plans paid before confidential manufacturer rebates, so the program’s real net cost is lower. A blank patient count means fewer than 11 people — CMS hides counts that small to protect privacy. Source: CMS Medicare Quarterly Part D Spending by Drug (data.cms.gov), updated quarterly.

🛡

This drug has a REMS. A Risk Evaluation & Mitigation Strategy is an FDA-required safety program. It may require enrollment, counseling, or monitoring to manage a serious risk. See the boxed warning & full label below, and REMS@FDA ↗.

📦 Packaging — all sizes for this product

Package NDC	Description	Marketing start	Status
72189-0521-30 You're viewing this	30 TABLET, EXTENDED RELEASE in 1 BOTTLE (72189-521-30)	2023-11-08	Active

🧭 About this NDC listing & data coverage

Finished prescription product

What data is (and isn’t) available for this NDC — tap to expand

NDC identity (package / product / labeler codes)	✓ Available
Labeler	✓ Available
Product & package description	✓ Available
Marketing category & status	✓ Available
Active ingredient / dosage form / route	✓ Available
FDA label (SPL via DailyMed)	✓ Available
Package photos	— Not published for this NDC No photo available yet for this listing.
Inactive ingredients (structured)	— Not published for this NDC The labeler did not submit a structured excipient list, or no SPL is available.
NADAC pharmacy acquisition price (CMS)	— Not published for this NDC CMS publishes NADAC only for NDCs reported in its retail-pharmacy survey.
Orange Book / therapeutic-equivalence data	✓ Available
HCPCS J-code billing crosswalk	— Not published for this NDC Most self-administered / retail products have no J-code — that is normal.
Medicaid utilization (CMS SDUD)	— Not published for this NDC CMS reports utilization only for NDCs with Medicaid claims above its privacy threshold.

“Not published” reflects what the public FDA / CMS / NLM sources provide for this exact package code — it is a property of the data feeds, not a judgment about the product.

Questions about this listing

Why is there no price listed?

The pricing shown on our NDC pages comes from CMS NADAC, a voluntary survey of retail community pharmacy invoices. CMS does not publish a NADAC for every NDC — packages outside the retail survey (institutional and hospital products, bulk packages, discontinued items, and many OTC items) may never receive one. A missing price reflects the survey's scope, not this product's actual cost, and does not mean the product is free or unavailable.

Is the NDC printed on the package the same as the 11-digit billing NDC?

Yes, they identify this exact package in different formats. The FDA registers it as 72189-521-30, which is what is printed on the packaging and shown on DailyMed. Insurance claims use a fixed 11-digit 5-4-2 format, so the short segment is padded with a leading zero: 72189-0521-30, written without dashes as 72189052130. The Identity section at the top of this page lists every form of this code.

What do the three segments of this NDC mean?

In 72189-0521-30, the first segment (72189) is the labeler code FDA assigned to Direct_Rx; the middle segment (0521) identifies this specific product — its ingredient, strength, and dosage form; and the last segment (30) identifies this exact package size and type. Together they name one specific package of one specific product.

Is this package still being marketed?

Yes, per the latest FDA NDC Directory data on this page: this package is listed as actively marketed, with no marketing end date reported by Direct_Rx. Listing status can change — the directory data on this page refreshes weekly.

Who lists this product with the FDA?

Direct_Rx is the labeler of record for this NDC — the company under whose FDA-assigned code the package is listed. The labeler may be the manufacturer itself or a distributor marketing the product under its own code.

Do I need a prescription for this product?

This NDC is listed with FDA as a prescription product, so it is dispensed under a prescriber's order. Your pharmacist can tell you whether any over-the-counter forms of the same medication exist.

This page identifies an FDA-listed package (the NDC) and reports public regulatory and pricing data about the listing. It is reference information, not a medical recommendation — talk to your pharmacist or prescriber about your own medication.

Where does this data come from?

Listing facts (marketing category, packager status, marketing dates) from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory; label availability from DailyMed; pricing coverage from CMS NADAC; equivalence scope from the FDA Orange Book.

📄 Full prescribing information FDA SPL

The complete FDA label for this product — the official prescribing information, verbatim, section by section. Jump with a chip, search within the label, or expand everything.

🚨 Boxed Warning 🎯 Indications and Usage ⏱️ Dosage and Administration 💊 Dosage Forms and Strengths ⛔ Contraindications ⚠️ Warnings and Cautions 🤒 Adverse Reactions 🔄 Drug Interactions 👥 Use in Specific Populations 🆘 Overdosage 🧬 Clinical Pharmacology 📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling 📦 Storage and Handling 📋 Description 💬 Medication Guide

🚨 Boxed Warning ~2 min read ▾

WARNING ADDICTION, ABUSE, AND MISUSE; RISK EVALUATION AND MITIGATION STRATEGY (REMS); LIFE-THREATENING RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION; ACCIDENTAL INGESTION; ULTRA-RAPID METABOLISM OF TRAMADOL AND OTHER RISK FACTORS FOR LIFE-THREATENING RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION IN CHILDREN; NEONATAL OPIOID WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME; INTERACTIONS WITH DRUGS AFFECTING CYTOCHROME P450 ISOENZYMES; AND RISKS FROM CONCOMITANT USE WITH BENZODIAZEPINES OR OTHER CNS DEPRESSENTS Addiction, Abuse, and Misuse Because the use of Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet exposes patients and other users to the risks of opioid addiction, abuse, and misuse, which can lead to overdose and death, assess each patient's risk prior to prescribing and reassess all patients regularly for the development of these behaviors and conditions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

Life-Threatening Respiratory Depression Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur with use of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, especially during initiation or following a dose increase. To reduce the risk of respiratory depression, proper dosing and titration of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets are essential. [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Accidental Ingestion Accidental ingestion of even one dose of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, especially by children, can result in a fatal overdose of tramadol [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

Risks From Concomitant Use With Benzodiazepines Or Other CNS Depressants Concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or other central nervous system (CNS) depressants, including alcohol, may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death. Reserve concomitant prescribing of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets and benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants for use in patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3), Drug Interactions (7)].

Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome If opioid use is required for an extended period of time in a pregnant woman, advise the patient of the risk of NOWS, which may be life-threatening if not recognized and treated. Ensure that management by neonatology experts will be available at delivery[see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]. Opioid Analgesic Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) Healthcare providers are strongly encouraged to complete a REMS compliant education program and to counsel patients and caregivers on serious risks, safe use, and the importance of reading the Medication Guide with each prescription [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)].

Under the requirements of the REMS, drug companies with approved opioid analgesic products must make REMS-compliant education programs available to healthcare providers. Healthcare providers are strongly encouraged Ultra-Rapid Metabolism Of Tramadol And Other Risk Factors For Life-Threatening Respiratory Depression In Children Life-threatening respiratory depression and death have occurred in children who received tramadol. Some of the reported cases followed tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy; in at least one case, the child had evidence of being an ultra-rapid metabolizer of tramadol due to a CYP2D6 polymorphism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)].

Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets are contraindicated in children younger than 12 years of age and in children younger than 18 years of age following tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy [see Contraindications (4)]. Avoid the use of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets in adolescents 12 to 18 years of age who have other risk factors that may increase their sensitivity to the respiratory depressant effects of tramadol. [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] Interactions with Drugs Affecting Cytochrome P450 Isoenzymes The effects of concomitant use or discontinuation of cytochrome P450 3A4 inducers, 3A4 inhibitors, or 2D6 inhibitors with tramadol are complex.

Use…

🎯 Indications and Usage 121 words ▾

Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet is indicated for the management of severe and persistent pain that requires an extended treatment period with a daily opioid analgesic and for which alternative treatment options are inadequate. Limitations of Use Because of the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse with opioids, which can occur at any dosages or duration, and because of the greater risks of overdose and death with extended-release opioid formulations [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)], reserve tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets for use in patients for whom alternative treatment options (e.g., non-opioid analgesics or immediate-release opioids) are ineffective, not tolerated, or would be otherwise inadequate to provide sufficient management of pain.

Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets is not indicated as an as-needed (prn) analgesic.

⏱️ Dosage and Administration ~3 min read ▾

2.1Important Dosage and Administration Instructions Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets should be prescribed only by healthcare professionals who are knowledgeable about the use of extended-release/long-acting opioids and how to mitigate the associated risks. Do not use tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets concomitantly with other tramadol products [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3), (5.15)]. Do not administer tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets at a dose exceeding 300 mg per day.

Use the lowest effective dosage for the shortest duration of time consistent with individual patient treatment goals [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]. Because the risk of overdose increases as opioid doses increase, reserve titration to higher doses of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets for patients in whom lower doses are insufficiently effective and in whom the expected benefits of using a higher dose opioid clearly outweigh the substantial risks. Initiate the dosing regimen for each patient individually, taking into account the patient's underlying cause and severity of pain, prior analgesic treatment and response, and risk factors for addiction, abuse, and misuse [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] Respiratory depression can occur at any time during opioid therapy, especially when initiating and following dosage increases with tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets.

Consider this risk when selecting an initial dose and when making dose adjustments [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]. Instruct patients to swallow tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets whole [see Patient Counseling Information (17)], and to take it with liquid. Crushing, chewing, splitting, or dissolving tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets will result in uncontrolled delivery of tramadol and can lead to overdose or death [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets may be taken without regard to food, It is recommended that tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets be taken in a consistent manner [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

2.2Patient Access to Naloxone for the Emergency Treatment of Opioid Overdose Discuss the availability of naloxone for the emergency treatment of opioid overdose with the patient and caregiver and assess the potential need for access to naloxone, both when initiating and renewing treatment with tramadol hydrochloride extended release tablets [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3), Patient Counseling Information (17)]. Inform patients and caregivers about the various ways to obtain naloxone as permitted by individual state naloxone dispensing and prescribing requirements or guidelines (e.g., by prescription, directly from a pharmacist, or as part of a community-based program).

Consider prescribing naloxone, based on the patient's risk factors for overdose, such as concomitant use of CNS depressants, a history of opioid use disorder, or prior opioid overdose. The presence of risk factors for overdose should not prevent the proper management of pain in any given patient [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.3, 5.7)]. Consider prescribing naloxone if the patient has household members (including children) or other close contacts at risk for accidental ingestion or overdose.

2.3Initial Dosage Patients Not Currently on a Tramadol Product The initial dose of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets is 100 mg once daily. Patients Currently on Tramadol Immediate-Release (IR) Products Calculate the 24-hour tramadol IR dose and initiate a total daily dose of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets rounded down to the next lower 100 mg increment. The dose may subsequently be individualized according to patient need.

Due to limitations in flexibility of dose selection with tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, some patients maintained on tramadol IR products may not be able to convert to tramadol hydrochloride ext…

💊 Dosage Forms and Strengths 77 words ▾

Extended-release tablets are available as: 100 mg tablets: White to off-white circular, biconvex, beveled edge coated tablets imprinted with 'L010' on one side and plain on the other side. 200 mg tablets: White to off-white circular, biconvex, beveled edge coated tablets imprinted with 'L011' on one side and plain on the other side. 300 mg tablets: White to off-white circular, biconvex, beveled edge coated tablets imprinted with 'L012' on one side and plain on the other side.

⛔ Contraindications 122 words ▾

Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets are contraindicated for: all children younger than 12 years of age [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] post-operative management in children younger than 18 years of age following tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] . Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets are also contraindicated in patients with: Significant respiratory depression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] Acute or severe bronchial asthma in an unmonitored setting or in the absence of resuscitative equipment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.12)] Known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction, including paralytic ileus [see Warnings and Precautions (5.15)] Hypersensitivity to tramadol (e.g., anaphylaxis) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.16), Adverse Reactions (6.2)] Concurrent use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or use within the last 14 days[see Drug Interactions (7)].

⚠️ Warnings and Cautions ~2 min read ▾

5.1Addiction, Abuse, and Misuse Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet contains tramadol, a Schedule IV controlled substance. As an opioid, tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet exposes users to the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse. Because extended-release products such as tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets deliver the opioid over an extended period of time, there is a greater risk for overdose and death due to the larger amount of tramadol present [see Drug Abuse and Dependence(9)].

Although the risk of addiction in any individual is unknown, it can occur in patients appropriately prescribed tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets. Addiction can occur at recommended dosages and if the drug is misused or abused. Assess each patient's risk for opioid addiction, abuse, or misuse prior to prescribing tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, and reassess all patients receiving tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets for the development of these behaviors and conditions.

Risks are increased in patients with a personal or family history of substance abuse (including drug or alcohol abuse or addiction) or mental illness (e.g., major depression). The potential for these risks should not, however, prevent the proper management of pain in any given patient. Patients at increased risk may be prescribed opioids such as tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, but use in such patients necessitates intensive counseling about the risks and proper use of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets along with frequent reevaluation for signs of addiction, abuse, and misuse.

Consider prescribing naloxone for the emergency treatment of opioid overdose [see Dosage and Administration (2.2), Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]. Abuse or misuse of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets by cutting, breaking, chewing, crushing, snorting, or injecting the dissolved product will result in the uncontrolled delivery of tramadol and can result in overdose and death [see Overdosage (10)]. Opioids are sought for non-medical use and are subject to diversion from legitimate prescribed use.

Consider these risks when prescribing or dispensing tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets. Strategies to reduce these risks include prescribing the drug in the smallest appropriate quantity and advising the patient on careful storage of the drug during the course of treatment and proper disposal of unused drug. Contact local state professional licensing board or state-controlled substances authority for information on how to prevent and detect abuse or diversion of this product.

5.2Life Threatening Respiratory Depression Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression has been reported with the use of opioids, even when used as recommended. Respiratory depression, if not immediately recognized and treated, may lead to respiratory arrest and death. Management of respiratory depression may include close observation, supportive measures, and use of opioid antagonists, depending on the patient's clinical status [see Overdosage (10)].

Carbon dioxide (CO2) retention from opioid-induced respiratory depression can exacerbate the sedating effects of opioids. While serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression can occur at any time during the use of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, the risk is greatest during the initiation of therapy or following a dosage increase of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets. To reduce the risk of respiratory depression, proper dosing and titration of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets are essential [see Dosage and Administration (2)].

Overestimating the tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets dosage when converting patients from another opioid product can result in a fatal overdose with the first dose. Accidental ingestion of even one dose of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, especi…

🤒 Adverse Reactions ~3 min read ▾

The following serious adverse reactions are described in greater detail, in other sections: Addiction, Abuse, and Misuse [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] Life-Threatening Respiratory Depression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Ultra-Rapid Metabolism of Tramadol and Other Risk Factors for Life-Threatening Respiratory Depression in Children [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] Interactions with Benzodiazepines and Other CNS Depressants [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] Serotonin Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)] Seizures [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10)] Suicide [see Warnings and Precautions (5.11)] Adrenal Insufficiency [see Warnings and Precautions (5.13)] Severe Hypotension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.14)] Gastrointestinal Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.16)] Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.17)] Withdrawal [see Warnings and Precautions (5.18)] Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia and Allodynia [See Warnings and Precautions (5.8)]

6.1Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet was administered to a total of 3108 patients during studies conducted in the U.S. These included four double-blind studies in patients with osteoarthritis and/or chronic low back pain and one open-label study in patients with chronic non-malignant pain.

A total of 901 patients were 65 years or older. The frequency of adverse reactions generally increased with doses from 100 mg to 400 mg in the two pooled, twelve-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies in patients with chronic non-malignant pain (see Table 1). The most common adverse reactions from Table 1 occurring in ≥10% and ≥2 x placebo rate of the patients treated with tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets are dizziness (not vertigo), nausea, constipation, headache, somnolence, flushing, pruritus, vomiting, insomnia, and dry mouth.

Table 1: Incidence (%) of patients with adverse reaction rates ≥ 5% from two 12-week placebo-controlled studies in patients with moderate to moderately severe chronic pain by dose (N=1811). MedDRA Preferred Term Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release Tablets Placebo 100 mg (N=403) n (%) 200 mg (N=400) n (%) 300 mg (N=400) n (%) 400 mg (N=202) n (%) (N=406) n (%) Dizziness (not vertigo) 64 (16) 81 (20) 90 (23) 57 (28) 28 (7) Nausea 61 (15) 90 (23) 102 (26) 53 (26) 32 (8) Constipation 49 (12) 68 (17) 85 (21) 60 (30) 17 (4) Headache 49 (12) 62 (16) 46 (12) 32 (16) 43 (11) Somnolence 33 (8) 45 (11) 29 (7) 41 (20) 7 (2) Flushing 31 (8) 40 (10) 35 (9) 32 (16) 18 (4) Pruritus 25 (6) 34 (9) 30 (8) 24 (12) 4 (1) Vomiting 20 (5) 29 (7) 34 (9) 19 (9) 11 ( 3) Insomnia 26 (7) 32 (8) 36 (9) 22 (11) 13 (3) Dry Mouth 20 (5) 29 (7) 39 (10) 18 (9) 6 (2) Diarrhea 15 (4) 27 (7) 37 (9) 10 (5) 17 (4) Asthenia 14 (4) 24 (6) 26 (7) 13 (6) 7 (2) Postural hypotension 7 (2) 17 (4) 8 (2) 11 (5) 9 (2) Sweating increased 6 (2) 8 (2) 15 (4) 13 (6) 1 (0) Anorexia 3 (1) 7 (2) 21 (5) 12 (6) 1 (0) Adverse reactions With Incidence Rates of 1.0% to <5.0% During Clinical Trials The following adverse reactions were reported from all the chronic pain studies (N=3108).

The lists below include adverse reactions not otherwise noted in Table 1. Eye disorders: vision blurred Gastrointestinal disorders: abdominal pain upper, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, sore throat General disorders: weakness, pain, feeling hot, influenza like illness, fall, rigors, lethargy, pyrexia, chest pain Infections and infestations: nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, sinusitis, influenza, gastroenteritis viral, urinary tract infection, bronchitis Investigations: blood c…

🔄 Drug Interactions ~2 min read ▾

Table 2 includes clinically significant drug interactions with tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets. Inhibitors of CYP2D6 Clinical Impact: The concomitant use of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets and CYP2D6 inhibitors may result in an increase in the plasma concentration of tramadol and a decrease in the plasma concentration of M1, particularly when an inhibitor is added after a stable dose of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets is achieved. Since M1 is a more potent µ-opioid agonist, decreased M1 exposure could result in decreased therapeutic effects, and may result in signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal in patients who had developed physical dependence to tramadol.

Increased tramadol exposure can result in increased or prolonged therapeutic effects and increased risk for serious adverse events including seizures and serotonin syndrome. After stopping a CYP2D6 inhibitor, as the effects of the inhibitor decline, the tramadol plasma concentration will decrease and the M1 plasma concentration will increase which could increase or prolong therapeutic effects but also increase adverse reactions related to opioid toxicity and may cause potentially fatal respiratory depression [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .

Intervention: If concomitant use of a CYP2D6 inhibitor is necessary, follow patients closely for adverse reactions including opioid withdrawal, seizures, and serotonin syndrome. If a CYP2D6 inhibitor is discontinued, consider lowering tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets dosage until stable drug effects are achieved. Evaluate patients at frequent intervals for adverse events including respiratory depression and sedation.

Examples Quinidine, fluoxetine, paroxetine and bupropion Inhibitors of CYP3A4 Clinical Impact: The concomitant use of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets and CYP3A4 inhibitors can increase the plasma concentration of tramadol and may result in a greater amount of metabolism via CYP2D6 and greater levels of M1. Follow patients closely for increased risk of serious adverse events including seizures and serotonin syndrome, and adverse reactions related to opioid toxicity including potentially fatal respiratory depression, particularly when an inhibitor is added after a stable dose of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets is achieved.

After stopping a CYP3A4 inhibitor, as the effects of the inhibitor decline, the tramadol plasma concentration will decrease [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] , resulting in decreased opioid efficacy and possibly signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal in patients who had developed physical dependence to tramadol. Intervention: If concomitant use is necessary, consider dosage reduction of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets until stable drug effects are achieved. Inform patients and caregivers of this potential interaction, educate them on the signs and symptoms of seizures, serotonin syndrome, and signs of respiratory depression and sedation.

If a CYP3A4 inhibitor is discontinued, consider increasing the tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets dosage until stable drug effects are achieved and evaluate patients at frequent intervals for signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal. Examples Macrolide antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin), azole-antifungal agents (e.g. ketoconazole), protease inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir) CYP3A4 Inducers Clinical Impact: The concomitant use of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets and CYP3A4 inducers can decrease the plasma concentration of tramadol [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] , resulting in decreased efficacy or onset of a withdrawal syndrome in patients who have developed physical dependence to tramadol, [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)] .

After stopping a CYP3A4 inducer, as the effects of the inducer decline, the tramadol plasma concentration will increase [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] , which could increase or prolong both the therapeutic…

👥 Use in Specific Populations ~3 min read ▾

8.1Pregnancy Risk Summary Use of opioid analgesics for an extended period of time during pregnancy may cause neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]. Available data with tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets in pregnant women are insufficient to inform a drug-associated risk for major birth defects and miscarriage. In animal reproduction studies, tramadol administration during organogenesis decreased fetal weights and reduced ossification in mice, rats, and rabbits at 1.4, 0.6, and 3.6 times the maximum recommended human daily dosage (MRHD).

Tramadol decreased pup body weight and increased pup mortality at 1.2 and 1.9 times the MRHD [see Data]. Based on animal data, advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown.

All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions Use of opioid analgesics for an extended period of time during pregnancy for medical or nonmedical purposes can result in physical dependence in the neonate and neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome shortly after birth.

Neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome presents as irritability, hyperactivity and abnormal sleep pattern, high pitched cry, tremor, vomiting, diarrhea, and failure to gain weight. The onset, duration, and severity of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome vary based on the specific opioid used, duration of use, timing and amount of last maternal use, and rate of elimination of the drug by the newborn. Observe newborns for symptoms and signs of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and manage accordingly [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].

Neonatal seizures, neonatal withdrawal syndrome, fetal death and stillbirth have been reported with tramadol during post-approval use of tramadol immediate-release products. Labor or Delivery Opioids cross the placenta and may produce respiratory depression and psycho-physiologic effects in neonates. An opioid antagonist, such as naloxone, must be available for reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression in the neonate.

Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets are not recommended for use in pregnant women during or immediately prior to labor, when use of shorter-acting analgesics or other analgesic techniques are more appropriate. Opioid analgesics, including tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, can prolong labor through actions which temporarily reduce the strength, duration, and frequency of uterine contractions. However, this effect is not consistent and may be offset by an increased rate of cervical dilation, which tends to shorten labor.

Monitor neonates exposed to opioid analgesics during labor for signs of excess sedation and respiratory depression. Tramadol has been shown to cross the placenta. The mean ratio of serum tramadol in the umbilical veins compared to maternal veins was 0.83 for 40 women given tramadol during labor.

The effect of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, if any, on the later growth, development, and functional maturation of the child is unknown. Data Animal Data Tramadol has been shown to be embryotoxic and fetotoxic in mice, (120 mg/kg), rats (25 mg/kg) and rabbits (75 mg/kg) at maternally toxic dosages, but was not teratogenic at these dose levels. These doses on a mg/m2 basis are 1.9, 0.8, and 4.9 times the maximum recommended human daily dosage (MRHD) for mouse, rat and rabbit, respectively.

No drug-related teratogenic effects were observed in progeny of mice (up to 140 mg/kg), rats (up to 80 mg/kg) or rabbits (up to 300 mg/kg) treated with tramadol by various routes. Embryo and fetal toxicity consisted primarily of decreased fe…

🆘 Overdosage ~2 min read ▾

Clinical Presentation Acute overdosage with tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets can be manifested by respiratory depression, somnolence progressing to stupor or coma, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy skin, constricted pupils, and, in some cases, pulmonary edema, bradycardia, QT prolongation, hypotension, partial or complete airway obstruction, atypical snoring, and death. Marked mydriasis rather than miosis may be seen with hypoxia in overdose situations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2)]. Treatment of Overdose In case of overdose, priorities are the reestablishment of a patent and protected airway and institution of assisted or controlled ventilation, if needed.

Employ other supportive measures (including oxygen and vasopressors) in the management of circulatory shock and pulmonary edema as indicated. Cardiac arrest or arrhythmias will require advanced life-support measures. Opioid antagonists, such as naloxone,, are specific antidotes to respiratory depression resulting from opioid overdose.

For clinically significant respiratory or circulatory depression secondary to opiod overdose, administer an opioid antagonist. While naloxone will reverse some, but not all, symptoms caused by overdosage with tramadol, the risk of seizures is also increased with naloxone administration. In animals, convulsions following the administration of toxic doses of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets could be suppressed with barbiturates or benzodiazepines but were increased with naloxone.

Naloxone administration did not change the lethality of an overdose in mice. Hemodialysis is not expected to be helpful in an overdose because it removes less than 7% of the administered dose in a 4-hour dialysis period. Because the duration of opioid reversal is expected to be less than the duration of action of tramadol in tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, carefully monitor the patient until spontaneous respiration is reliably reestablished.

Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets will continue to release tramadol and add to the tramadol load for 24 to 48 hours or longer following ingestion, necessitating prolonged monitoring. If the response to an opioid antagonist is suboptimal or only brief in nature, administer additional antagonist as directed by the product's prescribing information. In an individual physically dependent on opioids, administration of the recommended usual dosage of the antagonist will precipitate an acute withdrawal syndrome.

The severity of the withdrawal symptoms experienced will depend on the degree of physical dependence and the dose of the antagonist administered. If a decision is made to treat serious respiratory depression in the physically dependent patient, administration of the antagonist should be initiated with care and by titration with smaller than usual doses of the antagonist.

🧬 Clinical Pharmacology ~3 min read ▾

12.1Mechanism of Action Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablet contains tramadol, an opioid agonist and an inhibitor of reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin. Although the mode of action of tramadol is not completely understood, the analgesic effect of tramadol is believed to be due to both binding to µ-opioid receptors and weak inhibition of reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin. Opioid activity of tramadol is due to both low affinity binding of the parent compound and higher affinity binding of the O-desmethyl metabolite M1 to µ-opioid receptors.

In animal models, M1 is up to 6 times more potent than tramadol in producing analgesia and 200 times more potent in µ-opioid binding. Tramadol-induced analgesia is only partially antagonized by the opioid antagonist naloxone in several animal tests. The relative contribution of both tramadol and M1 to human analgesia is dependent upon the plasma concentrations of each compound.

Tramadol has been shown to inhibit reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin in vitro, as have some other opioid analgesics. These mechanisms may contribute independently to the overall analgesic profile of tramadol. Apart from analgesia, tramadol administration may produce a constellation of symptoms (including dizziness, somnolence, nausea, constipation, sweating and pruritus) similar to that of other opioids.

In contrast to morphine, tramadol has not been shown to cause histamine release. At therapeutic doses, tramadol has no effect on heart rate, left-ventricular function, or cardiac index. Orthostatic hypotension has been observed.

12.2Pharmacodynamics Effects on the Central Nervous System Tramadol produces respiratory depression by direct action on brain stem respiratory centers. The respiratory depression involves a reduction in the responsiveness of the brain stem respiratory centers to both increases in carbon dioxide tension and electrical stimulation. Tramadol causes miosis, even in total darkness.

Pinpoint pupils are a sign of opioid overdose but are not pathognomonic (e.g., pontine lesions of hemorrhagic or ischemic origins may produce similar findings). Marked mydriasis rather than miosis may be seen due to hypoxia in overdose situations. Effects on the Gastrointestinal Tract and Other Smooth Muscle Tramadol causes a reduction in motility associated with an increase in smooth muscle tone in the antrum of the stomach and duodenum.

Digestion of food in the small intestine is delayed and propulsive contractions are decreased. Propulsive peristaltic waves in the colon are decreased, while tone may be increased to the point of spasm, resulting in constipation. Other opioid-induced effects may include a reduction in biliary and pancreatic secretions, spasm of sphincter of Oddi, and transient elevations in serum amylase.

Effects on the Cardiovascular System Tramadol produces peripheral vasodilation, which may result in orthostatic hypotension or syncope. Manifestations of histamine release and/or peripheral vasodilation may include pruritus, flushing, red eyes, sweating, and/or orthostatic hypotension. The effect of oral tramadol on the QTcF interval was evaluated in a double-blind, randomized, four-way crossover, placebo- and positive- (moxifloxacin) controlled study in 68 adult male and female healthy subjects.

At a 600 mg/day dose (1.5-fold the maximum immediate-release daily dose), the study demonstrated no significant effect on the QTcF interval. Effects on the Endocrine System Opioids inhibit the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, and luteinizing hormone (LH) in humans [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)]. They also stimulate prolactin, growth hormone (GH) secretion, and pancreatic secretion of insulin and glucagon.

Use of opioids for an extended period of time may influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to androgen deficiency that may manifest as low libido, impotence, erectile dysfunction, amenorrhea, or infertility. The causal role of opioids…

📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling 132 words ▾

Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets USP are supplied in the following package and dose strength forms: 100 mg tablets (white to off-white circular, biconvex, beveled edge, coated) imprinted with 'L010' on one side and plain on the other side. Bottles of 30 tablets: NDC 68180-697-06 Bottles of 100 tablets: NDC 68180-697-01 Bottles of 500 tablets: NDC 68180-697-02 200 mg tablets (white to off-white circular, biconvex, beveled edge, coated) imprinted with 'L011' on one side and plain on the other side. Bottles of 30 tablets: NDC 68180-698-06 Bottles of 100 tablets: NDC 68180-698-01 Bottles of 500 tablets: NDC 68180-698-02 300 mg tablets (white to off-white circular, biconvex, beveled edge, coated) imprinted with 'L012' on one side and plain on the other side Bottles of 30 tablets: NDC 72189-521-30 Bottles of 100 tablets: NDC 68180-699-01

📦 Storage and Handling 34 words ▾

Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Store tramadol hydrochloride extended release tablets securely and dispose of properly [see Patient Counseling Information (17)].

📋 Description 135 words ▾

Tramadol hydrochloride is an opioid agonist in an extended-release tablet formulation for oral use. The chemical name is (±) cis-2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl) cyclohexanol hydrochloride. Its structural formula is: [image-1] The molecular weight of tramadol HCl is 299.84.

It is a white, bitter, crystalline and odorless powder that is readily soluble in water and ethanol and has a pKa of 9.41. The n-octanol/water log partition coefficient (logP) is 1.35 at pH 7. Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets USP contain 100, 200 or 300 mg of tramadol HCl in an extended-release formulation.

The tablets are white to off-white in color and contain the inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, dibutyl sebacate, ethyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, and sodium stearyl fumarate. The imprinting ink contains shellac, iron oxide black and propylene glycol. Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets USP meet USP Dissolution Test 3.

💬 Medication Guide ~3 min read ▾

Medication Guide Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release Tablets , CIV (tram' a dol hye'' droe klor' ide) Tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets are: A strong prescription pain medicine that contains an opioid (narcotic) that is used to manage severe and persistent pain that requires an extended treatment period with a daily opioid pain medicine, when other pain medicines do not treat your pain well enough or you cannot tolerate them. A long-acting (extended-release) opioid pain medicine that can put you at risk for overdose and death.

Even if you take your dose correctly as prescribed you are at risk for opioid addiction, abuse, and misuse that can lead to death. Not to be taken on an "as needed" basis. Important information about tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets: Get emergency help or call 911 right away if you take too much tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets (overdose).

When you first start taking tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, when your dose is changed, or if you take too much (overdose), serious or life-threatening breathing problems that can lead to death may occur. Talk to your healthcare provider about naloxone, a medicine for the emergency treatment of an opioid overdose. Taking tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets with other opioid medicines, benzodiazepines, alcohol, or other central nervous system depressants (including street drugs) can cause severe drowsiness, decreased awareness, breathing problems, coma, and death.

Never give anyone else your tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets. They could die from taking it. Selling or giving away tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets is against the law.

Store tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets securely, out of sight and reach of children, and in a location not accessible by others, including visitors to the home. Important Information Guiding Use in Pediatric Patients: Do not give tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets to a child younger than 12 years of age. Do not give tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets to a child younger than 18 years of age after surgery to remove the tonsils and/or adenoids.

Avoid giving tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets to children between 12 to 18 years of age who have risk factors for breathing problems such as obstructive sleep apnea, obesity, or underlying lung problems. Do not take tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets if you have: severe asthma, trouble breathing, or other lung problems. a bowel blockage or have narrowing of the stomach or intestines. Before taking tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, tell your healthcare provider if you have a history of: head injury, seizures problems urinating abuse of street or prescription drugs, alcohol addiction, opioid overdose, or mental health problems. liver, kidney, thyroid problems pancreas or gallbladder problems Tell your healthcare provider if you are: Are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.

Use of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets for an extended period of time during pregnancy can cause withdrawal symptoms in your newborn baby that could be life-threatening if not recognized and treated. breastfeeding. Not recommended-: it may harm your baby. living in a household where there are small children or someone who has abused street or prescription drugs taking prescription or over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, or herbal supplements. Taking tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets with certain other medicines can cause serious side effects that could lead to death. noticing your pain getting worse.

If your pain gets worse after you take tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets, do not take more of tramadol hydrochloride extended-release tablets without first talking to your healthcare provider. Talk to your healthcare provider if the pain that you have increases, if you feel more sensitive to pain, or if you ha…

Glossary — plain-language definitions of medical terms used in this label:

contraindicated: Should not be used in that situation, because the risk is considered too high.

in vitro: In a laboratory dish or test tube rather than in a living person or animal; results may not carry over to people.

abdominal pain: Pain, cramping, or discomfort felt anywhere in the belly area.

abuse: Using a medicine in a way it was not meant to be used, such as taking more than prescribed to feel a high.

adrenal insufficiency: A condition where the adrenal glands do not make enough of certain needed hormones, such as cortisol, a stress hormone.

adverse reaction: An unwanted or harmful effect that a medicine causes in the body.

Adverse Reactions: Unwanted or harmful effects that people experienced while taking a medicine, listed on its official label.

agonist: A substance that switches on a specific target in the body to produce an effect, the way a key turns a lock.

amenorrhea: The absence of monthly menstrual periods.

anaphylaxis: A sudden, severe, whole-body allergic reaction that can cause trouble breathing, swelling, and a drop in blood pressure, needing emergency care.

animal reproduction studies: Tests in pregnant animals used to check whether a medicine might harm a developing baby.

anorexia: Loss of appetite, or not feeling hungry (on a drug label this means reduced appetite, not the eating disorder).

antagonist: A substance that blocks a target in the body so a natural signal or another medicine cannot produce its usual effect.

apnea: A pause or temporary stop in breathing.

asthenia: Unusual weakness or lack of physical strength and energy.

bradycardia: A slower-than-normal heart rate, usually under 60 beats per minute.

cardiac arrest: A sudden stop of the heart's pumping that cuts off blood flow to the body, which is a medical emergency.

Clinical Pharmacology: The label section explaining how a medicine works in the body and how the body processes it.

constipation: Having bowel movements less often than usual, or passing stools that are hard, dry, and difficult to move.

Contraindications: A list of situations or health conditions in which a medicine should not be used because the chance of harm is too high.

controlled substance: A medicine regulated by law because it can be misused or lead to dependence, with special rules for prescribing and storage.

crossover: A study design in which each person takes one treatment for a time, then switches to the other, acting as their own comparison.

CYP2D6: A liver enzyme that breaks down many medicines; people inherit different versions, so it works faster in some and slower in others.

CYP3A4: One of the most important liver and gut enzymes, responsible for breaking down a large share of all medicines.

cytochrome P450: A large family of enzymes, mostly in the liver, that break down many medicines so the body can remove them.

depression: A lasting low mood with loss of interest that affects everyday life.

diarrhea: Loose, watery bowel movements that happen more often than normal.

Dosage and Administration: The label section explaining how much of a medicine to use and how to take or give it.

double-blind: A study in which neither the patients nor their doctors know who is getting the real medicine and who is getting the dummy.

Drug Abuse and Dependence: A label section describing a medicine's potential to be misused and to cause the body to rely on it.

Drug Interactions: The label section listing other medicines, foods, or substances that can change how a medicine works or raise the chance of side effects.

dyspepsia: Discomfort, fullness, or a burning feeling in the upper belly, commonly called indigestion.

edema: Swelling caused by extra fluid trapped in the body's tissues.

efficacy: How well a treatment works under the controlled conditions of a clinical study.

Elimination: The overall removal of a medicine from the body by breaking it down and passing it out.

erectile dysfunction: Trouble getting or keeping an erection.

estimated background risk: The normal chance that any pregnancy will have a birth defect or problem, even without taking any medicine.

extended-release: A pill or capsule made to release its medicine slowly over many hours, so it can be taken less often; often labeled ER or XR.

flushing: Temporary redness and warmth of the skin, often on the face and neck, from widening of small blood vessels.

hemodialysis: A treatment that uses a machine to filter waste and extra fluid from the blood when the kidneys cannot.

hypersensitivity: An overreaction of the body's defense system to a substance, causing symptoms such as rash, swelling, or trouble breathing.

hypotension: Blood pressure that is lower than normal, which can cause dizziness or fainting.

hypoxia: A condition in which the body's tissues do not get enough oxygen.

ileus: A slowdown or stop in the normal movement of the intestines, so food and waste do not pass through.

immediate-release: A standard pill or capsule that releases all of its medicine soon after it is swallowed.

incidence: How often a new event, such as a side effect, happens in a group of people over a set period of time.

inducer: A substance that speeds up an enzyme, which can lower the levels of drugs that enzyme breaks down.

inhibitor: A substance that blocks an enzyme or transporter, which can raise the levels of drugs it normally handles.

insomnia: Trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or getting restful sleep.

irritability: Getting annoyed, frustrated, or angry more easily than usual.

lethargy: A state of tiredness and sluggishness, often with slowed thinking or movement.

Mechanism of Action: How a medicine produces its effect in the body, described at the level of cells or body chemistry.

Medication Guide: An FDA-approved handout written for patients that explains important safety information about certain medicines in plain language.

Metabolism: How the body chemically changes a medicine, usually in the liver, into other substances.

metabolite: A new substance formed when the body breaks a medicine down.

misuse: Using a medicine differently from how it was prescribed or directed, whether on purpose or by mistake.

mydriasis: Widening of the pupil, the dark center of the eye.

nasopharyngitis: Inflammation of the nose and throat, commonly known as the common cold.

NDC: A unique number that identifies a specific medicine, its maker, strength, and package size.

neonatal: Relating to a newborn baby during its first four weeks of life.

open-label: A study in which both the patients and their doctors know which treatment each person is receiving.

organogenesis: The early stage of pregnancy when the developing baby's organs are first forming.

orthostatic hypotension: A drop in blood pressure when you stand up from sitting or lying down, which can cause brief dizziness.

Overdosage: The label section describing what can happen if too much of a medicine is taken and how it may be treated.

Patient Counseling Information: The label section telling health professionals what to explain to patients about using a medicine safely.

physical dependence: When the body adapts to a medicine over time, so stopping it suddenly causes uncomfortable symptoms.

placebo: An inactive treatment with no real medicine in it, such as a sugar pill, used for comparison in a study.

placebo-controlled: Describes a study that compares people taking the real medicine against people taking a dummy pill with no active ingredient.

plasma concentration: The amount of medicine measured in the liquid part of the blood at a given time.

Prescribing Information: The official, detailed document approved by the FDA that tells health professionals how to use a prescription medicine.

PRN: Taken only as needed rather than on a fixed schedule; from the Latin phrase meaning "as the situation arises.".

pruritus: Itching of the skin.

pulmonary edema: A buildup of fluid in the lungs' air sacs that makes it hard to breathe.

pyrexia: A raised body temperature; a fever.

QT prolongation: A longer-than-normal electrical recovery time between heartbeats, seen on a heart tracing (ECG), which can raise the chance of a dangerous heart rhythm.

randomized: Assigned to a treatment group purely by chance, like a coin flip, so the groups being compared start out fair and similar.

REMS: A special FDA-required safety program that manages a serious risk, sometimes adding extra steps for patients, pharmacists, or prescribers.

respiratory depression: Breathing that becomes too slow or too shallow to move enough air, so the body may not get enough oxygen.

sedation: A calm, sleepy, slowed-down state caused by a medicine that relaxes the brain and body.

serotonin syndrome: A potentially dangerous reaction from too much of the brain chemical serotonin, causing agitation, fast heartbeat, sweating, and muscle twitching.

somnolence: Feeling very sleepy or drowsy, with trouble staying awake during the day.

stillbirth: The death of a baby in the womb late in pregnancy or during birth.

syncope: The medical term for fainting, a brief loss of consciousness from a temporary drop in blood flow to the brain.

teratogenic: Able to cause physical birth defects in a developing baby when a medicine is taken during pregnancy.

titration: Slowly adjusting a medicine's dose up or down in small steps to find the amount that works best with the fewest side effects.

tremor: Shaking or trembling of part of the body, such as the hands, that a person cannot control.

ultra-rapid metabolizer: A person whose inherited enzymes break down certain drugs unusually fast, so those drugs may reach lower levels.

upper respiratory tract infection: An infection of the nose, sinuses, or throat, such as the common cold.

vasodilation: Widening of blood vessels, which lets more blood flow through and can lower blood pressure.

vertigo: A spinning sensation that makes you feel like you or the room around you is moving.

Warnings and Precautions: The label section describing serious risks to know about and safety steps to follow while using a medicine.

withdrawal: Uncomfortable physical or mental symptoms that appear when a medicine the body has gotten used to is reduced or stopped.

Source: FDA Structured Product Labeling, mirrored from DailyMed / openFDA. Prefer the government’s original formatting? View this label on DailyMed ↗

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Tramadol HCL ER 300 mg Tablet, Extended Release, 30-count

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