Medications That May Deplete GLUTATHIONE
See which medications carry a reported association, how strong the evidence is, and what to discuss with your pharmacist.
Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant your body makes naturally, and many people take it as a supplement hoping for skin, detox, or anti-aging benefits. However, strong human evidence is limited for most uses, and oral glutathione is poorly absorbed. Talk to your pharmacist or doctor before starting, especially if you are considering IV or inhaled forms.
Commonly used for: Antioxidant support, Skin lightening or brightening, Detoxification support, Immune support, Liver health, Anti-aging.
HelloPharmacist pharmacist-reviewed education. The medication records below are licensed clinical data, shown as published.
Medications associated with GLUTATHIONE depletion
Each record is shown as published in our licensed clinical database. Open a medication for its full nutrient report.
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Acetaminophen
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Tylenol Ex Strength, Children's Tylenol, Tylenol
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a protective compound your body makes naturally, and it plays a big role in neutralizing harmful byproducts that form when your liver processes acetaminophen. The concern is that over time, or at higher doses, acetaminophen may use up glutathione faster than your body can replenish it. That said, the current evidence for this being a real problem at normal doses is considered insufficient, meaning we simply do not have enough solid data yet to know how clinically meaningful it is for most people. If you take acetaminophen regularly and have questions, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Aspirin
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Gemnisyn
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally to protect cells from damage and help neutralize toxins, including acetaminophen itself. When acetaminophen is broken down in the liver, it produces a harmful byproduct, and the body uses up glutathione to neutralize it. High or long-term acetaminophen use has been linked to lower glutathione levels, though the evidence here is still too limited to know how much this matters clinically. If you take acetaminophen regularly and are curious, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Excedrin Migraine, Excedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally to protect cells from damage, and the liver leans on it heavily to break down acetaminophen safely. When large or repeated doses of acetaminophen are processed, the liver can burn through its glutathione supply faster than it can rebuild it. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning we simply do not know yet whether this matters for people taking a normal, occasional dose of this combination product. If you use acetaminophen regularly or in higher amounts, it is worth mentioning that to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Dimetapp Cold and Flu
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and acetaminophen (the pain reliever in this combination) is the ingredient that gets attention here. When your liver breaks down acetaminophen, it uses up glutathione in the process, so heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower glutathione levels. That said, the evidence for everyday doses is rated insufficient, meaning researchers simply do not yet know how meaningful this is for most people. If you take this product regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine →
Acetaminophen, Butalbital
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Bucet, Promacet, Butex Forte
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is one of the body's key natural antioxidants, helping protect cells from damage and supporting the liver as it processes toxins. Acetaminophen, the pain reliever in this combination, is broken down in the liver in a way that consumes glutathione, and heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower levels of it. That said, the current evidence is really too limited to know whether this matters at typical doses for most people, so this falls into the 'we are watching but not alarmed' category. If you take this medication regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor just to make sure your liver health is being kept in mind.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Tecnal, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the liver depends on it heavily when processing medications like acetaminophen. When acetaminophen is broken down in the liver, it produces a byproduct that glutathione has to neutralize, so regular or higher-than-usual use may gradually draw down your body's supply. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers haven't established whether this is a real concern for people taking normal doses. If you use this combination regularly, it's worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine →
Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Esgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage and help neutralize harmful byproducts. The acetaminophen in this combination product is processed by the liver, and that process uses up glutathione, so heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower glutathione levels. That said, current evidence is too limited to know whether this matters clinically for most people taking normal doses. If you use this medication regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine →
Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Bancap w/ Codeine
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally to protect cells from damage, and the acetaminophen in this combination product may reduce your supply of it. When acetaminophen is processed by the liver, it produces a byproduct that your body uses glutathione to neutralize, so higher or more frequent doses can put extra demand on those stores. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers have noted this connection mainly with chronic or excessive use and do not yet have enough data to call it a clear clinical concern. If you take this medication regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor at your next visit.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine →
Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Phrenilin #3
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage and help clear out harmful byproducts. The acetaminophen in this combination product is processed in the liver, and that process can use up glutathione, especially when acetaminophen is taken in large amounts or over a long period of time. That said, the evidence here is rated as insufficient, meaning researchers have not yet confirmed how much this matters at normal doses. If you take this medication regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor at your next visit.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate →
Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Hycomine Compound
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and acetaminophen (one of the ingredients in this combination product) is the main ingredient worth knowing about here. When your body breaks down acetaminophen, it uses up glutathione to do so safely, and there is some evidence that high or long-term acetaminophen use can draw down the body's supply. That said, the current evidence is rated insufficient, so how meaningful this is for someone taking a normal dose is simply not known. If you have questions about your acetaminophen intake or antioxidant status, it is worth a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine →
Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Gesic C8, Gesic C15, Lenoltec 2
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the liver relies on it heavily to process acetaminophen safely. When acetaminophen is used in large amounts over a long period, the liver can burn through glutathione faster than the body can replace it, leaving stores running low. Because the evidence here is still limited, this connection is not fully understood, so most people taking this medication at normal doses have little reason to worry. If you use acetaminophen regularly over the long term, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Codalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant your body makes naturally to protect cells from damage. The acetaminophen component of this combination is the piece researchers have looked at most closely here: when acetaminophen is processed in the liver, it produces a byproduct that the body neutralizes by using up glutathione, so heavy or prolonged use has been linked to lower levels. That said, the evidence for this combination specifically is rated insufficient, meaning we simply do not know how meaningful it is in practice for most people taking a normal dose. If you have any concerns, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide →
Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Panlor DC, Panlor SS, DHC Plus
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and acetaminophen (the pain reliever in this combination) is the ingredient most tied to this concern. When acetaminophen is broken down in the liver, the process can use up glutathione, and regular high-dose use has been linked to lower levels over time. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers simply do not yet have enough data to know how meaningful this is for everyday users at normal doses. If you take this medication regularly, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor, just to make sure you are staying within a safe dose range.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine →
Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Migralam
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally to protect cells from damage and help neutralize toxins, including acetaminophen itself. The acetaminophen in this combination medicine is processed in the liver, and that process uses up glutathione as part of normal metabolism. At regular doses this is not typically a concern, but higher or prolonged use has been linked to lower glutathione levels in some cases. Because the evidence here is still limited, talk with your pharmacist or doctor before taking any supplement aimed at supporting glutathione.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene →
Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Midol Max Strength Menstrual
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally, and it plays an important role in protecting cells from damage, including helping the liver process certain medications safely. Here is the connection: when the body breaks down acetaminophen (the pain reliever in this combination product), it produces a byproduct that glutathione helps neutralize, so heavy or prolonged use may draw down your body's supply. That said, the evidence around everyday doses is currently rated as insufficient, meaning researchers have not yet confirmed how meaningful this is in practice for most people. If you take acetaminophen-containing products regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor just to be safe.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HBr
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Vicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally to protect cells and help the liver clear out toxins. The concern here is specifically with acetaminophen, one ingredient in this combination product: when acetaminophen is processed by the liver, it can use up glutathione in the process, and heavy or prolonged use has been linked to lower levels. That said, the evidence for this being a real problem at normal doses is not strong enough to draw firm conclusions. If you take acetaminophen regularly over the long term, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HBr →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Colrex
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and acetaminophen is the ingredient in this combination that may affect it. When acetaminophen is broken down in the liver, the process can use up glutathione, and high or long-term use has been linked to lower levels. The evidence here is rated insufficient, so researchers simply do not yet know how meaningful this is for most people taking a normal dose. If you use acetaminophen-containing products regularly, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Coricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage. The acetaminophen in this combination product is processed in the liver, and that process can use up glutathione as a byproduct, especially when large or repeated doses are involved. Right now the evidence is too limited to know whether typical, short-term cold remedy use makes a real difference in your glutathione levels, so most people do not need to worry about this. If you take acetaminophen regularly over a long period, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Coricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and acetaminophen (the pain reliever in this combination product) is broken down in the liver in a way that uses up glutathione in the process. At normal doses this is not usually a concern, but there is some evidence that heavy or long-term acetaminophen use can be associated with lower glutathione levels. Right now the research is too limited to know how much this really matters in practice, so most people taking an occasional cold remedy like this do not need to worry, though long-term users of acetaminophen can always ask their pharmacist about it.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Multi Symptom Cold Relief
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and acetaminophen is the ingredient in this combination product most connected to it. When acetaminophen is processed in the liver, glutathione gets used up in the process, and high or prolonged use may leave the body with less of it than usual. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers have not yet confirmed this is a real concern at normal doses. If you take acetaminophen-containing products regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Tylenol Cold Ex Strength, Children's Tylenol Cold Plus Cough
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and acetaminophen (the pain reliever in this combination product) is the ingredient most relevant here. When acetaminophen is processed by the liver, it gets converted into a byproduct that your body neutralizes by using up glutathione, so heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower glutathione levels. That said, the evidence for this at normal doses is still considered insufficient, meaning researchers have not yet confirmed how meaningful it is in practice for most people. If you take acetaminophen-containing products regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Rhinogesic GG
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the acetaminophen in this combination product is the ingredient most relevant here. When acetaminophen is broken down in the liver, the process uses up glutathione, and some research suggests heavy or long-term use may leave levels lower than normal. That said, the evidence is currently rated as insufficient, so for someone using this product occasionally as directed, this is not a known concern. If you take acetaminophen regularly or in higher amounts, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Protid, Histex SR, Alka-Seltzer PLUS
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a protective compound your body makes naturally, and your liver leans on it heavily to neutralize harmful byproducts, including those produced when acetaminophen is broken down. At normal doses this combination product is unlikely to be a concern, but taking large or frequent amounts of acetaminophen over time has been reported to draw down glutathione stores as the liver uses it up faster than the body can replenish it. The evidence here is still quite limited, so this is not something most short-term users need to worry about. If you take acetaminophen regularly or in higher amounts, it is worth a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Rhinogesic JR, Rhinogesic
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally, and it plays a key role in protecting cells from damage, including in the liver. The acetaminophen in this combination product is the piece most relevant here: when acetaminophen is processed by the liver, it produces a byproduct that glutathione helps neutralize, so heavy or long-term use may draw down your body's supply over time. That said, the evidence for this depletion is rated insufficient, meaning we simply do not know how much it matters clinically for most people. If you take acetaminophen-containing products regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Sinulin, Alumadrine, Sinadrin Max Strength
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the acetaminophen in this combination product may use it up as part of how the liver breaks the drug down. The concern is mainly with chronic or heavy acetaminophen use, not an occasional dose. Right now the evidence is too limited to know whether this matters in practice for most people. If you take acetaminophen regularly over the long term, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Hista-Derfule
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and acetaminophen (the pain reliever in this combination product) is the ingredient most linked to lower glutathione levels. When your body processes acetaminophen, it uses up glutathione to safely break down a byproduct of the drug, so heavy or long-term use may put a strain on your body's supply. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers haven't confirmed how much this matters in practice for most people. If you take acetaminophen regularly or in large amounts, it's worth a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Norel Plus
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a protective compound your body makes to help neutralize harmful substances, including the byproducts produced when acetaminophen is broken down in the liver. When acetaminophen is used at high doses or over a long time, the liver may burn through its glutathione supply faster than it can rebuild it, which is where the concern comes from. That said, the evidence for this combination product at normal doses is rated insufficient, meaning we really do not know how meaningful this is in everyday use. If you take acetaminophen-containing products regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine →
Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Extra Strength Tylenol Allergy Sinus, Alka-Seltzer PLUS Liquid Gels, Lorsin
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage and help the liver break down harmful substances. The acetaminophen in this combination product is the piece worth knowing about here: when acetaminophen is processed in the liver, it uses up glutathione in the process, and high or long-term use has been linked to lower glutathione levels. That said, the evidence for everyday doses is rated insufficient, so this is more of an open question than a proven concern for most people. If you take acetaminophen regularly and have questions about this, it is worth a quick conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine →
Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Parafon Forte, Extra Strength Tylenol Aches & Strains, Acetazone Forte
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally, and it plays a key role in protecting your liver from harmful byproducts. When acetaminophen is processed by the liver, it produces a toxic breakdown product that glutathione helps neutralize, so heavy or long-term use may draw down your body's supply over time. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers have not yet confirmed how meaningful this is for people taking normal doses. If you take acetaminophen regularly and have concerns, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone, Codeine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Parafon Forte C8, Acetazone Forte C8
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and acetaminophen is the ingredient in this combination most closely tied to this concern. When acetaminophen is broken down in the liver, that process can use up glutathione stores, which is why heavy or long-term use has been associated with lower levels. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers haven't yet established whether this matters enough to act on for most people taking normal doses. If you use this medication regularly or have questions about your liver health, it's worth a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone, Codeine →
Acetaminophen, Codeine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Tylenol w/ Codeine, Tylenol No.3
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a protective compound your body makes naturally, and it plays a key role in shielding your liver from harmful byproducts. The acetaminophen portion of this medication is processed in the liver, and heavy or prolonged use can put a strain on the body's glutathione supply as it works to neutralize those byproducts. That said, the evidence here is still quite limited, so researchers simply do not know yet how meaningful this is for people taking normal doses. If you have questions about long-term use, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Codeine, Doxylamine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Mersyndol
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and acetaminophen is the ingredient in this combination that has been loosely linked to lower glutathione levels. When acetaminophen is processed by the liver, it produces a byproduct that glutathione helps neutralize, so heavy or long-term use may draw down the body's supply. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers simply do not yet have enough data to know whether this matters for people taking normal doses. If you use acetaminophen regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Codeine, Doxylamine →
Acetaminophen, Codeine, Methocarbamol
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Robaxacet 8
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally to protect cells from damage and help process certain medications safely. The concern here is specifically with acetaminophen: when it breaks down in the liver, that process can consume glutathione, and heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower levels. That said, the evidence for this combination is currently rated insufficient, meaning researchers do not yet know how meaningful it is in practice for most people taking a normal dose. If you have questions about antioxidant support or your acetaminophen use, it is worth a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Codeine, Methocarbamol →
Acetaminophen, Dexbrompheniramine, Pseudoephedrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Sinadrin Plus
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage and help neutralize harmful substances, including byproducts of the acetaminophen in this combination product. When acetaminophen is processed in the liver, it produces a toxic byproduct that glutathione helps clean up, so high or prolonged use can draw down your body's supply. That said, the current evidence is not strong enough to rate this as a confirmed concern, so most people using this product as directed for short-term cold or allergy symptoms do not need to worry. If you take acetaminophen regularly or in higher amounts, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Dexbrompheniramine, Pseudoephedrine →
Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Tylenol Cough Ex Strength
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally, and it plays a big role in protecting your liver cells from damage. When acetaminophen is broken down in the body, the process can consume glutathione as part of detoxifying a byproduct of the medication, and heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower glutathione levels in some reports. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers have not yet established whether this is a meaningful concern for people taking normal doses. If you take acetaminophen regularly and have questions, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Vicks NyQuil
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
The acetaminophen component in this combination product is the piece worth knowing about here. Your body actually uses glutathione, a natural protective compound, to help break down acetaminophen safely. At normal, occasional doses that process works fine, but heavy or long-term acetaminophen use has been associated with lower glutathione levels because the body burns through it faster. The evidence for this interaction is still considered insufficient, so the clinical significance is unclear. If you use acetaminophen-containing products regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine →
Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Conar-A
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is one of your body's main built-in antioxidants, helping to neutralize harmful byproducts that build up inside cells. The acetaminophen in this combination product is the piece that researchers have looked at here: when acetaminophen is broken down in the liver, the process draws on glutathione to safely clear out a toxic intermediate. With normal doses taken as directed, this isn't considered a real concern, and the evidence is currently rated as insufficient, meaning there simply isn't enough data to know whether everyday use of a product like this causes any meaningful change in glutathione levels. If you take acetaminophen regularly or in higher amounts, that's a good conversation to have with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine →
Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylpropanolamine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Anatuss
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage and help neutralize toxins. The acetaminophen component in this combination product is processed in the liver in a way that can consume glutathione, and with chronic or high-dose use, levels may drop lower than usual. That said, the evidence for everyday doses is truly insufficient right now, so most short-term users do not need to worry. If you take acetaminophen regularly or in high amounts, it is worth asking your pharmacist or doctor whether this is relevant for you.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylpropanolamine →
Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Pseudoephedrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Robitussin Cold, Suphedrine Cold/Cough, Severe Cold
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage and help process certain substances, including medications. The acetaminophen component of this product is the piece that matters here: when acetaminophen is broken down in the liver, it uses up glutathione in the process, and regular or high-dose use has been linked to lower glutathione levels over time. That said, the evidence for this combination product is rated insufficient, meaning researchers simply do not have enough data yet to know how much it matters in practice. If you take acetaminophen-containing products frequently, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Pseudoephedrine →
Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine, Pyrilamine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Theracaps
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a protective compound your body makes naturally, and it plays a big role in shielding your cells from damage. The acetaminophen in this combination product is processed in the liver, and that breakdown process uses up glutathione, which is likely how heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower levels. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers do not yet have enough data to know whether this matters in everyday use at normal doses. If you take acetaminophen-containing products regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine, Pyrilamine →
Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Alka-Seltzer PLUS Flu Liquid Gels, Tylenol Flu Daytime Ex Strength, Non Aspirin Cold Caps
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally, and it plays a key role in protecting cells from damage, including helping the liver process medications safely. The acetaminophen component of this combination product is the one researchers have focused on here: when acetaminophen is broken down in the liver, it uses up glutathione as part of that process, and heavy or prolonged use has been linked to lower glutathione levels. That said, the evidence for this at normal doses is rated as insufficient, meaning we really do not know how much it matters in practice for everyday users. If you take acetaminophen-containing products regularly or in higher amounts, it is worth a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine →
Acetaminophen, Dichloralantipyrine, Isometheptene
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Midchlor, Migquin, Amidrine
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage. Acetaminophen (one of the ingredients in this combination medication) is broken down in the liver in a way that uses up glutathione, and higher or long-term doses have been linked to lower levels of it. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers have not yet confirmed how meaningful this is for people taking it at normal doses. If you have questions about whether this applies to you, it is worth a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Dichloralantipyrine, Isometheptene →
Acetaminophen, Dichloralphenazone, Isometheptene
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Midrin
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is one of the body's natural antioxidants, helping protect cells from damage. Acetaminophen, the pain reliever in this combination, is broken down in the liver in a way that can consume glutathione, and chronic or high-dose use has been linked to lower glutathione levels. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers simply do not yet have enough information to know if this matters clinically for most people taking it as directed. If you have questions about your specific situation, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Dichloralphenazone, Isometheptene →
Acetaminophen, Dichlorophenazone, Isometheptane
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Isocom
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage and help clear out harmful substances. Acetaminophen, the pain reliever in this combination, is broken down in the liver in a way that uses up glutathione, and large or long-term amounts may leave the body with less of it to work with. That said, the current evidence is rated insufficient, meaning researchers have not yet confirmed how much this matters for most people taking it at normal doses. If you have questions about your specific situation, it is worth a quick conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Dichlorophenazone, Isometheptane →
Acetaminophen, Diphenhydramine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Tylenol PM, Tylenol PM Ex Strength
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the liver depends on it heavily to process acetaminophen safely. When someone takes large or frequent doses of acetaminophen over time, the liver may use up glutathione faster than the body can replenish it. Right now the evidence for this interaction is considered insufficient, meaning we really do not know how much it matters in practice for most people taking normal doses. If you have any concerns, it is worth a quick conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Diphenhydramine, Pseudoephedrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Contac Night Allergy Relief, Children's Tylenol Allergy, Cold Control
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and acetaminophen is the ingredient in this combination that researchers have looked at in this context. When the body breaks down acetaminophen, especially in large or repeated doses over time, it can use up stores of glutathione in the process. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning there is not enough solid research to know whether this matters at normal doses for most people. If you take acetaminophen regularly and have questions about your antioxidant levels, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Diphenhydramine, Pseudoephedrine →
Acetaminophen, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Ex Strength Tylenol Sinus Nighttime
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally to help protect cells from damage. The acetaminophen component of this combination product is the one researchers have looked at here: when acetaminophen is broken down in the body, that process can use up glutathione as part of its normal metabolism. This connection has mainly been noted with chronic or excessive use, and right now there simply is not enough evidence to know whether everyday, short-term use of this cold remedy causes any meaningful change in your levels. If you have questions about long-term acetaminophen use and glutathione, that is a great conversation to have with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine →
Acetaminophen, Hydrocodone
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Vicodin, Vicodin ES, Vicodin HP
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the acetaminophen portion of this medication is what researchers have focused on here. When acetaminophen is broken down in the liver, the process can draw on your body's glutathione supply, and heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower levels. That said, the evidence right now is rated insufficient, meaning we simply do not know how meaningful this is for most people taking a normal dose. If you have questions about your specific situation, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Combogesic
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally to protect cells from damage and help clear out harmful substances. Acetaminophen is the one to know about here: when it breaks down in the liver, that process can use up glutathione, and heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower levels. For ibuprofen, this connection is not well studied. Overall, the evidence is still too thin to know whether this matters clinically for most people, so there is no action needed right now. If you take acetaminophen regularly at higher doses, it is worth a quick conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Meperidine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Demerol APAP
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the liver depends on it heavily when breaking down acetaminophen. At higher or long-term doses, acetaminophen appears to use up glutathione faster than the body can replace it, which is actually one reason overdoses are so harmful to the liver. That said, evidence at normal therapeutic doses is thin, so this is considered an open question rather than a proven concern. If you take acetaminophen regularly over the long haul, it's worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Methocarbamol
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Robaxacet
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the liver relies on it heavily to process acetaminophen safely. When acetaminophen is used in large amounts or over a long period, the liver may burn through glutathione faster than the body can replenish it. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers simply do not have enough data yet to know how much this matters for most people taking normal doses. If you take acetaminophen regularly and have any concerns, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Orphenadrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Orfenagesic
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the liver leans on it heavily to process acetaminophen safely. When acetaminophen is taken in large amounts or over a long period, the liver may burn through glutathione faster than the body can replace it. That said, the current evidence for this being a real concern at normal doses is quite limited, so most people do not need to worry about it. If you take acetaminophen regularly and have questions, it is worth a quick chat with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Oxycodone
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Percocet, Tylox, Roxicet
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the acetaminophen component of this medication is what researchers have focused on here. When acetaminophen is processed by your liver, it uses up glutathione as part of that detoxification process, and heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower glutathione levels. That said, the current evidence is rated as insufficient, so we simply do not know how much this matters for most people taking a normal prescribed dose. If you have questions or concerns, it is worth a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Pamabrom, Pyrilamine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Midol Max Strength PMS, Pamprin, Pamprin ES
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the acetaminophen in this product can actually use up a fair amount of it as the liver works to break the drug down. That said, the research here is still thin, and this concern is mainly tied to high or long-term acetaminophen use rather than typical doses taken as directed. Because the evidence is currently insufficient, most people using this product occasionally have little reason to worry. If you take acetaminophen regularly or in large amounts, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Pamabrom, Pyrilamine →
Acetaminophen, Pentazocine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Talacen
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally to protect cells from damage, and the liver relies on it heavily to safely process acetaminophen. When acetaminophen is broken down, it uses up glutathione in the process, so heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower levels. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers have not yet established whether this is a real concern for people taking normal doses. If you take acetaminophen regularly or in high amounts, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Super Cold Tabs
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage and help clear out harmful substances. The acetaminophen component of this combination product is the main concern here: when acetaminophen is processed by the liver, it can use up glutathione in the process, and high or prolonged use has been linked to lower glutathione levels. That said, the evidence for this at normal doses is rated insufficient, meaning we simply do not know how meaningful it is in practice. If you take acetaminophen-containing products regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine →
Acetaminophen, Phenylpropanolamine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Tetra Caps
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally to protect cells from damage and help break down certain substances, including acetaminophen itself. When the liver processes acetaminophen, it actually uses up glutathione as part of that process, and taking large or chronic doses over time has been linked to lower glutathione levels. That said, the current evidence is rated insufficient, meaning researchers have not yet established how meaningful this is for people taking normal doses. If you take acetaminophen regularly and have concerns, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Phenylpropanolamine →
Acetaminophen, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Sinubid
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally, and it plays a key role in protecting cells from damage. Acetaminophen is broken down in the liver through a process that uses up glutathione, so heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower levels of it. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers do not yet have enough data to know whether this matters in a practical way for most people taking a normal dose. If you have questions about your acetaminophen use or antioxidant levels, it is worth a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine →
Acetaminophen, Phenyltoloxamine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Percogesic, Relagesic
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and your liver depends on it heavily to process acetaminophen safely. When acetaminophen is used in large amounts or over a long period, the liver may burn through glutathione faster than the body can replace it, which is how toxicity can occur at high doses. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers have not yet confirmed this is a real concern at normal, everyday doses. If you take acetaminophen regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Phenyltoloxamine, Salicylamide
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Lobac
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally to protect cells from damage. Acetaminophen is broken down in the liver, and that process consumes glutathione along the way, so heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower glutathione levels. That said, the current evidence is too limited to know whether this is a real concern for most people taking normal doses. If you use acetaminophen regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Phenyltoloxamine, Salicylamide →
Acetaminophen, Propoxyphene
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Darvocet-N 100, Darvocet-N 50, Wygesic
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the liver relies on it heavily when breaking down acetaminophen. The concern is that processing acetaminophen, especially in large or repeated amounts over time, may use up glutathione faster than the body can rebuild it. That said, the evidence here is still quite limited, and no one knows yet how much this matters for people taking normal doses. If you take acetaminophen regularly and have questions about whether this applies to you, it is worth a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Pseudoephedrine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Sinutab, Tylenol Sinus, Sudafed Sinus
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally, and it plays a key role in protecting cells from damage, including helping your liver process acetaminophen safely. When acetaminophen is broken down, it uses up glutathione in the process, and there is some concern that taking large or frequent amounts over time could gradually deplete it. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning we simply do not know yet how meaningful this is for most people taking a normal, recommended dose. If you use acetaminophen regularly over the long term, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor just to make sure your use patterns are within a safe range.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Acetaminophen, Pseudoephedrine, Triprolidine
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Actifed Plus ES
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your body makes naturally, and it plays a key role in protecting your cells from damage. The acetaminophen component of this combination product is the part worth knowing about here: when acetaminophen is broken down in the body, it uses up glutathione in the process, and heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower levels of it. That said, the current evidence is rated as insufficient, meaning researchers simply do not yet know how meaningful this is for people taking normal doses. If you take acetaminophen-containing products regularly, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor at your next visit.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Full nutrient report for Acetaminophen, Pseudoephedrine, Triprolidine →
Benzhydrocodone, Acetaminophen
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Apadaz
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is an antioxidant your liver depends on to neutralize harmful byproducts, including those produced when the body processes acetaminophen (the pain reliever in this combination). When acetaminophen is used chronically or in large amounts, it can use up glutathione faster than the body replenishes it, leaving the liver with less of this protective compound. That said, current evidence is too limited to know how much this matters at normal doses, so most people taking this medication short-term are unlikely to have a real concern. If you take acetaminophen regularly over a long period, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Codeine, Paracetamol
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Co-codamol
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage and help break down certain substances safely. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is processed in the liver, and that process can use up glutathione, particularly when the medicine is taken in large amounts or over a long period of time. Right now the evidence for this at normal doses is considered insufficient, meaning we really do not have enough data to know how much it matters in practice for most people. If you take paracetamol regularly and have questions, it is worth a quick conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Ethanol
Insufficient EvidenceChronic use of alcohol has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is one of your body's main antioxidants, helping protect cells from damage caused by toxins and everyday stress. Heavy or long-term alcohol use has been associated with lower glutathione levels, likely because alcohol generates harmful byproducts that the body uses glutathione up trying to neutralize. That said, the research here is still limited, so the clinical significance is not well understood. If you have questions about your alcohol use and antioxidant status, it is worth bringing up with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Advil Dual Action
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage and help neutralize certain toxins. Acetaminophen is processed in the liver in a way that uses up glutathione, and taking large or repeated doses over time has been linked to lower levels of it. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers simply have not yet established whether this matters clinically for most people taking normal doses. If you use acetaminophen regularly or in higher amounts, it is worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Paracetamol
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Panadol
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a protective compound your body makes naturally, and your liver depends on it to neutralize harmful substances, including the byproducts of breaking down paracetamol. When paracetamol is processed in the liver, some of it gets converted into a toxic intermediate that glutathione latches onto and clears away, so heavy or prolonged use can draw down your body's supply. That said, the evidence here is rated insufficient, meaning researchers haven't established whether normal, everyday doses actually cause a meaningful drop in most people. If you take paracetamol regularly over the long term, it's worth mentioning to your pharmacist or doctor just to be sure.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
Tramadol, Acetaminophen
Insufficient EvidenceBrand names include Tramacet
Chronic or excessive acetaminophen has been associated with low levels of glutathione. Usually a cysteine containing supplement is used to replenish glutathione. Cysteine is converted to glutathione in the body.
Glutathione is a natural antioxidant your body makes to protect cells from damage, and the acetaminophen portion of this combination may gradually reduce your supply of it. Here is how: when your liver breaks down acetaminophen, it draws on glutathione to safely neutralize a toxic byproduct, and heavy or long-term use has been linked to lower glutathione levels. That said, the current evidence is rated insufficient, meaning researchers have not yet established how clinically meaningful this is for most people. If you take this medication regularly, it is worth a conversation with your pharmacist or doctor.
References (1)
- Herzenberg LA, De Rosa SC, Dubs JG, et al. Glutathione deficiency is associated with impaired survival in HIV disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:1967-72. PubMed
This tool is educational and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. An association is not a diagnosis and does not mean a deficiency will occur. Always talk to your pharmacist or healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any medication or supplement.
Disclaimer: This checker finds which nutrients might be depleted by prescription or over-the-counter medications. Each nutrient depletion issue is rated based on clinical significance. Use your own professional judgment prior to making clinical decisions.© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center Licensed records refresh weekly · last updated July 3, 2026.
What drug-induced nutrient depletion means
Some medications can, over time, lower the levels of certain vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients — through reduced absorption, increased loss, or changes in how the body uses them.
Association is not deficiency
An entry here means a depletion has been reported or studied — not that it happens to everyone, or that you are deficient. Dose, duration, diet, and your own health all matter.
Evidence varies by pair
Some drug–nutrient links (like metformin and vitamin B12) are well studied; others rest on limited or preliminary research. Each entry shows the evidence rating from our licensed clinical database.
When to ask about labs
If you take an associated medication long-term, ask your healthcare provider whether monitoring is appropriate for you. Not everyone needs testing — your provider can weigh your dose, duration, and symptoms.
Don't self-supplement blindly
Supplements are not risk-free: some can interact with medications, and some (like potassium or magnesium) can be risky with kidney disease. Talk to your pharmacist before adding anything.
Never stop a medication over this
These medications are prescribed for good reasons, and the benefit usually far outweighs a manageable nutrient consideration. Any change belongs in a conversation with your prescriber.
Food first, usually
For many nutrients, a varied diet covers the gap. Each entry lists common food sources; a supplement is a decision to make with your pharmacist or provider, not a default.
GLUTATHIONE & medications: FAQs
Which medications can lower GLUTATHIONE?
I take one of these medications — am I deficient in GLUTATHIONE?
Should I start a GLUTATHIONE supplement?
Where does this information come from?
Other commonly implicated nutrients
Wondering about your GLUTATHIONE levels?
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Sources & How We Checked
Medication associations with GLUTATHIONE are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database, and are displayed as published with their citations.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference for drug-induced nutrient depletions, supplements, and interactions — the basis for this page.
- MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine — NIH consumer drug information, used for medication overviews across the site.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.