Citicoline Drug Interactions, Uses, Effectiveness, Safety & More
What is this page for?
First and foremost: how Citicoline interacts with medications. The heart of this page is the interaction list — every drug Citicoline is known to interact with, and how serious each one is.
But these pages have grown well beyond that into a full monograph — what Citicoline is, what people use it for and how strong the evidence is, its safety and side effects, and answers to the questions we’re asked most — written and reviewed by the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases, not medical advice, and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Check Citicoline against your medication
Add one medicationDrugs that interact with Citicoline
0 medications have a known interaction with Citicoline, graded by severity. Select any drug for the full evidence-based detail.
We don’t currently list any known drug interactions for Citicoline. This doesn’t guarantee none exist — always confirm with your pharmacist before combining supplements with your medications.
What Severity, Likelihood & Evidence Mean
Severity — How Serious It Can Be
- Major. Clinically significant; generally best avoided, or used only under direct professional supervision.
- Moderate. May need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one.
- Minor. Generally not clinically significant, but still worth noting and mentioning to your pharmacist.
- No known interaction. Checked against our sources with nothing documented — not the same as proven safety.
Likelihood — How Well It’s Documented
- Likely. Well-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction
- Probable. Interaction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
- Possible. Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists
- Unlikely. Interaction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.
Where This Data Comes From
- Interaction records are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database (TRC Healthcare), the same reference used by pharmacists and hospitals.
- Each drug listed above links to the full report for that exact Citicoline combination — clinical detail, likelihood, evidence level, and citations.
- Content is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.
Citicoline: Uses, Safety & Side Effects
Citicoline is a naturally occurring compound involved in making brain cell membranes and the messenger chemical acetylcholine. It is popularly taken for memory, focus, and brain aging, and some research is promising, but high-quality evidence is still limited for most uses. It is generally well tolerated, but you should talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting it.
- Part used
- Not applicable (a compound the body makes naturally)
- Common forms
- Capsules, tablets, powder, sometimes liquid
- Memory and thinking
- Brain health and aging
- Stroke recovery support
- Focus and attention
- Eye health (glaucoma)
Popular and traditional uses — not proof it works. See “Uses & effectiveness” below for the evidence.
Generally well tolerated in studies, but long-term safety is not fully established.
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Read the full pregnancy detailInsufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Read the full breastfeeding detailPregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center). Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.
Overview
Citicoline (also written as CDP-choline) is a compound that your body makes on its own. It plays a role in building and repairing the membranes that surround brain cells. It is not an herb, so it does not come from a plant.
As a supplement, citicoline is made in a lab and sold as capsules, tablets, or powder. Some products use branded forms. People take it hoping to support memory, focus, and overall brain health, and it has been studied in conditions like stroke recovery and age-related memory decline.
How it works
Once in the body, citicoline breaks down into two main building blocks: choline and cytidine. These are used to make phosphatidylcholine, an important part of the membranes that wrap around brain cells.
Citicoline may also help the body make acetylcholine, a chemical messenger involved in memory and learning. Some laboratory and animal studies suggest it may help protect brain cells and support blood flow in the brain.
It is important to know that much of this understanding comes from lab and animal research. How strongly these effects apply to healthy people taking supplements is still not fully clear.
Does Citicoline work?
How to read these evidence grades
Natural Medicines’ 7-point scale. We show each rating’s label word-for-word.
Possibly Effective Age-related cognitive decline
Clinical research in elderly patients shows that taking oral or intravenous citicoline daily improves some memory scores, short-term.
Possibly Effective Glaucoma
Clinical research shows that oral, intramuscular, or ophthalmic citicoline may improve vision or slow the rate of vision loss in patients with glaucoma. However, these different routes of administration have not been directly compared.
Possibly Ineffective Stroke
Oral or intravenous citicoline, started within 12-24 hours of onset of ischemic stroke symptoms, does not seem to improve outcomes in most patients. However, it may be modestly beneficial in those who are not candidates for recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA).
Also studied for 17 conditions — evidence insufficient to rate
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Alzheimer disease
It is unclear if oral citicoline is beneficial in patients with Alzheimer disease.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Amblyopia
It is unclear if oral or intramuscular citicoline is beneficial in patients with amblyopia.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Although there has been interest in using oral citicoline for ADHD, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of citicoline for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Bipolar disorder
It is unclear if oral citicoline is beneficial in patients with bipolar disorder.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Cardiac arrest
It is unclear if intravenous citicoline can improve outcomes in children with cardiac arrest.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Cerebrovascular disease
It is unclear if oral, intramuscular, or intravenous citicoline is beneficial in patients with cerebrovascular disease.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Cocaine dependence
It is unclear if oral citicoline is beneficial in patients with cocaine dependence.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Delirium
Although there has been interest in using oral citicoline for delirium, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of citicoline for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Depression
It is unclear if oral citicoline is beneficial in patients with depression.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Diabetic retinopathy
Citicoline eye drops have only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; the effect of citicoline when used alone is unclear.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Intracranial hemorrhage
It is unclear if intravenous citicoline is beneficial in patients with intracranial hemorrhage.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Ischemic optic neuropathy
It is unclear if oral citicoline is beneficial in patients with ischemic optic neuropathy.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Methamphetamine use disorder
It is unclear if oral citicoline is beneficial in patients with methamphetamine use disorder.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Parkinson disease
It is unclear if oral or intramuscular citicoline is beneficial in patients with Parkinson disease.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Schizophrenia
It is unclear if oral citicoline is beneficial in patients with schizophrenia.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
It is unclear if oral citicoline is beneficial in patients with TBI; the available research is conflicting.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Vascular dementia
It is unclear if oral citicoline is beneficial in patients with vascular dementia.
Source & disclaimer. Effectiveness ratings and evidence summaries are provided by Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) and shown as licensed. Where Natural Medicines hasn’t rated a use, HelloPharmacist’s pharmacists may add their own reviewed rating and evidence (each such entry is labeled). This is educational information, not medical advice — talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing a supplement.
Safety & precautions
Citicoline appears to be generally well tolerated in short-term studies, but its long-term safety is not fully known. If you have any ongoing health condition or take prescription medicines, check with your pharmacist or doctor first.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding: There is not enough reliable safety information for these situations. To be safe, it is best to avoid citicoline if you are pregnant or breastfeeding unless your doctor specifically recommends it.
People with low blood pressure should be cautious, since citicoline may have mild effects on blood pressure in some cases. As with any supplement, choose products from reputable brands, since supplements are not as tightly regulated as prescription drugs.
Side effects
Citicoline is usually well tolerated. When side effects do happen, they are typically mild and may include:
- Headache
- Stomach upset, nausea, or diarrhea
- Trouble sleeping or feeling restless
- Changes in blood pressure
Serious side effects appear to be rare. If you notice an allergic reaction (such as rash, swelling, or trouble breathing) or any unusual symptoms, stop taking it and seek medical care.
Citicoline: Reported Adverse Effects
Documented safety reports on Citicoline from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database, shown word-for-word from the licensed record.
Orally, intramuscularly, and intravenously, citicoline seems to be well-tolerated.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Abdominal pain, back pain, blurred vision, constipation, diarrhea, edema, headache, insomnia, nausea, rash.
Back pain Musculoskeletal
Orally, citicoline may cause back pain in some patients.
Cluster headache Neurologic/CNS
Orally, citicoline may cause headache and insomnia in some patients.
- Spiers PA, Myers D, Hochanadel GS, et al. Citicoline improves verbal memory in aging. Arch Neurol 1996;53:441-8.
- Lukas, S. E., Kouri, E. M., Rhee, C., Madrid, A., and Renshaw, P. F. Effects of short-term citicoline treatment on acute cocaine intoxication and cardiovascular effects. Psychopharmacology.(Berl.) 2001;157(2):163-167.
- Dinsdale, J. R., Griffiths, G. K., Castello, J., Maddock, J., Ortiz, J. A., and Aylward, M. CDP-choline: repeated oral dose tolerance studies in adult healthy volunteers. Arzneimittelforschung. 1983;33(7A):1061-1065.
- Clark BC, Georgekutty J, Berul CI. Myocardial ischemia secondary to synthetic cannabinoid (K2) use in pediatric patients. J Pediatr 2015;167(3):757-61.e1.
- Ghajar A, Gholamian F, Tabatabei-Motlagh M, et al. Citicoline (CDP-choline) add-on therapy to risperidone for treatment of negative symptoms in patients with stable schizophrenia: a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2
- Jeong H, Yoon S, Sung YH, et al. Effects of cytidine-5'-diphosphate choline on gray matter volumes in methamphetamine-dependent patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Psychiatr Res 2021;143:215-221.
- Nakazaki E, Mah E, Sanoshy K, Citrolo D, Watanabe F. Citicoline and Memory Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Nutr 2021;151(8):2153-2160.
Constipation Gastrointestinal
Orally, citicoline may cause abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, and nausea in some patients.
- Spiers PA, Myers D, Hochanadel GS, et al. Citicoline improves verbal memory in aging. Arch Neurol 1996;53:441-8.
- Conant R, Schauss AG. Therapeutic applications of citicoline for stroke and cognitive function in the elderly: A review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 2004;9:17-31.
- Clark BC, Georgekutty J, Berul CI. Myocardial ischemia secondary to synthetic cannabinoid (K2) use in pediatric patients. J Pediatr 2015;167(3):757-61.e1.
- Ghajar A, Gholamian F, Tabatabei-Motlagh M, et al. Citicoline (CDP-choline) add-on therapy to risperidone for treatment of negative symptoms in patients with stable schizophrenia: a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2
- Castagna A, Manzo C, Fabbo A, Lacava R, Ruberto C, Ruotolo G. The CITIMERIVA Study: CITIcoline plus MEmantina plus RIVAstigmine in Older Patients Affected with Alzheimer's Disease. Clin Drug Investig. 2021 Feb;41(2):177-182.
- Jeong H, Yoon S, Sung YH, et al. Effects of cytidine-5'-diphosphate choline on gray matter volumes in methamphetamine-dependent patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Psychiatr Res 2021;143:215-221.
Hypotension Cardiovascular
Orally, citicoline may cause chest pain, palpitations, hypotension, bradycardia, tachycardia, and peripheral edema in some patients, although the incidence is likely similar to placebo.
- Spiers PA, Myers D, Hochanadel GS, et al. Citicoline improves verbal memory in aging. Arch Neurol 1996;53:441-8.
- Fioravanti M, Yanagi M. Cytidinediphosphocholine (CDP-choline) for cognitive and behavioural disturbances associated with chronic cerebral disorders in the elderly. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;(2):CD000269.
- Conant R, Schauss AG. Therapeutic applications of citicoline for stroke and cognitive function in the elderly: A review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 2004;9:17-31.
- Warach, S., Pettigrew, L. C., Dashe, J. F., Pullicino, P., Lefkowitz, D. M., Sabounjian, L., Harnett, K., Schwiderski, U., and Gammans, R. Effect of citicoline on ischemic lesions as measured by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Citicoline 0
Pregnancy-related edema Other
Orally, citicoline may cause edema of the extremities in some patients.
Adverse-effects data: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center
Dosing
There is no official standard dose of citicoline for supplement use. Doses used in research have varied widely depending on the condition being studied.
The safest approach is to follow the directions on the product label and not exceed the recommended amount. Because the right dose for you depends on your health and goals, talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, especially if you take other medicines or have a medical condition.
Citicoline & Pregnancy
Citicoline & Breastfeeding
© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center
Pregnancy & lactation ratings: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center
References & further reading
The 11 references that drive our Citicoline monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
- Spiers PA, Myers D, Hochanadel GS, et al. Citicoline improves verbal memory in aging. Arch Neurol 1996;53:441-8. PubMed
- Fioravanti M, Yanagi M. Cytidinediphosphocholine (CDP-choline) for cognitive and behavioural disturbances associated with chronic cerebral disorders in the elderly. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;(2):CD000269. PubMed
- Conant R, Schauss AG. Therapeutic applications of citicoline for stroke and cognitive function in the elderly: A review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 2004;9:17-31.
- Warach, S., Pettigrew, L. C., Dashe, J. F., Pullicino, P., Lefkowitz, D. M., Sabounjian, L., Harnett, K., Schwiderski, U., and Gammans, R. Effect of citicoline on ischemic lesions as measured by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Citicoline 0 DOI
- Lukas, S. E., Kouri, E. M., Rhee, C., Madrid, A., and Renshaw, P. F. Effects of short-term citicoline treatment on acute cocaine intoxication and cardiovascular effects. Psychopharmacology.(Berl.) 2001;157(2):163-167. PubMed
- Dinsdale, J. R., Griffiths, G. K., Castello, J., Maddock, J., Ortiz, J. A., and Aylward, M. CDP-choline: repeated oral dose tolerance studies in adult healthy volunteers. Arzneimittelforschung. 1983;33(7A):1061-1065.
- Clark BC, Georgekutty J, Berul CI. Myocardial ischemia secondary to synthetic cannabinoid (K2) use in pediatric patients. J Pediatr 2015;167(3):757-61.e1. PubMed
- Ghajar A, Gholamian F, Tabatabei-Motlagh M, et al. Citicoline (CDP-choline) add-on therapy to risperidone for treatment of negative symptoms in patients with stable schizophrenia: a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2
- Castagna A, Manzo C, Fabbo A, Lacava R, Ruberto C, Ruotolo G. The CITIMERIVA Study: CITIcoline plus MEmantina plus RIVAstigmine in Older Patients Affected with Alzheimer's Disease. Clin Drug Investig. 2021 Feb;41(2):177-182. PubMed
- Jeong H, Yoon S, Sung YH, et al. Effects of cytidine-5'-diphosphate choline on gray matter volumes in methamphetamine-dependent patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Psychiatr Res 2021;143:215-221. PubMed
- Nakazaki E, Mah E, Sanoshy K, Citrolo D, Watanabe F. Citicoline and Memory Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. J Nutr 2021;151(8):2153-2160. PubMed
This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC
Brands that make products with Citicoline
163 brands in our database make a supplement containing Citicoline.
Supplement products with Citicoline
465 products in our database contain Citicoline. Open any to see its full ingredient list and every drug interaction we check.
Citicoline: Common Questions
What is Citicoline used for, and does it work?
Does Citicoline interact with prescription medications?
How are Citicoline interactions rated?
Is it safe to take Citicoline with my medications?
Where does this Citicoline interaction information come from?
What is Citicoline used for?
Is Citicoline safe to take?
Can I take Citicoline while pregnant or breastfeeding?
Is Citicoline the same as choline?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Products that contain Citicoline
A rotating sample of real supplements in our database that list Citicoline — open any to see its full ingredients and every drug interaction we check.
- Cognizin Powder by Nootropics Depot
- Citicoline CDP Choline 250 mg by Jarrow Formulas
- Harness Big Sky by Arms Race Nutrition
- God Of Pumpz by Aggressive Labz
- Citicoline 250 mg by AN Amazing Nutrition Amazing Formulas
- Harness Black Cherry by Arms Race Nutrition
- X The Ultimate Brain Performance Enhancer by Superhuman Health
- Best Pre Workout Blue Lemon Ice by BPI Sports
- Super B-Complex Orange Cream Flavor by Spray For Life
- Citicoline CDP Choline 250 mg by Jarrow Formulas
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