What Supplements Interact with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate brand names: Minastrin 24 FE, LoMinastrin FE. Every interaction below applies to the brands too.
Drug–supplement interaction data sourced from Natural Medicines Pro, the licensed clinical database from TRC Healthcare / Therapeutic Research, with additional analysis by the HelloPharmacist Pharmacist Team. Our sources · Editorial policy
What is this page for?
One answer, for one medication: what supplements and herbal products interact with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate? Every vitamin, herb, and supplement ingredient we’ve checked against it is on this page, ranked by severity, each linking to the full report for that exact pair.
This page covers supplement interactions only — to check Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate against your other medications, use the drug–drug interaction checker. Educational information from our licensed clinical databases, not medical advice. Our editorial policy
240 supplements and herbal ingredients have interactions with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate on file in the HelloPharmacist interaction database — 6 rated major, 196 moderate, and 38 minor. The most serious involve Grapefruit, Siberian Cocklebur, Activated Charcoal, Beer and St. John's Wort.
Our assessment: with 6 major-rated interactions on the list, this one deserves real attention — know the major entries before combining anything with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate.
Ranked by severity below. Every entry links to the full pharmacist-reviewed report for that exact combination — what can happen, how likely it is, and what to do about it.
This box checks one ingredient at a time (like turmeric or magnesium). Taking a supplement product with a whole label of ingredients? Search the product instead — we check every ingredient on it ↓
Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate: Top Interactions at a Glance
The most significant Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate supplement & herbal interactions, colored by severity. Tap any ingredient to open the full report for that pair.
Showing the 12 highest-ranked of 240 interacting ingredients — plus 1,212 more checked with no known interaction. See the complete ranked list.
The Major Interactions to Know About
The most clinically significant Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate + supplement combinations in our database, best-documented first. Open any card for the full report.
Grapefruit juice can increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full interaction Major Likelihood Likely Siberian Cocklebur + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous FumarateiSiberian cocklebur can adversely affect the liver.
Read the full interaction Major Likelihood Probable Activated Charcoal + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous FumarateiActivated charcoal reduces systemic exposure to many drugs, including those that undergo enterohepatic recirculation, regardless of the route of administration.
Read the full interaction Major Likelihood Probable Beer + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous FumarateiConcomitant use of alcohol with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of hepatotoxicity.
Read the full interaction Major Likelihood Probable St. John's Wort + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous FumarateiSt.
Read the full interaction Major Likelihood Probable Wine + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous FumarateiConcomitant use of alcohol with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of hepatotoxicity.
Read the full interactionEvery Supplement Checked Against Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate
All 1,452 ingredients in our database, ranked by severity — 240 with a Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interaction on file and 1,212 with none found. Filter by severity or search any ingredient; hover the for what each ingredient is.
Looking for an interaction with a specific supplement product? Search products instead ↓
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GrapefruitCitrus Paradisi Likely
What it is: Grapefruit is a nutritious citrus fruit rich in vitamin C and other nutrients, and it is generally safe to eat.
Grapefruit juice can increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Grapefruit + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSiberian Cocklebur Likely
What it is: Siberian cocklebur is a fruit used in traditional Chinese and other Asian herbal medicine, mainly for nasal congestion, sinus issues, and al...
Siberian cocklebur can adversely affect the liver.
Read the full Siberian Cocklebur + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionActivated CharcoalActivated Carbon, animal Charcoal, carbo Vegetabilis, +13 more Probable
What it is: Activated charcoal is a highly porous form of carbon that can bind certain substances in the gut, and it is used in hospitals to treat some...
Activated charcoal reduces systemic exposure to many drugs, including those that undergo enterohepatic recirculation, regardless of the route of administration.
Read the full Activated Charcoal + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBeer Probable
What it is: Beer is an alcoholic beverage that contains some minerals, B vitamins, and plant compounds from hops and grain, but it is not a health suppl...
Concomitant use of alcohol with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of hepatotoxicity.
Read the full Beer + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSt. John's WortHypericum Perforatum, amber Touch-and-heal, barbe De Saint-jean, +13 more Probable
Wine Probable
What it is: Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes and is not a true dietary supplement or medicine.
Concomitant use of alcohol with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of hepatotoxicity.
Read the full Wine + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBlack Tea Probable
What it is: Black tea is a popular caffeinated drink made from the fully oxidized leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant, and it contains caffeine and an...
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Read the full Black Tea + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCaffeine Probable
What it is: Caffeine is a natural stimulant found in coffee, tea, and many other plants and products.
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Read the full Caffeine + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCannabidiol (cbd) Probable
What it is: CBD is a compound from the cannabis (hemp) plant that does not cause a 'high.' It has strong evidence only for certain rare seizure disorder...
Cannabidiol may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Cannabidiol (cbd) + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCocoaTheobroma Cacao, chocolat, chocolat Noir, +14 more Probable
What it is: Cocoa is rich in plant compounds called flavanols that may modestly support blood vessel function and blood pressure, but most chocolate pro...
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Read the full Cocoa + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCoffee Probable
What it is: Coffee is a widely consumed beverage made from roasted coffee beans, valued mainly for its caffeine, which boosts alertness and energy.
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Read the full Coffee + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCoffee CharcoalCafé Arabica, café Carbonisé, café Robusta, +5 more Probable
What it is: Coffee charcoal is made by roasting green coffee beans until they turn black, creating a charcoal-like material used traditionally for diarr...
Coffee charcoal can reduce the absorption of orally administered drugs and should be separated from oral drug administration by at least two hours.
Read the full Coffee Charcoal + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCola NutCola Acuminata, bissey Nut, bissy Nut, +10 more Probable
What it is: Cola nut is a caffeine-containing seed from West Africa used mainly as a natural stimulant for energy and alertness.
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of the caffeine in cola nut.
Read the full Cola Nut + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionEuropean MandrakeMandragora Officinarum, alraunwurzel, mandragora, +7 more Probable
What it is: European mandrake is a highly toxic plant from the nightshade family that was used in ancient and medieval times as a sedative and pain reli...
Theoretically, concurrent use might increase absorption of some drugs because of inhibited gastrointestinal (GI) motility caused by European mandrake.
Read the full European Mandrake + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionEvodia Probable
What it is: Evodia is a fruit used in traditional Chinese medicine, most often for digestive complaints, headaches, and menstrual pain.
Evodia might reduce the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates through induction of CYP1A2.
Read the full Evodia + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionFish Oil Probable
What it is: Fish oil provides omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) that are best known for lowering high triglyceride levels.
Theoretically, taking fish oil with contraceptive drugs might decrease the triglyceride-lowering effects of fish oil.
Read the full Fish Oil + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionFo-ti Probable
What it is: Fo-ti (He Shou Wu) is a root used in traditional Chinese medicine, often promoted for healthy aging and hair.
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fo-ti might interfere with hormone replacement therapy through competition for estrogen receptors.
Read the full Fo-ti + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGlucomannanGlucomanano, glucomannane, konjac, +1 more Probable
What it is: Glucomannan is a soluble fiber from the konjac root that swells into a gel in your stomach, which may help with mild weight loss, constipati...
Theoretically, glucomannan may decrease absorption of drugs taken orally.
Read the full Glucomannan + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGoldensealHydrastis Canadensis, chinese Goldenseal, eye Balm, +14 more Probable
What it is: Goldenseal is a popular North American herb that contains berberine, a compound studied for antimicrobial effects.
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase or decrease serum levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates.
Read the full Goldenseal + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGreen CoffeeCoffea Arabica, coffea Canephora, coffea Bukobensis, +2 more Probable
What it is: Green coffee is the unroasted bean of the coffee plant, prized for its high chlorogenic acid content.
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Read the full Green Coffee + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGreen TeaCamellia Sinensis, green Sencha Tea, green Tea Extract, +17 more Probable
What it is: Green tea is a popular beverage rich in antioxidants called catechins, and drinking it in normal amounts is considered safe for most people.
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Read the full Green Tea + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGuaranaPaullinia Cupana, brazilian Cocoa, cacao Brésilien, +3 more Probable
What it is: Guarana is an Amazonian seed that is naturally high in caffeine, which explains most of its stimulant and energy effects.
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Read the full Guarana + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGuggulCommiphora Wightii, devadhupa, gomme Guggul, +17 more Probable
What it is: Guggul is a gum resin from the Commiphora wightii tree, long used in Ayurvedic medicine for cholesterol, joint, and skin problems.
Theoretically, guggul might reduce the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Guggul + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionIlex Guayusa Probable
What it is: Ilex guayusa is a caffeine-containing holly leaf from the Amazon, traditionally brewed as a tea for energy and alertness, much like yerba ma...
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Read the full Ilex Guayusa + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionMelatoninN-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine Probable
What it is: Melatonin is a hormone your body makes naturally to help control your sleep-wake cycle, and the supplement form is widely used to help with...
Theoretically, melatonin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Melatonin + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionOolong Tea Probable
What it is: Oolong tea is a traditional partially oxidized tea made from the same plant as green and black tea, and it provides caffeine and plant antio...
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine in oolong tea.
Read the full Oolong Tea + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPu-erh Tea Probable
What it is: Pu-erh tea is a fermented, aged form of tea made from the same plant as green and black tea.
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Read the full Pu-erh Tea + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionRed CloverTrifolium Pratense, beebread, clovone, +17 more Probable
What it is: Red clover is a plant rich in isoflavones (plant compounds with weak estrogen-like activity) that is most often used for menopause symptoms...
Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of red clover might interfere with estrogen therapy.
Read the full Red Clover + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSchisandraSchisandra Chinensis, bac Ngu Vi Tu, baie De Schisandra, +10 more Probable
What it is: Schisandra is a traditional Chinese medicine berry used as an adaptogen for stress, fatigue, and liver support.
Schisandra can increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Schisandra + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionTree Turmeric Probable
What it is: Tree turmeric (Berberis aristata) is a shrub used in traditional Indian (Ayurvedic) medicine, valued mainly for its berberine content.
Theoretically, tree turmeric might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs that are substrates of CYP3A4.
Read the full Tree Turmeric + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionVitamin C Probable
What it is: Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential nutrient your body needs but cannot make, so you must get it from food or supplements.
Vitamin C might increase blood levels of estrogens.
Read the full Vitamin C + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionVitex Agnus-castusAgneau Du Moine, agneau-chaste, agni Casti, +16 more Probable
What it is: Vitex (chasteberry) is an herbal remedy most often used for PMS and menstrual cycle problems, and the strongest evidence is for easing some...
Theoretically, vitex agnus-castus could interfere with the activity of estrogens.
Read the full Vitex Agnus-castus + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionWild CarrotDaucus Carota, beesnest Plant, bird's Nest Root, +10 more Probable
What it is: Wild carrot is a traditional herb (the wild ancestor of the garden carrot) used mostly for urinary, digestive, and menstrual complaints.
Theoretically, excessive use of the above ground parts of wild carrot might interfere with hormonal therapy due to estrogenic effects of wild carrot.
Read the full Wild Carrot + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionYerba MateIlex Paraguariensis, chimarrao, green Mate, +14 more Probable
What it is: Yerba mate is a caffeine-containing herbal beverage from South America that is widely enjoyed for its stimulating, coffee-like effects.
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of the caffeine in yerba mate.
Read the full Yerba Mate + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAcacia RigidulaVachellia Rigidula, acacia Rigidula, acaciopsis Rigidula, +3 more Possible
What it is: Acacia rigidula is a shrub from Texas and Mexico that is marketed in weight-loss and energy supplements.
Theoretically, Acacia rigidula products that are adulterated with beta-methylphenylethylamine (BMPEA) might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Acacia Rigidula + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAdrafinilAdrafinilum, benzhydryl Sulfinyl Acetyl Hydroxamic Acid, crl-40028, +1 more Possible
What it is: Adrafinil is a synthetic compound that the body converts into modafinil, a prescription wakefulness-promoting drug.
Theoretically, adrafinil might reduce the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Adrafinil + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAfrican Wild Potato Possible
What it is: African Wild Potato (Hypoxis hemerocallidea) is a southern African plant traditionally used as a tonic and for immune, prostate, and inflamm...
In vitro research shows that African wild potato extract inhibits cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2).
Read the full African Wild Potato + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAletrisAletris Farinosa, ague, ague Grass, +12 more Possible
What it is: Aletris (true unicorn root or colic root) is a North American herb traditionally used for menstrual problems and digestive complaints, but t...
Aletris might have estrogenic effects.
Read the full Aletris + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAlfalfaMedicago Sativa, feuille De Luzerne, grand Trèfle, +9 more Possible
What it is: Alfalfa is a nutrient-rich legume that people use for high cholesterol, menopause symptoms, and general wellness, but solid human evidence f...
Theoretically, alfalfa might interfere with hormone therapy.
Read the full Alfalfa + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAmerican ElderSambucus Canadensis, american Elderberry, common Elderberry, +9 more Possible
What it is: American elder is a North American plant whose cooked, ripe berries and flowers are used mainly for colds, flu, and general immune support.
Theoretically, taking American elder might increase levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full American Elder + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAndrostenediol Possible
What it is: Androstenediol is a prohormone (a precursor the body can convert into testosterone and other hormones) marketed to raise testosterone and bu...
Androstenediol is a precursor to estrogen and can increase levels of estradiol and estrone.
Read the full Androstenediol + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAndrostenedione Possible
What it is: Androstenedione is a prohormone that the body can convert into testosterone and estrogen, but studies have not shown that taking it reliably...
Theoretically, androstenedione might increase the effects and adverse effects of estrogens.
Read the full Androstenedione + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAnisePimpinella Anisum, anis, anís, +14 more Possible
What it is: Anise is a fragrant, licorice-flavored seed used for centuries to ease digestion and soothe coughs.
Theoretically, anise might interfere with estrogen-based hormone replacement therapy.
Read the full Anise + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAshitabaAngelica Keiskei, angelica, ashitaba Du Japon, +6 more Possible
What it is: Ashitaba is a leafy plant from Japan that is eaten as a vegetable and taken as a supplement for general health, antioxidant, and heart benef...
In vitro research shows that ashitaba extract inhibits cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2.
Read the full Ashitaba + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAshwagandhaWithania Somnifera, ajagandha, amangura, +17 more Possible
What it is: Ashwagandha is an Ayurvedic herb most often taken to help with stress, anxiety, and sleep, and some small studies suggest it may help, thoug...
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Ashwagandha + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAstaxanthinAstaxanthine, astaxantina, dihydroxy-3, +6 more Possible
What it is: Astaxanthin is a reddish carotenoid pigment with strong antioxidant activity in the lab, and it is widely promoted for skin, eye, heart, and...
Theoretically, astaxanthin may decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Astaxanthin + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAyahuascaAppane, ayahoasca, caapi, +19 more Possible
What it is: Ayahuasca is a powerful psychoactive brew that combines a DMT-containing plant with a vine that allows the DMT to take effect, causing inten...
Theoretically, ayahuasca might increase plasma concentrations of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Ayahuasca + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBacopaBacopa Monnieri, andri, brahmi, +11 more Possible
What it is: Bacopa is an Ayurvedic herb most often used for memory and thinking.
Theoretically, bacopa might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Bacopa + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBaikal SkullcapScutellaria Baicalensis, baikal Scullcap, baikal Skullcap Root, +16 more Possible
What it is: Baikal skullcap is a traditional Chinese herb (Huang Qin) used for inflammation, allergies, and infections, with active compounds like baica...
Theoretically, Baikal skullcap may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2 enzymes.
Read the full Baikal Skullcap + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBeetBeta Vulgaris, beet Greens, beet Juice, +19 more Possible
What it is: Beet, especially beetroot juice, is a nitrate-rich food that may modestly lower blood pressure and slightly improve exercise performance in...
Theoretically, beet might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Beet + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBerberineAlcaloïde De Berbérine, berberina, berbérine, +5 more Possible
What it is: Berberine is a yellow plant compound that has shown promise for lowering blood sugar and cholesterol in some studies, but the quality of res...
Theoretically, berberine might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberine + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBeta-methylphenethylamine (bmpea) Possible
What it is: Beta-methylphenethylamine (BMPEA) is a synthetic stimulant chemically similar to amphetamine that has been found in some weight-loss and spo...
Theoretically, BMPEA might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Beta-methylphenethylamine (bmpea) + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBishop's WeedAmmi Majus, Élevé, ammi Inodore, +12 more Possible
What it is: Bishop's Weed (Ammi majus) is a flowering plant whose seeds contain natural light-sensitizing compounds called psoralens, which have been st...
Bergapten, a constituent of bishop's weed, has been shown to inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) in vitro.
Read the full Bishop's Weed + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBitter MelonMomordica Charantia, african Cucumber, ampalaya, +20 more Possible
What it is: Bitter melon is a tropical fruit eaten as food and used in traditional medicine, most often for blood sugar control.
Theoretically, bitter melon might increase levels of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Bitter Melon + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBitter OrangeCitrus Aurantium, aurantii Fructus, aurantium, +17 more Possible
What it is: Bitter orange is a citrus fruit whose extracts contain synephrine, a mild stimulant often added to weight-loss and energy supplements.
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Bitter Orange + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBlack CohoshActaea Racemosa, baie D'actée, baneberry, +10 more Possible
What it is: Black cohosh is a North American plant most often used to ease menopause symptoms like hot flashes, but the research is mixed and far from s...
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBlack Hoof MushroomPhellinus Linteus, black Hoof Fungus, mesima, +5 more Possible
What it is: Black Hoof Mushroom (Phellinus linteus) is a medicinal mushroom long used in East Asian traditional medicine, mainly for immune support.
Theoretically, black hoof mushroom might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Black Hoof Mushroom + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBlack PepperPiper Nigrum, black Peppercorn, extrait De Poivre, +23 more Possible
What it is: Black pepper is a common kitchen spice that is generally safe in the amounts used in food.
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Black Pepper + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBog Labrador TeaRhododendron Groenlandicum, bog Tea, continental Tea, +12 more Possible
What it is: Bog Labrador tea is a wetland shrub whose leaves have long been brewed as a traditional beverage and folk remedy, especially among Indigenou...
In vitro research shows that aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Bog Labrador tea leaves can increase the concentration of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Bog Labrador Tea + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBoldoPeumus Boldus, boldine, boldo Folium, +4 more Possible
What it is: Boldo is a South American shrub whose leaves are traditionally used for digestive and gallbladder complaints, but good human evidence is ver...
Theoretically, taking boldo with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of hepatic injury and disease.
Read the full Boldo + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBoswellia SerrataBoswellia Serrata, arbre à Oliban Indien, boswella, +10 more Possible
What it is: Boswellia serrata is a tree resin used in traditional medicine, mainly for joint pain and inflammation.
Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Boswellia Serrata + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBridelia Possible
What it is: Bridelia is a group of tropical plants, with Bridelia ferruginea widely used in traditional African medicine for diabetes, infections, and d...
In animals, Bridelia ferruginea extract has estrogenic effects, although the magnitude of these effects is less than that of ethinylestradiol.
Read the full Bridelia + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBroccoli Possible
What it is: Broccoli is a nutritious cruciferous vegetable rich in fiber, vitamins, and plant compounds like sulforaphane that have drawn scientific int...
Theoretically, broccoli might reduce the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Broccoli + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBrussels Sprout Possible
What it is: Brussels sprouts are a nutritious cruciferous vegetable rich in fiber, vitamin C, vitamin K, and plant compounds called glucosinolates.
Animal research suggests that Brussels sprout can induce cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity.
Read the full Brussels Sprout + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBuchuAgathosma Betulina, anysboegoe, barasmae Folium, +12 more Possible
What it is: Buchu is a fragrant South African shrub whose leaves are traditionally used for urinary and bladder complaints and as a diuretic.
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBulbine Natalensis Possible
What it is: Bulbine natalensis is a South African plant marketed mainly as a testosterone-boosting and libido supplement, but the human evidence is esse...
Theoretically, Bulbine natalensis stem might reduce the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Bulbine Natalensis + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCabbageBrassica Oleracea, cabbage Leaf, chou, +13 more Possible
What it is: Cabbage is a nutritious, low-calorie vegetable that is safe to eat as food and is sometimes applied to the skin as a leaf wrap for breast en...
Theoretically, cabbage might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Cabbage + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCalamusAcorus Calamus, acore Calame, acore Odorant, +20 more Possible
What it is: Calamus is a swamp plant with a long history in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine, mostly for digestive and nervous-system complain...
Theoretically, taking calamus with drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 might increase drug levels and potentially increase the risk of adverse effects.
Read the full Calamus + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCamphor Possible
What it is: Camphor is a strong-smelling compound from the camphor tree (or made synthetically) that is used in many topical rub-on products for muscle...
Theoretically, concomitant use of camphor with other hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Camphor + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCannabinol (cbn) Possible
What it is: Cannabinol (CBN) is a minor cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant, often marketed as a 'sleep' aid, but solid human research is very limit...
Theoretically, CYP3A4 inhibitors might increase the levels and clinical effects of cannabinol.
Read the full Cannabinol (cbn) + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCannabisCannabis Sativa, anashca, banji, +25 more Possible
What it is: Cannabis contains many active compounds, mainly THC (which causes a 'high') and CBD (which does not).
Theoretically, CYP3A4 inhibitors might increase the levels and adverse effects of cannabis.
Read the full Cannabis + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCassia CinnamonCinnamomum Aromaticum, bastard Cinnamon, chinese Cinnamon, +1 more Possible
What it is: Cassia cinnamon is the common, inexpensive cinnamon used in cooking, and it is also taken as a supplement, most often for blood sugar suppor...
Theoretically, large doses of cassia cinnamon might cause additive effects when used with hepatotoxic drugs.
Read the full Cassia Cinnamon + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCat's ClawGriffe Du Chat, hawk's Claw, liane Du Pérou, +4 more Possible
What it is: Cat's claw is a South American vine traditionally used for inflammation, joint pain, and immune support.
Theoretically, cat's claw might increase or decrease the levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Cat's Claw + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCatechuBlack Catechu, acacia Catechu: Acacia à Cachou, acacia Catechu Heartwood Extract, +17 more Possible
What it is: Catechu is an astringent extract made from the heartwood of the Acacia (Senegalia) catechu tree, used traditionally for mouth sores, sore th...
Theoretically, black catechu may increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Catechu + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCauliflower Possible
What it is: Cauliflower is a nutritious cruciferous vegetable that provides vitamin C, fiber, and plant compounds called glucosinolates.
Preliminary clinical evidence suggests that eating cruciferous vegetables, including broccoli, cauliflower, daikon radish sprouts, and cabbage, can increase cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity by 14% to 27%.
Read the full Cauliflower + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCeleryApium Graveolens, ache Des Marais, ajamoda, +13 more Possible
What it is: Celery is a common vegetable that is also taken as a seed extract or oil supplement, mainly for blood pressure, fluid retention, and joint d...
Theoretically, celery might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Celery + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCeylon Leadwort Possible
What it is: Ceylon Leadwort (Plumbago zeylanica) is a plant long used in Ayurvedic and other traditional medicine systems, mainly for digestion, skin pr...
Plumbagin, a constituent of Ceylon leadwort, has been shown to inhibit cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) in vitro.
Read the full Ceylon Leadwort + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionChanca PiedraPhyllanthus Niruri, amli, arranca-pedras, +16 more Possible
What it is: Chanca piedra is a tropical herb traditionally used as a 'stone breaker' for kidney and gallstones, and for liver and urinary health.
Theoretically, chanca piedra might reduce the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Chanca Piedra + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionChaparralLarrea Divaricata, creosote Bush, créosotier, +4 more Possible
What it is: Chaparral is a desert shrub long used in traditional medicine, but there is no reliable proof it treats any condition.
Theoretically, chaparral might have additive adverse effects on the liver when used with hepatotoxic drugs.
Read the full Chaparral + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionChokeberryAronia Arbutifolia, aronia Melanocarpa, aronia Nigra, +1 more Possible
What it is: Chokeberry (aronia) is a dark berry rich in antioxidants called polyphenols, and it's widely eaten as juice, jam, and supplements.
Theoretically, chokeberry might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Chokeberry + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionChrysin Possible
What it is: Chrysin is a plant flavonoid sold mainly as a bodybuilding supplement claimed to raise testosterone or block estrogen, but human studies hav...
Theoretically, chrysin might decrease the effects of estrogen therapy.
Read the full Chrysin + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCloveSyzygium Aromaticum, bourgeon Floral De Clou De Girofle, bouton Floral De Clou De Girofle, +12 more Possible
What it is: Clove is a common cooking spice that is also used in traditional medicine, especially as a topical numbing agent for tooth pain thanks to it...
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionColeus6beta, 17beta-acetoxy-8, 13-epoxy-1alpha, +15 more Possible
What it is: Coleus is a plant from the mint family whose root contains a compound called forskolin, often marketed for weight loss, asthma, and heart he...
Theoretically, taking coleus might decrease serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Coleus + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionComfreySymphytum Officinale, ass Ear, beinwellwurzel, +15 more Possible
What it is: Comfrey is a traditional herb used mainly on the skin for bruises, sprains, and joint pain, and some topical products show modest benefit fo...
Theoretically, comfrey might have additive adverse effects on the liver when used with hepatotoxic drugs.
Read the full Comfrey + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCorydalis Yanhusuo Possible
What it is: Corydalis yanhusuo is a traditional Chinese herb used mainly for pain.
Theoretically, Corydalis yanhusuo might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Corydalis Yanhusuo + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCranberryVaccinium Macrocarpon, agrio, american Cranberry, +16 more Possible
What it is: Cranberry is best known for helping to prevent repeated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in some people, and the evidence here is moderate bu...
Theoretically, cranberry might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Cranberry + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCubebsPiper Cubeba, cubeb, cubeb Berries, +14 more Possible
What it is: Cubebs are spicy, peppery berries from a vine in the pepper family that have long been used in traditional medicine for coughs, digestion, a...
Several compounds isolated from cubebs can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) in vitro.
Read the full Cubebs + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionDandelionTaraxacum Officinale, blowball, cankerwort, +17 more Possible
What it is: Dandelion is a common plant used in food and traditional medicine, often promoted as a natural 'water pill' and digestive aid.
Theoretically, dandelion might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Dandelion + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionDanshenSalvia Bowleyana, ch'ih Shen, chinese Red Sage, +15 more Possible
What it is: Danshen is a root used in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly for heart and circulation problems.
Theoretically, danshen may increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Danshen + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionDelta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (thc)Bho, black Glass, budder, +9 more Possible
What it is: THC is the main mind-altering compound in cannabis and is best known for causing a 'high.' A prescription form (dronabinol) is approved for...
Theoretically, CYP3A4 inhibitors might increase the levels and clinical effects of THC.
Read the full Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (thc) + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionDevil's ClawHarpagophytum Procumbens, devils Claw, devil's Claw Root, +9 more Possible
What it is: Devil's claw is a southern African plant used mainly for arthritis and back pain, and some studies suggest it may help ease these types of d...
Theoretically, devil's claw might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Devil's Claw + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionDhea3b-hydroxy-androst-5-ene-17-one, 3betahydroxy-androst-5-ene-17-one, androstenolone, +4 more Possible
What it is: DHEA is a natural hormone that the body makes and that declines with age, and it is sold as a supplement claiming many benefits.
Theoretically, DHEA might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Dhea + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionDiindolylmethaneDim Possible
What it is: Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a compound made when your body digests cruciferous vegetables, and it is sold as a supplement mainly for hormone b...
Theoretically, diindolylmethane might increase or decrease the effects of estrogens.
Read the full Diindolylmethane + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionDiosmin Possible
What it is: Diosmin is a citrus-derived flavonoid most often used for vein-related problems such as chronic venous insufficiency and hemorrhoids, and it...
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionDong QuaiAngelica Sinensis, angelica China, chinese Angelica, +15 more Possible
What it is: Dong Quai is a traditional Chinese herb often called "female ginseng" and is mostly used for menstrual and menopausal complaints.
Theoretically, dong quai may reduce the effects of estrogens.
Read the full Dong Quai + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionEchinaceaAmerican Cone Flower, black Sampson, black Susans, +7 more Possible
What it is: Echinacea is a popular herb taken to help prevent or shorten the common cold, but study results are mixed and the overall benefit appears sm...
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionEleutheroEleutherococcus Senticosus, acanthopanax Obovatus, ciwujia Root, +13 more Possible
What it is: Eleuthero is an herb traditionally used as an 'adaptogen' to fight fatigue, boost energy, and help the body handle stress.
Theoretically, eleuthero might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Eleuthero + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionEphedraEphedra Distachya, belcho, cao Mahuang, +13 more Possible
What it is: Ephedra (ma huang) contains powerful stimulants like ephedrine that affect the heart and nervous system.
Theoretically, ephedra might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ephedra + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionEpistane Possible
What it is: Epistane is a synthetic anabolic steroid (a methylated 'designer steroid'), not a true dietary supplement or herb, even though it has been s...
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive adverse hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Epistane + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionEquol Possible
What it is: Equol is a compound made in the gut when some people break down soy isoflavones, and it is also sold as a supplement.
Theoretically, equol might increase the levels and clinical effects of estrogens.
Read the full Equol + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionErgotClaviceps Purpurea, cockspur Rye, cornezuelo, +7 more Possible
What it is: Ergot is a toxic fungus that grows on rye and contains powerful chemicals (ergot alkaloids) that strongly narrow blood vessels and squeeze t...
Ergotamine, a constituent of ergot, is a substrate of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Ergot + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionEucalyptusEucalyptus Globulus, blue Gum, blue Mallee, +13 more Possible
What it is: Eucalyptus is best known for its strong-smelling oil used in vapor rubs, inhalants, and lozenges to ease coughs and congestion.
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionEuropean BarberryBerberis Vulgaris, agracejo, barberry, +15 more Possible
What it is: European barberry is a shrub whose root, bark, and berries contain berberine, a bitter plant alkaloid that has been studied mostly in isolat...
Theoretically, European barberry might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full European Barberry + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionFalse UnicornChamaelirium Luteum, alétris, blazing Star, +9 more Possible
What it is: False Unicorn is a North American plant whose root has long been used in traditional medicine for women's reproductive and menstrual concern...
In vitro, false unicorn extract inhibits cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) activity.
Read the full False Unicorn + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionFennelFoeniculum Vulgare, adas, almindelig Fennikel, +20 more Possible
What it is: Fennel is a Mediterranean herb widely used as a food and spice, and traditionally taken for digestive complaints, colic, and menstrual cramp...
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might interfere with hormone replacement therapy due to competition for estrogen receptors.
Read the full Fennel + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionFever BarkAlstonia Constricta, alstonia Bark, australian Febrifuge, +10 more Possible
What it is: Fever bark is the bark of the Australian tree Alstonia constricta, used in traditional medicine for fever, diarrhea, and infections.
Theoretically, CYP3A4 inhibitors might increase the levels and clinical effects of yohimbine, a constituent of fever bark.
Read the full Fever Bark + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionFeverfewTanacetum Parthenium, altamisa, bachelor's Buttons, +13 more Possible
What it is: Feverfew is a daisy-family herb best known for migraine prevention, where some studies suggest it may modestly lower how often migraines occ...
Theoretically, feverfew might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Feverfew + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionFlaxseedLinum Usitatissimum, alasi, aliviraaii, +20 more Possible
What it is: Flaxseed is a nutritious food rich in fiber, omega-3 fats (ALA), and plant compounds called lignans.
Theoretically, taking flaxseed might decrease the effects of estrogens.
Read the full Flaxseed + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGarciniaGarcinia Gummi-gutta, acide Hydroxycitrique, ahc, +11 more Possible
What it is: Garcinia is a tropical fruit whose rind contains hydroxycitric acid (HCA), widely marketed for weight loss and appetite control.
Theoretically, concomitant use with other potentially hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of developing liver damage.
Read the full Garcinia + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGarlicAllium Sativum, aged Black Garlic Extract, aged Garlic Extract, +16 more Possible
What it is: Garlic is a common food and supplement that may modestly help with blood pressure and cholesterol, though the evidence is mixed and effects...
Theoretically, garlic products containing allicin might induce intestinal CYP3A4 and inhibit hepatic CYP3A4.
Read the full Garlic + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGerman ChamomileMatricaria Recutita, blue Chamomile, camomèle, +12 more Possible
What it is: German chamomile is a widely used herbal remedy taken mainly as a tea for calming, sleep, and digestive complaints.
Theoretically, large amounts of German chamomile might reduce the effectiveness of estrogens.
Read the full German Chamomile + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGingerZingiber Officinale, african Ginger, ardraka, +21 more Possible
What it is: Ginger is a widely used culinary spice with a long history in traditional medicine, and it has the strongest evidence for helping with nause...
Ginger might increase or decrease the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Ginger + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGinkgoGinkgo Biloba, abricot Argenté Japonais, adiantifolia, +13 more Possible
What it is: Ginkgo is one of the world's most popular herbal supplements, mostly taken to support memory and circulation.
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGojiLycium Chinense, lycium Barbarum, barberry Matrimony Vine, +15 more Possible
What it is: Goji berries are a nutritious fruit rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and plant polysaccharides, and they are safe for most people as a food.
Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP3A4 and reduce metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Goji + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGoldthreadCoptis Chinensis, cankerroot, chinese Coptis, +13 more Possible
What it is: Goldthread is a traditional Chinese and East Asian herb whose root is rich in berberine, a compound being studied for blood sugar, cholester...
There's very preliminary evidence that berberine, a constituent of goldthread, might inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzyme.
Read the full Goldthread + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGotu KolaCentella Asiatica, asiatic Pennywort, brahma-buti, +12 more Possible
What it is: Gotu kola is a traditional Ayurvedic and Asian herb that people use for wound healing, circulation, skin problems, and as a calming or memor...
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGrapeVitis Vinifera, activin, black Grape Raisins, +10 more Possible
What it is: Grapes and grape products like grape seed extract contain antioxidant compounds such as resveratrol and proanthocyanidins that may support h...
Theoretically, grape juice might reduce the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Grape + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGreater CelandineChelidonium Majus, bai Qu Cai, celandine, +9 more Possible
What it is: Greater celandine is a traditional herb most often promoted for digestive and gallbladder complaints, but solid human evidence for any use i...
There is some concern that greater celandine can adversely affect the liver.
Read the full Greater Celandine + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGuar GumDietary Fiber, farine De Guar, fibre Alimentaire, +10 more Possible
What it is: Guar gum is a soluble, gel-forming fiber from the guar bean that may modestly help with cholesterol, blood sugar, and bowel regularity.
Guar gum might reduce the absorption of some oral drugs, potentially decreasing their effectiveness.
Read the full Guar Gum + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGum ArabicAcacia, acacia Gum, arabic Gum, +16 more Possible
What it is: Gum arabic is a soluble dietary fiber from the acacia tree that is widely used as a safe food additive and is sometimes taken as a supplemen...
Theoretically, gum arabic can alter the absorption of oral drugs due to its fiber content.
Read the full Gum Arabic + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionGymnemaGymnema Sylvestre, gimnema, gur-mar, +14 more Possible
What it is: Gymnema is an Ayurvedic herb best known for possibly helping lower blood sugar and reducing the taste of sweetness on the tongue.
Theoretically, gymnema might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Gymnema + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionHempCannabis Sativa, cheungsam, fiber Hemp, +14 more Possible
What it is: Hemp seeds and hemp seed oil are nutritious foods rich in protein, fiber, and healthy omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, and they are generall...
Theoretically, hemp might interfere with hormone therapy due to its estrogenic effects.
Read the full Hemp + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionHemp AgrimonyEupatorium Cannabinum, alpenkraut, cañamazo, +15 more Possible
What it is: Hemp agrimony is a traditional European herb that has been used for digestion, colds, and as a general tonic, but there is very little relia...
Hemp agrimony contains hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA).
Read the full Hemp Agrimony + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionHesperidinAlpha-glucosyl Hesperidin, alpha-glucosylhesperidin, bioflavonoid, +8 more Possible
What it is: Hesperidin is a flavonoid found in citrus fruits that is often combined with diosmin and used for vein and circulation problems like hemorrh...
Theoretically, hesperidin might inhibit P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux and potentially increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Read the full Hesperidin + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionHigenamine Possible
What it is: Higenamine is a plant-based stimulant compound added to many weight-loss and pre-workout supplements, but there is very little human evidenc...
Theoretically, higenamine might increase the levels and clinical effects drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Higenamine + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionHopsHumulus Lupulus, asperge Sauvage, common Hops, +13 more Possible
What it is: Hops are most often used for sleep and mild anxiety, frequently combined with valerian, but the human evidence is limited and not very stron...
Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of hops might interfere with hormone replacement therapy due to competition for estrogen receptors.
Read the full Hops + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionHorny Goat WeedEpimedium Grandiflorum, barrenwort, Épimède, +10 more Possible
What it is: Horny goat weed (Epimedium) is a traditional Chinese herb most often marketed for low libido and erectile problems, but solid human evidence...
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionHu Zhang Possible
What it is: Hu Zhang (Japanese knotweed root) is a traditional Chinese herb that is one of the richest natural sources of resveratrol and emodin.
Theoretically, hu zhang might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Hu Zhang + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionIndian Long PepperPiper Longum, bi Ba, bi Bo, +17 more Possible
What it is: Indian long pepper (pippali) is a spice long used in Ayurvedic medicine and is best known for its piperine content, which may increase how w...
Theoretically, Indian long pepper might increase the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Indian Long Pepper + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionIndole-3-carbinol Possible
What it is: Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a compound formed when you eat cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cabbage, and it is sold as a supplement m...
Theoretically, indole-3-carbinol might increase the metabolism of CYP1A2 substrates and lower serum concentrations.
Read the full Indole-3-carbinol + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionIpriflavone7-isopropoxyisoflavone, ipriflavona Possible
What it is: Ipriflavone is a synthetic isoflavone studied mainly for bone health and osteoporosis, but high-quality research has not shown that it relia...
Ipriflavone is thought to competitively inhibit cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2).
Read the full Ipriflavone + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionKavaPiper Methysticum, ava Pepper, ava Root, +20 more Possible
What it is: Kava is a Pacific Island plant traditionally used to promote relaxation and ease anxiety, and some studies suggest it may help mild anxiety.
Theoretically, using kava with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Kava + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionKhellaAmmi Visnaga, ammi Daucoides, daucus Visnaga, +13 more Possible
What it is: Khella is a Mediterranean herb whose seeds contain compounds like khellin that may relax smooth muscle in the airways and blood vessels.
Theoretically, khella might have additive adverse effects on the liver when used with hepatotoxic drugs.
Read the full Khella + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionKratomMitragyna Speciosa, biak-biak, cratom, +16 more Possible
What it is: Kratom is a Southeast Asian plant whose leaves act on the brain's opioid receptors and can produce both stimulant-like and opioid-like effec...
Theoretically, kratom might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Kratom + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionKudzuPueraria Montana, bidarikand, bilaikanda, +18 more Possible
What it is: Kudzu is a fast-growing vine whose root has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine and is now studied mostly for reducing alcohol in...
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Kudzu + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionLemongrassCymbopogon Citratus, abafado, cana Santa, +17 more Possible
What it is: Lemongrass is a fragrant tropical grass widely used as a cooking herb, a tea, and an aromatherapy oil.
Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Lemongrass + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionLentinanBeta-glucan Lentinan, lentinane, lentinus Edodes Polysaccharide, +4 more Possible
What it is: Lentinan is a beta-glucan polysaccharide from shiitake mushrooms that is studied mainly as an immune-modulating add-on to cancer chemotherap...
Laboratory evidence suggests that lentinan might increase the activity of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2).
Read the full Lentinan + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionLicoriceGlycyrrhiza Echinate, alcacuz, bois Doux, +17 more Possible
What it is: Licorice root is a traditional remedy used for sore throats, coughs, and digestive complaints, but solid human evidence is limited for most...
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease the effects of estrogen therapy.
Read the full Licorice + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionLigandrol Possible
What it is: Ligandrol (LGD-4033) is a synthetic selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM), not a natural herb or approved dietary supplement.
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Ligandrol + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionLimeCitrus Aurantifolia, adam's Apple, bara Nimbu, +11 more Possible
What it is: Lime is a common citrus fruit and a good natural source of vitamin C and plant antioxidants.
Animal research shows that phenolics in lime juice inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4.
Read the full Lime + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionLimonene Possible
What it is: Limonene is a natural compound found in the peel of citrus fruits like oranges and lemons, and it is used as a flavoring agent and dietary s...
There's preliminary evidence that limonene might be a substrate for cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19).
Read the full Limonene + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionMace Possible
What it is: Mace is the lacy red covering of the nutmeg seed and comes from the same tree as nutmeg.
Animal research suggests that intraperitoneal injections of myristicin, a constituent of mace, can induce cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) enzyme system.
Read the full Mace + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionManchurian Thorn Possible
What it is: Manchurian Thorn (Aralia elata) is a thorny shrub or small tree used in traditional East Asian medicine, mainly for blood sugar, joint pain,...
Animal research suggests that high doses of Manchurian thorn can induce liver damage.
Read the full Manchurian Thorn + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionMethoxylated Flavones Possible
What it is: Methoxylated flavones (often called polymethoxyflavones) are a group of plant compounds, found mainly in citrus peel, that include substance...
Some in vitro evidence suggests that methoxylated flavones might induce CYP1A2, possibly by increasing gene transcription.
Read the full Methoxylated Flavones + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionMoringaMoringa Oleifera Possible
What it is: Moringa is a nutrient-rich plant whose leaves are widely used as a food and supplement, especially in parts of the world where malnutrition...
Theoretically, moringa might increase or decrease levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Moringa + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionNeemAzadirachta Indica, arishta, arishtha, +18 more Possible
What it is: Neem is a tree from India used for centuries in traditional medicine, especially for skin, dental, and antimicrobial purposes.
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Neem + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionNiacin3-pyridinecarboxylic Acid, vitamin B3 Possible
What it is: Niacin (vitamin B3) is an essential nutrient your body needs for energy and metabolism, and deficiency is uncommon in most developed countri...
Theoretically, concomitant use of niacin and hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of hepatotoxicity.
Read the full Niacin + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionNoniMorinda Citrifolia, ba Ji Tian, bois Douleur, +17 more Possible
What it is: Noni is a tropical fruit used widely in folk medicine and sold mostly as a juice or supplement, but solid human evidence for its many claime...
Theoretically, taking noni with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Noni + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionNutmegMyristica Fragrans, buah Pala, jaatipatree, +14 more Possible
What it is: Nutmeg is a popular cooking spice that has long been used in traditional medicine for digestion and other complaints, but there is little so...
Theoretically, nutmeg might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Nutmeg + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionOregon GrapeMahonia Aquifolium, barberry, berberis, +13 more Possible
What it is: Oregon grape is a shrub whose root contains berberine and related compounds.
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Oregon Grape + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionOstarine Possible
What it is: Ostarine (also called MK-2866 or enobosarm) is an experimental, unapproved drug known as a SARM (selective androgen receptor modulator), not...
Theoretically, concomitant use with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of adverse hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Ostarine + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPadang Cassia Possible
What it is: Padang Cassia is a type of cinnamon (Indonesian or Korintje cinnamon) grown mainly in Indonesia and used widely as a kitchen spice.
There is some concern that ingesting large amounts of Padang cassia might cause hepatotoxicity in some people.
Read the full Padang Cassia + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPanax GinsengAsian Ginseng, asiatic Ginseng, chinese Ginseng, +12 more Possible
What it is: Panax ginseng is a popular traditional herb used to boost energy, ease stress, and support overall wellness, though scientific evidence is m...
Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of Panax ginseng might interfere with hormone replacement therapy.
Read the full Panax Ginseng + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPanax NotoginsengPanax Notoginseng, field Seven, noto-gin, +15 more Possible
What it is: Panax notoginseng (sanqi or tienchi ginseng) is a traditional Chinese herb most often used to help with bleeding, bruising, and circulation.
Theoretically, taking Panax notoginseng might reduce the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Panax Notoginseng + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionParsleyPetroselinum Crispum, common Parsley, garden Parsley, +16 more Possible
What it is: Parsley is a popular culinary herb that is safe to eat in normal food amounts and is a good source of vitamins K and C.
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPeonyPaeonia Lactiflora, bai Shao, chi Shao, +17 more Possible
What it is: Peony root is a traditional Chinese medicine herb often used for menstrual problems, cramps, and inflammation, frequently as part of combina...
Theoretically, use of peony may increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Peony + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPeppermintMentha X Piperita, black Peppermint, brandy Mint, +12 more Possible
What it is: Peppermint is a popular herb with the best evidence supporting enteric-coated peppermint oil for easing IBS symptoms.
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPhellodendronPhellodendron Amurense, amur Cork Bark, amur Cork Tree, +7 more Possible
What it is: Phellodendron is a traditional Chinese medicine bark (Huang Bai) that contains berberine and other plant compounds with antimicrobial and an...
Theoretically, phellodendron might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Phellodendron + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPleurisy Root Possible
What it is: Pleurisy root is the dried root of Asclepias tuberosa (butterfly weed), a plant used in traditional North American and herbal medicine mainl...
Theoretically, excessive amounts of pleurisy root might interfere with hormone drug therapy.
Read the full Pleurisy Root + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPregnenolone Possible
What it is: Pregnenolone is a hormone your body makes naturally and a building block for other hormones like cortisol, DHEA, estrogen, and testosterone.
Theoretically, taking pregnenolone might enhance the effects of estrogens.
Read the full Pregnenolone + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionProgesterone Possible
What it is: Progesterone is a natural hormone, and prescription forms are used for fertility support, menstrual problems, and hormone therapy.
Theoretically, using estrogen along with progesterone supplements or non-prescription bioidentical progesterone products might alter the effects of estrogen.
Read the full Progesterone + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPropolisAcide De Cire D'abeille, baume De Propolis, bee Glue, +12 more Possible
What it is: Propolis is a natural, resin-like substance made by bees that has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties in lab studies.
Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Propolis + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionQuercetin7-pentahydroxyflavone, bioflavonoid, bioflavonoid Complex, +9 more Possible
What it is: Quercetin is a plant flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties found in many common foods and sold as a supplement.
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Quercetin + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionRabdosia RubescensRabdosia Rubescens, bing Ling Cao, blushred Rabdosia, +5 more Possible
What it is: Rabdosia rubescens is a Chinese herb traditionally used for sore throats, inflammation, and infections, and its compound oridonin has drawn...
In vitro research shows that oridonin, a constituent of Rabdosia rubescens, induces cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzyme.
Read the full Rabdosia Rubescens + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionRed Yeast RiceMonascus Purpureus, cholestin, hong Qu, +19 more Possible
What it is: Red yeast rice contains monacolin K, which is chemically identical to the prescription statin lovastatin, and it can lower LDL ('bad') chole...
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Red Yeast Rice + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionResveratrolExtrait De Vin, extrait De Vin Rouge, kojo-kon, +16 more Possible
What it is: Resveratrol is a plant compound found in red grapes, berries, and peanuts that is popular for heart health, anti-aging, and antioxidant supp...
Theoretically, resveratrol might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Resveratrol + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionRhodiolaRhodiola Rosea, arctic Root, golden Root, +12 more Possible
What it is: Rhodiola is an herb traditionally used to fight fatigue and help the body cope with stress.
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Rhodiola + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionRhubarbRheum Officinale, chinese Rhubarb, da Huang, +13 more Possible
What it is: Rhubarb root has a long history of use as a laxative and in traditional Chinese medicine, and its edible stalks are a common food.
Theoretically, concomitant use of rhubarb with potentially hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of developing liver damage.
Read the full Rhubarb + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionRooibosAspalathus Linearis, green Red Bush, infusion Rooibos, +9 more Possible
What it is: Rooibos is a caffeine-free herbal tea from South Africa that is rich in antioxidants and generally considered safe as a beverage.
Theoretically, taking rooibos with CYP1A2 substrates may increase the effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Rooibos + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionRose HipRosa Alba, cynorhodon, cynosbatos, +22 more Possible
What it is: Rose hip is the vitamin C–rich fruit of the wild rose, used traditionally for colds and joint pain.
Theoretically, rose hip might increase blood levels of estrogens.
Read the full Rose Hip + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSageSalvia Officinalis, broadleaf Sage, common Sage, +14 more Possible
What it is: Sage is a common kitchen herb that is generally safe in food amounts and is traditionally used for sore throats, digestion, sweating, and me...
Theoretically, sage might interfere with hormone therapy.
Read the full Sage + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSaigon Cinnamon Possible
What it is: Saigon cinnamon is a flavorful spice from a Cinnamomum tree grown mainly in Vietnam, and it is a type of 'cassia' cinnamon.
Theoretically, Saigon cinnamon might cause additive effects when used with hepatotoxic drugs.
Read the full Saigon Cinnamon + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSaw PalmettoSerenoa Repens, american Dwarf Palm Tree, baies Du Palmier Scie, +8 more Possible
What it is: Saw palmetto is a plant extract most often used for urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate (BPH).
Saw palmetto might reduce the effectiveness of estrogens.
Read the full Saw Palmetto + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSchizonepeta Possible
What it is: Schizonepeta is a mint-family herb long used in traditional Chinese medicine, usually as part of combination formulas for colds, fevers, and...
Animal research suggests that schizonepetin, a monoterpene constituent of schizonepeta, inhibits cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2.
Read the full Schizonepeta + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSennaSenna Alexandrina, alexandrian Senna, alexandrinische Senna, +13 more Possible
What it is: Senna is a plant-based stimulant laxative that is widely used and generally effective for short-term relief of constipation.
Theoretically, taking senna may interfere with the absorption of exogenous estrogens.
Read the full Senna + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSlippery ElmIndian Elm, moose Elm, olmo Americano, +7 more Possible
What it is: Slippery elm is a traditional herbal remedy made from the inner bark of a North American elm tree, used mainly to soothe sore throats and ir...
Theoretically, slippery elm may slow the absorption and reduce serum levels of oral drugs.
Read the full Slippery Elm + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSoy Possible
What it is: Soy is a nutritious bean that is a staple food and a popular source of plant protein and isoflavones.
Theoretically, soy might competitively inhibit the effects of estrogen replacement therapy.
Read the full Soy + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSpearmintMentha Spicata, curled Mint, fish Mint, +16 more Possible
What it is: Spearmint is a common culinary mint that is generally safe in food and tea amounts.
Theoretically, high doses of spearmint might increase the risk of liver damage when taken with hepatotoxic drugs.
Read the full Spearmint + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionStrawberry Possible
What it is: Strawberry is a popular, nutrient-rich fruit that supplies vitamin C, fiber, and antioxidant plant compounds.
In vitro research suggests that strawberry extract can inhibit p-glycoprotein efflux.
Read the full Strawberry + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionStrontium Possible
What it is: Strontium is a mineral that has been studied mainly for bone health and osteoporosis.
Theoretically, estrogens might reduce the excretion of strontium, potentially increasing its effects and adverse effects.
Read the full Strontium + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSulforaphane Possible
What it is: Sulforaphane is a natural compound found in broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables that has shown promising antioxidant and anti-inflamma...
Theoretically, sulforaphane might alter the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Sulforaphane + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSweet AnnieArtemisia Annua, absinthe Sauvage, ajenjo Silvestre, +11 more Possible
What it is: Sweet Annie (Artemisia annua) is the source of artemisinin, a compound used in prescription antimalarial drugs.
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive adverse hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Sweet Annie + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSweet CloverMelilotus Officinalis, angipars, casse Lunettes, +14 more Possible
What it is: Sweet clover is a traditional European herb most often promoted for vein problems and leg swelling, but high-quality human evidence is limit...
Theoretically, concomitant use of sweet clover with hepatoxic drugs might increase the risk of hepatotoxicity.
Read the full Sweet Clover + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSweet OrangeCitrus Sinensis, blood Orange, citri Sinensis, +14 more Possible
What it is: Sweet orange is a common citrus fruit that is a good source of vitamin C, fiber, and antioxidants, and is enjoyed as a food worldwide.
Sweet orange juice seems to modulate P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which might affect the blood levels of P-gp substrates.
Read the full Sweet Orange + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSyrian Rue Possible
What it is: Syrian Rue (Peganum harmala) is a traditional plant whose seeds contain potent compounds called harmala alkaloids, including MAO-inhibiting...
Theoretically, high doses of Syrian rue might increase the risk of liver damage when taken with hepatotoxic drugs.
Read the full Syrian Rue + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionTerminaliaTerminalia Arjuna, abhaya, amandier Indien, +19 more Possible
What it is: Terminalia is a group of traditional Ayurvedic tree species (most notably Terminalia arjuna) used for heart, digestive, and general wellness...
Theoretically, use of Terminalia arjuna may increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Terminalia + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionTestolone Possible
What it is: Testolone (RAD-140) is a synthetic experimental drug called a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM), not a dietary supplement or herb...
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Testolone + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionThunder God VineTripterygium Wilfordii, huang-t'eng Ken, lei Gong Teng, +8 more Possible
What it is: Thunder God Vine is a Chinese herb studied mainly for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune conditions, with some promising but limited...
Theoretically, thunder god vine might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Thunder God Vine + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionThymeThymus Vulgaris, farigoule, farigoulette, +14 more Possible
What it is: Thyme is a common kitchen herb that has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and digestive complaints.
Theoretically, thyme might competitively inhibit the effects of estrogen replacement therapy.
Read the full Thyme + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionTinospora Cordifolia Possible
What it is: Tinospora cordifolia, known as Guduchi or Giloy in Ayurvedic medicine, is a climbing plant traditionally used to support immunity and treat...
Theoretically, Tinospora cordifolia might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Tinospora Cordifolia + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionTragacanthAdragante, astragale Adragant, astragale De Marseille, +14 more Possible
What it is: Tragacanth is a plant gum used mainly as a thickener and emulsifier in foods, cosmetics, and medicines, and traditionally to soothe the thro...
Theoretically, tragacanth might alter absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Tragacanth + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionTurmericCurcuma Longa, curcuma, curcumae Longa, +17 more Possible
What it is: Turmeric is a popular spice whose main active compounds, curcuminoids, are studied mostly for inflammation and joint pain.
Theoretically, turmeric might increase the risk of liver damage when taken with hepatotoxic drugs.
Read the full Turmeric + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionUva UrsiArctostaphylos Uva-ursi, arberry, arbousier, +16 more Possible
What it is: Uva ursi is a traditional herb used mainly for urinary tract infections, and its leaves contain a compound called arbutin that may have anti...
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Uva Ursi + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionVitamin A Possible
What it is: Vitamin A is an essential nutrient important for vision, skin, immune function, and growth.
Theoretically, taking high doses of vitamin A in combination with other potentially hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver disease.
Read the full Vitamin A + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionVitamin EAlpha-tocopherol, beta-tocopherol, delta-tocopherol, +1 more Possible
What it is: Vitamin E is an essential fat-soluble vitamin and antioxidant that most people get in adequate amounts from a normal diet.
Theoretically, vitamin E might induce metabolism of CYP3A4, possibly reducing the levels CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Vitamin E + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionWheatgrassTriticum Aestivum, agropyre, blé En Herbe, +7 more Possible
What it is: Wheatgrass is the young grass of the wheat plant, taken as a juice or powder, and is mainly used as a concentrated source of vitamins and pl...
Theoretically, wheatgrass might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Wheatgrass + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionWhite Pepper Possible
What it is: White pepper comes from the same plant as black pepper and is mostly used as a kitchen spice.
In vitro evidence suggests that piperine, a constituent of white pepper, inhibits cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full White Pepper + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionWild CherryPrunus Serotine, american Black Cherry, bird Cherry, +12 more Possible
What it is: Wild cherry bark is a traditional cough remedy found in many old-fashioned cough syrups and lozenges, but there is little modern scientific...
In vitro research suggests that wild cherry can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Read the full Wild Cherry + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionWild Yam Possible
What it is: Wild yam is a root traditionally used for menopausal symptoms, cramps, and as a so-called 'natural' hormone supplement, but solid human evid...
Theoretically, wild yam might increase or decrease the effects of estrogen.
Read the full Wild Yam + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionYohimbePausinystalia Yohimbe, 11-hydroxy Yohimbine, coryanthe Yohimbe, +7 more Possible
What it is: Yohimbe is a West African tree bark that contains yohimbine, a compound mainly promoted for erectile dysfunction and as an aphrodisiac.
Theoretically, CYP3A4 inhibitors might increase the levels and adverse effects of yohimbine, a constituent of yohimbe bark.
Read the full Yohimbe + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionZedoary Possible
What it is: Zedoary is a ginger-family root used in traditional Asian and Indian medicine, mostly for digestion and as a spice.
Theoretically, zedoary might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Zedoary + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionZizyphusZiziphus Jujuba, anèbe, annab, +20 more Possible
What it is: Zizyphus (jujube) is an edible fruit and traditional remedy used mainly for sleep, anxiety, and digestion.
Theoretically, zizyphus might decrease the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Zizyphus + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionThyroid Extract Likely
What it is: Thyroid extract supplements are made from dried animal thyroid gland and may contain real thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), but the amounts in o...
Food and medications can interfere with thyroid hormone absorption.
Read the full Thyroid Extract + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAcerolaMalpighia Emarginata, acerola Cherry, barbados Cherry, +9 more Possible
What it is: Acerola is a small tropical fruit prized for its very high natural vitamin C content, and it is mostly used as a food-based source of vitami...
Theoretically, concomitant use of acerola with estrogens might increase estrogenic effects.
Read the full Acerola + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAegeline Possible
What it is: Aegeline is a compound originally identified in the bael tree (Aegle marmelos) that gained attention because it was added to some weight-los...
Aegeline inhibits cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) activity in vitro.
Read the full Aegeline + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAgarAgar-agar, agarose, agarose Gel, +17 more Possible
What it is: Agar is a plant-based gel made from red seaweed that is widely used as a vegetarian alternative to gelatin and as a source of dietary fiber.
Agar forms a thick gel, which may disrupt the absorption of nutrients and medications.
Read the full Agar + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAlginAlginate, alginate De Calcium, alginate De Magnésium, +12 more Possible
What it is: Algin (alginate) is a fiber-like substance from brown seaweed that is widely used as a thickener, gel, and binder in foods and medicines.
Theoretically, algin can alter the absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Algin + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAloeAloe Vera, aloe Capensis, aloe Gel, +18 more Possible
What it is: Aloe vera gel is widely used on the skin for minor burns and irritation, and some research suggests it may help.
Theoretically, aloe might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Aloe + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionAtractylodesAtractylodes Lancea, amk, atr, +9 more Possible
What it is: Atractylodes is a root used for centuries in traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Thai medicine, mostly for digestive complaints and fatigue,...
Theoretically, atractylodes might decrease the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Atractylodes + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBaelAegle Marmelos, arbre De Bael, bael Tree, +16 more Possible
What it is: Bael is a fruit-bearing tree long used in traditional Indian (Ayurvedic) medicine, mostly for digestive problems like diarrhea and indigesti...
Bael extract and its constituent marmesinin inhibited cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity in vitro.
Read the full Bael + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBlack PsylliumAfrican Plantain, brown Psyllium, dietary Fiber, +16 more Possible
What it is: Black psyllium is a soluble-fiber supplement made from the seeds of a Plantago plant, used mostly to ease constipation and support digestive...
Theoretically, psyllium might increase, decrease, or have no effect on the absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Black Psyllium + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBlond PsylliumPlantago Ovata, balle De Psyllium, blond Plantago, +14 more Possible
What it is: Blond psyllium is a soluble fiber from the seed husks of Plantago ovata, and it is one of the better-studied fiber supplements.
Theoretically, psyllium might increase, decrease, or have no effect on the absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Blond Psyllium + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBreadfruit Possible
What it is: Breadfruit is a starchy tropical fruit eaten as a staple food, and its leaves are used in traditional medicine for conditions like high bloo...
Theoretically, breadfruit might inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and increase levels of drugs metabolized by these enzymes; until more is known, use with caution.
Read the full Breadfruit + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionBroccoli Sprout Possible
What it is: Broccoli sprouts are young broccoli seedlings rich in a compound called sulforaphane, which is being studied for antioxidant, anti-inflammat...
Theoretically, broccoli sprout might reduce levels and effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Broccoli Sprout + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCarobCeratonia Siliqua, algarrobo, carob Flour, +16 more Possible
What it is: Carob is a Mediterranean tree whose pods are widely used as a caffeine-free, naturally sweet cocoa alternative and as a thickener (carob gum...
Theoretically, carob might also impair the absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Carob + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCascara SagradaFrangula Purshiana, rhamnus Purshiana, bitter Bark, +13 more Possible
What it is: Cascara sagrada is a stimulant laxative made from the aged bark of a Pacific Northwest tree, used mainly for short-term relief of constipati...
Theoretically, cascara sagrada might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Cascara Sagrada + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCopper Possible
What it is: Copper is an essential trace mineral your body needs in small amounts for making red blood cells, supporting nerves and bones, and helping e...
Theoretically, taking copper with contraceptive drugs might increase the levels and toxic effects of copper.
Read the full Copper + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionEurycoma LongifoliaAkar Pasak Bumi, ali's Umbrella, ali's Walking Stick, +17 more Possible
What it is: Eurycoma longifolia (tongkat ali) is a Southeast Asian herb most popular for supporting testosterone, libido, and male fertility, with some...
Theoretically, Eurycoma longifolia might increase levels CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eurycoma Longifolia + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionFucus VesiculosusBlack Tang, bladder Fucus, bladder Wrack, +14 more Possible
What it is: Fucus vesiculosus (bladderwrack) is a brown seaweed rich in iodine that has been used traditionally for thyroid concerns, weight, and skin.
Theoretically, concomitant use of Fucus vesiculosus with CYP3A4 substrates might increase the risk for adverse effects.
Read the full Fucus Vesiculosus + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionHibiscus SabdariffaHibiscus Sabdariffa, agua De Jamaica, ambashthaki, +16 more Possible
What it is: Hibiscus sabdariffa is a tart, cranberry-flavored plant most often consumed as a tea, and its best-studied use is for mildly lowering blood...
Theoretically, Hibiscus sabdariffa extract might reduce the metabolism of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Hibiscus Sabdariffa + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionHoneyBeri Honey, blossom Honey, buckwheat Honey, +13 more Possible
What it is: Honey is a natural food with some real, modest evidence for easing coughs and helping certain wounds, especially when special medical-grade...
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionKaraya GumBassora Tragacanth, goma Karaya, gomme Karaya, +14 more Possible
What it is: Karaya gum is a natural plant gum from the Sterculia tree that is mostly used as a bulk-forming laxative and as a thickener or adhesive in f...
Co-administration of oral drugs with bulk forming laxatives such as karaya gum may decrease, increase, or have no effect on the absorption of drugs.
Read the full Karaya Gum + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionMarshmallowAlthaea Officinalis, altea, alteia, +16 more Possible
What it is: Marshmallow root is a traditional herb rich in soothing, gel-like fibers called mucilage, which is why it has long been used for coughs, sor...
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionMilk ThistleSilybum Marianum, artichaut Sauvage, blessed Milk Thistle, +12 more Possible
What it is: Milk thistle is a popular herbal supplement most often used for liver health, and its main active component is a group of compounds called s...
Theoretically, milk thistle might interfere with estrogen therapy through competition for estrogen receptors.
Read the full Milk Thistle + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPassion FlowerPassiflora Incarnata, apricot Vine, burucuya, +18 more Possible
What it is: Passion flower is a traditional calming herb that many people use for anxiety and sleep.
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passion Flower + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPuravive Possible
What it is: Puravive is a branded, multi-ingredient capsule marketed mainly for weight loss by claiming to boost brown fat activity, but there is no pub...
Puravive contains Panax ginseng.
Read the full Puravive + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSelenium Possible
What it is: Selenium is an essential trace mineral your body needs in small amounts for thyroid function, antioxidant defense, and immune health.
Contraceptive drugs might increase levels of selenium, although the clinical significance of this effect is unclear.
Read the full Selenium + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionSesame Possible
What it is: Sesame is a nutritious seed and oil widely used in cooking and traditional medicine, and it provides healthy fats, fiber, and antioxidant co...
Theoretically, sesame might alter the transport of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Sesame + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionValerianValeriana Officinalis, all-heal, amantilla, +10 more Possible
What it is: Valerian is an herb whose root is widely used as a natural sleep aid and for calming nerves.
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Valerian + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionVitamin DErgocalciferol, cholecalciferol Possible
What it is: Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps your body absorb calcium and is important for healthy bones, muscles, and immune function.
Vitamin D might induce CYP3A4 enzymes and reduce the bioavailability of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Vitamin D + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionXanthan GumBacterial Polysaccharide, corn Sugar Gum, goma Xantana, +7 more Possible
What it is: Xanthan gum is a fermentation-made fiber widely used to thicken and stabilize foods and to thicken liquids for people with swallowing diffic...
Theoretically, xanthan gum can alter the absorption of oral drugs due to its fiber qualities.
Read the full Xanthan Gum + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionDeer VelvetCervus Nippon, antler Velvet, deer Antler, +10 more Unlikely
What it is: Deer velvet is a traditional remedy made from the soft, growing antlers of deer or elk, and it is most often promoted for energy, athletic p...
Theoretically, deer velvet might increase the effects and side effects of estrogens.
Read the full Deer Velvet + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionHumann Superbeets Heart Chews Unlikely
What it is: SuperBeets Heart Chews are a beetroot- and grape-seed-based supplement marketed to support healthy blood flow, blood pressure, and nitric ox...
Each serving of HumanN SuperBeets includes 150mg of grape seed extract (2 chews).
Read the full Humann Superbeets Heart Chews + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionJequirityAbrus Precatorius, bead Vine, black-eyed Susan, +19 more Unlikely
What it is: Jequirity (Abrus precatorius) is a tropical plant whose bright red, black-tipped seeds contain abrin, one of the most toxic plant proteins k...
In vitro research shows that jequirity extract inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes.
Read the full Jequirity + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionMommy's Bliss Gripe Water Unlikely
What it is: Mommy's Bliss Gripe Water is a sugar-free, alcohol-free liquid made with fennel and ginger that parents use to soothe gassy, colicky, or fus...
Mommy's Bliss Gripe Water contains fennel seed.
Read the full Mommy's Bliss Gripe Water + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPolypodium Leucotomos Unlikely
What it is: Polypodium leucotomos is a fern extract taken by mouth, mostly studied as an add-on to (not a replacement for) sunscreen and for certain lig...
Theoretically, Polypodium leucotomos might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Polypodium Leucotomos + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionPomegranatePunica Granatum, anardana, dadim, +14 more Unlikely
What it is: Pomegranate is a nutrient-rich fruit that is high in antioxidants and is widely enjoyed as food and juice.
Theoretically, pomegranate might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but most research suggests this interaction is unlikely to be clinically significant.
Read the full Pomegranate + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionRosemaryRosmarinus Officinalis, alecrim, compass Plant, +14 more Unlikely
What it is: Rosemary is a fragrant Mediterranean herb that is safe and flavorful in normal food amounts.
Theoretically, rosemary might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Rosemary + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionTangerine Unlikely
What it is: Tangerine is a sweet citrus fruit that is a good source of vitamin C and other nutrients, and is widely enjoyed as food.
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionTurpentine OilPinus Palustris, aceite De Trementina, essence De Térébenthine, +9 more Unlikely
What it is: Turpentine oil is a strong-smelling pine resin product used mostly in tiny amounts in topical rubs for muscle aches and congestion.
There is some concern that turpentine oil can inhibit CYP1A2 enzyme activity by up to 90% via induction of inflammation and subsequent downregulation of CYP activity.
Read the full Turpentine Oil + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionCan You Take It With Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
One-line answers, one card per combination — scroll through today’s 20 and tap any card for the full report. A different set rotates in daily until every combination has had its turn.
Can you take St. John's Wort with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Major Use real caution — this is a major-rated interaction, generally best avoided or used only under close supervision. St.
Full St. John's Wort + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Rosemary with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Minor Usually — this is a minor-rated interaction, generally not clinically significant but worth mentioning to your pharmacist. Theoretically, rosemary might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Full Rosemary + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Tangerine with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Minor Usually — this is a minor-rated interaction, generally not clinically significant but worth mentioning to your pharmacist. In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Full Tangerine + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Turpentine Oil with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Minor Usually — this is a minor-rated interaction, generally not clinically significant but worth mentioning to your pharmacist. There is some concern that turpentine oil can inhibit CYP1A2 enzyme activity by up to 90% via induction of inflammation and subsequent downr...
Full Turpentine Oil + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Grapefruit with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Major Use real caution — this is a major-rated interaction, generally best avoided or used only under close supervision. Grapefruit juice can increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Full Grapefruit + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Siberian Cocklebur with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Major Use real caution — this is a major-rated interaction, generally best avoided or used only under close supervision. Siberian cocklebur can adversely affect the liver.
Full Siberian Cocklebur + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Activated Charcoal with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Major Use real caution — this is a major-rated interaction, generally best avoided or used only under close supervision. Activated charcoal reduces systemic exposure to many drugs, including those that undergo enterohepatic recirculation, regardless of the rout...
Full Activated Charcoal + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Beer with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Major Use real caution — this is a major-rated interaction, generally best avoided or used only under close supervision. Concomitant use of alcohol with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of hepatotoxicity.
Full Beer + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Wine with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Major Use real caution — this is a major-rated interaction, generally best avoided or used only under close supervision. Concomitant use of alcohol with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of hepatotoxicity.
Full Wine + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Black Tea with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Moderate Possibly, but carefully — this moderate-rated combination may need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separated timing. Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Full Black Tea + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Caffeine with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Moderate Possibly, but carefully — this moderate-rated combination may need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separated timing. Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Full Caffeine + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Cannabidiol (cbd) with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Moderate Possibly, but carefully — this moderate-rated combination may need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separated timing. Cannabidiol may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Full Cannabidiol (cbd) + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Cocoa with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Moderate Possibly, but carefully — this moderate-rated combination may need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separated timing. Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Full Cocoa + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Coffee with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Moderate Possibly, but carefully — this moderate-rated combination may need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separated timing. Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Full Coffee + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Coffee Charcoal with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Moderate Possibly, but carefully — this moderate-rated combination may need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separated timing. Coffee charcoal can reduce the absorption of orally administered drugs and should be separated from oral drug administration by at least two...
Full Coffee Charcoal + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Cola Nut with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Moderate Possibly, but carefully — this moderate-rated combination may need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separated timing. Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of the caffeine in cola nut.
Full Cola Nut + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take European Mandrake with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Moderate Possibly, but carefully — this moderate-rated combination may need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separated timing. Theoretically, concurrent use might increase absorption of some drugs because of inhibited gastrointestinal (GI) motility caused by European...
Full European Mandrake + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Evodia with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Moderate Possibly, but carefully — this moderate-rated combination may need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separated timing. Evodia might reduce the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates through induction of CYP1A2.
Full Evodia + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Fish Oil with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Moderate Possibly, but carefully — this moderate-rated combination may need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separated timing. Theoretically, taking fish oil with contraceptive drugs might decrease the triglyceride-lowering effects of fish oil.
Full Fish Oil + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerCan you take Fo-ti with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Moderate Possibly, but carefully — this moderate-rated combination may need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separated timing. Theoretically, taking large amounts of fo-ti might interfere with hormone replacement therapy through competition for estrogen receptors.
Full Fo-ti + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate answerWhat Severity, Likelihood & Evidence Mean
Severity — How Serious It Can Be
- Major. Clinically significant; generally best avoided, or used only under direct professional supervision.
- Moderate. May need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one.
- Minor. Generally not clinically significant, but still worth noting and mentioning to your pharmacist.
- No known interaction. Checked against our sources with nothing documented — not the same as proven safety.
Likelihood — How Well It’s Documented
- Likely. Well-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction
- Probable. Interaction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
- Possible. Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists
- Unlikely. Interaction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.
Where This Data Comes From
- Interaction records are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database (TRC Healthcare), the same reference used by pharmacists and hospitals.
- Each entry links to a full report with the clinical detail, likelihood, evidence level, and citations for that exact combination.
- Content is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.
How Does Our Interaction Checker Work?
Behind every verdict on this page is a category system. Our source database doesn’t document supplement interactions drug-by-drug — it documents them against groups of medications that behave the same way (for example, “drugs processed by the CYP3A4 liver enzyme” or “blood-thinning medications”).
So the check works in three steps: (1) Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate is classified into the pharmacology categories it belongs to, (2) every supplement interaction documented against any of those categories is inherited by Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate, and (3) each ingredient keeps its own severity, likelihood, and evidence grades from the underlying record. That’s why one supplement can carry several records for one drug — it may interact through more than one category.
Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate sits in 13 interaction categories. Open any one to see what the group means:
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates 121 ingredients
A drug-metabolism group: these medications are processed by the named liver enzyme (a cytochrome P450). Supplements that speed this enzyme up or slow it down can lower or raise the medication's levels in your body.
121 of the supplement ingredients on this page reach Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates 79 ingredients
A drug-metabolism group: these medications are processed by the named liver enzyme (a cytochrome P450). Supplements that speed this enzyme up or slow it down can lower or raise the medication's levels in your body.
79 of the supplement ingredients on this page reach Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
Estrogens 60 ingredients
Hormone-related medications. Supplements with hormone-like activity can add to or interfere with them.
60 of the supplement ingredients on this page reach Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
Hepatotoxic Drugs 38 ingredients
Medications with known liver considerations. Supplements that can stress the liver add to the load.
38 of the supplement ingredients on this page reach Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates 37 ingredients
A drug-transport group: these medications are moved in and out of cells by the P-glycoprotein pump. Supplements that affect the pump can change how much of the drug is absorbed or kept in the body.
37 of the supplement ingredients on this page reach Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
Contraceptive Drugs 30 ingredients
A pharmacology grouping from our source database: medications in this group share a property that certain supplements are known to interact with, so an interaction documented for the group applies to every drug in it.
30 of the supplement ingredients on this page reach Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
Oral Drugs 17 ingredients
A pharmacology grouping from our source database: medications in this group share a property that certain supplements are known to interact with, so an interaction documented for the group applies to every drug in it.
17 of the supplement ingredients on this page reach Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Inhibitors 13 ingredients
A drug-metabolism group: these medications are processed by the named liver enzyme (a cytochrome P450). Supplements that speed this enzyme up or slow it down can lower or raise the medication's levels in your body.
13 of the supplement ingredients on this page reach Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Inhibitors 10 ingredients
A drug-metabolism group: these medications are processed by the named liver enzyme (a cytochrome P450). Supplements that speed this enzyme up or slow it down can lower or raise the medication's levels in your body.
10 of the supplement ingredients on this page reach Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
Ethinyl Estradiol 3 ingredients
A pharmacology grouping from our source database: medications in this group share a property that certain supplements are known to interact with, so an interaction documented for the group applies to every drug in it.
3 of the supplement ingredients on this page reach Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Inducers 2 ingredients
A drug-metabolism group: these medications are processed by the named liver enzyme (a cytochrome P450). Supplements that speed this enzyme up or slow it down can lower or raise the medication's levels in your body.
2 of the supplement ingredients on this page reach Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates 1 ingredient
A drug-metabolism group: these medications are processed by the named liver enzyme (a cytochrome P450). Supplements that speed this enzyme up or slow it down can lower or raise the medication's levels in your body.
1 of the supplement ingredient on this page reaches Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
Progestin 1 ingredient
A pharmacology grouping from our source database: medications in this group share a property that certain supplements are known to interact with, so an interaction documented for the group applies to every drug in it.
1 of the supplement ingredient on this page reaches Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate through this category.
Related: does Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate deplete any nutrients?
Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate has 14 reported nutrient associations in the research literature — see the Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate nutrient depletion report.
Take a Supplement Product? Check the Whole Bottle Against Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate
Most supplements are combination products — and the interaction may come from an ingredient you didn’t buy it for. Search any product below (or scan its label) and we’ll check every ingredient on it against Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate.
Search a supplement product
Type a product name, brand, or UPC — smart search across our full catalog.
Grounded search over our product catalog — every verdict comes from our interaction database, never AI guesswork. How we use AI
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Photograph any Supplement Facts panel — we read the ingredients and check each one against your medications. Free, in seconds.
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Products that contain Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate-interacting ingredients
Real supplements from the NIH label database that contain the top interacting ingredients on this page — each one is worth a full label check before combining with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate.
Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate & Supplements: Common Questions
What supplements interact with Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Which Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate supplement interactions are the most serious?
Can I take vitamins or supplements while on Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Do brands like Minastrin 24 FE have the same supplement interactions as Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate?
Where do these interaction ratings come from?
Does Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate deplete any vitamins or nutrients?
What about Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate and my other medications?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Where This Data Comes From — and Why You Can Trust It
🧪 Licensed clinical database
Every interaction verdict on this page comes from Natural Medicines Pro (TRC Healthcare / Therapeutic Research) — the same evidence-graded reference used by pharmacists and hospitals. We license this data directly; we do not scrape it, and no AI invents an interaction.
🧑⚕️ Pharmacist review
This page is curated and coded by Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS, Clinical Pharmacist, with additional analysis by the HelloPharmacist Pharmacist Team. Editorial commentary is ours; the licensed interaction records are shown as sourced.
🔄 Kept current
Our interaction database refreshes on a weekly cycle, and this page re-checks the live database every time it’s rebuilt — what you see reflects the database as of September 22, 2026.
🔍 Full transparency
How every dataset on this site is sourced, licensed, and updated is documented publicly: our data sources · editorial policy · how we use AI.
Educational information, not medical advice. An interaction being on file does not mean it will happen to you — and absence of one is not proof of safety. Never start or stop a medication or supplement without talking to your pharmacist or doctor.