Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

A.Vogel Digestive Aid Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Bioforce

A.Vogel Digestive Aid label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking A.Vogel Digestive Aid against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

A.Vogel Digestive Aid is a dietary supplement by Bioforce with 7 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for wounds and minor bleeding, digestive upset and cramping, colds, flu, and fever.Based on those ingredients, 830 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Fresh Dandelion whole plant extract, Fresh Lemon Balm aerial parts extract, Angelica root extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against A.Vogel Digestive Aid by Bioforce

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with A.Vogel Digestive Aid by Bioforce — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of A.Vogel Digestive Aid by Bioforce

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 12, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 7 of its 7 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

A.Vogel Digestive Aid contains 7 active herbal extracts: fresh yarrow aerial parts, fresh dandelion whole plant, fresh lemon balm aerial parts, fresh gentian root, fresh blessed thistle aerial parts, angelica root, and fresh centaury aerial parts. The product also contains 57% alcohol as an inactive ingredient — this is a liquid extract formulation.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • The label markets general wellness (“promotes healthy digestive function”), not a specific health condition, so there is no single claim to grade against clinical-evidence data.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Herpes labialis (cold sores) — rated "Possibly Effective" (Lemon Balm) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Depression — rated "Possibly Effective" (Lemon Balm) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Stress — rated "Possibly Effective" (Lemon Balm) (Natural Medicines).

The evidence for these ingredients is limited. Lemon balm has possibly effective data for cold sores and stress-related concerns.

For the other ingredients — yarrow, dandelion, gentian, blessed thistle, angelica root, and centaury — the studies we hold show insufficient reliable evidence to rate their effectiveness for the conditions they're traditionally used for, including digestive support and wound healing.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Yarrow Dandelion Lemon Balm Gentian Blessed Thistle Ashitaba Centaury

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 7 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 7 of 7.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 7 of 7.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Orally, dandelion and lemon balm are generally well tolerated, though some people report diarrhea, heartburn, or stomach upset with dandelion. Yarrow is generally well tolerated when taken by mouth, but allergic reactions can occur; topically it may cause skin irritation or dermatitis.

Gentian can upset the stomach, especially at higher doses. Blessed thistle in large doses (over 5 grams per cup of tea) may cause nausea or vomiting.

This product should be avoided in pregnancy — yarrow and blessed thistle are rated likely unsafe, and dandelion, lemon balm, gentian, angelica, and centaury lack enough safety data. Breastfeeding safety is also limited for these ingredients; talk with your doctor or pharmacist before use.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Yarrow Dandelion Lemon Balm Gentian Blessed Thistle Ashitaba Centaury

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 6 of the 7 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Blessed Thistle, Yarrow, Lemon Balm, Dandelion, Gentian, among others.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 830 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, double-check with your pharmacist if you take diabetes medications (dandelion may lower blood sugar), blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (dandelion may increase bleeding risk), lithium (both dandelion and yarrow may raise levels), blood pressure medications (gentian may lower pressure further), sedating drugs (lemon balm may add to drowsiness), thyroid hormone replacement (lemon balm may interfere), CYP1A2-metabolized drugs (dandelion and angelica may affect clearance), quinolone antibiotics like ciprofloxacin (dandelion may lower levels), or acid-reducing medications like H2-blockers, antacids, or PPIs (blessed thistle may reduce their effect).

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This digestive herbal formula is best suited for short-term use in healthy adults without prescriptions for blood sugar, blood pressure, thyroid, or blood-thinning medications — and without lithium use. If you take any regular medications, especially for diabetes, blood pressure, thyroid function, or bleeding prevention, check your exact drugs with the tool on this page before starting.

Pregnant and breastfeeding individuals should avoid it.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 7 of 7 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 25, 2013.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about A.Vogel Digestive Aid, straight from the product label.

Brand Bioforce
Barcode (UPC) 364031521003
Net contents 1.7 fl. Oz.; 50 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 25, 2013
DSLD ID 26287
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Children 4 or More Years of Age, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Children more than 1 but less than 4
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for A.Vogel Digestive Aid by Bioforce, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Drop(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
30 Drop(s)
Servings per container
65
UPC/BARCODE
364031521003
IngredientAmount% DV
Fresh Yarrow aerial parts extract209 mg--
Fresh Dandelion whole plant extract154 mg--
Fresh Lemon Balm aerial parts extract130 mg--
Fresh Gentian root extract120 mg--
Fresh Blessed Thistle aerial parts extract50 mg--
Angelica root extract21 mg--
Fresh Centaury aerial parts extract21 mg--

Other ingredients: Alcohol 57%

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Optimal Potency Bioforce uses a unique process – extracting from fresh herbs, not dried. Fresh herbs are harvested at their peak and processed within 24 hours before they can dry out. This extraction process guarantees a maximum of important fresh elements inherent in each herb. Standardized Manufactured according to Swiss Good Manufacturing Practices. Tests before, during and after processing guarantee uniform quality and purity.

Fresh Herb Extract

Promotes healthy digestive function This useful complex brings together seven herbs originating in many different habitats and areas of the world. Each has been known for its beneficial properties for centuries. Alfred Vogel, who worked with them and knew their individual value, developed this complex to take advantage of their synergies.

Best Before: Lot No.:

Making Nature Work

Fresh Herb Extract

Like Fresh Herbs in a bottle.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested use: Adults: 20-30 drops in small amount of water once a day. Children (2-12 years): 1 drop per year of age in small amount of water once a day. Shake well before using.

Precautions

Safety Sealed Bottle. If ring at bottom of cap is missing or broken, do not use!

Keep out of reach of children.

If you are pregnant or nursing, contact your healthcare professional before using.

Formulation

Cultivation with a Conscience

No pesticides, insecticides, fungicides or chemical fertilizers used in growing these herbs.

Organic, Sustainable Cultivation

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

General

96162.00 160606

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Seals/Symbols

SWISS GMP Standards

Bioforce

Brand IP Statement(s)

(C) 2004, Bioforce AG Switzerland

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

A.Vogel Digestive Aid by Bioforce label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

A.Vogel Digestive Aid label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in A.Vogel Digestive Aid by Bioforce

These are the 7 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Drop(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container65 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Fresh Yarrow aerial parts extract

Interacts with
1 drug
209 mg per serving

Yarrow is a traditional herb long used for wounds, digestive complaints, and colds, but high-quality human studies are very limited, so its benefits a...

Fresh Yarrow aerial parts extract monograph & interactions

Fresh Dandelion whole plant extract

Interacts with
457 drugs
154 mg per serving

Dandelion is a common plant used in food and traditional medicine, often promoted as a natural 'water pill' and digestive aid. Human evidence for thes...

Fresh Dandelion whole plant extract monograph & interactions

Fresh Lemon Balm aerial parts extract

Interacts with
264 drugs
130 mg per serving

Lemon balm is a gentle, lemon-scented mint-family herb traditionally used to ease stress, support sleep, and calm digestion, and topically for cold so...

Fresh Lemon Balm aerial parts extract monograph & interactions

Fresh Gentian root extract

Interacts with
172 drugs
120 mg per serving

Gentian is a very bitter root traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease mild digestive complaints, often as part of "bitters" before meals. Th...

Fresh Gentian root extract monograph & interactions

Fresh Blessed Thistle aerial parts extract

Interacts with
36 drugs
50 mg per serving

Blessed thistle is a bitter herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease mild digestive complaints. High-quality human studies are lacking,...

Fresh Blessed Thistle aerial parts extract monograph & interactions

Angelica root extract

Interacts with
186 drugs
21 mg per serving

Ashitaba is a leafy plant from Japan that is eaten as a vegetable and taken as a supplement for general health, antioxidant, and heart benefits. Most...

Angelica root extract monograph & interactions

Fresh Centaury aerial parts extract

No known
interactions
21 mg per serving

Centaury is a bitter-tasting herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease mild digestive complaints. Solid human studies are lacking, so its...

Fresh Centaury aerial parts extract monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Alcohol 57%. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

A.Vogel Digestive Aid by Bioforce Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against A.Vogel Digestive Aid?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
830Drugs
803 Moderate 27 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Fresh Dandelion whole plant extract 457
Fresh Lemon Balm aerial parts extract 264
Angelica root extract 186
Fresh Gentian root extract 172
Fresh Blessed Thistle aerial parts extract 36

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in A.Vogel Digestive Aid interact with 830 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

6 of the 7 ingredients in A.Vogel Digestive Aid interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Fresh Dandelion whole plant extract Fresh Lemon Balm aerial parts extract Angelica root extract Fresh Gentian root extract Fresh Blessed Thistle aerial parts extract Fresh Yarrow aerial parts extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in A.Vogel Digestive Aid with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Fresh Dandelion whole plant extract7 drug types · 457 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, taking dandelion root along with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might increase the risk of bruising and bleeding.
In vitro research suggests that dandelion root inhibits platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, dandelion might increase the risk for hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that dandelion extract may have moderate alpha-glucosidase inhibitor activity and might also increase insulin secretion. Also, in a case report, a 58-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes who was being treated with insulin developed hypoglycemia 2 weeks after beginning to eat salads containing dandelion.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, dandelion might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Laboratory research suggests that dandelion might inhibit CYP1A2. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans. However, until more is known, watch for an increase in the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2 in patients taking dandelion.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Glucuronidated Drugs

Theoretically, dandelion might increase the clearance of drugs that are UDP-glucuronosyltransferase substrates.
There is some preliminary evidence that dandelion might induce UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, a phase II enzyme.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, through diuretic effects, dandelion might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Animal research suggests that dandelion has diuretic properties. As diuretics can increase serum lithium levels, the dose of lithium might need to be decreased when taken with dandelion.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Theoretically, dandelion might increase the risk of hyperkalemia when taken with potassium-sparing diuretics.
Dandelion contains significant amounts of potassium.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Quinolone Antibiotics

Theoretically, dandelion might lower fluoroquinolone levels.
Animal research shows that dandelion reduces absorption of ciprofloxacin and can lower levels by 73%. However, this effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Fresh Dandelion whole plant extract full monograph & interactions

Fresh Lemon Balm aerial parts extract2 drug types · 264 drugs

Cns Depressants

Theoretically, concomitant use of lemon balm might have additive effects with CNS depressant drugs.
Lemon balm seems to have CNS depressant activity in animals and in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, lemon balm might interfere with thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
In vitro, constituents of lemon balm extract bind to thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), preventing TSH receptor-binding and leading to the inhibition of TSH-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. In animals, lemon balm extract has been shown to decrease levels of circulating TSH and inhibit thyroid secretion.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Fresh Lemon Balm aerial parts extract full monograph & interactions

Angelica root extract1 drug type · 186 drugs

Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

In vitro research shows that ashitaba extract inhibits cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2. Theoretically, concomitant use of ashitaba with CYP1A2 substrates might decrease the clearance of these substrates and increase the risk for adverse effects. However, this interaction has yet to be reported in humans. Until more is known, use with caution.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Angelica root extract full monograph & interactions

Fresh Gentian root extract1 drug type · 172 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, taking gentian with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
In vitro research shows that gentian can cause vasodilation and lower blood pressure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Fresh Gentian root extract full monograph & interactions

Fresh Blessed Thistle aerial parts extract3 drug types · 36 drugs

Antacids

Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of antacids.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
H2-Blockers

Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of H2-blockers.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Proton Pump Inhibitors (Ppis)

Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of PPIs.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Fresh Blessed Thistle aerial parts extract full monograph & interactions

Fresh Yarrow aerial parts extract1 drug type · 1 drug

Lithium

Theoretically, taking yarrow with lithium might increase the levels and adverse effects of lithium.
Animal research shows that yarrow has diuretic activity. Theoretically, due to these potential diuretic effects, yarrow might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Fresh Yarrow aerial parts extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for A.Vogel Digestive Aid, from the product label.

Bioforce

See all Bioforce products
Name
Bioforce AG
Street Address
CH-9325
City
Roggwil TG
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

A.Vogel Digestive Aid by Bioforce: Common Questions

Does A.Vogel Digestive Aid by Bioforce interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, A.Vogel Digestive Aid has a known interaction with 830 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
A.Vogel Digestive Aid contains 7 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe to take while I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
No, this product should be avoided in pregnancy — yarrow and blessed thistle are rated likely unsafe, and the other ingredients don't have enough safety data. Breastfeeding safety is also not well established for these herbs. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before use.
Can this help with digestion?
These are traditional digestive herbs, but the evidence we hold shows insufficient reliable evidence to rate their effectiveness for digestive complaints. They're used as bitters and digestive aids in herbal practice, but clinical proof is limited.
What's in the 57% alcohol?
This is a liquid extract formulation where alcohol is used to preserve and extract the herbal compounds. If you need to avoid alcohol, talk with your pharmacist about alternatives.
Can I take this with my blood pressure medicine?
Gentian in this product theoretically increases the risk of low blood pressure when combined with blood pressure medications. Check your exact medication with the tool on this page, and talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting.
Does this product have any common side effects?
When taken by mouth, dandelion may cause diarrhea, heartburn, or stomach discomfort. Blessed thistle in large doses can cause nausea or vomiting. Allergic reactions to these plants are possible, especially in people sensitive to ragweed and related plants.
Can I take this if I use lithium?
No — both yarrow and dandelion in this product may increase lithium levels through diuretic effects, potentially raising the risk of lithium toxicity. Avoid this product if you take lithium, or talk with your doctor first.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if A.Vogel Digestive Aid is safe with your meds?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

A.Vogel Digestive Aid label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind A.Vogel Digestive Aid’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Yarrow

Interacts with 1 drug

Yarrow is a traditional herb long used for wounds, digestive complaints, and colds, but high-quality human studies are very limited, so its benefits are not well proven. It is generally used...

Read the full Yarrow monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Dandelion

Interacts with 457 drugs

Dandelion is a common plant used in food and traditional medicine, often promoted as a natural 'water pill' and digestive aid. Human evidence for these uses is very limited, so its benefits...

Read the full Dandelion monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lemon Balm

Interacts with 264 drugs

Lemon balm is a gentle, lemon-scented mint-family herb traditionally used to ease stress, support sleep, and calm digestion, and topically for cold sores. Early studies are promising but gen...

Read the full Lemon Balm monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Gentian

Interacts with 172 drugs

Gentian is a very bitter root traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease mild digestive complaints, often as part of "bitters" before meals. The evidence is mostly traditional and pre...

Read the full Gentian monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Blessed Thistle

Interacts with 36 drugs

Blessed thistle is a bitter herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease mild digestive complaints. High-quality human studies are lacking, so its benefits are not well proven. It...

Read the full Blessed Thistle monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Ashitaba

Interacts with 186 drugs

Ashitaba is a leafy plant from Japan that is eaten as a vegetable and taken as a supplement for general health, antioxidant, and heart benefits. Most of the supporting research comes from la...

Read the full Ashitaba monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Centaury

Centaury is a bitter-tasting herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease mild digestive complaints. Solid human studies are lacking, so its benefits remain largely unproven, and i...

Read the full Centaury monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

A.Vogel Digestive Aid's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 57 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Yarrow 8 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  2. Uter, W., Nohle, M., Randerath, B., and Schwanitz, H. J. Occupational contact urticaria and late-phase bronchial asthma caused by compositae pollen in a florist. Am J Contact Dermat. 2001;12(3):182-184. DOI
  3. Schempp, C. M., Schopf, E., and Simon, J. C. [Plant-induced toxic and allergic dermatitis (phytodermatitis)]. Hautarzt 2002;53(2):93-97.
  4. Jovanovic, M., Poljacki, M., Duran, V., Vujanovic, L., Sente, R., and Stojanovic, S. Contact allergy to Compositae plants in patients with atopic dermatitis. Med Pregl. 2004;57(5-6):209-218. PubMed
  5. Becker LC, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, et al. Safety assessment of Achillea millefolium as used in cosmetics. Int J Toxicol. 2016;35(3 suppl):5S-15S.
  6. Zakeri S, Esmaeilzadeh S, Gorji N, Memariani Z, Moeini R, Bijani A. The effect of Achillea millefolium L. on vulvovaginal candidiasis compared with clotrimazole: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med. 2020;52:102483. PubMed
  7. de Souza P, Crestani S, da Silva Rde C, et al. Involvement of bradykinin and prostaglandins in the diuretic effects of Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae). J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Aug 26;149(1):157-61. PubMed
  8. Miranzadeh S, Adib-Hajbaghery M, Soleymanpoor L, Ehsani M. Effect of adding the herb Achillea millefolium on mouthwash on chemotherapy induced oral mucositis in cancer patients: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2015;19(3):207- PubMed

See these in context on the Yarrow monograph →

Dandelion 27 references
  1. Maliakal PP, Wanwimolruk S. Effect of herbal teas on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2001;53:1323-9. PubMed
  2. Williams CA, Goldstone F, Greenham J. Flavonoids, cinnamic acids and coumarins from the different tissues and medicinal preparations of Taraxacum officinale. Phytochemistry 1996;42:121-7. PubMed
  3. Hussain Z, Waheed A, Qureshi RA, et al. The effect of medicinal plants of Islamabad and Murree region of Pakistan on insulin secretion from INS-1 cells. Phytother Res 2004;18:73-7. PubMed
  4. Racz-Kotilla E, Racz G, Solomon A. The action of Taraxacum officinale extracts on the body weight and diuresis of laboratory animals. Planta Med 1974;26:212-7. PubMed
  5. Zhu M, Wong PY, Li RC. Effects of taraxacum mongolicum on the bioavailability and disposition of ciprofloxacin in rats. J Pharm Sci 1999;88:632-4. PubMed
  6. Jovanovic M, Mimica-Dukic N, Poljacki M, Boza P. Erythema multiforme due to contact with weeds: a recurrence after patch testing. Contact Dermatitis 2003;48:17-25. PubMed
  7. Chivato T, Juan F, Montoro A, Laguna R. Anaphylaxis induced by ingestion of a pollen compound. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 1996;6:208-9.
  8. Cohen SH, Yunginger JW, Rosenberg N, Fink JN. Acute allergic reaction after composite pollen ingestion. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1979;64:270-4. PubMed
  9. Lovell CR, Rowan M. Dandelion dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 1991;25:185-8. PubMed
  10. Agarwal SC, Crook JR, Pepper CB. Herbal remedies -- how safe are they? A case report of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation induced by herbal medication used for obesity. Int J Cardiol 2006;106:260-1. PubMed
  11. Martín-Muñoz MF, Bartolome B, Caminoa M, et al. Bee pollen: a dangerous food for allergic children. Identification of responsible allergens. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2010;38:263-5. PubMed
  12. Neef H, Cilli F, Declerck PJ, et al. Platelet anti-aggregating activity of Taraxacum officinale Weber. Phytotherapy Research 1996;10:s138-s140.
  13. Cuzzolin L, Zaffani S, and Benoni G. Safety implications regarding use of phytomedicines. Eur.J Clin Pharmacol. 2006;62:37-42. PubMed
  14. Posadzki, P., Watson, L. K., and Ernst, E. Adverse effects of herbal medicines: an overview of systematic reviews. Clin Med 2013;13(1):7-12. PubMed
  15. Wakelin, S. H., Marren, P., Young, E., and Shaw, S. Compositae sensitivity and chronic hand dermatitis in a seven-year-old boy. Br J Dermatol 1997;137(2):289-291. PubMed
  16. Ingber, A. Seasonal allergic contact dermatitis from Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) in an Israeli florist. Contact Dermatitis 2000;43(1):49.
  17. Rodriguez, B., Rodriguez, A., de Barrio, M., Tornero, P., and Baeza, M. L. Asthma induced by canary food mix. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2003;24(4):265-268.
  18. Syhaieva, I. A. [Efficiency of specific immunotherapy in treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis]. Lik.Sprava. 2006;(1-2):51-53.
  19. Catania, M. A., Oteri, A., Caiello, P., Russo, A., Salvo, F., Giustini, E. S., Caputi, A. P., and Polimeni, G. Hemorrhagic cystitis induced by an herbal mixture. South.Med.J. 2010;103(1):90-92. PubMed
  20. Goksu, E., Eken, C., Karadeniz, O., and Kucukyilmaz, O. First report of hypoglycemia secondary to dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) ingestion. Am J Emerg.Med 2010;28(1):111-112. PubMed
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  24. Davies, M. G. and Kersey, P. J. Contact allergy to yarrow and dandelion. Contact Dermatitis 1986;14(4):256-257. PubMed
  25. Collins JM and Miller DR. Dandelion green bezoar following antrectomy and vagotomy - case report. J Kansas Med Soc 1966;67(6):303-304.
  26. Moriarty B, Pinney JH, Owen-Casey MP, Rustin MH, Deroide F, Laing C, Davenport A. Digital necrosis from dandelion tea. Br J Dermatol. 2013 Jul;169(1):227-30. PubMed
  27. Onal S, Timur S, Okutucu B, Zihnioglu F. Inhibition of alphaglucosidase by aqueous extracts of some potent antidiabetic medicinal herbs. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2005;35:29-36.

See these in context on the Dandelion monograph →

Lemon Balm 12 references
  1. Wolbling RH, Leonhardt K. Local therapy of herpes simplex with dried extract from Melissa officinalis. Phytomedicine 1994;1:25-31.
  2. Akhondzadeh S, Noroozian M, Mohammadi M, et al. Melissa officinalis extract in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003;74:863-6. PubMed
  3. Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Tildesley NT, et al. Modulation of mood and cognitive performance following acute administration of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm). Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2002;72:953-64. PubMed
  4. Albrecht M, Berger W, Laux P, Schmidt U, et al. Psychopharmaka und Verkehrssicherheit. Der Einfluß von Euvegal® - Dragees forte auf die Fahrtüchtigkeit und Kombinationswirkungen mit Alkohol Z Allg Med 1995;71:1215-25.
  5. Herberg, KW. Nebenwirkungen pflanzlicher Beruhigungsmittel/ Leistung und Befinden nach Einnahme einer Baldrian-Hopfen-Kombination. Z.Allg Med 1996;72:234-240.
  6. Soulimani R, Fleurentin J, Mortier F, et al. Neurotropic action of the hydroalcoholic extract of Melissa officinalis in the mouse. Planta Med. 1991 Apr;57:105-9.
  7. Sourgens H, Winterhoff H, Gumbinger HG, et al. Antihormonal effects of plant extracts. TSH- and prolactin-suppressing properties of Lithospermum officinale and other plants. Planta Med. 1982 Jun;45:78-86. DOI
  8. Auf'mkolk M, Ingbar JC, Amir SM, et al. Inhibition by certain plant extracts of the binding and adenylate cyclase stimulatory effect of bovine thyrotropin in human thyroid membranes. Endocrinology. 1984 Aug;115:527-34. PubMed
  9. Santini F, Vitti P, Ceccarini G, et al. In vitro assay of thyroid disruptors affecting TSH-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. J Endocrinol Invest. 2003 Oct;26:950-5. PubMed
  10. Alijaniha F, et al. Heart palpitation relief with Melissa officinalis leaf extract: double blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial of efficacy and safety. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;164:378-384. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.007. Epub 2015 Feb 11. PubMed
  11. Araj-Khodaei M, Noorbala AA, Yarani R, et al. A double-blind, randomized pilot study for comparison of Melissa officinalis L. and Lavandula angustifolia Mill. with Fluoxetine for the treatment of depression. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020;20(1):207. PubMed
  12. Kucuk U, Pham M, Raza Raja MH, Saad Shaukat MH, Clark R. Transient complete atrioventricular block associated with herbal supplement use. S D Med 2023;76(7):311-313.

See these in context on the Lemon Balm monograph →

Gentian 5 references
  1. Neubauer N, Marz RW. Placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, clincal trial with Sinupret sugar coated tablets on the basis of a therapy with antibiotics and decongestant nasal drops in acute sinusitis. Phytomedicine 1994;1:177-81.
  2. Marz RW, Ismail C, Popp MA. Action profile and efficacy of a herbal combination preparation for the treatment of sinusitis. Wien Med Wochenschr 1999;149:202-8.
  3. Uncini Manganelli RE, Chericoni S, Baragatti B. Ethnopharmacobotany in Tuscany: plants used as antihypertensives. Fitoterapia 2000;71:S95-100. PubMed
  4. Baragatti B, Calderone V, Testai L, et al. Vasodilator activity of crude methanolic extract of Gentiana kokiana Perr. et Song. (Gentianaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 2002;79:369-72. PubMed
  5. Sanatani M, Younus J, Stitt L, et al. Tolerability of the combination of ginger (Zingiber officinalis), gentian (Gentiana lutea) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) in patients with cancer-associated anorexia. J Complement Integr Med. 2015;12(1):57-60.

See these in context on the Gentian monograph →

Blessed Thistle 2 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  2. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.

See these in context on the Blessed Thistle monograph →

Ashitaba 2 references
  1. Kwon D, Yoon S, Carter O, Bailey GS, Dashwood RH. Antioxidant and antigenotoxic activities of Angelica keiskei, Oenanthe javanica and Brassica oleracea in the Salmonella mutagenicity assay and in HCT116 human colon cancer cells. Biofactors. 2006;26(4):231
  2. Noh HM, Ahn EM, Yun JM, Cho BL, Paek YJ. Angelica keiskei Koidzumi extracts improve some markers of liver function in habitual alcohol drinkers: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. J Med Food. 2015;18(2):166-72.

See these in context on the Ashitaba monograph →

Centaury 1 reference
  1. Martynyuk L, Martynyuk L, Ruzhitska O, Martynyuk O. Effect of the herbal combination Canephron N on diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus: results of a comparative cohort study. J Altern Complement Med. 2014;20(6):472-478. PubMed

See these in context on the Centaury monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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