Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by BetterYou

D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Vitamin
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Oct 7, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor is a dietary supplement by BetterYou with 2 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for bone health and osteoporosis, correcting vitamin d deficiency, immune system support.Based on those ingredients, 717 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Vitamin D, Vitamin K2. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor by BetterYou

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor by BetterYou — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor by BetterYou

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Oct 1, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 2 of its 2 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This spray contains two active ingredients: vitamin D and vitamin K2. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and bone health, while vitamin K2 plays a role in blood clotting and bone metabolism.

The product delivers 2 active ingredients in a liquid spray form with inactive ingredients like water, xylitol, acacia gum, sunflower lecithin, citric acid, potassium sorbate, peppermint oil, and vitamin E acetate.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Bone health and vitamin D supplementation.
  • We looked for evidence on: Osteoporosis, Fractures, Fall prevention, Muscle strength, Corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis, Hyperparathyroidism-related bone loss — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Vitamin D is rated "Effective" for Osteomalacia (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Vitamin D is rated "Effective" for Vitamin D deficiency.
  • Also on file: Vitamin D is rated "Likely Effective" for Corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.

Vitamin D is effective for several bone and mineral disorders — familial hypophosphatemia, osteomalacia (soft bones from vitamin D deficiency), renal osteodystrophy, rickets, and hypoparathyroidism. Vitamin K2 is effective for vitamin K-dependent clotting factor deficiency and hemorrhagic disease, and is possibly effective for osteoporosis.

The evidence we hold does not establish effectiveness for other uses.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin D Vitamin K

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Vitamin D is generally well tolerated at recommended doses, though very high doses over time can cause toxicity with symptoms like high blood calcium, kidney problems, and anemia. The safety data rates vitamin D as likely safe during pregnancy when used at recommended amounts, though you should use it only under your doctor's guidance.

Vitamin K is generally safe in food amounts and most supplements for healthy people; however, check with your doctor before taking supplements beyond normal dietary amounts. Vitamin K by mouth is generally well tolerated, though a small number of people experience mild gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, stomach upset, or diarrhea.

Serious adverse effects are rare.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin D Vitamin K

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Vitamin D, Vitamin K.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; heart-rhythm medications.
  • For scale: 718 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this if you're on warfarin or any blood thinner — vitamin K2 can reduce its effectiveness and that's a Major-severity concern. Also double-check if you take thiazide diuretics, verapamil, diltiazem, digoxin, atorvastatin, or any aluminum-containing antacids or binders, as vitamin D interactions with these are Moderate.

CYP3A4 substrates (a wide group of medications) may also be affected.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product may help if you have a vitamin D or K deficiency, or if your doctor has recommended supplementation for bone health. However, if you take warfarin, any heart medications, diuretics, or cholesterol drugs, you need to clear this with your own doctor or pharmacist before starting — the interactions are real and could affect how your medications work.

Talk it over with your healthcare provider to see if it's right for your situation.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 2 of 2 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jul 25, 2024.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor, straight from the product label.

Brand BetterYou
Barcode (UPC) 96175101
Net contents 0.4 Fluid Ounce(s); 12 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jul 25, 2024
DSLD ID 314448
Product type Vitamin
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor by BetterYou, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
0.39 mL
Maximum serving Sizes:
0.39 mL
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
96175101
IngredientAmount% DV
Vitamin D75 mcg375%
Vitamin K275 mcg63%

Other ingredients: Water, Xylitol, Acacia Gum, Sunflower Lecithin, Citric Acid, Potassium Sorbate, natural Peppermint Oil, DL-Alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

How to use Initial use: press the pump 3 times to get the liquid flowing. Shake well before every use. Carefully spray into your mouth, taste and swallow. Replace cap after use. Directions Use 3 sprays daily. Once opened, use within 6 months.

Storage

Store at room temperature and out of direct sunlight.

Precautions

Warnings Keep out of reach and sight of children.

Do not exceed recommended dosage - excessive consumption may produce laxative effects. Discontinue use two weeks prior to surgery.

Consult your physician prior to using this product if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition.

Formulation

Suitable for vegetarians.

Nutritional support in a spray Essential nutrients for the support of healthy bones

Vegetarian Society Approved

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

General Statements

No more pills The UK's original vitamin oral spray range

Recycling instructions Carton This carton is made of material from well-managed, FSC-Certified forests and other controlled sources. Please recycle it with other paper and card products. Bottle & Pump The bottle is made from 70% Ocean Waste Plastic - recovered from the Indian ocean, the Caribbean Sea and the Philippine Sea - and 30% Post-Consumer Recycling (PCR). Separate components and recycle. Cap Our bottle cap is made from Post-Consumer Recycling (PCR) - This means it has been manufactured from recycled household plastics and can be recycled with them again.

This packaging uses ocean plastic www.betterplanetproject.co.uk Recyclable board

Seals/Symbols

Palm Oil Free Vegetarian Society Approved

Formulated in Great Britain

Formula

75mcg (3000 IU) of vitamin D3 75mcg of vitamin K2 per daily serving. Vitamin K supports normal blood clotting Vitamin D helps maintains normal bones Vitamin D3 supports a normal immune system

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor by BetterYou label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor by BetterYou

These are the 2 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size0.39 mL Dosage formLiquid Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Vitamin D

Interacts with
717 drugs
75 mcg per serving Form: Cholecalciferol

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps your body absorb calcium and is important for healthy bones, muscles, and immune function. Many people,...

Vitamin D monograph & interactions

Vitamin K2

Interacts with
2 drugs
75 mcg per serving Form: Menaquinone-7

Vitamin K is an essential nutrient your body needs for normal blood clotting and to support healthy bones. Most people get enough from food, but suppl...

Vitamin K2 monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Water, Xylitol, Acacia Gum, Sunflower Lecithin, Citric Acid, Potassium Sorbate, Natural Peppermint Oil, DL-Alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor by BetterYou Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
717Drugs
2 Major 80 Moderate 635 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Vitamin D 717
Vitamin K2 2

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor interact with 717 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 2 ingredients in D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Vitamin D Vitamin K2

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Vitamin D8 drug types · 717 drugs

Aluminum

Vitamin D might increase aluminum absorption and toxicity, but this has only been reported in people with renal failure.
The protein that transports calcium across the intestinal wall can also bind and transport aluminum. This protein is stimulated by vitamin D, which may therefore increase aluminum absorption. This mechanism may contribute to increased aluminum levels and toxicity in people with renal failure, when they take vitamin D and aluminum-containing phosphate binders chronically.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)

Vitamin D might reduce absorption of atorvastatin.
A small, low-quality clinical study shows that taking vitamin D reduces levels of atorvastatin and its active metabolites by up to 55%. However, while atorvastatin levels decreased, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels did not substantially change. Atorvastatin is metabolized in the gut by CYP3A4 enzymes, and researchers theorized that vitamin D might induce CYP3A4, causing reduced levels of atorvastatin. However, this proposed mechanism was not specifically studied.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Calcipotriene (Dovonex)

Taking calcipotriene with vitamin D increases the risk for hypercalcemia.
Calcipotriene is a vitamin D analog used topically for psoriasis. It can be absorbed in sufficient amounts to cause systemic effects, including hypercalcemia. Theoretically, combining calcipotriene with vitamin D supplements might increase the risk of hypercalcemia.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Theoretically, hypercalcemia induced by high-dose vitamin D can increase the risk of arrhythmia from digoxin.
High doses of vitamin D can cause hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia increases the risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias with digoxin. Avoid vitamin D doses above the tolerable upper intake level (4000 IU daily for adults) and monitor serum calcium levels in people taking vitamin D and digoxin concurrently.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Others)

Theoretically, hypercalcemia induced by high-dose vitamin D can reduce the therapeutic effects of diltiazem for arrhythmia.
High doses of vitamin D can cause hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia can reduce the effectiveness of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Theoretically this could also occur with diltiazem. Avoid vitamin D doses above the tolerable upper intake level (4000 IU daily for adults) and monitor serum calcium levels in people taking vitamin D and diltiazem concurrently.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Thiazide Diuretics

Theoretically, taking thiazide diuretics and high-dose vitamin D can increase the risk of hypercalcemia.
Thiazide diuretics decrease urinary calcium excretion, which could lead to hypercalcemia if vitamin D supplements are taken concurrently. This has been reported in people being treated with vitamin D for hypoparathyroidism, and also in elderly people with normal parathyroid function who were taking a thiazide, vitamin D, and calcium-containing antacids daily.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Verapamil (Calan, Others)

Hypercalcemia induced by high-dose vitamin D can reduce the therapeutic effects of verapamil for arrhythmia.
Hypercalcemia due to high doses of vitamin D can reduce the effectiveness of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Avoid vitamin D doses above the tolerable upper intake level (4000 IU daily for adults) and monitor serum calcium levels in people taking vitamin D and verapamil concurrently.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Vitamin D might induce CYP3A4 enzymes and reduce the bioavailability of CYP3A4 substrates.
There is some concern that vitamin D might induce CYP3A4. In vitro research suggests that vitamin D induces CYP3A4 transcription. Additionally, observational research has found that increased UV light exposure and serum vitamin D levels are associated with decreased serum levels of CYP3A4 substrates such as tacrolimus and sirolimus, while no association between UV light exposure or vitamin D levels and levels of mycophenolic acid, a non-CYP3A4 substrate, was found. A small, low-quality clinical study shows that taking vitamin D reduces levels of the CYP3A4 substrate atorvastatin and its active metabolites by up to 55%; however, the clinical effects of atorvastatin were not reduced. While researchers theorized that vitamin D might induce CYP3A4, this proposed mechanism was not specifically studied.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Vitamin D full monograph & interactions

Vitamin K21 drug type · 2 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Vitamin K can antagonize and reverse the therapeutic effects of warfarin.
Vitamin K antagonizes the effects of warfarin. Excessive vitamin K intake, either from supplements or from changes in the diet, can reduce the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
Vitamin K2 full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor, from the product label.

BetterYou

See all BetterYou products
Name
BetterYou Ltd
City
Barnsley S74 9LH.
Phone Number
+1(512)782-9726
Web Address
www.betteryou.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor by BetterYou: Common Questions

Does D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor by BetterYou interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor has a known interaction with 717 medications, including 2 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor contains 2 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Vitamin D is rated likely safe during pregnancy at recommended doses, but use only under your doctor's guidance — don't add it on your own. Vitamin K is rated likely safe during both pregnancy and breastfeeding. Talk with your doctor about whether this product makes sense for you.
What are the side effects?
At recommended doses, both ingredients are well tolerated. Very high vitamin D doses over time can cause toxicity with high blood calcium, kidney problems, and anemia. Vitamin K by mouth may cause mild stomach upset, nausea, or diarrhea in some people.
Is vitamin D in this product effective for bone health?
Vitamin D is effective for several bone conditions — rickets, osteomalacia, familial hypophosphatemia, renal osteodystrophy, and hypoparathyroidism. Vitamin K2 is possibly effective for osteoporosis. If bone health is your goal, talk with your doctor about whether supplementation is right for you.
What does vitamin K2 do?
Vitamin K2 is needed for blood clotting and plays a role in bone metabolism. It's effective for treating vitamin K-dependent clotting factor deficiency and hemorrhagic disease (bleeding disorders), and is possibly effective for osteoporosis.
Why do I need to check this with my medications?
Vitamin K2 can directly reverse warfarin's blood-thinning effect, and vitamin D can interfere with heart medications, diuretics, and cholesterol drugs — it's important to make sure there's no conflict before you start.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin D

Interacts with 717 drugs

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that helps your body absorb calcium and is important for healthy bones, muscles, and immune function. Many people, especially those with low sun exposure,...

Read the full Vitamin D monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin K

Interacts with 2 drugs

Vitamin K is an essential nutrient your body needs for normal blood clotting and to support healthy bones. Most people get enough from food, but supplements are sometimes used for deficiency...

Read the full Vitamin K monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

D3000+ K2 Vitamin D+K2 Daily Oral Spray Natural Peppermint Flavor's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 37 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Vitamin D 25 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Tatro DS, ed. Drug Interactions Facts. Facts and Comparisons Inc., St. Louis, MO. 1999.
  3. Koutkia P, Chen TC, Holick MF. Vitamin D intoxication associated with an over-the-counter supplement. N Engl J Med 2001;345:66-7. PubMed
  4. Bar-Or D, Yoel G. Calcium and calciferol antagonize effect of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Br Med J 1981;282:1585-6.
  5. Demontis R, Leflon A, Fournier A, et al. 1 alpha(OH) vitamin D3 increases plasma aluminum in hemodialyzed patients taking AI(OH)3. Clin Nephrol 1986;26:146-9.
  6. Crowe M, Wollner L, Griffiths RA. Hypercalcemia following vitamin D and thiazide therapy in the elderly. Practitioner 1984;228:312-3.
  7. Parfitt AM. Thiazide-induced hypercalcemia in vitamin D-treated hypoparathyroidism. Ann Intern Med 1972;77:557-63. PubMed
  8. Thiazide diuretics and the risk of osteoporosis. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2003;19(11):191105.
  9. Moon J. The role of vitamin D in toxic metal absorption. J Am Coll Nutr 1994;13:559-64.
  10. Demontis R, Reissi D, Noel C, et al. Indirect clinical evidence that 1alphaOH vitamin D<SUB>3</SUB> increases the intestinal absorption of aluminum. Clin Nephrol 1989;31:123-7.
  11. Adler AJ, Berlyne GM. Duodenal aluminum absorption in the rat: effect of vitamin D. Am J Physiol 1985;249:G209-13. PubMed
  12. Schwartz JB. Effects of vitamin D supplementation in atorvastatin-treated patients: A new drug interaction with an unexpected consequence. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2009;85:198-203. PubMed
  13. Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. Institute of Medicine, November 30, 2010. Available at: http://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2010/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Calcium-and-Vitamin-D/Vitamin%20D%20and%20Calcium%202010%20Repo
  14. Cox KA, Dunn MA. Aluminum toxicity alters the regulation of calbindin-D28k protein and mRNA expression in chick intestine. J Nutr 2001;131:2007-13. PubMed
  15. Escribano, J., Balaguer, A., Pagone, F., Feliu, A., and Roque, I. Figuls. Pharmacological interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2009;(1):CD004754. PubMed
  16. Carlton, S., Clopton, D., and Cappuzzo, K. A. Vitamin D deficiency: appropriate replenishment therapies and the effects of vitamin D toxicity. Consult Pharm 2010;25(3):171-177. PubMed
  17. Wang, H., Xia, N., Yang, Y., and Peng, D. Q. Influence of vitamin D supplementation on plasma lipid profiles: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Lipids Health Dis. 2012;11:42. PubMed
  18. Turner AN, Carr Reese P, Fields KS, Anderson J, Ervin M, Davis JA, Fichorova RN, Roberts MW, Klebanoff MA, Jackson RD. A blinded, randomized controlled trial of high-dose vitamin D supplementation to reduce recurrence of bacterial vaginosis. Am J Obstet G PubMed
  19. Weiner M, Epstein FH. Signs and symptoms of electrolyte disorders. Yale J Biol Med. 1970;43(2):76-109.
  20. Lappe J, Watson P, Travers-Gustafson D, Recker R, Garland C, Gorham E, Baggerly K, McDonnell SL. Effect of Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation on Cancer Incidence in Older Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017 Mar 28;317(12):1234-1243. PubMed
  21. Roth DE, Leung M, Mesfin E, Qamar H, Watterworth J, Papp E. Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy: state of the evidence from a systematic review of randomised trials. BMJ. 2017;359:j5237. PubMed
  22. Murai IH, Fernandes AL, Sales LP, et al. Effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on hospital length of stay in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2021.
  23. Wang Z, Schuetz EG, Xu Y, Thummel KE. Interplay between vitamin D and the drug metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013;136:54-8. PubMed
  24. Doyle D, Browne U, Brickley A, Murphy D. Vitamin D-induced hypercalcaemia and acute kidney injury in sarcoidosis. BMJ Case Rep 2023;16(1):e250580. PubMed
  25. Williamson A, Martineau AR, Sheikh A, Jolliffe D, Griffiths CJ. Vitamin D for the management of asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023;2(2):CD011511. PubMed

See these in context on the Vitamin D monograph →

Vitamin K 12 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  3. Crowther MA, Ageno W, Garcia D, et al. Oral vitamin K versus placebo to correct excessive anticoagulation in patients receiving warfarin: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(5):293-300. PubMed
  4. Dietary vitamin K guidance: an effective strategy for stable control of oral anticoagulation? Nutr Rev. 2010;68(3):178-81. PubMed
  5. Kim JS, Nafziger AN, Gaedigk A, et al. Effects of oral vitamin K on S- and R-warfarin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: enhanced safety of warfarin as a CYP2C9 probe. J Clin Pharmacol. 2001 Jul;41(7):715-22. PubMed
  6. Riegert-Johnson, D. L. and Volcheck, G. W. The incidence of anaphylaxis following intravenous phytonadione (vitamin K1): a 5-year retrospective review. Ann.Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2002;89(4):400-406. PubMed
  7. Dezee, K. J., Shimeall, W. T., Douglas, K. M., Shumway, N. M., and O'malley, P. G. Treatment of excessive anticoagulation with phytonadione (vitamin K): a meta-analysis. Arch.Intern.Med. 2-27-2006;166(4):391-397. DOI
  8. Dentali, F., Ageno, W., and Crowther, M. Treatment of coumarin-associated coagulopathy: a systematic review and proposed treatment algorithms. J.Thromb.Haemost. 2006;4(9):1853-1863. PubMed
  9. Stevenson, M., Lloyd-Jones, M., and Papaioannou, D. Vitamin K to prevent fractures in older women: systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol.Assess. 2009;13(45):iii-134. PubMed
  10. Caluwé R, Vandecasteele S, Van Vlem B, Vermeer C, De Vriese AS. Vitamin K2 supplementation in haemodialysis patients: a randomized dose-finding study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014;29(7):1385-90.
  11. Huang ZB, Wan SL, Lu YJ, Ning L, Liu C, Fan SW. Does vitamin K2 play a role in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis for postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Osteoporos Int. 2015;26(3):1175-86. PubMed
  12. Hunnali CR, Devi U, Kitchanan S, Sethuraman G. Three Different Regimens for Vitamin K Birth Prophylaxis in Infants Born Preterm: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Pediatr 2023;255:98-104. PubMed

See these in context on the Vitamin K monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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