Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 4 of 5 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by MusclePharm

Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus label
See full label image
Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus is a dietary supplement by MusclePharm with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for weight loss, fat burning, boosting metabolism.Based on those ingredients, 312 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Acetyl-L-Carnitine, Raspberry Ketone, L-Carnitine Base. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus by MusclePharm

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus by MusclePharm — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus by MusclePharm

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “Carnitine Core Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (1,000 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus contains five active ingredients: raspberry ketone, acetyl-L-carnitine, L-carnitine base, L-carnitine-L-tartrate, and propionyl-L-carnitine (a proprietary blend). The carnitine compounds support energy production and may help with cardiovascular health and cognitive function.

Raspberry ketone is included for metabolism support, though evidence for weight loss is limited. The product also contains inactive ingredients including water, natural and artificial flavors, acesulfame potassium, sucralose, beta-carotene, potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and silicon dioxide.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: turn fat into energy for athletes.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Exercise-induced muscle damage, Exercise-induced muscle soreness, L-carnitine deficiency, Cardiovascular disease (CVD), Coronary heart disease (CHD) — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: L-carnitine is rated "Effective" for L-carnitine deficiency (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Propionyl-l-carnitine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Also on file: L-carnitine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Hyperlipidemia.

Evidence varies by ingredient. Acetyl-L-carnitine is possibly effective for age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer disease, alcohol use disorder, diabetic nerve damage (neuropathy), and depression.

L-carnitine base and L-carnitine-L-tartrate are effective for L-carnitine deficiency and possibly effective for high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), congestive heart failure, and angina. Propionyl-L-carnitine is possibly effective for ulcerative colitis, heart failure, angina, and cardiovascular disease.

Raspberry ketone has insufficient evidence for hair loss (alopecia areata) or weight loss (obesity) — the science doesn't yet support its use for these purposes.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Raspberry Ketone Acetyl-l-carnitine L-carnitine Propionyl-l-carnitine

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

The carnitine forms are generally well tolerated at typical doses. Acetyl-L-carnitine and L-carnitine may cause agitation, dry mouth, headache, insomnia, reduced appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or a fishy odor in urine, breath, and sweat.

Propionyl-L-carnitine commonly causes diarrhea, stomach pain, nausea, and vomiting, and one trial reported more frequent bronchitis and back pain compared to placebo. Raspberry ketone is structurally similar to a stimulant and carries theoretical risk of heart palpitations, rapid heartbeat, elevated blood pressure, and coronary spasm; rare case reports describe serious arrhythmias.

Because human safety data for high supplement doses is limited, use only under medical supervision. Raspberry ketone should be avoided in pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Acetyl-L-carnitine and propionyl-L-carnitine safety in pregnancy is not established, and breastfeeding safety is unknown for both. L-carnitine forms lack sufficient pregnancy data but are possibly safe while breastfeeding.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Raspberry Ketone Acetyl-l-carnitine L-carnitine Propionyl-l-carnitine

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Propionyl-l-carnitine, Acetyl-l-carnitine, L-carnitine, Raspberry Ketone.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs.
  • For scale: 312 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check with your pharmacist before taking this if you use blood thinners (warfarin, acenocoumarol), thyroid hormone replacement, serotonergic antidepressants or psychiatric drugs, or stimulant medications (decongestants, ADHD drugs, other stimulants). The blood thinner and thyroid interactions are Moderate severity and may reduce drug effectiveness or increase bleeding risk.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product may help support energy and heart health, but it interacts with blood thinners, thyroid hormones, certain antidepressants, and stimulants — potentially affecting how well those medications work. If you take any prescription drugs, especially a blood thinner or thyroid medication, talk to your pharmacist before starting.

The product is generally well tolerated but can cause digestive upset and a fishy body odor.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Mar 25, 2014.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus, straight from the product label.

Brand MusclePharm
Barcode (UPC) 713757369831
Net contents 16 oz.; 459 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Mar 25, 2014
DSLD ID 31198
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus by MusclePharm, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Tbsp
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Tbsp
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
713757369831
IngredientAmount% DV
Raspberry Ketone0 NP--
Acetyl-L-Carnitine0 NP--
L-Carnitine Base0 NP--
L-Carnitine-L-Tartrate0 NP--
Propionyl-L-Carnitine0 NP--
Carnitine Core Blend1000 mg--

Other ingredients: Water, Natural and Artificial flavors, Acesulfame Potassium, Sucralose, Beta-Carotene, Potassium Sorbate, Sodium Benzoate, Magnesium Stearate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Silicon Dioxide

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

CORE SERIES

MADE IN A cGMP CERTIFIED FACILITY MADE IN USA

TURN FAT INTO ENERGY! Carnitine Core assists in transporting long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria (the cells' "power plant") to make this process more effective. This amplifies an athlete's ability to metabolize fat into muscular energy. While the body produces carnitine naturally, many athletes supplement their intake. Raspberry ketones act as a natural energy booster for anybody on a low-calorie diet.

PROMOTES ENERGY FOR WEIGHT LOSS BY UTILIZING FAT ~ HELPS REDUCE BODY FAT ~ HELPS ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE AND ENDURANCE ~ HELPS CONVERT FAT TO ENERGY

Precautions

Do not use if you are pregnant, contemplating pregnancy or nursing. Consult your physician prior to using this product if you are taking any prescription or over-the-counter medication or if you have heart disease, thyroid disease, diabetes, high blood pressure or any other medical condition.

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.

ALLERGEN WARNING: This product was produced in a facility that may also process ingredients containing milk, egg, soybeans, shellfish, fish, tree nuts, and peanuts.

WARNING: Do not exceed the recommended serving suggestion.

Not for use by individuals under the age of 18.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Brand IP Statement(s)

MP FUELING ATHLETES SAFELY(TM)

OFFICIAL NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT PROVIDER OF THE UFC(R) ULTIMATE FIGHTING(R) CHAMPIONSHIP(R)

General

Dom v2.8 20121129

Formula

NATURAL & ARTIFICIAL FLAVORS

BALANCED CARNITINE FORMULA WITH RASPBERRY KETONES

FDA Statement of Identity

DIETARY SUPPLEMENT

Seals/Symbols

MP MUSCLEPHARM(R)

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

SUGGESTED USE: Shake well before each use. As a dietary supplement, take one (1) tablespoon or 1/2 oz. of Carnitine Core 1-3 times daily or as directed by a physician or licensed nutritionist. May also be mixed with your favorite juice or beverage.

Storage

Refrigerate after opening.

STORAGE: Store in a cool dry place.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus by MusclePharm label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus by MusclePharm

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Tbsp Dosage formPowder Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Carnitine Core Blend

1000 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Water, Natural and Artificial flavors, Acesulfame Potassium, Sucralose, Beta-Carotene, Potassium Sorbate, Sodium Benzoate, Magnesium Stearate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Silicon Dioxide. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus by MusclePharm Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
312Drugs
312 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Acetyl-L-Carnitine 203
Raspberry Ketone 174
L-Carnitine Base 19
Propionyl-L-Carnitine 19

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus interact with 312 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 5 ingredients in Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Acetyl-L-Carnitine Raspberry Ketone L-Carnitine Base Propionyl-L-Carnitine

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Acetyl-L-Carnitine4 drug types · 203 drugs

Acenocoumarol (Sintrom)

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of acetyl-L-carnitine, might enhance the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, an oral anticoagulant that is similar to warfarin, but shorter-acting. There are at least two case reports of INR elevation when L-carnitine was taken with acenocoumarol. In one case, a 33-year-old male with a previously stable INR had an elevated INR of 4.65 after L-carnitine was started and continued for 10 weeks. INR normalized after discontinuation of the L-carnitine-containing product. It is unclear if such an interaction would also occur with acetyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Serotonergic Drugs

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the risk of serotonergic side effects, including serotonin syndrome and cerebral vasoconstrictive disorders, when taken with serotonergic drugs.
Animal research shows that acetyl-L-carnitine can increase levels of serotonin in the brain.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might decrease the effectiveness of thyroid hormone replacement.
L-carnitine appears to act as a peripheral thyroid hormone antagonist by inhibiting entry of thyroid hormone into the nucleus of cells. Taking L-carnitine also seems to diminish some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. It is unclear if such an interaction would occur with acetyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of acetyl-L-carnitine, might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, a shorter-acting oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin. There is not enough information to know whether this interaction occurs with acetyl-L-carnitine and warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Acetyl-L-Carnitine full monograph & interactions

Raspberry Ketone2 drug types · 174 drugs

Stimulant Drugs

Theoretically, raspberry ketone might increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular effects with stimulant drugs.
Structurally, raspberry ketone resembles synephrine, a known stimulant agent. Heart palpitations, elevated blood pressure, coronary vasospasm, pulseless electrical activity arrest, and resistant polymorphic ventricular tachycardia have been reported in patients taking raspberry ketone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, raspberry ketone might increase warfarin dose requirements.
In one case report, a patient taking warfarin 55 mg per week had a decrease in INR over a period of one month while taking raspberry ketone 250 mg daily. A warfarin dose increase to 70 mg per week was necessary to maintain a therapeutic INR while taking raspberry ketone. The mechanism for this potential interaction is not known.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Raspberry Ketone full monograph & interactions

L-Carnitine Base3 drug types · 19 drugs

Acenocoumarol (Sintrom)

Theoretically, L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol.
L-carnitine might enhance the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, an oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin, but shorter-acting. There are at least two case reports of INR elevation with concomitant use. In one case, a 33-year-old male with a previously stable INR had an elevated INR of 4.65 after L-carnitine was started and continued for 10 weeks. INR normalized after discontinuation of the L-carnitine-containing product.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, L-carnitine might decrease the effectiveness of thyroid hormone replacement.
L-carnitine appears to act as a peripheral thyroid hormone antagonist by inhibiting entry of thyroid hormone into the nucleus of cells. Taking L-carnitine also seems to diminish some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, a shorter-acting oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin. There is not enough information to know whether this interaction occurs with L-carnitine and warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
L-Carnitine Base full monograph & interactions

Propionyl-L-Carnitine3 drug types · 19 drugs

Acenocoumarol (Sintrom)

Theoretically, propionyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of propionyl-L-carnitine, might enhance the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, an oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin, but shorter-acting. There are at least two case reports of INR elevation when L-carnitine was taken with acenocoumarol. In one case, a 33-year-old male with a previously stable INR had an elevated INR of 4.65 after L-carnitine was started and continued for 10 weeks. INR normalized after discontinuation of the L-carnitine-containing product. It is unclear if such an interaction would also occur with propionyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might decrease the effectiveness of thyroid hormone replacement.
L-carnitine appears to act as a peripheral thyroid hormone antagonist by inhibiting entry of thyroid hormone into the nucleus of cells. Taking L-carnitine also seems to diminish some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. It is unclear if such an interaction would occur with propionyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, propionyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of propionyl-L-carnitine, might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, a shorter-acting oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin. There is not enough information to know whether this interaction occurs with propionyl-L-carnitine and warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Propionyl-L-Carnitine full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus, from the product label.

MusclePharm

See all MusclePharm products
Web Address
MUSCLEPHARM.COM
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus by MusclePharm: Common Questions

Does Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus by MusclePharm interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus has a known interaction with 312 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm on warfarin or another blood thinner?
Not without checking with your pharmacist or doctor first. Multiple ingredients in this product may increase how strong your blood thinner works, raising bleeding risk. One case showed a patient needed a higher warfarin dose while taking raspberry ketone. Your prescriber may need to adjust your dose or monitor you more closely.
Will this affect my thyroid medication?
Possibly. The carnitine ingredients may block thyroid hormone from working as well as it should. If you take thyroid replacement, mention this product to your doctor or pharmacist before you start, so they can monitor whether your dose needs adjusting.
Is this safe to take while pregnant or breastfeeding?
The safety data isn't complete. Raspberry ketone should be avoided in pregnancy and while breastfeeding. The carnitine forms lack enough safety information for pregnancy — talk with your doctor before using. L-carnitine is possibly safe while breastfeeding, but the others haven't been well studied.
What side effects might I experience?
Most commonly, digestive upset (nausea, diarrhea, stomach cramps, heartburn) and a fishy odor in sweat, breath, or urine. Some people report agitation, dry mouth, or headache. Raspberry ketone carries a theoretical risk of heart palpitations or high blood pressure because it resembles a stimulant.
Does this actually work for weight loss?
The evidence doesn't support it yet. Raspberry ketone has insufficient reliable evidence for obesity. The carnitine forms are supported for other uses — energy, heart health, cognitive function — but not specifically for weight loss.
Is there a fishy smell from the carnitine?
Yes, some people report a fish-like odor in urine, breath, and sweat. It's caused by a metabolite of the carnitine ingredients and is harmless but can be noticeable, especially at higher doses.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Raspberry Ketone

Interacts with 174 drugs

Raspberry ketone is a natural aroma compound found in red raspberries that is heavily marketed for weight loss, but there is no good human evidence that it helps people lose weight. Most cla...

Read the full Raspberry Ketone monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Acetyl-l-carnitine

Interacts with 203 drugs

Acetyl-L-carnitine is a form of the amino acid carnitine that the body uses to help produce energy in cells. It is most studied for nerve pain and memory-related conditions, though the evide...

Read the full Acetyl-l-carnitine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

L-carnitine

Interacts with 19 drugs

L-carnitine is a compound your body makes naturally and also gets from foods like meat. It helps cells turn fat into energy, and supplements are most clearly useful for people with a true ca...

Read the full L-carnitine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Propionyl-l-carnitine

Interacts with 19 drugs

Propionyl-l-carnitine is a form of the amino acid derivative carnitine that the body uses to help turn fat into energy, and it is studied mostly for circulation problems like peripheral arte...

Read the full Propionyl-l-carnitine monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Liquid Carnitine Core Citrus's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 79 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Raspberry Ketone 4 references
  1. Adverse Event Report. Raspberry Ketone. Natural MedWatch, April 27, 2012.
  2. Adverse Event Report. Raspberry Ketone. Natural MedWatch, September 18, 2011.
  3. Ansari SA, Patel F, Ashouri D, Dhaliwal JSS, Desai A. Resistant Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in a Patient Taking Raspberry Ketones Weight Loss Supplement. Cureus 2022;14(12):e33089. PubMed
  4. Khattar A, Beeton I. Coronary vasospasm and raspberry ketones weight-loss supplement: Is there a connection? Anatol J Cardiol. 2020;24(3):205-208.

See these in context on the Raspberry Ketone monograph →

Acetyl-l-carnitine 22 references
  1. Thal LJ, Carta A, Clarke WR, et al. A 1-year multicenter placebo-controlled study of acetyl-L-carnitine in patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1996;47:705-11. PubMed
  2. Sano M, Bell K, Cote L, et al. Double-blind parallel design pilot study of acetyl levocarnitine in patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Arch Neurol 1992;49:1137-41. PubMed
  3. Spagnoli A, Lucca U, Menasce G, et al. Long-term acetyl-L-carnitine treatment in Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1991;41:1726-32. PubMed
  4. Brooks JO 3rd, Yesavage JA, Carta A, Bravi D. Acetyl L-carnitine slows decline in younger patients with Alzheimer's disease: a reanalysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled study using the trilinear approach. Int Psychoger 1998;10:193-203. PubMed
  5. Pettegrew JW, Klunk WE, Panchalingam K, et al. Clinical and neurochemical effects of acetyl-L-carnitine in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 1995;16:1-4. PubMed
  6. Rai G, Wright G, Scott L, et al. Double-blind, placebo controlled study of acetyl-l-carnitine in patients with Alzheimer's dementia. Curr Med Res Opin 1990;11:638-47. PubMed
  7. Benvenga S, Ruggeri RM, Russo A, et al. Usefulness of L-carnitine, a naturally occurring peripheral antagonist of thyroid hormone action, in iatrogenic hyperthyroidism: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Endocrinol Meta
  8. Montgomery SA, Thal LJ, Amrein R. Meta-analysis of double blind randomized controlled clinical trials of acetyl-L-carnitine versus placebo in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2003;18:61-71.. PubMed
  9. Martinez E, Domingo P, Roca-Cusachs A. Potentiation of acenocoumarol action by L-carnitine. J Intern Med 1993;233:94.
  10. Hudson S, Tabet N. Acetyl-L-carnitine for dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;2:CD003158.. PubMed
  11. Bachmann HU, Hoffmann A. Interaction of food supplement L-carnitine with oral anticoagulant acenocoumarol. Swiss Med Wkly 2004;134:385. PubMed
  12. De Grandis D, Minardi C. Acetyl-L-carnitine (levacecarnine) in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. A long-term, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Drugs R D 2002;3:223-31. PubMed
  13. 12761 Benvenga S, Amato A, Calvani M, Trimarchi F. Effects of carnitine on thyroid hormone action. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004;1033:158-67. PubMed
  14. Sima AAF, Calvani M, Mehra M, et al. Acetyl-L-carnitine improves pain, nerve regeneration, and vibratory perception in patients with chronic diabetic neuropathy: An analysis of two randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Diabetes Care 2005;28:89-94.
  15. Youle, M. and Osio, M. A double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, multicentre study of acetyl L-carnitine in the symptomatic treatment of antiretroviral toxic neuropathy in patients with HIV-1 infection. HIV.Med. 2007;8(4):241-250.
  16. Brennan BP, Jensen JE, Hudson JI, Coit CE, Beaulieu A, Pope HG Jr, Renshaw PF, Cohen BM. A placebo-controlled trial of acetyl-L-carnitine and a-lipoic acid in the treatment of bipolar depression. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2013 Oct;33(5):627-35.
  17. Ledinek AH, Sajko MC, Rot U. Evaluating the effects of amantadin, modafinil and acetyl-L-carnitine on fatigue in multiple sclerosis--result of a pilot randomized, blind study. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2013 Dec;115 Suppl 1:S86-9. PubMed
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  19. Baek SM, Zheng R, Seo EJ, Hwang DY, Kim BH. Pharmacokinetic comparisons of two acetyl-L-carnitine formulations in healthy Korean volunteers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2015;53(11):980-6. PubMed
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  21. Bruno A, Pandolfo G, Crucitti M, Lorusso S, Zoccali RA, Muscatello MR. Acetyl-L-Carnitine Augmentation of Clozapine in Partial-Responder Schizophrenia: A 12-Week, Open-Label Uncontrolled Preliminary Study. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2016;39(6):277-80. PubMed
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L-carnitine 41 references
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Propionyl-l-carnitine 12 references
  1. Cherchi A, Lai C, Onnis E, et al. Propionyl carnitine in stable effort angina. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1990;4:481-6. PubMed
  2. Bartels GL, Remme WJ, den Hartog FR, et al. Additional anti-ischemic effects of long-term L-propionylcarnitine in anginal patients treated with conventional antianginal therapy. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1995;9:749-53.
  3. Caponnetto S, Canale C, Masperone MA, et al. Efficacy of L-propionylcarnitine treatment in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Eur Heart J 1994;15:1267-73. PubMed
  4. Benvenga S, Ruggeri RM, Russo A, et al. Usefulness of L-carnitine, a naturally occurring peripheral antagonist of thyroid hormone action, in iatrogenic hyperthyroidism: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Endocrinol Meta
  5. Martinez E, Domingo P, Roca-Cusachs A. Potentiation of acenocoumarol action by L-carnitine. J Intern Med 1993;233:94.
  6. Bachmann HU, Hoffmann A. Interaction of food supplement L-carnitine with oral anticoagulant acenocoumarol. Swiss Med Wkly 2004;134:385. PubMed
  7. Gentile V, Vicini P, Prigiotti G, et al. Preliminary observations on the use of propionyl-L-carnitine in combination with sildenafil in patients with erectile dysfunction and diabetes. Curr Med Res Opin 2004;20:1377-84. PubMed
  8. 12761 Benvenga S, Amato A, Calvani M, Trimarchi F. Effects of carnitine on thyroid hormone action. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004;1033:158-67. PubMed
  9. Brass EP, Koster D, Hiatt WR, Amato A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of propionyl-L-carnitine effects on exercise performance in patients with claudication. Vasc Med 2013;18:3-12.
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  11. Jacobs PL, Goldstein ER, Blackburn W, et al. Glycine propionyl-L-carnitine produces enhanced anaerobic work capacity with reduced lactate accumulation in resistance trained males. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2009;6:9. PubMed
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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