Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 4 of 5 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Bluebonnet

Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Amino Acid/protein
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor is a dietary supplement by Bluebonnet with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for general nutrition and energy, skin and hair health, acne (topical and oral).Based on those ingredients, 903 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Hydroxycitric Acid, Sodium, L-Carnitine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor by Bluebonnet

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor by Bluebonnet — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor by Bluebonnet

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Aug 13, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 4 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This liquid contains four active ingredients. L-carnitine (1100 mg per serving) is an amino acid that your body uses to convert fat into energy — it's the main ingredient here.

Pantothenic acid is a B vitamin involved in breaking down food for energy. Sodium, an electrolyte, is present in small amounts.

Hydroxycitric acid comes from garcinia fruit and is included in small amounts. The product also contains inactive ingredients: purified water, glycerin, raspberry flavor, and sodium benzoate as a preservative.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: enhance energy production for optimal workout.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Exercise-induced muscle damage, Exercise-induced muscle soreness, L-carnitine deficiency, Energy metabolism, Muscle recovery — and 2 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: L-carnitine is rated "Effective" for L-carnitine deficiency (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Garcinia is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Athletic performance.
  • Also on file: Pantothenic Acid is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Athletic performance.

L-carnitine is considered effective for L-carnitine deficiency and possibly effective for heart-related conditions like congestive heart failure and angina, as well as for high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia). Pantothenic acid is effective for pantothenic acid deficiency but has insufficient evidence for most other uses listed.

Hydroxycitric acid has insufficient evidence for the conditions evaluated — we don't have strong data showing it works for weight, cholesterol, liver health, or athletic performance. Sodium's role here is as an electrolyte, not for treating a specific condition.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Pantothenic Acid Sodium L-carnitine Garcinia

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

L-carnitine is generally well tolerated at typical doses, though some people report stomach upset, nausea, diarrhea, or a fish-like body odor. Pantothenic acid taken orally is generally well tolerated; the safety data advises checking with your doctor before taking high-dose supplements.

Sodium is fine at normal dietary amounts but too much is linked to high blood pressure and heart strain — the safety notes caution against sodium supplements or very high intake without medical advice. Hydroxycitric acid is generally tolerated short-term, but rare reports of liver injury have been noted.

For pregnancy, pantothenic acid is likely safe, but hydroxycitric acid data advises against use — there is insufficient information on L-carnitine in pregnancy, so talk with your doctor about that ingredient specifically. For breastfeeding, pantothenic acid is likely safe and L-carnitine is possibly safe, but hydroxycitric acid data advises against it and there is insufficient information on sodium.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Pantothenic Acid Sodium L-carnitine Garcinia

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Garcinia, L-carnitine, Sodium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 904 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you start, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (warfarin, aspirin, clopidogrel) — L-carnitine and hydroxycitric acid may increase bleeding risk. Blood pressure medications (antihypertensives), lithium, thyroid hormone replacement, diabetes drugs, antidepressants and other serotonergic medications, and corticosteroids all have documented interactions.

Sodium in this product specifically affects how well blood pressure drugs and lithium work.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product may be worth considering if you have L-carnitine deficiency or are interested in energy and heart support — though evidence for most of its other claimed uses is limited. If you take blood thinners, blood pressure medications, thyroid hormone, lithium, diabetes medications, or antidepressants, you'll need to check with your own doctor or pharmacist first, since this product has documented interactions with all of those.

Anyone with high blood pressure or kidney concerns should also clear it with their healthcare provider because of the sodium content.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 23, 2023.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor, straight from the product label.

Brand Bluebonnet
Barcode (UPC) 743715000353
Net contents 8 fl. Oz.; 236 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jan 23, 2023
DSLD ID 280168
Product type Amino Acid/protein
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), No Allergies, Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor by Bluebonnet, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
15 mL
Maximum serving Sizes:
15 mL
Servings per container
16
UPC/BARCODE
743715000353
IngredientAmount% DV
Protein1 Gram(s)2%
Pantothenic Acid10 mg100%
Calories15 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrate3 Gram(s)1%
Total Sugars0 Gram(s)--
Sodium2 mg1%
L-Carnitine1100 mg--
Hydroxycitric Acid20 mg--

Other ingredients: Water, Purified, Glycerin, Raspberry flavor, Sodium Benzoate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: As a dietary supplement, take one tablespoon (15 mL) daily, preferably with a meal or as directed by a healthcare practitioner.

Formula

Bluebonnet's Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg is formulated with free-form L-carnitine from Lonza along with complementary ingredients, hydroxycitric acid and pantothenic acid to enhance energy production for an optimal workout.

Formulation

Free of milk, egg, fish, crustacean shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, soybeans and sesame. Also free of gluten, barley, rice and sugar.

Made in USA from imported and domestic ingredients.

Made with Non GMO ingredients

Energy, stamina & endurance

Gluten free

Vegan

Precautions

Caution: For adults only.

Consult physician if pregnant/nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition.

Keep out of reach of children.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Brand IP Statement(s)

Carnipure is a registered trademark of Lonza Ltd, Switzerland.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Seals/Symbols

Made with Non GMO ingredients

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor by Bluebonnet label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor by Bluebonnet

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size15 mL Dosage formLiquid Servings per container16 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Protein

1 Gram(s) per serving

Pantothenic Acid

No known
interactions
10 mg per serving Form: Calcium D-Pantothenate

Pantothenic acid is vitamin B5, an essential nutrient your body uses to turn food into energy. True deficiency is very rare because it is found in nea...

Pantothenic Acid monograph & interactions

Sodium

Interacts with
205 drugs
2 mg per serving

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets g...

Sodium monograph & interactions

L-Carnitine

Interacts with
19 drugs
1100 mg per serving Form: L-Carnitine L-Tartrate

L-carnitine is a compound your body makes naturally and also gets from foods like meat. It helps cells turn fat into energy, and supplements are most...

L-Carnitine monograph & interactions

Hydroxycitric Acid

Interacts with
704 drugs
20 mg per serving

Garcinia is a tropical fruit whose rind contains hydroxycitric acid (HCA), widely marketed for weight loss and appetite control. The scientific eviden...

Hydroxycitric Acid monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Water, Purified, Glycerin, Raspberry flavor, Sodium Benzoate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor by Bluebonnet Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
903Drugs
903 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Hydroxycitric Acid 704
Sodium 205
L-Carnitine 19

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor interact with 903 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 5 ingredients in Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Hydroxycitric Acid Sodium L-Carnitine

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Hydroxycitric Acid4 drug types · 704 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, hydroxycitric acid (HCA), the main active ingredient in garcinia, might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
HCA inhibits platelet aggregation in vitro. The inhibitory effect seems to be greater in platelets extracted from diabetic subjects than non-diabetic subjects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, hydroxycitric acid (HCA), the main active ingredient in garcinia, might have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs and increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
HCA reduces fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels in animal models, theoretically by delaying glucose absorption. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Hepatotoxic Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use with other potentially hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of developing liver damage.
There have been reports of acute hepatitis with elevated liver enzymes associated with garcinia, when taken alone or in combination with other ingredients. Case reports collected from the Drug Induced Liver Injury Network suggest this risk may be greater in people who carry the HLA B*35:01 allele.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Serotonergic Drugs

Theoretically, combining garcinia with other serotonergic drugs might increase the risk of serotonergic side effects, including serotonin syndrome.
In one report, a patient experienced serotonin syndrome after taking garcinia extract (60% hydroxycitric acid) 1000 mg daily in combination with escitalopram 20 mg, which had been taken for a year. The patient was switched to sertraline 50 mg daily and again experienced serotonin syndrome.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Hydroxycitric Acid full monograph & interactions

Sodium7 drug types · 205 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
High intake of dietary sodium can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, high intake of sodium may necessitate increased use of antihypertensive medications to achieve blood pressure control in some patients, such as those with chronic kidney disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Corticosteroids

Concomitant use of mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) cause sodium retention. This effect is dose-related and depends on mineralocorticoid potency. It is most common with hydrocortisone, cortisone, and fludrocortisone, followed by prednisone and prednisolone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Didanosine (Videx)

Concomitant use of didanosine with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Didanosine formulations contain a significant amount of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Lithium

Altering dietary intake of sodium might alter the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
High sodium intake can reduce plasma concentrations of lithium by increasing lithium excretion. Reducing sodium intake can significantly increase plasma concentrations of lithium and cause lithium toxicity in patients being treated with lithium carbonate. Stabilizing sodium intake is shown to reduce the percentage of patients with lithium level fluctuations above 0.8 mEq/L. Patients taking lithium should avoid significant alterations in their dietary intake of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Phosphates

Theoretically, concomitant use of sodium phosphate with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Use of high doses (> 45 mL in 24 hours) of sodium phosphate, such as those used for bowel cleansing before surgery, can lead to serious electrolyte disturbances, including hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sodium-Containing Drugs

Concomitant use of sodium-containing drugs with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia and long-term sodium-related complications.
The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) intake level of 2.3 grams of sodium daily indicates the intake at which it is believed that chronic disease risk increases for the apparently healthy population. Some medications contain high quantities of sodium. When used in conjunction with sodium supplements or high-sodium diets, the CDRR may be exceeded. Additionally, concomitant use may increase the risk for hypernatremia; this risk is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolvaptan (Samsca)

Theoretically, concomitant use of tolvaptan with sodium might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that is used to increase sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. Patients taking tolvaptan should use caution with the use of sodium salts such as sodium chloride.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Sodium full monograph & interactions

L-Carnitine3 drug types · 19 drugs

Acenocoumarol (Sintrom)

Theoretically, L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol.
L-carnitine might enhance the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, an oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin, but shorter-acting. There are at least two case reports of INR elevation with concomitant use. In one case, a 33-year-old male with a previously stable INR had an elevated INR of 4.65 after L-carnitine was started and continued for 10 weeks. INR normalized after discontinuation of the L-carnitine-containing product.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, L-carnitine might decrease the effectiveness of thyroid hormone replacement.
L-carnitine appears to act as a peripheral thyroid hormone antagonist by inhibiting entry of thyroid hormone into the nucleus of cells. Taking L-carnitine also seems to diminish some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, a shorter-acting oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin. There is not enough information to know whether this interaction occurs with L-carnitine and warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
L-Carnitine full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor, from the product label.

Bluebonnet

Name
Bluebonnet Nutrition Corporation
Street Address
12915 Dairy Ashford
City
Sugar Land
State
TX
ZipCode
77478
Web Address
www.bluebonnetnutrition.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor by Bluebonnet: Common Questions

Does Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor by Bluebonnet interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor has a known interaction with 903 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
What is L-carnitine and what does it do?
L-carnitine is an amino acid your body uses to turn fat into energy. It's considered effective if you have an L-carnitine deficiency and is possibly effective for some heart conditions and high cholesterol, though it won't work the same way for everyone.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Pantothenic acid in this product is likely safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding. L-carnitine has insufficient safety data during pregnancy — talk with your doctor. Hydroxycitric acid data advises against use during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Check with your own doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice.
What side effects might I notice?
The most common ones from L-carnitine are stomach upset, nausea, diarrhea, and sometimes a fish-like body odor. Hydroxycitric acid may cause diarrhea, nausea, headache, or stomach discomfort. Both are generally well tolerated at typical doses, though rare serious side effects have been reported.
Does this product have any fillers or other inactive ingredients?
Yes — it contains purified water, glycerin, raspberry flavor, and sodium benzoate (a preservative). These are inactive ingredients that help make the liquid drinkable and stable.
Why does this liquid have sodium in it if sodium can raise blood pressure?
Sodium is naturally present in small amounts in supplements and food. The amount here is likely modest, but if you have high blood pressure, kidney problems, or take blood pressure medications or lithium, you should check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking it.
Is hydroxycitric acid proven to help with weight or cholesterol?
The evidence we have isn't strong enough to say whether it works for weight, cholesterol, liver health, or athletic performance — those uses have insufficient reliable evidence to rate.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Pantothenic Acid

Pantothenic acid is vitamin B5, an essential nutrient your body uses to turn food into energy. True deficiency is very rare because it is found in nearly all foods, and most people meet thei...

Read the full Pantothenic Acid monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Sodium

Interacts with 205 drugs

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...

Read the full Sodium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

L-carnitine

Interacts with 19 drugs

L-carnitine is a compound your body makes naturally and also gets from foods like meat. It helps cells turn fat into energy, and supplements are most clearly useful for people with a true ca...

Read the full L-carnitine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Garcinia

Interacts with 704 drugs

Garcinia is a tropical fruit whose rind contains hydroxycitric acid (HCA), widely marketed for weight loss and appetite control. The scientific evidence is weak and mixed, with most studies...

Read the full Garcinia monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Liquid L-Carnitine 1100 mg Raspberry Flavor's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 134 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Pantothenic Acid 11 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Yates AA, Schlicker SA, Suitor CW. Dietary reference intakes: The new basis for recommendations for calcium and related nutrients, B vitamins, and choline. J Am Diet Assoc 1998;98:699-706. PubMed
  3. Debourdeau PM, Djezzar S, Estival JL, et al. Life-threatening eosinophilic pleuropericardial effusion related to vitamins B5 and H. Ann Pharmacother 2001;35:424-6. DOI
  4. Schmuth, M., Wimmer, M. A., Hofer, S., Sztankay, A., Weinlich, G., Linder, D. M., Elias, P. M., Fritsch, P. O., and Fritsch, E. Topical corticosteroid therapy for acute radiation dermatitis: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Br.J.Dermatol. 2 PubMed
  5. Schreck, U., Paulsen, F., Bamberg, M., and Budach, W. Intraindividual comparison of two different skin care conceptions in patients undergoing radiotherapy of the head-and-neck region. Creme or powder? Strahlenther.Onkol. 2002;178(6):321-329. PubMed
  6. Herbst, R. A., Uter, W., Pirker, C., Geier, J., and Frosch, P. J. Allergic and non-allergic periorbital dermatitis: patch test results of the Information Network of the Departments of Dermatology during a 5-year period. Contact Dermatitis 2004;51(1):13-1 PubMed
  7. Champault, G. and Patel, J. C. [Treatment of constipation with Bepanthene]. Med.Chir Dig. 1977;6(1):57-59.
  8. Scott LN, Fiume M, Bergfeld WF, et al. Safety Assessment of Panthenol, Pantothenic Acid, and Derivatives as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2022;41(3_suppl):77-128. PubMed
  9. Han J, Warshaw EM. Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Panthenol in "Hypoallergenic" Products. Dermatitis 2023;34(1):62-63. PubMed
  10. Blanchard G, Kerre S, Walker A, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis from pantolactone and dexpanthenol in wound healing creams. Contact Dermatitis 2022;87(5):468-471. PubMed
  11. Peltier E, Trapp S, de Salvo R, et al. A new dexpanthenol-containing liquid cleanser for atopic-prone skin: Results from two prospective clinical studies evaluating cutaneous tolerability, moisturization potential, and effects on barrier function. J Cosme PubMed

See these in context on the Pantothenic Acid monograph →

Sodium 38 references
  1. Garabedian-Ruffalo SM, Ruffalo RL. Drug and nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1986;33:165-74.
  2. Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
  3. Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
  4. Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
  5. Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
  6. Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
  7. Boudville N, Ward S, Benaroia M, House AA. Increased sodium intake correlates with greater use of antihypertensive agents by subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hypertens 2005;18(10):1300-5. PubMed
  8. Bennett WM. Drug interactions and consequences of sodium restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(2 Suppl):678S-681S. PubMed
  9. Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
  10. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
  11. D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
  12. Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
  13. Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
  14. Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
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