Longevity Enzymes Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Altrum
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Longevity Enzymes against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Longevity Enzymes is a dietary supplement by Altrum with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency, hemorrhoids, easy bruising and fragile capillaries.Based on those ingredients, 227 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Bromelain, Rutin, Papain. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Longevity Enzymes by Altrum
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Longevity Enzymes by Altrum — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
Ask the Pharmacist
A licensed pharmacist will answer your question by email — free, usually within 24 hours.
Got it — thank you!
A licensed pharmacist will answer within 24 hours. Keep an eye on your email (worth checking spam, just in case).
HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Longevity Enzymes by Altrum
Four independent checks of what is known — a summary of the available information, not a grade of the product itself.
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
The stated purpose hasn't been mapped to our evidence data yet.
Why this rating?
- We haven't mapped this product's purpose to our evidence data yet — it'll be graded on the next content refresh.
Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.
Why this rating?
- The label discloses an exact amount for 1 of its 6 active ingredients.
- “Proprietary Enzyme Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (500 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.
Why this rating?
- 3 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Papain, Rutin, Bromelain.
- The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
- Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
- For scale: 227 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.
Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.
Why this rating?
- We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
- Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
- General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
- Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.
HelloPharmacist summaryFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no assessable stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Assessment coverage: 5 of 6 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 23, 2015.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Longevity Enzymes, straight from the product label.
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Longevity Enzymes by Altrum, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Amylase | 0 NP | -- |
| Papain | 0 NP | -- |
| Bromelain | 0 NP | -- |
| Protease | 0 NP | -- |
| Lipase | 0 NP | -- |
| Rutin | 150 mg | -- |
| Proprietary Enzyme Blend | 500 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Gelatin capsule, Rice Bran
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements
"The Key to Long Life!"
The Key to Long Life!
Brand IP Statement(s)
Longevity Enzymes(TM) are life-supporting enzymes providing nutritional defense against inflammation and aging. Longevity Enzymes(TM) (DZM) support metabolic enzymes which run our bodies. Ultra Daily Enzymes (DEU) support digestive enzymes which digest our foods.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Use both ALTRUM enzyme formulas to fully maximize your body's life-supporting enzymes.
SUGGESTED USE: Take 2 capsules twice daily preferably between meals with a full glass of water. 3 capsules once per day may be sufficient for some. Dosage may be adjusted.
General
Product Code DZM-01
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Storage
Store in cool, dry place out of sunlight.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
*This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Longevity Enzymes by Altrum label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Longevity Enzymes by Altrum
These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container45 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Rutin
Interacts with86 drugs
Rutin is a plant flavonoid (often taken from buckwheat or citrus) that people use mainly for blood vessel and circulation problems like varicose veins...
Rutin monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin capsule, Rice Bran. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Longevity Enzymes by Altrum Drug Interactions
Longevity Enzymes contains 6 ingredients, and 3 of them have known drug interactions. Altogether they interact with 227 medications. Here’s the picture, then you can look up your own drug.
Want to check YOUR meds against Longevity Enzymes?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Longevity Enzymes interact with 227 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
3 of the 6 ingredients in Longevity Enzymes interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Bromelain Rutin Papain
Canagliflozin, Metformin HydrochlorideInvokamet XR
How Canagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RutinAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rutin + Canagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interactionCangrelorKengreal
How Cangrelor interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Cangrelor interactionChlorpropamideChlorpropam, Diabinese
How Chlorpropamide interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RutinAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rutin + Chlorpropamide interactionCilostazolPletal
How Cilostazol interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Cilostazol interactionClopidogrelPlavix
How Clopidogrel interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Clopidogrel interactionDalteparinFragmin
How Dalteparin interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Dalteparin interactionDanaparoidOrgaran
How Danaparoid interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Danaparoid interactionDapagliflozinFarxiga
How Dapagliflozin interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RutinAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rutin + Dapagliflozin interactionDapagliflozin Propanediol, MetforminXigduo XR
How Dapagliflozin Propanediol, Metformin interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RutinAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rutin + Dapagliflozin Propanediol, Metformin interactionDapagliflozin Propanediol, Saxagliptin HydrochlorideQtern
How Dapagliflozin Propanediol, Saxagliptin Hydrochloride interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RutinAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rutin + Dapagliflozin Propanediol, Saxagliptin Hydrochloride interactionDapagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride, Saxagliptin HydrochlorideQternmet XR
How Dapagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride, Saxagliptin Hydrochloride interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RutinAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rutin + Dapagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride, Saxagliptin Hydrochloride interactionDasiglucagon HydrochlorideZegalogue
How Dasiglucagon Hydrochloride interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RutinAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rutin + Dasiglucagon Hydrochloride interactionDefibrotide SodiumDefitelio
How Defibrotide Sodium interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Defibrotide Sodium interactionDiclofenacZorvolex
How Diclofenac interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Diclofenac interactionDiclofenac PotassiumCambia, Cataflam, Cataflam IR, Voltaren Rapide, Voltarol Rapid
How Diclofenac Potassium interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Diclofenac Potassium interactionDiclofenac SodiumAcoflam, Acoflam 75 SR, Acoflam Retard, Defenac, Defenac Retard, Defenac SR +40 more
How Diclofenac Sodium interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Diclofenac Sodium interactionDiclofenac Sodium, MisoprostolArthrotec 50, Arthrotec 75
How Diclofenac Sodium, Misoprostol interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Diclofenac Sodium, Misoprostol interactionDiclofenac EpolamineFlector, Licart
How Diclofenac Epolamine interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Diclofenac Epolamine interactionDicumarolDicumarol
How Dicumarol interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Dicumarol interactionDiphenhydramine Hydrochloride, Naproxen SodiumAleve PM
How Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride, Naproxen Sodium interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride, Naproxen Sodium interactionDipyridamoleDipyridamole, Persantin, Persantin Injection, Persantin Retard, Persantine
How Dipyridamole interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Dipyridamole interactionDulaglutideTrulicity
How Dulaglutide interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RutinAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rutin + Dulaglutide interactionEdoxabanSavaysa
How Edoxaban interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Edoxaban interactionEffientPrasugrel
How Effient interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Effient interactionEmpagliflozinJardiance
How Empagliflozin interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RutinAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rutin + Empagliflozin interactionEmpagliflozin, Linagliptin, Metformin HydrochlorideTrijardy XR
How Empagliflozin, Linagliptin, Metformin Hydrochloride interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RutinAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rutin + Empagliflozin, Linagliptin, Metformin Hydrochloride interactionEmpagliflozin, MetforminSynjardy
How Empagliflozin, Metformin interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RutinAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rutin + Empagliflozin, Metformin interactionEmpagliflozin, Metformin HydrochlorideSynjardy XR
How Empagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RutinAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rutin + Empagliflozin, Metformin Hydrochloride interactionEnoxaparinLovenox
How Enoxaparin interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Enoxaparin interactionEptifibatideIntegrilin
How Eptifibatide interacts with Longevity Enzymes — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Eptifibatide interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Longevity Enzymes with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Bromelain
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
There is one case report of a patient experiencing minor bruising while taking bromelain with naproxen. Bromelain is thought to have antiplatelet activity. Whether this interaction is of concern with topical bromelain is unclear. Interference with coagulation of burn wounds has been reported in a patient receiving bromelain-based enzymatic debridement. However, observational research has found that topical bromelain debridement is not associated with increases or decreases in laboratory markers of coagulation when compared with surgical debridement.
Tetracycline Antibiotics
Theoretically, bromelain might increase levels of tetracycline antibiotics.
Laboratory research suggests that bromelain might increase the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics. However, a study in healthy adults reported no difference in tetracycline plasma levels when a 500 mg dose was taken with or without bromelain 80 mg.
Rutin
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking rutin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal research suggests that rutin has hypoglycemic effects.
Papain
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, papain might increase the effects and side effects of warfarin.
In one case report, a patient previously stable on warfarin was found to have an international normalization ratio (INR) of 7.4, which was attributed to ingestion of a supplement containing papain from papaya extract.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Longevity Enzymes, from the product label.
Altrum
See all Altrum products- Name
- ALTRUM Nutrition Div. of AMSOIL INC.
- City
- Superior
- State
- WI
- ZipCode
- 54880
- Phone Number
- (715) 392-7101
Longevity Enzymes by Altrum: Common Questions
Does Longevity Enzymes by Altrum interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Longevity Enzymes is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Longevity Enzymes’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Rutin
Interacts with 86 drugsRutin is a plant flavonoid (often taken from buckwheat or citrus) that people use mainly for blood vessel and circulation problems like varicose veins and hemorrhoids. The evidence is limite...
Read the full Rutin monograph → Herb & supplement monographPapain
Interacts with 2 drugsPapain is a protein-digesting enzyme from the papaya plant that is used in digestive supplements and some topical products. While it has clear food and laboratory uses, strong human evidence...
Read the full Papain monograph → Herb & supplement monographBromelain
Interacts with 141 drugsBromelain is a group of protein-digesting enzymes from pineapple that people take mainly for inflammation, swelling, and sinus problems. Some early studies are promising, but the overall evi...
Read the full Bromelain monograph → Herb & supplement monographProteolytic Enzymes (proteases)
Proteolytic enzymes are proteins that help break down other proteins, and common examples include bromelain (from pineapple), papain (from papaya), trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pancreatin. Peo...
Read the full Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph → Herb & supplement monographLipase
Lipase is a digestive enzyme that helps your body break down dietary fats. It is well established as part of prescription pancreatic enzyme therapy for people who cannot make enough of their...
Read the full Lipase monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Longevity Enzymes's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 36 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Papain 11 references
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Shaw D, Leon C, Kolev S, Murray V. Traditional remedies and food supplements: a 5-year toxicological study (1991-1995). Drug Saf 1997;17:342-56.
- Shuttleworth D, Hill S, Marks R, Connelly DM. Relief of experimentally induced pruritus with a novel eutectic mixture of local anaesthetic agents. Br J Dermatol 1988;119:535-40.
- Mansfield LE, Ting S, Haverly RW, Yoo TJ. The incidence and clinical implications of hypersensitivity to papain in an allergic population, confirmed by blinded oral challenge. Ann Allergy 1985;55:541-3.
- Martin, T., Uhder, K., Kurek, R., Roeddiger, S., Schneider, L., Vogt, H. G., Heyd, R., and Zamboglou, N. Does prophylactic treatment with proteolytic enzymes reduce acute toxicity of adjuvant pelvic irradiation? Results of a double-blind randomized trial PubMed
- Walker-Renard, P. Update on the medicinal management of phytobezoars. Am J Gastroenterol. 1993;88(10):1663-1666.
- Tymoszuk D, Wiszniewska M, Walusiak-Skorupa J. Papain-induced occupational rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma - A case report. Med Pr 2016;67(1):109-12. PubMed
- Soto-Mera MT, López-Rico MR, Filgueira JF, et al. Occupational allergy to papain. Allergy 2000;55(10):983-4. PubMed
- Tarlo SM, Shaikh W, Bell B, et al. Papain-induced allergic reactions. Clin Allergy 1978;8(3):207-15. PubMed
- Baur X, König G, Bencze K, Fruhmann G. Clinical symptoms and results of skin test, RAST and bronchial provocation test in thirty-three papain workers: Evidence for strong immunogenic potency and clinically relevant proteolytic e?ects of airborne papain. C
- Novey HS, Keenan WJ, Fairshter RD, Wells ID, Wilson AF, Culver BD. Pulmonary disease in workers exposed to papain: clinico-physiological and immunological studies. Clin Allergy 1980;10(6):721-31. PubMed
Bromelain 19 references
- Nettis E, Napoli G, Ferrannini A, Tursi A. IgE-mediated allergy to bromelain. Allergy 2001;56:257-8. PubMed
- Taussig SJ, Batkin S. Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple (Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. J Ethnopharmacol 1988;22:191-203.. PubMed
- Bradbrook ID, Morrison PJ, Rogers HJ. The effect of bromelain on the absorption of orally administered tetracycline. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1978;6:552-4. PubMed
- Bush TM, Rayburn KS, Holloway SW, et al. Adverse interactions between herbal and dietary substances and prescription medications: a clinical survey. Altern Ther Health Med 2007;13:30-5.
- Brien S, Lewith G, Walker AF, et al. Bromelain as an adjunctive treatment for moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. QJM 2006;99:841-50. PubMed
- Mori S, Ojima Y, Hirose T, et al. The clinical effect of proteolytic enzyme containing bromelain and trypsin on urinary tract infection evaluated by double blind method. Acta Obstet Gynaecol Jpn 1972;19:147-53.
- Glaser D, Hilberg T. The influence of bromelain on platelet count and platelet activity in vitro. Platelets 2006;17:37-41. PubMed
- Heinicke R M, van der Wal L, Yokoyama M. Effect of bromelain (Ananase) on human platelet aggregation. Experientia 1972;28:844-5. PubMed
- Gailhofer, G., Wilders-Truschnig, M., Smolle, J., and Ludvan, M. Asthma caused by bromelain: an occupational allergy. Clin Allergy 1988;18(5):445-450. PubMed
- Mattei, O., Fabri, G., and Farina, G. [Occupational health experience regarding four cases of asthma due to bromelain (author's transl)]. Medicina del Lavoro 1979;70(5):404-409.
- Galleguillos, F. and Rodriguez, J. C. Asthma caused by bromelin inhalation. Clin Allergy 1978;8(1):21-24. PubMed
- Perez-Camo I, Quirce S, Duran MA, and et al. Latex allergy: evidence of cross-reactivity with papain and bromelain [abstract]. Allergy 1996;51(suppl 31):48.
- Martin GJ, Ehrenreich J, and Asbell N. Bromelain: pineapple proteases with anti-edema activity. Exp Med Surg 1962;20:227-247.
- Kasemsuk T, Saengpetch N, Sibmooh N, Unchern S. Improved WOMAC score following 16-week treatment with bromelain for knee osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2016 Oct;35(10):2531-40. PubMed
- Kutlu Ö, DemirbaS A, Elmas ÖF, Güvenç U, Metin A. Fixed drug eruption: a new side effect of bromelain. Contact Dermatitis 2020. Online ahead of print. PubMed
- Shoham Y, Shapira E, Haik J, et al. Bromelain-based enzymatic debridement of chronic wounds: Results of a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Wound Repair Regen 2021;29(6):899-907. PubMed
- Pfister P, Garcia Wendel PD, Kim BS, et al. Coagulation side effects of enzymatic debridement in burned patients. Burns 2022. PubMed
- Hasham S, Riyat H, Fletcher A, O'Boyle CP, Alexander S. To bleed or not to bleed? Case series and discussion of haemorrhage risk with enzymatic debridement in burn injuries. Scars Burn Heal 2023;9:20595131231168333. PubMed
- Leelakanok N, Petchsomrit A, Janurai T, Saechan C, Sunsandee N. Efficacy and safety of bromelain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Health 2023. PubMed
Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) 3 references
- Weeks JA, Harper RA, Simon RA, Burdick JD. Assessment of sensitization risk of a laundry pre-spotter containing protease. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2011;30(4):272-9. PubMed
- Marquès LI, Lara S, Abós T, Bartolomé B. Occupational rhinitis due to pepsin. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2006;16(2):136-7. DOI
- Cartier A, Malo JL, Pineau L, Dolovich J. Occupational asthma due to pepsin. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1984;73(5 Pt 1):574-7. PubMed
See these in context on the Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph →
Lipase 1 reference
- Casper C, Hascoet JM, Ertl T, et al. Recombinant bile salt-stimulated lipase in preterm infant feeding: A randomized phase 3 study. PLoS One. 2016;11(5):e0156071. PubMed
Rutin 2 references
- Mehta DK (Ex Ed). British National Formulary, Number 37. British Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain: London, England, March 1999.
- Sun C, Wang L, Sun J, Wang Z, Tang Z. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of rutin on hyperglycemic rats. J Tradit Chin Med. 2020;40(4):640-645.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC