Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 4 of 8 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Mind-Full Flower Essence Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Flower Essence Services

Mind-Full Flower Essence label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Mind-Full Flower Essence against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Mind-Full Flower Essence is a dietary supplement by Flower Essence Services with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for vitamin c source, digestive support, flavoring and aromatherapy.Based on those ingredients, 990 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Mentha piperita, Citrus limon. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Mind-Full Flower Essence by Flower Essence Services

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Mind-Full Flower Essence by Flower Essence Services — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Mind-Full Flower Essence by Flower Essence Services

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Aug 20, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 9 active ingredients.
  • “essential oils of lemon” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.

Mind-Full Flower Essence contains nine active ingredients, most of them flower or plant extracts: Madia elegans, Cosmos bipinnatus, lemon, Morning Glory (Ipomoea purpurea), nasturtium, peppermint, Chrysothamnus nauseosus (rubber rabbit brush), and essential oils of lemon. The product is preserved in water and brandy.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: mental coherence and clarity.
  • We looked for evidence on: Cognitive function, Anxiety, Stress, Depression, focus, mental clarity — and 1 related terms.
  • The closest evidence on file: Lemon is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Anxiety (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Peppermint is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Pre-procedural anxiety, Cognitive function, Stress.
  • Also on file: Grapefruit is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Depression, Stress.

Peppermint in this formula is likely effective for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and possibly effective for indigestion, nausea from chemotherapy, and related digestive discomforts. Lemon and grapefruit have insufficient evidence for their traditional uses in hay fever, anxiety, infections, high blood pressure, and kidney stones—the data we hold doesn't establish that they work for these purposes.

Evidence for nasturtium's use in respiratory and urinary tract infections is also insufficient. The remaining ingredients (Madia elegans, Morning Glory, and Chrysothamnus nauseosus) lack established effectiveness ratings in our data.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Lemon Nasturtium Peppermint Grapefruit

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Peppermint and lemon are generally well tolerated in food amounts and culinary use. Peppermint is likely safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding.

However, concentrated peppermint oil can cause abdominal pain, heartburn, diarrhea, nausea, and burning or irritation if taken in large amounts or applied to skin. Lemon juice taken in medicinal amounts (as opposed to food) has caused heartburn and stomach upset in clinical trials—one study found 37% of participants consuming 60 mL twice daily reported gastrointestinal disturbances, compared to 8% of those on placebo.

Nasturtium in large doses may irritate the digestive tract, and the plant itself can cause contact dermatitis on skin. Grapefruit and nasturtium have not been well studied in pregnancy or while breastfeeding; there isn't enough safety data to know either way.

Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is right for you if you're pregnant, nursing, or have a history of heartburn or digestive sensitivity.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Lemon Nasturtium Peppermint Grapefruit

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Lemon, Peppermint, Grapefruit.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; heart-rhythm medications.
  • For scale: 991 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take cyclosporine (immunosuppressant), amiodarone (heart rhythm medication), buspirone (anti-anxiety), dextromethorphan (cough suppressant), scopolamine (motion sickness), terfenadine (antihistamine), celiprolol or etoposide (cancer or heart medications), itraconazole (antifungal), or any drug that relies on liver enzymes CYP3A4, CYP2C9, or CYP2C19 to be broken down. These carry Major or Moderate interactions with the lemon, peppermint, and grapefruit in this blend.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This flower essence may help with digestive complaints, mainly through its peppermint content, but it carries serious interactions with common medications—especially heart, anti-anxiety, immunosuppressant, and antifungal drugs. If you take any prescription medication, check your drugs against this product's interaction data before starting.

Even if you don't see your medication listed, talk with your doctor or pharmacist first, especially if you take cyclosporine, amiodarone, buspirone, or a cough medicine.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 9 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 24, 2014.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Mind-Full Flower Essence, straight from the product label.

Brand Flower Essence Services
Barcode (UPC) 782932151158
Net contents 1 fl. Oz.; 30 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jan 24, 2014
DSLD ID 29923
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Mind-Full Flower Essence by Flower Essence Services, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
4 Spray(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
4 Spray(s)
UPC/BARCODE
782932151158
IngredientAmount% DV
Madia elegans0 NP--
infusion of flowers of Cosmos bipinnaius0 NP--
Citrus limon0 NP--
Ipomoea purpurea0 NP--
Tropaeolum majus0 NP--
Mentha piperita0 NP--
Chrysothamnus nauseosus0 NP--
essential oils of lemon0 NP--
peppermint0 NP--
grapefruit0 NP--

Other ingredients: Water, Brandy

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Imparting a vibrant state of mental coherence & clarity

FDA Statement of Identity

flower essence & essential oils herbal supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested use: Spray four times daily in mouth or around body. Shake well before use.

Seals/Symbols

DEMETER(R)

FES Quintessentials(TM)

Formulation

Certified organic by Stellar Certification Services, Inc.

BEST BY 04/2022 120412

Brand IP Statement(s)

Certified Biodynamic(R) by the Demeter Association, Inc.

General

120412

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Mind-Full Flower Essence by Flower Essence Services label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Mind-Full Flower Essence label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Mind-Full Flower Essence by Flower Essence Services

These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size4 Spray(s) Dosage formLiquid Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Madia elegans

0 NP per serving

Infusion of flowers of Cosmos bipinnaius

0 NP per serving

Citrus limon

Interacts with
1 drug
0 NP per serving

Lemon is a common citrus fruit that is a good source of vitamin C and citric acid, and it is widely used in food, drinks, and home remedies. While it...

Citrus limon monograph & interactions

Ipomoea purpurea

0 NP per serving

Tropaeolum majus

No known
interactions
0 NP per serving

Nasturtium is an edible garden plant traditionally used for urinary and respiratory infections, often combined with horseradish in herbal products. So...

Tropaeolum majus monograph & interactions

Mentha piperita

Interacts with
796 drugs
0 NP per serving

Peppermint is a popular herb with the best evidence supporting enteric-coated peppermint oil for easing IBS symptoms. It is generally well tolerated f...

Mentha piperita monograph & interactions

Chrysothamnus nauseosus

0 NP per serving

Essential oils of lemon

Interacts with
1 drug
0 NP per serving

Lemon is a common citrus fruit that is a good source of vitamin C and citric acid, and it is widely used in food, drinks, and home remedies. While it...

Essential oils of lemon monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Water, Brandy. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Mind-Full Flower Essence by Flower Essence Services Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Mind-Full Flower Essence?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
990Drugs
776 Major 151 Moderate 63 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Mentha piperita 796
Citrus limon 1

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Mind-Full Flower Essence interact with 990 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 8 ingredients in Mind-Full Flower Essence interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Mentha piperita Citrus limon

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Mind-Full Flower Essence with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Mentha piperita5 drug types · 796 drugs

Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)

Theoretically, peppermint oil might increase the levels and adverse effects of cyclosporine.
In animal research, peppermint oil inhibits cyclosporine metabolism and increases cyclosporine levels. Inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) may be partially responsible for this interaction. An interaction between peppermint oil and cyclosporine has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates

Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro research shows that peppermint oil inhibits CYP2C19. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that peppermint oil inhibits CYP2C9. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Clinical research in healthy volunteers shows that a single dose of peppermint oil 600 mg inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes and increases the AUC of felodipine, a CYP3A4 substrate. However, in vitro research suggests that peppermint oil only inhibits CYP3A4 at very high concentrations.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro and animal research shows that peppermint oil and peppermint leaf inhibit CYP1A2. However, in clinical research, peppermint tea did not significantly affect the metabolism of caffeine, a CYP1A2 substrate. It is possible that the 6-day duration of treatment may have been too short to identify a difference.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Mentha piperita full monograph & interactions

Citrus limon1 drug type · 1 drug

Itraconazole (Sporanox)

Theoretically, taking itraconazole capsules or tablets with a beverage containing lemon might increase the levels and clinical effects of itraconazole.
In one case report, dissolving itraconazole tablets in a small amount of specific beverages containing lemon prior to administration increased the level of itraconazole in a lung transplant patient. In this case, the increased bioavailability was desirable and was likely due to improved tablet dissolution in the acidic beverage.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Citrus limon full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Mind-Full Flower Essence, from the product label.

Flower Essence Services

See all Flower Essence Services products
Phone Number
800-548-0075
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Mind-Full Flower Essence by Flower Essence Services: Common Questions

Does Mind-Full Flower Essence by Flower Essence Services interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Mind-Full Flower Essence has a known interaction with 990 medications, including 776 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Mind-Full Flower Essence contains 8 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is peppermint safe to use while I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Peppermint is rated likely safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding based on the data we hold. However, you should always discuss any supplement with your doctor or pharmacist before starting it during pregnancy or while nursing to make sure it's right for your situation.
What's peppermint in this formula actually good for?
Peppermint is likely effective for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and possibly effective for indigestion, chemotherapy-related nausea, and some endoscopy-related symptoms. The other ingredients in this blend don't have established evidence for their uses in our data.
Can this product cause stomach upset?
Yes. In studies, concentrated lemon juice caused heartburn in about one in five people and stomach pain in about one in twelve, compared to much lower rates in placebo. Peppermint can also cause abdominal pain, heartburn, diarrhea, and nausea in some people, especially in large amounts. If you have a sensitive stomach or acid reflux, check with your pharmacist first.
Does grapefruit in here interact with my medications?
Grapefruit can increase—or sometimes decrease—blood levels of many drugs, including heart medications, anti-anxiety drugs, cough suppressants, and cancer treatments. Even in food form, it's potent. Use the medication checker on this page to see if any of your prescriptions are affected, and talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting.
What are flower essences supposed to do?
This product contains extracts from various flowers and plants. Based on the data we hold, peppermint has the strongest evidence for digestive benefits. The effectiveness of the other botanicals in this blend for mood or mental clarity is not established in our data.
Is this safe if I have allergies?
Rare cases of allergic reactions to peppermint and grapefruit have been reported, including anaphylaxis to peppermint in one case. If you have a history of plant allergies or asthma, discuss this product with your doctor or pharmacist before using it.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Mind-Full Flower Essence label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Mind-Full Flower Essence’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Lemon

Interacts with 1 drug

Lemon is a common citrus fruit that is a good source of vitamin C and citric acid, and it is widely used in food, drinks, and home remedies. While it can support hydration and a healthy diet...

Read the full Lemon monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Nasturtium

Nasturtium is an edible garden plant traditionally used for urinary and respiratory infections, often combined with horseradish in herbal products. Some lab studies suggest it has antimicrob...

Read the full Nasturtium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Peppermint

Interacts with 796 drugs

Peppermint is a popular herb with the best evidence supporting enteric-coated peppermint oil for easing IBS symptoms. It is generally well tolerated for most adults, but it can cause heartbu...

Read the full Peppermint monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Grapefruit

Interacts with 990 drugs

Grapefruit is a nutritious citrus fruit rich in vitamin C and other nutrients, and it is generally safe to eat. However, grapefruit is famous for serious interactions with many prescription...

Read the full Grapefruit monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Mind-Full Flower Essence's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 205 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Lemon 2 references
  1. Ruggenenti P, Caruso MR, Cortinovis M, et al. Fresh lemon juice supplementation for the prevention of recurrent stones in calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis: A pragmatic, prospective, randomised, open, blinded endpoint (PROBE) trial. EClinicalMedicine 2021;4 PubMed
  2. Umemura K, Katada Y, Nakagawa S, et al. Improved absorption of itraconazole tablet by co-administration with lemon beverages in a lung transplant recipient: A case report. J Infect Chemother 2022;28(8):1203-1207. PubMed

See these in context on the Lemon monograph →

Nasturtium 5 references
  1. Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
  2. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  3. Fintelmann V, Albrecht U, Schmitz G, Schnitker J. Efficacy and safety of a combination herbal medicinal product containing Tropaeoli majoris herba and Armoraciae rusticanae radix for the prophylactic treatment of patients with respiratory tract diseases:
  4. Albrecht U, Goos KH, Schneider B. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a herbal medicinal product containing Tropaeoli majoris herba (Nasturtium) and Armoraciae rusticanae radix (Horseradish) for the prophylactic treatment of patients w
  5. Perez-Crespo M, Silvestre JF, Mataix J, Ballester I, Toledo F, Betlloch I. Contact dermatitis due to nasturtium. Contact Dermatitis. 2009;60(4):229-30. PubMed

See these in context on the Nasturtium monograph →

Peppermint 41 references
  1. Liu JH, Chen GH, Yeh HZ, et al. Enteric-coated peppermint-oil capsules in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective, randomized trial. J Gastroenterol 1997;32:765-8. PubMed
  2. Pittler MH, Ernst E. Peppermint oil for irritable bowel syndrome: a critical review and metaanalysis. Am J Gastroenterol 1998;93:1131-5. PubMed
  3. Kline RM, Kline JJ, Di Palma J, Barbero GJ. Enteric-coated, pH-dependent peppermint oil capsules for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome in children. J Pediatr 2001;138:125-8. PubMed
  4. Madisch A, Heydenreich CJ, Wieland V, et al. Treatment of functional dyspepsia with a fixed peppermint oil and caraway oil combination preparation as compared to cisapride. A multicenter, reference-controlled, double-blind equivalence study. Arzneimittel
  5. May B, Kuntz HD, Kieser M, Kohler S. Efficacy of a fixed peppermint oil/caraway oil combination in non-ulcer dyspepsia. Arzneimittelforschung 1996;46:1149-53.
  6. Micklefield GH, Greving I, May B. Effects of peppermint oil and caraway oil on gastroduodenal motility. Phytother Res 2000;14:20-3. DOI
  7. Morton CA, Garioch J, Todd P, et al. Contact sensitivity to menthol and peppermint in patients with intra-oral symptoms. Contact Dermatitis 1995;32:281-4. PubMed
  8. May B, Kohler S, Schneider B. Efficacy and tolerability of a fixed combination of peppermint oil and caraway oil in patients suffering from functional dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14:1671-7. PubMed
  9. Nash P, Gould SR, Bernardo DE. Peppermint oil does not relieve the pain of irritable bowel syndrome. Br J Clin Pract 1986;40:292-3. DOI
  10. Rees WD, Evans BK, Rhodes J. Treating irritable bowel syndrome with peppermint oil. Br Med J 1979;2:835-6. PubMed
  11. Davies SJ, Harding LM, Baranowski AP. A novel treatment of postherpetic neuralgia using peppermint oil. Clin J Pain 2002;18:200-2. PubMed
  12. Weston CF. Anal burning and peppermint oil. Postgrad Med J 1987;63:717. PubMed
  13. Dresser GK, Wacher V, Wong S, et al. Evaluation of peppermint oil and ascorbyl palmitate as inhibitors of cytochrome P4503A4 activity in vitro and in vivo. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2002;72:247-55. PubMed
  14. Wacher VJ, Wong S, Wong HT. Peppermint oil enhances cyclosporine oral bioavailability in rats: comparison with D-alpha-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol 1000) succinate (TPGS) and ketoconazole. J Pharm Sci 2002;91:77-90.
  15. Lawson MJ, Knight RE, Tran K, et al. Failure of enteric-coated peppermint oil in the irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized double-blind crossover study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1988;3:235-8. DOI
  16. Unger M, Frank A. Simultaneous determination of the inhibitory potency of herbal extracts on the activity of six major cytochrome P450 enzymes using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and automated online extraction. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2004;1 PubMed
  17. Maliakal PP, Wanwimolruk S. Effect of herbal teas on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2001;53:1323-9. PubMed
  18. Rogers SN, Pahor AL. A form of stomatitis induced by excessive peppermint consumption. Dent Update 1995;22:36-7.
  19. Cappello G, Spezzaferro M, Grossi L, et al. Peppermint oil (Mintoil) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective double blind placebo-controlled randomized trial. Dig Liver Dis 2007;39:530-6. PubMed
  20. Moghadam BK, Gier R, and Thurlow T. Extensive oral mucosal ulcerations caused by misuse of a commercial mouthwash. Cutis 1999;64:131-134.
  21. Andersen, K. E. Contact allergy to toothpaste flavors. Contact Dermatitis 1978;4(4):195-198. PubMed
  22. Barnard, D. R. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 1999;36(5):625-629. PubMed
  23. Tamir, S., Davidovich, Z., Attal, P., and Eliashar, R. Peppermint oil chemical burn. Otolaryngol.Head Neck Surg. 2005;133(5):801-802. PubMed
  24. Kalavala, M., Hughes, T. M., Goodwin, R. G., Anstey, A. V., and Stone, N. M. Allergic contact dermatitis to peppermint foot spray. Contact Dermatitis 2007;57(1):57-58. PubMed
  25. Vermaat, H., van Meurs, T., Rustemeyer, T., Bruynzeel, D. P., and Kirtschig, G. Vulval allergic contact dermatitis due to peppermint oil in herbal tea. Contact Dermatitis 2008;58(6):364-365. PubMed
  26. Merat, S., Khalili, S., Mostajabi, P., Ghorbani, A., Ansari, R., and Malekzadeh, R. The effect of enteric-coated, delayed-release peppermint oil on irritable bowel syndrome. Dig.Dis.Sci. 2010;55(5):1385-1390. PubMed
  27. Tran, A., Pratt, M., and DeKoven, J. Acute allergic contact dermatitis of the lips from peppermint oil in a lip balm. Dermatitis 2010;21(2):111-115. DOI
  28. Hitz, Lindenmuller, I and Lambrecht, J. T. Oral care. Curr Probl.Dermatol 2011;40:107-115.
  29. Shavakhi, A., Ardestani, S. K., Taki, M., Goli, M., and Keshteli, A. H. Premedication with peppermint oil capsules in colonoscopy: a double blind placebo-controlled randomized trial study. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2012;75(3):349-353.
  30. Lech, Y., Olesen, K. M., Hey, H., Rask-Pedersen, E., Vilien, M., and Ostergaard, O. [Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with peppermint oil. A double- blind study with a placebo]. Ugeskr.Laeger 10-3-1988;150(40):2388-2389.
  31. Parys, B. T. Chemical burns resulting from contact with peppermint oil mar: a case report. Burns Incl.Therm.Inj. 1983;9(5):374-375. PubMed
  32. Bayat R, Borici-Mazi R. A case of anaphylaxis to peppermint. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2014;10(1):6. PubMed
  33. Rich G, Shah A, Koloski N, et al. A randomized placebo-controlled trial on the effects of Menthacarin, a proprietary peppermint- and caraway-oil-preparation, on symptoms and quality of life in patients with functional dyspepsia. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2 PubMed
  34. Douros A, Bronder E, Andersohn F, et al. Herb-Induced Liver Injury in the Berlin Case-Control Surveillance Study. Int J Mol Sci 2016;17(1). PubMed
  35. Begas E, Tsioutsiouliti A, Kouvaras E, et al. Effects of peppermint tea consumption on the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, Xanthine Oxidase, N-acetyltranferase-2 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases-1A1/1A6 in healthy volunteers. Food Chem Toxicol 2017;100:80-9 PubMed
  36. Cash BD, Epstein MS, Shah SM. A Novel Delivery System of Peppermint Oil Is an Effective Therapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms. Dig Dis Sci 2016;61(2):560-71. PubMed
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See these in context on the Peppermint monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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