Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 4 of 7 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Neuro Nutrition Formula Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by SuperSmart

Neuro Nutrition Formula label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Neuro Nutrition Formula against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Neuro Nutrition Formula is a dietary supplement by SuperSmart with 7 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for depression and mood, skin condition vitiligo, pain conditions.Based on those ingredients, 465 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Sodium R-Lipoate, N-Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride, L-Phenylalanine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Neuro Nutrition Formula by SuperSmart

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Neuro Nutrition Formula by SuperSmart — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Neuro Nutrition Formula by SuperSmart

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 7 of its 7 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Neuro Nutrition Formula contains 7 active ingredients selected for brain health and cognitive support. L-phenylalanine is an amino acid your body uses to make neurotransmitters; N-acetyl-L-carnitine (a form of carnitine) supports energy production in brain cells; L-pyroglutamic acid is another amino acid; sodium R-lipoate is a form of alpha-lipoic acid, an antioxidant; L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine (alpha-GPC) is a naturally occurring compound involved in brain cell membranes; and uridine monophosphate is a nucleotide that plays a role in cellular function.

The formula also contains inactive ingredients—acacia gum and white rice flour—as binders and fillers.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Vitiligo — rated "Possibly Effective" (Phenylalanine) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Diabetic neuropathy — rated "Possibly Effective" (Alpha-lipoic Acid) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Hyperlipidemia — rated "Possibly Effective" (Alpha-lipoic Acid) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Obesity — rated "Possibly Effective" (Alpha-lipoic Acid) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Age-related cognitive decline — rated "Possibly Effective" (Acetyl-l-carnitine) (Natural Medicines).

Evidence for this formula's ingredients is mixed. N-acetyl-L-carnitine is rated possibly effective for age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer disease, alcohol use disorder, diabetic nerve damage, and depression.

Sodium R-lipoate (alpha-lipoic acid) is possibly effective for diabetic nerve damage and may help with cholesterol and weight. L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine is possibly effective for Alzheimer disease.

L-phenylalanine shows possibly effective evidence only for vitiligo and is rated possibly ineffective for ADHD. For alcohol use disorder and multiple sclerosis, the evidence for L-phenylalanine is insufficient to rate.

The effectiveness of L-pyroglutamic acid, uridine monophosphate, and Gastrodia elata extract is not established in the data we hold.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Phenylalanine Acetyl-l-carnitine Alpha-lipoic Acid Alpha-gpc

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

The ingredients in this formula are generally well tolerated at typical doses. The most common side effects from L-phenylalanine include anxiety, constipation, headache, heartburn, insomnia, nausea, and sedation.

N-acetyl-L-carnitine may cause agitation, dry mouth, headache, insomnia, reduced appetite, and in rare cases a fishy odor in urine, breath, or sweat; people with Alzheimer disease have reported psychiatric changes, though it's unclear if the ingredient or the condition caused them. Sodium R-lipoate commonly causes headache, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting.

L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine is rarely associated with dizziness, headache, insomnia, and notably an elevated stroke risk with use longer than 2 months. L-phenylalanine must be avoided by anyone with phenylketonuria (PKU).

During pregnancy, supplement doses of L-phenylalanine and sodium R-lipoate are not advised because safety data is insufficient; L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine also lacks adequate safety information. While breastfeeding, L-phenylalanine and sodium R-lipoate should be avoided, and L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine safety is unknown.

N-acetyl-L-carnitine has uncertain safety in pregnancy and should be avoided while breastfeeding.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Phenylalanine Acetyl-l-carnitine Alpha-lipoic Acid Alpha-gpc

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Phenylalanine, Alpha-lipoic Acid, Acetyl-l-carnitine, Alpha-gpc.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; cancer treatments; diabetes medications; Parkinson's medications.
  • For scale: 465 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, check with your pharmacist if you take levodopa (Major severity), or blood thinners like warfarin or acenocoumarol, serotonergic antidepressants, baclofen (muscle relaxer), older antidepressants (MAOIs), thyroid hormone replacement, chemotherapy drugs, or diabetes medications (all Moderate to Minor severity). No interactions are documented for three of the seven ingredients we could not check.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This formula is aimed at supporting brain health and cognitive function, with the strongest evidence for age-related decline and Alzheimer disease. If you take levodopa for Parkinson disease, blood thinners, thyroid medication, serotonergic antidepressants, MAOIs, or diabetes drugs, talk to your pharmacist or doctor before starting—several ingredients interact with these.

Anyone with PKU, pregnant, or breastfeeding should not use L-phenylalanine without medical guidance.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 7 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 25, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Neuro Nutrition Formula, straight from the product label.

Brand SuperSmart
Barcode (UPC) 5453003825449
Net contents 90 Vegetarian Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jun 25, 2025
DSLD ID 332470
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Neuro Nutrition Formula by SuperSmart, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
5453003825449
IngredientAmount% DV
L-Phenylalanine150 mg--
N-Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride150 mg--
L-Pyroglutamic Acid100 mg--
Sodium R-Lipoate150 mg--
L-Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine250 mg--
Uridine Monophosphate200 mg--
Gastrodia elata Extract50 mg--

Other ingredients: Acacia Gum, White Rice Flour

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommended use: Adults. Take one capsule three times a day.

Precautions

Precautions: Contains soya derivatives.

Do not exceed the recommended daily dose. This product is a nutritional supplement and should not replace a varied, balanced diet.

Keep out of childrens' reach.

As with any nutritional supplement, you should consult a health professional before taking this product if you are pregnant, breastfeeding or have a health problem.

Storage

Store away from direct light, heat and humidity

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Neuro Nutrition Formula by SuperSmart label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Neuro Nutrition Formula label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Neuro Nutrition Formula by SuperSmart

These are the 7 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

L-Phenylalanine

Interacts with
16 drugs
150 mg per serving

Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid the body uses to make brain chemicals like dopamine and norepinephrine. Some people take it for mood, vitilig...

L-Phenylalanine monograph & interactions

N-Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride

Interacts with
203 drugs
150 mg per serving

Acetyl-L-carnitine is a form of the amino acid carnitine that the body uses to help produce energy in cells. It is most studied for nerve pain and mem...

N-Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride monograph & interactions

L-Pyroglutamic Acid

100 mg per serving

Sodium R-Lipoate

Interacts with
263 drugs
150 mg per serving

Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is an antioxidant made naturally by the body and found in small amounts in foods. It is most studied for diabetic nerve pain,...

Sodium R-Lipoate monograph & interactions

L-Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine

Interacts with
16 drugs
250 mg per serving

Alpha-GPC is a choline-containing compound used mainly for memory, brain health, and as a choline source. There is some evidence it may help cognition...

L-Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine monograph & interactions

Uridine Monophosphate

200 mg per serving

Gastrodia elata Extract

50 mg per serving Form: Gastrodin

Other (inactive) ingredients: Acacia Gum, White Rice Flour. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Neuro Nutrition Formula by SuperSmart Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Neuro Nutrition Formula?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
465Drugs
5 Major 364 Moderate 96 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Sodium R-Lipoate 263
N-Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride 203
L-Phenylalanine 16
L-Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine 16

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Neuro Nutrition Formula interact with 465 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 7 ingredients in Neuro Nutrition Formula interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Sodium R-Lipoate N-Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride L-Phenylalanine L-Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Neuro Nutrition Formula with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Sodium R-Lipoate5 drug types · 263 drugs

Alkylating Agents

Theoretically, the antioxidant effects of alpha-lipoic acid might alter the effectiveness of alkylating agents.
The use of antioxidants like alpha-lipoic acid during chemotherapy is controversial. There are concerns that antioxidants could reduce the activity of chemotherapy drugs that generate free radicals. However, some researchers theorize that antioxidants might make chemotherapy more effective by reducing oxidative stress that might interfere with apoptosis (cell death) of cancer cells. More evidence is needed to determine what effect, if any, antioxidants such as alpha-lipoic acid have on chemotherapy. Advise patients to consult their oncologist before using alpha-lipoic acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, alpha-lipoic acid may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro, alpha-lipoic acid inhibits platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antitumor Antibiotics

Theoretically, the antioxidant effects of alpha-lipoic acid might alter the effectiveness of antitumor antibiotics.
The use of antioxidants like alpha-lipoic acid during chemotherapy is controversial. There are concerns that antioxidants could reduce the activity of antitumor antibiotic drugs, which work by generating free radicals. However, some researchers theorize that antioxidants might make chemotherapy more effective by reducing oxidative stress that might interfere with apoptosis (cell death) of cancer cells. More evidence is needed to determine what effect, if any, antioxidants such as alpha-lipoic acid have on chemotherapy involving antitumor antibiotics. Advise patients to consult their oncologist before using alpha-lipoic acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, alpha-lipoic acid might decrease the effects of thyroid hormone drugs.
Animal research suggests that co-administration of thyroxine with alpha-lipoic acid reduces conversion into the active T3 form.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking alpha-lipoic acid with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Although some small clinical studies have suggested that alpha-lipoic acid can lower blood glucose levels, larger clinical studies in patients with diabetes have shown no clinically meaningful effect. Additionally, co-administration of single doses of alpha-lipoic acid and glyburide or acarbose did not cause detectable drug interactions in healthy volunteers.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Sodium R-Lipoate full monograph & interactions

N-Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride4 drug types · 203 drugs

Acenocoumarol (Sintrom)

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of acetyl-L-carnitine, might enhance the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, an oral anticoagulant that is similar to warfarin, but shorter-acting. There are at least two case reports of INR elevation when L-carnitine was taken with acenocoumarol. In one case, a 33-year-old male with a previously stable INR had an elevated INR of 4.65 after L-carnitine was started and continued for 10 weeks. INR normalized after discontinuation of the L-carnitine-containing product. It is unclear if such an interaction would also occur with acetyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Serotonergic Drugs

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the risk of serotonergic side effects, including serotonin syndrome and cerebral vasoconstrictive disorders, when taken with serotonergic drugs.
Animal research shows that acetyl-L-carnitine can increase levels of serotonin in the brain.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might decrease the effectiveness of thyroid hormone replacement.
L-carnitine appears to act as a peripheral thyroid hormone antagonist by inhibiting entry of thyroid hormone into the nucleus of cells. Taking L-carnitine also seems to diminish some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. It is unclear if such an interaction would occur with acetyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of acetyl-L-carnitine, might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, a shorter-acting oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin. There is not enough information to know whether this interaction occurs with acetyl-L-carnitine and warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
N-Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride full monograph & interactions

L-Phenylalanine3 drug types · 16 drugs

Levodopa

Phenylalanine, especially in high doses, can reduce the effectiveness of levodopa.
Phenylalanine competes with levodopa for carrier-mediated transport into the brain. The resulting reduction in levels of levodopa in the brain can exacerbate tremor, rigidity, and the "on-off" phenomenon in patients with Parkinson disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Baclofen

Concomitant intake of phenylalanine may reduce the intestinal absorption of baclofen.
Phenylalanine and baclofen share the same intestinal carrier for absorption; phenylalanine competitively inhibits the absorption of baclofen, reducing its plasma levels.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (Maois)

Theoretically, concomitant use of L-phenylalanine and non-selective MAOIs might increase the risk of hypertensive crisis.
L-phenylalanine is metabolized to tyrosine. Some evidence suggests that L-phenylalanine, given with the non-selective MAOI pargyline, might prevent the elimination of tyramine, increasing the risk of hypertensive crisis. However, this was not reported in a small number of patients when using L-phenylalanine with the partially selective MAO-B inhibitor, selegiline.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
L-Phenylalanine full monograph & interactions

L-Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine1 drug type · 16 drugs

Scopolamine (Transderm Scop)

Theoretically, alpha-GPC might decrease the effects of scopolamine.
A small clinical study shows that alpha-GPC can partially counteract the attention and memory impairment effects caused by scopolamine given intramuscularly. Whether alpha-GPC can decrease the beneficial anti-motion sickness effects of the scopolamine patch (Transderm Scop) is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
L-Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Neuro Nutrition Formula, from the product label.

SuperSmart

See all SuperSmart products
Name
SN Worldwide Unipessoal, LDA
Street Address
Avenida Do Infante 66 Edificio Quinta Avenida 1 C
City
Funchal
ZipCode
9000-015
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Neuro Nutrition Formula by SuperSmart: Common Questions

Does Neuro Nutrition Formula by SuperSmart interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Neuro Nutrition Formula has a known interaction with 465 medications, including 5 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Neuro Nutrition Formula contains 7 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe to take if I have PKU?
No. L-phenylalanine must be avoided if you have phenylketonuria (PKU) because your body cannot process it safely. Talk to your doctor about whether this formula is right for you.
Can I take this while pregnant or breastfeeding?
Supplement doses of L-phenylalanine and sodium R-lipoate are not recommended during pregnancy because safety hasn't been established. While breastfeeding, L-phenylalanine and sodium R-lipoate should be avoided, and L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine safety is unknown. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about what's right for you.
What's alpha-lipoic acid doing in a brain formula?
Alpha-lipoic acid (sodium R-lipoate here) is an antioxidant that may protect brain cells from damage. It's also rated possibly effective for diabetic nerve damage and cholesterol support, which can indirectly benefit brain health.
What are the most common side effects?
L-phenylalanine most often causes anxiety, constipation, headache, heartburn, insomnia, nausea, or sedation. Alpha-GPC and alpha-lipoic acid commonly trigger headache, nausea, and heartburn. These tend to be mild, but let your pharmacist know if they persist.
Will this help my memory or cognitive decline?
Two ingredients—N-acetyl-L-carnitine and L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine—are rated possibly effective for age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer disease. However, 'possibly effective' means the evidence is promising but not definitive, and results vary. Talk to your doctor about whether this is right for your situation.
How long is it safe to take this?
Long-term safety data for several ingredients in this formula—including N-acetyl-L-carnitine and L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine—is not fully established. It's best to discuss duration of use with your pharmacist or doctor.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Neuro Nutrition Formula label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Neuro Nutrition Formula’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Phenylalanine

Interacts with 16 drugs

Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid the body uses to make brain chemicals like dopamine and norepinephrine. Some people take it for mood, vitiligo, or pain, but the evidence is mostly l...

Read the full Phenylalanine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Acetyl-l-carnitine

Interacts with 203 drugs

Acetyl-L-carnitine is a form of the amino acid carnitine that the body uses to help produce energy in cells. It is most studied for nerve pain and memory-related conditions, though the evide...

Read the full Acetyl-l-carnitine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Alpha-lipoic Acid

Interacts with 263 drugs

Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is an antioxidant made naturally by the body and found in small amounts in foods. It is most studied for diabetic nerve pain, where some evidence suggests it may help...

Read the full Alpha-lipoic Acid monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Alpha-gpc

Interacts with 16 drugs

Alpha-GPC is a choline-containing compound used mainly for memory, brain health, and as a choline source. There is some evidence it may help cognition in people with dementia, but evidence i...

Read the full Alpha-gpc monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Neuro Nutrition Formula's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 97 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Phenylalanine 23 references
  1. Rouse B, Azen C, Koch R, et al. Maternal phenylketonuria collaborative Study (MPKUCS) offspring: facial anomalies, malformations, and early neurological sequelae. Am J Med Genet 1997;69:89-95. DOI
  2. Sturtevant FM. Use of aspartame in pregnancy. Int J Fertil 1985;30:85-7.
  3. Silkaitis RP, Mosnaim AD. Pathways linking L-phenylalanine and 2-phenylethylamine with p-tyramine in rabbit brain. Brain Res 1976;114:105-15.
  4. Lehmann WD, Theobald N, Fischer R, Heinrich HC. Stereospecificity of phenylalanine plasma kinetics and hydroxylation in man following oral application of a stable isotope-labelled pseudo-racemic mixture of L- and D-phenylalanine. Clin Chim Acta 1983;128 PubMed
  5. Mosnik DM, Spring B, Rogers K, Baruah S. Tardive dyskinesia exacerbated after ingestion of phenylalanine by schizophrenic patients. Neuropsychopharmacology 1997;16:136-46. PubMed
  6. Siddiqui AH, Stolk LM, Bhaggoe R, et al. L-phenylalanine and UVA irradiation in the treatment of vitiligo. Dermatology 1994;88:215-8. PubMed
  7. Birkmayer W, Riederer P, Linauer W, Knoll J. L-deprenyl plus L-phenylalanine in the treatment of depression. J Neural Transm 1984;59:81-7. PubMed
  8. Nutt JG, Woodward WR, Hammerstad JP, et al. The "on-off" phenomenon in Parkinson's disease. Relation to levodopa absorption and transport. N Engl J Med 1984;310:483-8. PubMed
  9. Baruzzi A, Contin M, Riva R, et al. Influence of meal ingestion time on pharmacokinetics of orally administered levodopa in parkinsonian patients. Clin Neuropharmacol 1987;10:527-37. PubMed
  10. Juncos JL, Fabbrini G, Mouradian MM, et al. Dietary influences on the antiparkinsonian response to levodopa. Arch Neurol 1987;44:1003-5. PubMed
  11. Eriksson T, Granerus AK, Linde A, et al. "On-off" phenomenon in Parkinson's disease: relationship between dopa and other large neutral amino acids in plasma. Neurology 1988;38:1245-8. PubMed
  12. Baker GB, Bornstein RA, Rouget AC, et al. Phenylethylaminergic mechanisms in attention-deficit disorder. Biol Psychiatry 1991;29:15-22.. PubMed
  13. Wood DR, Reimherr FW, Wender PH. Treatment of attention deficit disorder with DL-phenylalanine. Psychiatry Res 1985;16:21-6.. PubMed
  14. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients). Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002. Available at: http://www.n
  15. Cederbaum S. Phenylketonuria: an update. Curr Opin Pediatr 2002;14:702-6. PubMed
  16. Cejudo-Ferragud, E., Nacher, A., Polache, A., Cercos-Fortea, T., Merino, M., and Casabo, V. G. Evidence of competitive inhibition for the intestinal absorption of baclofen by phenylalanine. Int J of Pharm (Amsterdam) 1996;132:63-69. DOI
  17. Fischer, E., Heller, B., Nachon, M., and Spatz, H. Therapy of depression by phenylalanine. Preliminary note. Arzneimittelforschung. 1975;25(1):132.
  18. Beckmann, H., Strauss, M. A., and Ludolph, E. Dl-phenylalanine in depressed patients: an open study. J.Neural Transm. 1977;41(2-3):123-134. PubMed
  19. Sabelli, H. C., Fawcett, J., Gusovsky, F., Javaid, J. I., Wynn, P., Edwards, J., Jeffriess, H., and Kravitz, H. Clinical studies on the phenylethylamine hypothesis of affective disorder: urine and blood phenylacetic acid and phenylalanine dietary supplem
  20. Cotzias, G. C., Van Woert, M. H., and Schiffer, L. M. Aromatic amino acids and modification of parkinsonism. N Engl.J Med 2-16-1967;276(7):374-379. PubMed
  21. Kravitz, H. M., Sabelli, H. C., and Fawcett, J. Dietary supplements of phenylalanine and other amino acid precursors of brain neuroamines in the treatment of depressive disorders. J Am Osteopath.Assoc 1984;84(1 Suppl):119-123. DOI
  22. Mann, J., Peselow, E. D., Snyderman, S., and Gershon, S. D-phenylalanine in endogenous depression. Am.J.Psychiatry 1980;137(12):1611-1612. PubMed
  23. Katoulis AC, Alevizou A, Bozi E, et al. A randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study of a preparation containing undecylenoyl phenylalanine 2% in the treatment of solar lentigines. Clin Exp Dermatol 2010;35(5):473-6. PubMed

See these in context on the Phenylalanine monograph →

Acetyl-l-carnitine 22 references
  1. Thal LJ, Carta A, Clarke WR, et al. A 1-year multicenter placebo-controlled study of acetyl-L-carnitine in patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1996;47:705-11. PubMed
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Alpha-lipoic Acid 48 references
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Alpha-gpc 4 references
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