Pine Bark Extract Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Pine Bark Extract against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Pine Bark Extract is a dietary supplement by Nutritional Concepts with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for circulation and vein health, antioxidant support, skin health and aging.Based on those ingredients, 327 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Pine bark extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Pine Bark Extract by Nutritional Concepts
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Pine Bark Extract by Nutritional Concepts — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pine Bark Extract by Nutritional Concepts
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This product contains one active ingredient: maritime pine bark extract, a plant-derived compound used in supplements for its antioxidant properties. The rest of the tablet is made up of inactive ingredients—fillers and binders like dicalcium phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose, and magnesium stearate—that help hold the pill together and make it easy to swallow.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence for maritime pine bark extract is mixed. It's rated Possibly Effective for osteoarthritis and chronic venous insufficiency (CVI—swelling and pain in the legs from poor blood flow in the veins), and Possibly Effective for asthma.
For high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), the data we hold suggests it's Possibly Ineffective, so it wouldn't be a reliable choice for that purpose.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Maritime pine bark extract is generally well tolerated in studies, though long-term safety hasn't been fully established. The most common side effects from oral use are gastrointestinal complaints, dizziness, and vertigo—a few trials reported headache, and one person on a standardized version experienced severe vertigo.
A small number of case reports mention chest pain and heart failure complications, but it's unclear whether the extract caused them, and both patients had prior heart problems. During pregnancy, there isn't enough safety data, so it's best avoided.
The same applies to breastfeeding—there's no safety information on file, so you should talk with your doctor or pharmacist before use.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before you take this, double-check with your pharmacist if you're on blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (Moderate concern for bleeding), diabetes medications (Moderate concern for low blood sugar), or immunosuppressants after a transplant (Moderate concern for reduced effectiveness). No interactions are documented in our data for any other medication types.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Pine bark extract may help with osteoarthritis, leg swelling from poor vein circulation, or asthma symptoms, but the evidence is moderate. If you take blood thinners, diabetes medications, or immunosuppressants, check with your pharmacist first—this supplement could shift how those drugs work.
Skip it during pregnancy and breastfeeding unless your doctor says otherwise.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Mar 24, 2017.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Pine Bark Extract, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Nutritional Concepts |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 60 Tablet(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Mar 24, 2017 |
| DSLD ID | 72064 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Tablet Or Pill |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Pine Bark Extract by Nutritional Concepts, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Pine bark extract | 150 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Dicalcium Phosphate, Stearic Acid, Magnesium Stearate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Croscarmellose Sodium, Silicon Dioxide
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements
Strengthen & repair collagen tissue ~ skin ~ blood vessels ~ connective tissue
Pine bark extracts is made from the bark of the European coastal maritime pine tree. The group of antioxidants found in pine bark extract are known as oligomeric proanthocyanidins, or OPCs for short. It has been demonstrated to help strengthen and repair blood vessels, skin, and connective tissue. It also helps boost the effects of other antioxidants, and may help to decrease the risk and severity of atherosclerosis.
Formula
150 mg - 95% OPC
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: As a dietary supplement, take one (1) tablet per day with a meal, or as directed by a health care professional.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Pine Bark Extract by Nutritional Concepts label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Pine Bark Extract by Nutritional Concepts
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.
Pine bark extract
Interacts with327 drugs
Maritime pine bark extract (often sold as Pycnogenol) is a plant-based antioxidant most studied for circulation, vein, and skin health. Some research...
Pine bark extract monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Dicalcium Phosphate, Stearic Acid, Magnesium Stearate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Croscarmellose Sodium, Silicon Dioxide. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Pine Bark Extract by Nutritional Concepts Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Pine Bark Extract by Nutritional Concepts contains one active ingredient—maritime pine bark extract—which carries documented interactions with three types of medications.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
The most serious concern is with blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs (like warfarin, aspirin, or clopidogrel). Maritime pine bark extract can inhibit platelet aggregation, meaning it may thin your blood further and raise the risk of bleeding when combined with these medications.
The clinical importance of this effect isn't fully clear, but it's a Moderate-severity interaction.
Two other Moderate-severity interactions are documented. First, if you take diabetes medications, this extract may lower your blood sugar further, raising the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)—one clinical study showed this effect, so you'd need close glucose monitoring and possible dose adjustments.
Second, if you take immunosuppressant drugs (after a transplant or for an autoimmune condition), the extract's immune-stimulating properties might reduce how well those medications work, though this hasn't been reported in humans yet.
Altogether, these interactions span 322 individual medications. Before you start this supplement, use the search tool below to check your exact prescriptions.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Pine Bark Extract?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Pine Bark Extract interact with 327 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Pine Bark Extract interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Pine bark extract
6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Abciximab interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Immunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Acarbose interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, IbuprofenCombogesic
How Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interactionAcetohexamideDymelor
How Acetohexamide interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Acetohexamide interactionAcetylsalicylic AcidEntrophen
How Acetylsalicylic Acid interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Acetylsalicylic Acid interactionAdalimumabHumira
How Adalimumab interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Adalimumab interactionAdalimumab-adazHyrimoz
How Adalimumab-adaz interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Adalimumab-adaz interactionAdalimumab-adbmCyltezo
How Adalimumab-adbm interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Adalimumab-adbm interactionAdalimumab-afzbAbrilada
How Adalimumab-afzb interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Adalimumab-afzb interactionAdalimumab-attoAmjevita
How Adalimumab-atto interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Adalimumab-atto interactionAdalimumab-bwwdHadlima
How Adalimumab-bwwd interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Adalimumab-bwwd interactionAdalimumab-fkjpHulio
How Adalimumab-fkjp interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Adalimumab-fkjp interactionAlbiglutideTanzeum
How Albiglutide interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Albiglutide interactionAlefaceptAmevive
How Alefacept interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Alefacept interactionAlemtuzumabCampath
How Alemtuzumab interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Alemtuzumab interactionAlogliptinNesina
How Alogliptin interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Alogliptin interactionAlogliptin, MetforminKazano
How Alogliptin, Metformin interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Alogliptin, Metformin interactionAlogliptin, PioglitazoneOseni
How Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interactionAlteplase, TpaActilyse, Activase
How Alteplase, Tpa interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Alteplase, Tpa interactionAluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin Codeine #2
How Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionAluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin
How Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium Hydroxide interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionAnacaulase-bcdbNexoBrid
How Anacaulase-bcdb interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Anacaulase-bcdb interactionAnagrelideAgrylin
How Anagrelide interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Anagrelide interactionAnifrolumab-fniaSaphnelo
How Anifrolumab-fnia interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Anifrolumab-fnia interactionAnisindioneMiradon
How Anisindione interacts with Pine Bark Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pine Bark ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pine Bark Extract + Anisindione interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Pine Bark Extract with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Pine bark extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Clinical research suggests that maritime pine bark extract inhibits platelet aggregation. However, the clinical significance of this effect is unclear.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
One clinical study shows that maritime pine bark extract decreases blood sugar in patients with diabetes being treated with antidiabetes agents. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
In vitro and animal research suggests that maritime pine bark extract has immunostimulant activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Pine Bark Extract, from the product label.
Pine Bark Extract by Nutritional Concepts: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Pine Bark Extract is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Pine Bark Extract’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Pine Bark Extract's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 14 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Maritime Pine 14 references
- Rice-Evans CA, Packer L, eds. Flavonoids in Health and Disease. Manhattan, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998.
- Liu FJ, Zhang YX, Lau BH. Pycnogenol enhances immune and haemopoietic functions in senescence-accelerated mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 1998;54:1168-72. PubMed
- Putter M, Grotemeyer KH, Wurthwein G, et al. Inhibition of smoking-induced platelet aggregation by aspirin and pycnogenol. Thromb Res 1999;95:155-61. PubMed
- Kohama T, Inoue M. Pycnogenol alleviates pain associated with pregnancy. Phytother Res 2006;20:232-4.
- Liu X, Zhou HJ, Rohdewald P. French maritime pine bark extract pycnogenol dose-dependently lowers glucose in type 2 diabetic patients (letter). Diabetes Care 2004;27:839. PubMed
- Liu X, Wei J, Tan F, et al. Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci 2004;75:2505-13. PubMed
- Wilson D, Evans M, Guthrie N et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study to evaluate the potential of pycnogenol for improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Phytother Res 2010;24:1115-9.
- Araghi-Niknam, M., Hosseini, S., Larson, D., Rohdewald, P., and Watson, R. R. Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation. Integr.Med. 3-21-2000;2(2):73-77. PubMed
- Trebaticka, J., Kopasova, S., Hradecna, Z., Cinovsky, K., Skodacek, I., Suba, J., Muchova, J., Zitnanova, I., Waczulikova, I., Rohdewald, P., and Durackova, Z. Treatment of ADHD with French maritime pine bark extract, Pycnogenol. Eur.Child Adolesc.Psychi PubMed
- Suzuki, N., Uebaba, K., Kohama, T., Moniwa, N., Kanayama, N., and Koike, K. French maritime pine bark extract significantly lowers the requirement for analgesic medication in dysmenorrhea: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
- Cisar, P., Jany, R., Waczulikova, I., Sumegova, K., Muchova, J., Vojtassak, J., Durackova, Z., Lisy, M., and Rohdewald, P. Effect of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Phytother.Res. 2008;22(8):1087-1092.
- Enseleit, F., Sudano, I., Periat, D., Winnik, S., Wolfrum, M., Flammer, A. J., Frohlich, G. M., Kaiser, P., Hirt, A., Haile, S. R., Krasniqi, N., Matter, C. M., Uhlenhut, K., Hogger, P., Neidhart, M., Luscher, T. F., Ruschitzka, F., and Noll, G. Effects
- Schoonees, A., Visser, J., Musekiwa, A., and Volmink, J. Pycnogenol(R) (extract of French maritime pine bark) for the treatment of chronic disorders. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;4:CD008294.
- Wang S, Tan D Zhao Y et al. The effect of pycnogenol on the microcirculation, platelet function and ischemic myocardium in patients with coronary artery diseases. Eur Bull Drug Res 1999;7:19-25.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC