Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 5 of 7 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

ProbioMax Plus DF Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by XYMOGEN

Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

ProbioMax Plus DF is a dietary supplement by XYMOGEN with 7 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for digestive health and regularity, irritable bowel syndrome (ibs), diarrhea (including antibiotic-related).Based on those ingredients, 2,162 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Dietary Fiber, Bifidobacterium longum Bl-05, Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Partial disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Partial

Most active ingredients list an amount, but at least one is hidden in a blend or missing.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 4 of its 7 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (174 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

ProbioMax Plus DF is a powder containing 6 ingredients, including four live probiotic strains — Saccharomyces boulardii (a beneficial yeast), Bifidobacterium longum Bl-05, Bifidobacterium lactis HN019, and Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14 — plus Lactobacillus plantarum Lp-115 and Arabinogalactan (a soluble fiber from larch wood). These probiotics are designed to support digestive and immune function.

The only inactive ingredient listed is silica.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: intestinal ecology, cellular health, and immunity.
  • We looked for evidence on: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Clostridioides difficile infection, Diarrhea, Constipation, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Black Psyllium is rated "Effective" for Constipation (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Saccharomyces Boulardii is rated "Possibly Effective" for Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Rotaviral diarrhea, Travelers' diarrhea, Clostridioides difficile infection.
  • Also on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Saccharomyces boulardii is possibly effective for rotaviral diarrhea, travelers' diarrhea, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, necrotizing enterocolitis, Clostridioides difficile infection, and Helicobacter pylori. Lactobacillus acidophilus is possibly effective for irritable bowel syndrome, Helicobacter pylori, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and bacterial vaginosis, though possibly ineffective for atopic disease.

For Bifidobacterium longum and Arabinogalactan, the evidence we hold is insufficient to establish effectiveness for the conditions studied. For Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 and Lactobacillus plantarum Lp-115, no effectiveness data are on file.

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Saccharomyces boulardii is generally well tolerated in healthy adults but should be avoided if you're critically ill or immunocompromised, as there is a rare risk of fungal infection (fungemia) in these populations, especially with central lines or broad-spectrum antibiotics. Bifidobacterium longum is generally well tolerated but carries a rare risk of bloodstream infection in critically ill patients.

Lactobacillus acidophilus is generally well tolerated in healthy adults and children. All three may rarely cause mild gastrointestinal side effects like abdominal cramping, flatulence, nausea, or bloating.

Arabinogalactan is generally well tolerated as a fiber but may cause bloating and flatulence. Limited safety data exist for several ingredients, so discuss this product with your doctor before use, especially if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, seriously ill, or immunocompromised.

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Black Psyllium, Saccharomyces Boulardii, Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Larch Arabinogalactan, Bifidobacterium Longum.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; heart-rhythm medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 2,163 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking ProbioMax Plus DF, check whether you're on immunosuppressant drugs (like cyclosporine or tacrolimus) — Arabinogalactan may reduce their effect. Also check antibiotic drugs, since the live probiotic strains may be killed by antibiotics taken at the same time and lose effectiveness.

If you're on antifungal medications, Saccharomyces boulardii may also be affected. Separate timing may help, but ask your pharmacist for the best approach with your specific prescriptions.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glancePartially disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

ProbioMax Plus DF may help with certain types of diarrhea and some digestive conditions if you take the right strain. But because it contains live organisms and Arabinogalactan, it interacts with antibiotics, antifungals, and immunosuppressant medications.

If you're on any of those, or if you're critically ill or immunocompromised, talk with your pharmacist before starting. Check your exact medications with the tool on this page.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 7 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Sep 25, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about ProbioMax Plus DF, straight from the product label.

Brand XYMOGEN
Barcode (UPC) 871149002244
Net contents 30 Stick Pack(s); 2.54 Ounce(s); 72 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Sep 25, 2025
DSLD ID 335553
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), No Allergies, Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2.4 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2.4 Gram(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
871149002244
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories5 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrates1 Gram(s)--
Proprietary Blend174 mg--
Dietary Fiber1 Gram(s)4%
Saccharomyces boulardii500 mg--
Bifidobacterium longum Bl-050 NP--
Bifidobacterium lactis HN01950 mg--
Lactobacillus plantarum Lp-1150 NP--
Lactobacillus acidophilus La-140 NP--
Arabinogalactan1.5 Gram(s)--

Other ingredients: Silica

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Brand IP Statement(s)

S1. FloraFIT, HOWARU Bifido, and the HOWARU logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of DuPont or its affiliates. S2. HN019 is a trademark of Fonterra Limited and is licensed to DuPont Nutrition & Biosciences. Copyright 2023 Xymogen

XYMOGEN Exclusive Professional Formulas

Seals/Symbols

GMP Compliant Third-Party Verified

ePV (ePedigree Verification)

General Statements

This package is completely recyclable

Scan this code to learn more!

Clean seas turn the tide on plastic #CleanSeas XYMOGEN is committed to reducing the amount of plastics used throughout our business, particularly in the packaging of our products. With our participation in the United Nations Environment Programme Clean Seas initiative, we strive to positively decrease our environmental footprint, providing results that can ultimately: Help free the ocean of litter, making it safer for millions of marine animals. Reduce the use of non-renewable resources. Keep wild-caught seafood healthy and safe to eat. Protect maritime economics such as organic fishing, tourism, and recreation.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Dissolve the contents of one stick pack in 1-2 oz pure water and consume one to three times daily, or take as directed by your healthcare professional.

Precautions

Consult your healthcare professional prior to use, especially if you have severe immune suppression. Do not use if stick pack is damaged.

Individuals taking antifungal or other medication should discuss potential interactions with their healthcare professional.

Storage: Keep closed in a cool, dry place out of reach of children.

Formula

ProbioMax Plus DF is an ideal combination of ingredients for individuals seeking a well-rounded supplement to address intestinal ecology, cellular health, and immunity. It features well-researched probiotic strains; Saccharomyces boulardii, a non-pathogenic yeast; and arabinogalactan, a prebiotic. By combining these ingredients, the individual benefits of each component can be complemented by the mechanisms of the others.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Storage

Storage: Keep closed in a cool, dry place out of reach of children.

Formulation

Formulated to Exclude: Wheat, gluten, soy, animal and dairy products, fish, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, egg, sesame, ingredients derived from genetically modified organisms (GMOs), artificial colors, artificial sweeteners, and artificial preservatives.

Comprehensive Support for Gut Ecology

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

See for yourself

ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN

These are the 7 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2.4 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Blend

174 mg per serving

Dietary Fiber

Interacts with
2,025 drugs
1 Gram(s) per serving

Black psyllium is a soluble-fiber supplement made from the seeds of a Plantago plant, used mostly to ease constipation and support digestive health. I...

Dietary Fiber monograph & interactions

Saccharomyces boulardii

Interacts with
40 drugs
500 mg per serving

Saccharomyces boulardii is a beneficial yeast used as a probiotic, with the strongest evidence for preventing and treating certain types of diarrhea,...

Saccharomyces boulardii monograph & interactions

Bifidobacterium lactis HN019

50 mg per serving

Arabinogalactan

Interacts with
121 drugs
1.5 Gram(s) per serving Form: Larix laricina

Larch arabinogalactan is a soluble fiber from larch trees that is mainly used as a prebiotic and for immune support. Early research is interesting but...

Arabinogalactan monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Silica. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against ProbioMax Plus DF?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
2,162Drugs
325 Moderate 1,837 Minor

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in ProbioMax Plus DF with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Dietary Fiber7 drug types · 2,025 drugs

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Theoretically, black psyllium might reduce the effects of carbamazepine and increase the risk for convulsions.
Theoretically, black psyllium might reduce carbamazepine absorption. A preliminary study using blond psyllium reported decreased carbamazepine bioavailability due to binding of the drug to psyllium, as well as reduction of available fluid in the gut for dissolution of the drug. This interaction may also occur with black psyllium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, taking black psyllium at the same time as lithium might reduce lithium absorption.
The fiber in black psyllium might reduce lithium absorption and plasma levels. Some case reports describe a reduction in plasma lithium levels with concomitant administration of blond psyllium. This was reversed when psyllium was stopped. This interaction may also occur with black psyllium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Metformin (Glucophage)

Theoretically, black psyllium might increase the therapeutic and adverse effects of metformin.
Animal research shows that concurrent consumption of blond psyllium with metformin slows and increases the absorption of metformin. This interaction may also occur with black psyllium. To avoid changes in absorption, take psyllium 30-60 minutes after metformin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)

Theoretically, taking black psyllium at the same time as olanzapine might reduce olanzapine absorption.
The fiber in black psyllium might decrease the absorption of olanzapine. A single case report describes a reduction in the effectiveness of olanzapine when it was concomitantly administered with an unspecified type of psyllium 3 grams orally twice daily. This effect was reversed when psyllium was stopped.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Theoretically, taking black psyllium at the same time as digoxin might reduce digoxin absorption and decrease digoxin levels.
Psyllium might bind digoxin in the gut. However, some clinical evidence suggests that psyllium does not impact digoxin absorption.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Ethinyl Estradiol

Theoretically, taking black psyllium at the same time as ethinyl estradiol might alter levels of estradiol.
Concurrent use of blond psyllium with ethinyl estradiol results in a slight increase in the extent of ethinyl estradiol absorption and a slower rate of absorption. This is unlikely to be clinically significant.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Oral Drugs

Theoretically, psyllium might increase, decrease, or have no effect on the absorption of oral drugs.
Psyllium seems to have variable effects on drug absorption. To avoid changes in absorption, take psyllium 30-60 minutes after oral medications. Animal research shows that blond psyllium delays and increases the absorption of metformin and ethinyl estradiol. Case reports and animal research suggest that blond psyllium might reduce absorption of lithium, digoxin, olanzapine, and carbamazepine. Finally, some pharmacokinetic studies show that psyllium does not affect the absorption of levothyroxine or warfarin. Although many of these studies evaluated blond psyllium, the fiber content in black psyllium may have similar effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B

Bifidobacterium longum Bl-051 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Bifidobacterium longum with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of B. longum.
Since B. longum preparations usually contain live and active organisms, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and B. longum preparations by at least 2 hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D

Lactobacillus acidophilus La-141 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L. acidophilus.
L. acidophilus preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and L. acidophilus preparations by at least two hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D

Arabinogalactan1 drug type · 121 drugs

Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, larch arabinogalactan might interfere with immunosuppression therapy due to immunostimulant effects. Immunosuppressant drugs include azathioprine (Imuran), basiliximab (Simulect), cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune), daclizumab (Zenapax), muromonab-CD3 (OKT3, Orthoclone OKT3), mycophenolate (CellCept), tacrolimus (FK506, Prograf), sirolimus (Rapamune), prednisone (Deltasone, Orasone), corticosteroids (glucocorticoids), and other drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Saccharomyces boulardii1 drug type · 40 drugs

Antifungals

Theoretically, taking antifungals with Saccharomyces boulardii might decrease the effectiveness of Saccharomyces boulardii.
S. boulardii is a live yeast. Therefore, simultaneously taking antifungals might kill a significant number of the organisms.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for ProbioMax Plus DF, from the product label.

XYMOGEN

See all XYMOGEN products
Name
XYMOGEN Exclusive Professional Formulas
Street Address
6900 Kingspointe Pkwy.
City
Orlando
State
FL
ZipCode
32819
Phone Number
800-647-6100
Web Address
www.xymogen.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN: Common Questions

Does ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, ProbioMax Plus DF has a known interaction with 2,162 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
ProbioMax Plus DF contains 7 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm on antibiotics?
Theoretically, yes, but timing matters. The live probiotic strains in this product may be killed by antibiotics if taken simultaneously, which would make the probiotics less effective. Talk to your pharmacist about spacing out the doses — usually at least 2–3 hours apart is recommended, though the best timing depends on your specific antibiotic.
Will this help my diarrhea?
It depends on the cause. Saccharomyces boulardii is possibly effective for rotaviral diarrhea, travelers' diarrhea, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and some other types. Lactobacillus acidophilus is possibly effective for antibiotic-associated diarrhea and irritable bowel syndrome. But the evidence is not strong enough for all uses, so ask your doctor if this is the right choice for your situation.
What are the common side effects?
Most people tolerate it well. Rarely, you might experience mild gastrointestinal side effects like abdominal cramps, flatulence, nausea, or bloating. These are usually temporary. If you're critically ill or immunocompromised, there is a small risk of a bloodstream or fungal infection, so avoid this product unless your doctor approves.
Is it safe to use while pregnant or breastfeeding?
Bifidobacterium longum is possibly safe in pregnancy and lactation. For Lactobacillus acidophilus, pregnancy is possibly safe but lactation data are not on file. For Saccharomyces boulardii and the other ingredients, there isn't enough data to know either way. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice if you're pregnant or nursing.
What is Arabinogalactan and why is it in this product?
Arabinogalactan is a soluble fiber extracted from larch wood. It acts as a prebiotic, meaning it feeds the beneficial bacteria in your gut to help them thrive. It may also have some immune support properties, though the evidence for specific health claims is not strong.
Can I take this with immunosuppressant medications?
Probably not without your doctor's approval. Arabinogalactan in this product may theoretically interfere with immunosuppressants like cyclosporine or tacrolimus by stimulating your immune system. Check with your doctor or pharmacist before adding this product if you take any immunosuppressant.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if ProbioMax Plus DF is safe with your meds?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

ProbioMax Plus DF label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind ProbioMax Plus DF’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Bifidobacterium Longum

Interacts with 182 drugs

Bifidobacterium longum is a 'friendly' bacterium found naturally in the human gut and used as a probiotic. It is generally well tolerated and is most studied for digestive issues, though evi...

Read the full Bifidobacterium Longum monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Lactobacillus Acidophilus

Interacts with 182 drugs

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people, and there is reasonable evidence...

Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Black Psyllium

Interacts with 2,025 drugs

Black psyllium is a soluble-fiber supplement made from the seeds of a Plantago plant, used mostly to ease constipation and support digestive health. It is best known and most studied for rel...

Read the full Black Psyllium monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Saccharomyces Boulardii

Interacts with 40 drugs

Saccharomyces boulardii is a beneficial yeast used as a probiotic, with the strongest evidence for preventing and treating certain types of diarrhea, including antibiotic-associated diarrhea...

Read the full Saccharomyces Boulardii monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Larch Arabinogalactan

Interacts with 121 drugs

Larch arabinogalactan is a soluble fiber from larch trees that is mainly used as a prebiotic and for immune support. Early research is interesting but limited, and most claims are not yet fi...

Read the full Larch Arabinogalactan monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

ProbioMax Plus DF's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 88 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Black Psyllium 18 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  2. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  3. Covington TR, et al. Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs. 11th ed. Washington, DC: American Pharmaceutical Association, 1996.
  4. Etman M. Effect of a bulk forming laxative on the bioavailablility of carbamazepine in man. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 1995;21:1901-6.
  5. Perlman BB. Interaction between lithium salts and ispaghula husk. Lancet 1990;335:416.
  6. Vaswani SK, Hamilton RG, Valentine MD, Adkinson NF. Psyllium laxative-induced anaphylaxis, asthma, and rhinitis. Allergy 1996;51:266-8. PubMed
  7. Lantner RR, Espiritu BR, Zumerchik P, Tobin MC. Anaphylaxis following ingestion of a psyllium-containing cereal. JAMA 1990;264:2534-6. DOI
  8. Kaplan MJ. Anaphylactic reaction to "Heartwise." N Engl J Med 1990;323:1072-3. DOI
  9. Nordstrom M, Melander A, Robertsson E, Steen B. Influence of wheat bran and of a bulk-forming ispaghula cathartic on the bioavailability of digoxin in geriatric in-patients. Drug Nutr Interact 1987;5:67-9..
  10. Robinson DS, Benjamin DM, McCormack JJ. Interaction of warfarin and nonsystemic gastrointestinal drugs. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1971;12:491-5. PubMed
  11. Garcia JJ, Fernandez N, Diez MJ, et al. Influence of two dietary fibers in the oral bioavailability and other pharmacokinetic parameters of ethinyloestradiol. Contraception 2000;62:253-7. PubMed
  12. Fernandez N, Lopez C, Díez R, et al. Drug interactions with the dietary fiber Plantago ovata husk. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2012;8(11):1377-86.
  13. Semen plantaginis in: WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants, volume 1. World Health Organization, Geneva, 1999. Available at http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Js2200e/. Accessed November 26, 1026.
  14. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 (21CFR 101.17). Food labeling warning, notice, and safe handling statements. Available at www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=20f647d3b74161501f46564b915b4048&mc=true&node=se21.2.101_117&rgn=div8. Accessed December 3, 2
  15. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 (21CFR 201.319). Specific labeling requirements - water-soluble gums, hydrophilic gums, and hydrophilic mucilloids. Available at www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=201.319. Accessed Dece
  16. Diez R, Garcia JJ, Diez MJ, Sierra M, Sahagun AM, Fernandez N. Influence of Plantago ovata husk (dietary fiber) on the bioavailability and other pharmacokinetic parameters of metformin in diabetic rabbits. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017 Jun 7;17(1):298. PubMed
  17. Chiu AC, Sherman SI. Effects of pharmacological fiber supplements on levothyroxine absorption. Thyroid. 1998;8(8):667-71. PubMed
  18. Merrick C, Madden CA, Capurso NA. A Case of Blunted Orally Disintegrating Olanzapine Effect Due to Coadministered Psyllium. J Clin Psychiatry 2021;82(2):20cr13633. PubMed

See these in context on the Black Psyllium monograph →

Saccharomyces Boulardii 26 references
  1. Niault M, Thomas F, Prost J, et al. Fungemia due to Saccharomyces species in a patient treated with enteral Saccharomyces boulardii. Clin Infect Dis 1999;28:930.
  2. Pletinex M, Legein J, Vandenplas Y. Fungemia with Saccharomyces boulardii in a 1-year-old girl with protracted diarrhea. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1995;21:113-5. DOI
  3. Fredenucci I, Chomarat M, Boucaud C, et al. Saccharomyces boulardii fungemia in a patient receiving ultra-levure therapy. Clin Infect Dis 1998;27:222-3.
  4. Elmer GW, McFarland LV, Surawicz CM, et al. Behaviour of Saccharomyces boulardii in recurrent Clostridium difficile disease patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999;13:1663-8.
  5. Lewis SJ, Freedman AR. Review article: the use of biotherapeutic agents in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1998;12:807-22. PubMed
  6. Cesaro S, Chinello P, Rossi L, Zanesco L. Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia in a neutropenic patient treated with Saccharomyces boulardii. Support Care Cancer 2000;8:504-5. PubMed
  7. Hennequin C, Thierry A, Richard GF, et al. Microsatellite typing as a new tool for identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:551-9.
  8. Plein K, Hotz J. Therapeutic effects of Saccharomyces boulardii on mild residual symptoms in a stable phase of Crohn's disease with special respect to chronic diarrhea - a pilot study. Z Gastroenterol 1993;31:129-34.
  9. Borriello SP, Hammes WP, Holzapfel W, et al. Safety of probiotics that contain lactobacilli or bifidobacteria. Clin Infect Dis 2003;36:775-80. PubMed
  10. Marteau P, Seksik P. Tolerance of probiotics and prebiotics. J Clin Gastroenterol 2004;38:S67-9. PubMed
  11. Munoz P, Bouza E, Cuenca-Estrella M, et al. Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia: an emerging infectious disease. Clin Infect Dis 2005;40:1625-34. PubMed
  12. Lherm, T., Monet, C., Nougiere, B., Soulier, M., Larbi, D., Le Gall, C., Caen, D., and Malbrunot, C. Seven cases of fungemia with Saccharomyces boulardii in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 2002;28(6):797-801. PubMed
  13. Riquelme, A. J., Calvo, M. A., Guzman, A. M., Depix, M. S., Garcia, P., Perez, C., Arrese, M., and Labarca, J. A. Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia after Saccharomyces boulardii treatment in immunocompromised patients. J Clin.Gastroenterol. 2003;36(1):41- PubMed
  14. Cherifi, S., Robberecht, J., and Miendje, Y. Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia in an elderly patient with Clostridium difficile colitis. Acta Clin Belg. 2004;59(4):223-224. PubMed
  15. Ellouze O, Berthoud V, Mervant M, Parthiot JP, Girard C. Septic shock due to Sacccaromyces boulardii. Med Mal Infect. 2016;46(2):104-105.
  16. Appel-da-Silva MC, Narvaez GA, Perez LRR, Drehmer L, Lewgoy J. Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii fungemia following probiotic treatment. Med Mycol Case Rep. 2017;18:15-7. PubMed
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  18. Martin IW, Tonner R, Trivedi J, et al. Saccharomyces boulardii probiotic-associated fungemia: questioning the safety of this preventive probiotic's use. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2017;87(3):286-8. PubMed
  19. Romanio MR, Coraine LA, Maielo VP, Abramczyc ML, Souza RL, Oliveira NF. Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia in a pediatric patient after treatment with probiotics. Rev Paul Pediatr 2017;35(3):361-4.
  20. Roy U, Jessani LG, Rudramurthy SM, et al. Seven cases of Saccharomyces fungaemia related to use of probiotics. Mycoses 2017;60(6):375-380.
  21. Romanio MR, Coraine LA, Maielo VP, Abramczyc ML, Souza RL, Oliveira NF. Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia in a pediatric patient after treatment with probiotics. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2017 Jul-Sep;35(3):361-364. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2017;35;3;00014.
  22. Flatley EA, Wilde AM, Nailor MD. Saccharomyces boulardii for the prevention of hospital onset Clostridium difficile infection. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2015;24(1):21-4. PubMed
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Bifidobacterium Longum 21 references
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  8. Shahriari A, Karimi E, Shahriari M, Aslani N, Khooshideh M, Arab A. The effect of probiotic supplementation on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among high-risk pregnant women: A parallel double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial PubMed
  9. Esaiassen E, Hjerde E, Cavanagh JP, Simonsen GS, Klingenberg C; Norwegian Study Group on Invasive Bifidobacterial Infections. Bifidobacterium bacteremia: Clinical characteristics and a genomic approach to assess pathogenicity. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55(7) PubMed
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See these in context on the Bifidobacterium Longum monograph →

Lactobacillus Acidophilus 15 references
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  2. Begtrup LM, de Muckadell OB, Kjeldsen J, Christensen RD, Jarbøl DE. Long-term treatment with probiotics in primary care patients with irritable bowel syndrome--a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 2013;48(10):1127-35 PubMed
  3. Chatterjee S, Kar P, Das T, Ray S, Gangulyt S, Rajendiran C, Mitra M. Randomised placebo-controlled double blind multicentric trial on efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium BB-12 for prevention of antibiotic-associated
  4. Shavakhi A, Tabesh E, Yaghoutkar A, Hashemi H, Tabesh F, Khodadoostan M,Minakari M, Shavakhi S, Gholamrezaei A. The effects of multistrain probiotic compound on bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized placebo-c
  5. Karamali M, Dadkhah F, Sadrkhanlou M, et al. Effects of probiotic supplementation on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Metab 2016;42(4):234-41. PubMed
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Larch Arabinogalactan 8 references
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See these in context on the Larch Arabinogalactan monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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