Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by TerraVita Premium Collection
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg is a dietary supplement by TerraVita Premium Collection with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for general nutrition and energy, antioxidant support, cholesterol and metabolic health.Based on those ingredients, 327 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Spirulina Pacific. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg by TerraVita Premium Collection
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg by TerraVita Premium Collection — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg by TerraVita Premium Collection
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This product contains one active ingredient: spirulina Pacific, a blue-green algae, at 450 mg per capsule. The capsules also hold gelatin and water as inactive ingredients.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
Spirulina has possibly effective evidence for helping lower blood pressure (hypertension). For acne, allergic rhinitis (hay fever), iron deficiency anemia, and arsenic poisoning, the evidence is too thin or unreliable to say whether it works.
We hold no effectiveness data for other uses.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Spirulina is generally well tolerated by mouth, though some people report abdominal cramps, bloating, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, flatulence, headache, nausea, and vomiting. Allergic reactions — including urticaria (hives), itching, and in rare cases anaphylaxis — have been reported.
A few cases of mild gum bleeding and bruising occurred in people taking a spirulina product at 2.3 grams daily for 2 weeks. A major caution: quality varies widely, and some spirulina products are contaminated with toxins or heavy metals.
The safety data for pregnancy and breastfeeding is not sufficient — there isn't enough information to know whether it's safe during these times. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is right for you if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to be.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before you start, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (like warfarin or aspirin) — spirulina may increase bleeding risk. Also flag any immunosuppressant medications and any diabetes drugs, since spirulina may interfere with the first and lower blood sugar with the second.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Spirulina may help with high blood pressure, but evidence for other uses is lacking or unclear. If you take blood thinners, immune-suppressing drugs, or diabetes medications, check with your doctor or pharmacist before starting — the interactions are possible, though some remain theoretical.
Quality and contamination are real concerns with this product, so source matters.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 21, 2023.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg, straight from the product label.
| Brand | TerraVita Premium Collection |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 064435214456 |
| Net contents | 100 Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Apr 21, 2023 |
| DSLD ID | 289500 |
| Product type | Non-nutrient/non-botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg by TerraVita Premium Collection, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Statement of Identity
A Dietary Supplement
Brand IP Statement(s)
Copyright 2017 TerraVita - Distributed by ZooScape LLC, All Rights Reserved.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions Take 1 capsule, 3 times daily, with meals.
General Statements
TerraVita is an exclusive line of premium natural products that use the finest, purest and most potent ingredients in the world. TerraVita's hallmarks are the highest possible standards of purity, potency, stability and freshness. All products are prepared with the greatest quality control, from raw materials through the entire manufacturing process, right up to the moment your product is sealed for freshness and shipped to you.
Please recycle!
FDA Disclaimer Statement
Statements not evaluated by FDA. Product not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg by TerraVita Premium Collection label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg by TerraVita Premium Collection
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container100 Amounts shown are per serving.
Spirulina Pacific
Interacts with327 drugs
Blue-green algae are nutrient-rich aquatic microorganisms (such as spirulina and Klamath Lake algae) taken as a supplement for energy, nutrition, and...
Spirulina Pacific monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Water. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg by TerraVita Premium Collection Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg by TerraVita Premium Collection may interact with blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs, immunosuppressants, and diabetes medications through its spirulina content.
The most serious documented concern is with blood thinners (anticoagulants) and antiplatelet drugs — spirulina shows anticoagulant and antiplatelet effects in the lab, though a small preliminary study suggested the risk of increased bleeding is unlikely at typical doses.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Spirulina may also interfere with immunosuppressive medications by stimulating your immune system, which could reduce their effectiveness. If you take drugs to suppress immunity after a transplant or for an autoimmune condition, this is worth discussing with your doctor or pharmacist.
Additionally, spirulina can lower blood sugar (hypoglycemia), so combining it with antidiabetes drugs might increase that risk — though the research doesn't show it improves long-term blood sugar control (HbA1c).
Altogether, these interactions span 327 individual medications. Use the search tool on this page to check your exact medications before starting.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg interact with 327 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Spirulina Pacific
6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Abciximab interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Immunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Abrocitinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Acarbose interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Acenocoumarol interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, IbuprofenCombogesic
How Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interactionAcetohexamideDymelor
How Acetohexamide interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Acetohexamide interactionAcetylsalicylic AcidEntrophen
How Acetylsalicylic Acid interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Acetylsalicylic Acid interactionAdalimumabHumira
How Adalimumab interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Adalimumab interactionAdalimumab-adazHyrimoz
How Adalimumab-adaz interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Adalimumab-adaz interactionAdalimumab-adbmCyltezo
How Adalimumab-adbm interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Adalimumab-adbm interactionAdalimumab-afzbAbrilada
How Adalimumab-afzb interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Adalimumab-afzb interactionAdalimumab-attoAmjevita
How Adalimumab-atto interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Adalimumab-atto interactionAdalimumab-bwwdHadlima
How Adalimumab-bwwd interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Adalimumab-bwwd interactionAdalimumab-fkjpHulio
How Adalimumab-fkjp interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Adalimumab-fkjp interactionAlbiglutideTanzeum
How Albiglutide interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Albiglutide interactionAlefaceptAmevive
How Alefacept interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Alefacept interactionAlemtuzumabCampath
How Alemtuzumab interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Alemtuzumab interactionAlogliptinNesina
How Alogliptin interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Alogliptin interactionAlogliptin, MetforminKazano
How Alogliptin, Metformin interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Alogliptin, Metformin interactionAlogliptin, PioglitazoneOseni
How Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interactionAlteplase, TpaActilyse, Activase
How Alteplase, Tpa interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Alteplase, Tpa interactionAluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin Codeine #2
How Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionAluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin
How Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium Hydroxide interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionAnacaulase-bcdbNexoBrid
How Anacaulase-bcdb interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Anacaulase-bcdb interactionAnagrelideAgrylin
How Anagrelide interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Anagrelide interactionAnifrolumab-fniaSaphnelo
How Anifrolumab-fnia interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Anifrolumab-fnia interactionAnisindioneMiradon
How Anisindione interacts with Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacific + Anisindione interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Spirulina Pacific
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. However, this is unlikely.
Spirulina blue-green algae have shown antiplatelet and anticoagulant effects in vitro. However, one preliminary study in 24 patients receiving spirulina blue-green algae 2.3 grams daily for 2 weeks showed no effect on platelet activation or measures of clotting time.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Human research shows that spirulina blue-green algae can have hypoglycemic effects in patients with diabetes, at least some of whom were using antidiabetes drugs. However, blue-green algae does not seem to improve glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with diabetes. A meta-analysis of animal studies also suggests that spirulina blue-green algae have hypoglycemic effects.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Blue-green algae have been shown to stimulate the immune system.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg, from the product label.
TerraVita Premium Collection
See all TerraVita Premium Collection products- Name
- TerraVita Fine Whole Herbs
- City
- Brampton
- State
- Ontario
Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg by TerraVita Premium Collection: Common Questions
Does Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg by TerraVita Premium Collection interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Does spirulina actually work?
What side effects might I get?
Is it safe to take while pregnant or breastfeeding?
What should I watch out for when buying spirulina?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Spirulina (Pacific) 450 mg's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 22 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Blue-green Algae 22 references
- Jensen GS, Ginsberg DJ, Huerta P, et al. Consumption of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae has rapid effects on the circulation and function of immune cells in humans. A novel approach to nutritional mobilization of the immune system. JANA 2000;2:50-6.
- Iwasa M, Yamamoto M, Tanaka Y, et al. Spirulina-associated hepatotoxicity. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:3212-13. PubMed
- Hayashi O, Katoh T, Okuwaki Y. Enhancement of antibody production in mice by dietary Spirulina platensis. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1994;40:431-41.. PubMed
- Vitale S, Miller NR, Mejico LJ, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial of super blue-green algae in patients with essential blepharospasm or Meige syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 2004;138:18-32. PubMed
- Mani UV, Desai S, Iyer U. Studies on the long-term effect of spirulina supplementation on serum lipid profile and glycated proteins in NIDDM patients. J Nutraceut 2000;2(3):25-32. DOI
- Chiu HF, Yang SP, Kuo YL, et al. Mechanisms involved in the antiplatelet effect of C-phycocyanin. Br J Nutr 2006;95:435-40. PubMed
- Hsiao G, Chou PH, Shen MY, et al. C-phycocyanin, a very potent and novel platelet aggregation inhibitor from Spirulina platensis. J Agric Food Chem 2005;53:7734-40.
- Katz M, Levine AA, Kol-Degani H, Kav-Venaki L. A compound herbal preparation (CHP) in the treatment of children with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial. J Atten Disord 2010;14:281-91. PubMed
- Madhyastha, H. K., Radha, K. S., Sugiki, M., Omura, S., and Maruyama, M. Purification of c-phycocyanin from Spirulina fusiformis and its effect on the induction of urokinase-type plasminogen activator from calf pulmonary endothelial cells. Phytomedicine PubMed
- Mazokopakis, E. E., Karefilakis, C. M., Tsartsalis, A. N., Milkas, A. N., and Ganotakis, E. S. Acute rhabdomyolysis caused by Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis). Phytomedicine. 2008;15(6-7):525-527. PubMed
- Halidou, Doudou M., Degbey, H., Daouda, H., Leveque, A., Donnen, P., Hennart, P., and Dramaix-Wilmet, M. [The effect of spiruline during nutritional rehabilitation: systematic review]. Rev.Epidemiol.Sante Publique 2008;56(6):425-431.
- Konno, T., Umeda, Y., Umeda, M., Kawachi, I., Oyake, M., and Fujita, N. [A case of inflammatory myopathy with widely skin rash following use of supplements containing Spirulina]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2011;51(5):330-333. PubMed
- Le TM, Knulst AC, Röckmann H. Anaphylaxis to Spirulina confirmed by skin prick test with ingredients of Spirulina tablets. Food Chem Toxicol 2014;74:309-10. PubMed
- Rzymski P, Niedzielski P, Kaczmarek N, Jurczak T, Klimaszyk P. The multidisciplinary approach to safety and toxicity assessment of microalgae-based food supplements following clinical cases of poisoning. Harmful Algae 2015;46:34-42. DOI
- Petrus M, Culerrier R, Campistron M, et al. First case report of anaphylaxis to spirulin: identification of phycocyanin as responsible allergen. Allergy 2010;65(7):924-5. PubMed
- Marles RJ, Barrett ML, Barnes J, et al. United States Pharmacopeia safety evaluation of spirulina. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2011;51(7):593-604. PubMed
- Majdoub H, Ben Mansour M, Chaubet F, et al. Anticoagulant activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from the green alga Arthrospira platensis. Biochim Biophys Acta 2009;1790(10):1377-81. PubMed
- Cha BG, Kwak HW, Park AR, et al. Structural characteristics and biological performance of silk fibroin nanofiber containing microalgae spirulina extract. Biopolymers 2014;101(4):307-18. PubMed
- Jensen GS, Drapeau C, Lenninger M, Benson KF. Clinical safety of a high dose of phycocyanin-enriched aqueous extract from Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis: results from a randomized, double-Blind, placebo-controlled study with a focus on anticoagulant ac
- Hamedifard Z, Milajerdi A, Reiner Z, Taghizadeh M, Kolahdooz F, Asemi Z. The effects of spirulina on glycemic control and serum lipoproteins in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized con
- Moradi S, Zobeiri M, Feizi A, Clark CCT, Entezari MH. The effects of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) supplementation on anthropometric indices, blood pressure, sleep quality, mental health, fatigue status and quality of life in patients with ulcerative
- Ghanbari F, Amerizadeh A, Behshood P, Moradi S, Asgary S. Effect of microalgae arthrospira on biomarkers of glycemic control and glucose metabolism: a systematic Review and meta-analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022;47(10):100942. PubMed
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC