Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 3 of 4 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Windmill

Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM label
See full label image
Tablet Or Pill Category: Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM is a dietary supplement by Windmill with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for osteoarthritis joint pain, joint stiffness, cartilage support.Based on those ingredients, 170 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Glucosamine HCl, Chondroitin Sulfate. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM by Windmill

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM by Windmill — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM by Windmill

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 4 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This product contains 4 active ingredients. Glucosamine HCl and chondroitin sulfate are both structural components of cartilage (the cushioning tissue in your joints) that your body uses to maintain joint health.

MSM (methylsulfonylmethane) is an organic sulfur compound. Sodium hyaluronate (also called hyaluronic acid) is a naturally occurring substance that holds water and supports skin and joint lubrication.

The tablet also contains several inactive ingredients — microcrystalline cellulose, stearic acid, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, silica, and a film coat — that help form and protect the tablet.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Promotes healthy cartilage and joint health.
  • We looked for evidence on: Osteoarthritis, Joint pain, Knee pain, Back pain, Aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgia, Kashin-Beck disease — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Glucosamine is rated "Likely Effective" for Osteoarthritis (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Chondroitin Sulfate is rated "Possibly Effective" for Osteoarthritis.
  • Also on file: Chondroitin Sulfate is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Kashin-Beck disease, Aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgia.

Glucosamine is rated likely effective for osteoarthritis, the most common form of joint wear-and-tear. Chondroitin and sodium hyaluronate both have insufficient reliable evidence to confidently rate them for most conditions in our data, though chondroitin is possibly effective for cataracts and osteoarthritis, and hyaluronic acid is possibly effective for dry eye and venous leg ulcers.

We hold no effectiveness ratings for MSM. Overall, the strongest claim here is glucosamine's role in osteoarthritis, though real-world benefit varies person to person.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Chondroitin Sulfate Glucosamine Hyaluronic Acid

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Glucosamine and chondroitin are generally well tolerated in the short term, though quality and benefit vary across products. Common side effects from oral use include bloating, constipation, diarrhea, heartburn, nausea, and abdominal pain.

Rare serious effects include liver injury (hepatotoxicity). Both ingredients have also been linked to skin reactions — rashes, swelling around the eyes, and in one case a reproducible photosensitivity reaction (skin reaction triggered by sun exposure).

Very rarely, asthma exacerbation has been reported with glucosamine-chondroitin combinations. Allergic reactions, including severe ones like anaphylaxis, have been reported with glucosamine, especially in sensitive individuals.

Sodium hyaluronate is generally well tolerated orally and topically. The facts do not provide enough safety information for any of these ingredients during pregnancy or breastfeeding — talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized guidance.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Chondroitin Sulfate Glucosamine Hyaluronic Acid

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Chondroitin Sulfate, Glucosamine.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 170 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, double-check with your pharmacist if you take warfarin (Coumadin) or other blood thinners — glucosamine and chondroitin may increase bleeding risk. Cancer chemotherapy drugs, especially topoisomerase II inhibitors like etoposide or doxorubicin, may be affected.

Diabetes medications and acetaminophen-based pain relievers deserve a quick review as well.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

If you're considering this for joint health with osteoarthritis, glucosamine has the strongest evidence. But if you take warfarin or cancer chemotherapy, this product isn't a simple add-on — you need to check with your pharmacist first.

Gastrointestinal side effects and rare allergic reactions are possible. Talk to your pharmacist about whether this fits your health profile and medications.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Sep 21, 2018.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM, straight from the product label.

Brand Windmill
Barcode (UPC) 035046004040
Net contents 90 Tablet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Sep 21, 2018
DSLD ID 181105
Product type Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Supplement form Tablet Or Pill
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM by Windmill, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
3 Tablet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
3 Tablet(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
035046004040
IngredientAmount% DV
Chondroitin Sulfate1200 mg--
MSM900 mg--
Glucosamine HCl1500 mg--
Sodium Hyaluronate30 mg--

Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Stearic Acid, Croscarmellose Sodium, Magnesium Stearate, Silica, Film Coat

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Take 3 tablets daily preferably with meals, as a dietary supplement or as directed by a healthcare professional.

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children.

Do not purchase if seal is broken.

Contains crab, lobster, prawn and shrimp.

Storage

Protect from heat, light & moisture. Store in a cool, dry place.

General Statements

Made in the U.S.A.

Trusted since 1972 Natural Vitamins Pharmacist Recommended Promotes Healthy Cartilage Supports Joint Health & Flexibility

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

General

ITEM: 404

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Formula

Contains crab, lobster, prawn and shrimp.

Formulation

No sugar, salt, starch, yeast, wheat, milk, artificial colors, flavors or preservatives Gluten Free

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM by Windmill label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM by Windmill

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size3 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Chondroitin Sulfate

Interacts with
2 drugs
1200 mg per serving

Chondroitin sulfate is a naturally occurring building block of cartilage that is widely taken, often with glucosamine, for osteoarthritis joint pain....

Chondroitin Sulfate monograph & interactions

MSM

900 mg per serving

Glucosamine HCl

Interacts with
170 drugs
1500 mg per serving

Glucosamine is a natural compound found in cartilage and joint fluid, and it is one of the most popular supplements for osteoarthritis, especially of...

Glucosamine HCl monograph & interactions

Sodium Hyaluronate

No known
interactions
30 mg per serving

Hyaluronic acid is a natural substance in the body that helps hold water in the skin, joints, and eyes. Oral and topical products are popular for skin...

Sodium Hyaluronate monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Stearic Acid, Croscarmellose Sodium, Magnesium Stearate, Silica, Film Coat. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM by Windmill Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
170Drugs
2 Major 13 Moderate 155 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Glucosamine HCl 170
Chondroitin Sulfate 2

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM interact with 170 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 4 ingredients in Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Glucosamine HCl Chondroitin Sulfate

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Glucosamine HCl4 drug types · 170 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Glucosamine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin and increase the risk of bruising and bleeding.
In two individual case reports, glucosamine/chondroitin combinations were associated with a significant increase in international normalized ratio (INR) in patients previously stabilized on warfarin. In one case, the increase in INR occurred only after tripling the dose of a glucosamine/chondroitin supplement from 500 mg/400 mg daily to 1500/1200 mg daily. Additionally, 20 voluntary case reports to the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) have linked glucosamine plus chondroitin with increased INR, bruising, and bleeding in patients who were also taking warfarin. There have also been 20 additional case reports to the World Health Organization (WHO) that link glucosamine alone to increased INR in patients taking warfarin. The mechanism of this interaction is unclear. Glucosamine is a small component of heparin, but is not thought to have anticoagulant activity; however, animal research suggests that it might have antiplatelet activity.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Topoisomerase Ii Inhibitors

Theoretically glucosamine may induce resistance to topoisomerase II inhibitors.
In vitro research suggests that glucosamine might induce resistance to etoposide (VP16, VePesid) and doxorubicin (Adriamycin) by reducing inhibition of topoisomerase II, an enzyme required for DNA replication in tumor cells. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Acetaminophen (Tylenol, Others)

Acetaminophen might interfere with the activity of glucosamine sulfate by interacting with the sulfate portion.
Anecdotal reports suggest that adding glucosamine to an acetaminophen regimen might decrease pain control in patients with osteoarthritis. Some research suggests that the sulfate portion of glucosamine sulfate might contribute to its effect in osteoarthritis. Since acetaminophen metabolism requires sulfur and reduces serum sulfate concentrations, acetaminophen could theoretically interfere with the action of glucosamine sulfate. Conversely, the administration of sulfate could theoretically decrease the effectiveness of acetaminophen in sulfate-deficient people by increasing its clearance.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antidiabetes Drugs

Despite initial concerns, it is unlikely that glucosamine will interfere with the effects of antidiabetes drugs.
In vitro and animal research has suggested that glucosamine might increase insulin resistance or decrease insulin production. This has raised concerns that taking glucosamine might worsen diabetes and decrease the effectiveness of diabetes drugs. However, clinical research suggests that glucosamine does not have adverse effects on blood glucose or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) in healthy, obese, or type 2 diabetes patients.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Glucosamine HCl full monograph & interactions

Chondroitin Sulfate1 drug type · 2 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Taking chondroitin in combination with glucosamine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin. However, the effect of chondroitin alone is unclear.
There have been multiple reports of increased international normalized ratio (INR) in patients taking warfarin with glucosamine, with or without chondroitin. The lack of reports with chondroitin alone seem to suggest that the interactions occurring in these reports may have been due to glucosamine. In two individual case reports, glucosamine/chondroitin combinations were associated with a significant increase in INR in patients previously stabilized on warfarin. Additionally, 20 voluntary case reports to the US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) have linked glucosamine plus chondroitin with increased INR, bruising, and bleeding in patients who were also taking warfarin. There have also been 20 additional case reports to the World Health Organization (WHO) that link glucosamine alone, without chondroitin, to increased INR in patients taking warfarin.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Chondroitin Sulfate full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM, from the product label.

Windmill

Name
Windmill Health Products
Street Address
10 Henderson Drive
City
West Caldwell
State
NJ
ZipCode
07006
Web Address
www.windmillvitamins.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM by Windmill: Common Questions

Does Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM by Windmill interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM has a known interaction with 170 medications, including 2 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Does glucosamine in this product actually work for joint pain?
Glucosamine is rated likely effective for osteoarthritis, so yes, there's solid evidence it can help. That said, real-world benefit varies from person to person, and the facts note that benefit is uncertain overall — some people see real improvement, others don't. It's worth a fair trial if you have osteoarthritis.
What are the most common side effects?
From the ingredients checked, the most common are bloating, constipation, diarrhea, heartburn, nausea, and abdominal pain. Most people tolerate it well, but if your stomach is sensitive, go low and slow — start with a lower dose and see how you feel.
Can I take this while pregnant or breastfeeding?
The safety information we have advises against all three active ingredients during pregnancy and breastfeeding — there isn't enough data to know they're safe. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether it's right for you in these situations; they can weigh the risks and benefits for your individual case.
What does the chondroitin and sodium hyaluronate do in this formula?
Chondroitin is another structural component of joint cartilage, and it's possibly effective for osteoarthritis and cataracts. Sodium hyaluronate (hyaluronic acid) holds water and supports joint lubrication and skin health; it's possibly effective for dry eye and wound healing. Together with glucosamine, they're meant to support overall joint and connective tissue health.
Why do I need to check with my pharmacist if I take warfarin?
Both glucosamine and chondroitin in this product can increase warfarin's blood-thinning effect and your bleeding risk. Case reports show patients' INR (blood-thinning measure) jumped significantly after starting these ingredients while on warfarin. Your pharmacist needs to know so you can be monitored or your warfarin dose adjusted if needed.
Is there anything in this product I should watch out for if I have allergies?
Glucosamine has been associated with allergic reactions in sensitive individuals — these range from mild (itching, hives) to severe (difficulty breathing, anaphylaxis). If you have a shellfish allergy or history of severe allergies, mention it to your pharmacist. Asthma exacerbation has also been rarely reported with glucosamine-chondroitin products.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Chondroitin Sulfate

Interacts with 2 drugs

Chondroitin sulfate is a naturally occurring building block of cartilage that is widely taken, often with glucosamine, for osteoarthritis joint pain. The evidence is mixed—some people report...

Read the full Chondroitin Sulfate monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Glucosamine

Interacts with 170 drugs

Glucosamine is a natural compound found in cartilage and joint fluid, and it is one of the most popular supplements for osteoarthritis, especially of the knee. The evidence is mixed, with so...

Read the full Glucosamine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid is a natural substance in the body that helps hold water in the skin, joints, and eyes. Oral and topical products are popular for skin moisture and joint comfort, and the evi...

Read the full Hyaluronic Acid monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Triple Strength Glucosamine with Chondroitin & MSM's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 84 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Chondroitin Sulfate 22 references
  1. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  2. Tallia AF, Cardone DA. Asthma exacerbation associated with glucosamine-chondroitin supplement. J Am Board Fam Pract 2002;15:481-4..
  3. Danao-Camara T. Potential side effects of treatment with glucosamine and chondroitin. Arthritis Rheum 2000;43:2853. PubMed
  4. Rozenfeld V, Crain JL, Callahan AK. Possible augmentation of warfarin effect by glucosamine-chondroitin. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2004;61:306-307. PubMed
  5. Clegg DO, Reda DJ, Harris CL, et al. Glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, and the two in combination for painful knee osteoarthritis. N Engl J Med 2006;354:795-808. DOI
  6. Knudsen J, Sokol GH. Potential glucosamine-warfarin interaction resulting in increased international normalized ratio: Case report and review of the literature and MedWatch database. Pharmacotherapy 2008;28:540-8. PubMed
  7. Yue QY, Strandell J, Myrberg O. Concomitant use of glucosamine potentiates the effect of warfarin. Jan 2006. Drug Safety 29(10):911-1010. DOI
  8. Nordling, J. and van, Ophoven A. Intravesical glycosaminoglycan replenishment with chondroitin sulphate in chronic forms of cystitis. A multi-national, multi-centre, prospective observational clinical trial. Arzneimittelforschung. 2008;58(7):328-335. PubMed
  9. Nickel, J. C., Egerdie, B., Downey, J., Singh, R., Skehan, A., Carr, L., and Irvine-Bird, K. A real-life multicentre clinical practice study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravesical chondroitin sulphate for the treatment of interstitial cystit
  10. Oliviero, U., Sorrentino, G. P., De Paola, P., Tranfaglia, E., D'Alessandro, A., Carifi, S., Porfido, F. A., Cerio, R., Grasso, A. M., Policicchio, D., and . Effects of the treatment with matrix on elderly people with chronic articular degeneration. Drug
  11. Crowley, D. C., Lau, F. C., Sharma, P., Evans, M., Guthrie, N., Bagchi, M., Bagchi, D., Dey, D. K., and Raychaudhuri, S. P. Safety and efficacy of undenatured type II collagen in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: a clinical trial. Int.J.Med.Sc PubMed
  12. Nickel, J. C., Egerdie, R. B., Steinhoff, G., Palmer, B., and Hanno, P. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel group pilot evaluation of the efficacy and safety of intravesical sodium chondroitin sulfate versus vehicle control in patients with
  13. Sawitzke, A. D., Shi, H., Finco, M. F., Dunlop, D. D., Harris, C. L., Singer, N. G., Bradley, J. D., Silver, D., Jackson, C. G., Lane, N. E., Oddis, C. V., Wolfe, F., Lisse, J., Furst, D. E., Bingham, C. O., Reda, D. J., Moskowitz, R. W., Williams, H. J.
  14. Wildi, L. M., Raynauld, J. P., Martel-Pelletier, J., Beaulieu, A., Bessette, L., Morin, F., Abram, F., Dorais, M., and Pelletier, J. P. Chondroitin sulphate reduces both cartilage volume loss and bone marrow lesions in knee osteoarthritis patients starti
  15. Pavelka and et al. Double-blind, dose effect study of oral cs 4 & 6 1200mg, 800mg, 200mg against placebo in the treatment of femorotibial osteoarthritis. Wular Rheumatol Liter 1998;27(suppl 2):63.
  16. Cerda C, Bruguera M, Parés A. Hepatotoxicity associated with glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate in patients with chronic liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2013;19(32):5381-4. PubMed
  17. von Felden J, Montani M, Kessebohm K, Stickel F. Drug-induced acute liver injury mimicking autoimmune hepatitis after intake of dietary supplements containing glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2013;51(3):219-23. PubMed
  18. Provenza JR, Shinjo SK, Silva JM, Peron CR, Rocha FA. Combined glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, once or three times daily, provides clinically relevant analgesia in knee osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2015;34:1455-62. PubMed
  19. Ossendza RA, Grandval P, Chinoune F, Rocher F, Chapel F, Bernardini D. [Acute cholestatic hepatitis due to glucosamine forte]. Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2007 Apr;31(4):449-50.
  20. Greenlee H, Crew KD, Shao T, Kranwinkel G, Kalinsky K, Maurer M, Brafman L, Insel B, Tsai WY, Hershman DL. Phase II study of glucosamine with chondroitin on aromatase inhibitor-associated joint symptoms in women with breast cancer. Support Care Cancer 201 PubMed
  21. Chu EC, Huang KHK, Cheung G, Ng G, Lin A. Delayed Skin Allergy to Glucosamine Chondroitin Supplement. Cureus 2023;15(3):e36310. PubMed
  22. Lila AM, Alekseeva LI, Baranov AA, et al. Chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine combination in patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis: A long-term observational study in Russia. World J Orthop 2023;14(6):443-457. PubMed

See these in context on the Chondroitin Sulfate monograph →

Glucosamine 58 references
  1. Adams ME. Hype about glucosamine. Lancet 1999;354:353-4. PubMed
  2. Balkan B, Dunning BE. Glucosamine inhibits glucokinase in vitro and produces a glucose-specific impairment of in vivo insulin secretion in rats. Diabetes 1994;43:1173-9. PubMed
  3. Giaccari A, Morviducci L, Zorretta D, et al. In vivo effects of glucosamine on insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in the rat: possible relevance to the maladaptive responses to chronic hyperglycaemia. Diabetologia 1995;38:518-24. PubMed
  4. Holmang A, Nilsson C, Niklasson M, et al. Induction of insulin resistance by glucosamine reduces blood flow but not interstitial levels of either glucose or insulin. Diabetes 1999;48:106-11. PubMed
  5. Houpt JB, McMillan R, Wein C, Paget-Dellio SD. Effect of glucosamine hydrochloride in the treatment of pain of osteoarthritis of the knee. J Rheumatol 1999;26:2423-30.
  6. Barclay TS, Tsourounis C, McCart GM. Glucosamine. Ann Pharmacother 1998;32:574-9.
  7. Shankar RR, Zhu JS, Baron AD. Glucosamine infusion in rats mimics the beta-cell dysfunction of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 1998;47:573-7.
  8. Almada A, Harvey P, Platt K. Effects of chronic oral glucosamine sulfate on fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI) in non-diabetic individuals. FASEB J 2000;14:A750.
  9. Reginster JY, Deroisy R, Rovati LC, et al. Long-term effects of glucosamine sulfate on osteoarthritis progression: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2001;357:251-6.
  10. Does glucosamine increase serum lipid levels and blood pressure? Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2001;17(11):171115.
  11. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  12. Monauni T, Zenti MG, Cretti A, et al. Effects of glucosamine infusion on insulin secretion and insulin action in humans. Diabetes 2000;49:926-35. PubMed
  13. Pouwels MJ, Jacobs JR, Span PN, et al. Short-term glucosamine infusion does not affect insulin sensitivity in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:2099-103. DOI
  14. Yun J, Tomida A, Nagata K, Tsuruo T. Glucose-regulated stresses confer resistance to VP-16 in human cancer cells through a decreased expression of DNA topoisomerase II. Oncol Res 1995;7:583-90.
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See these in context on the Glucosamine monograph →

Hyaluronic Acid 4 references
  1. Park Y, Song JS, Choi CY, Yoon KC, Lee HK, Kim HS. A randomized multicenter study comparing 0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.3% sodium hyaluronate with 0.05% cyclosporine in the treatment of dry eye. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2017;33(2):66-72. PubMed
  2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Do Not Use Needle-Free Devices for Injection of Dermal Fillers - FDA Safety Communication. October 8, 2021. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/safety-communications/do-not-use-needle-free-devices-injection
  3. Disphanurat W, Srisantithum B. Efficacy and safety of 0.15% isobutylamido thiazolyl resorcinol combined with hyaluronic acid vs 0.15% isobutylamido thiazolyl resorcinol or hyaluronic acid alone in melasma treatment: A randomized evaluator-blind trial. J C PubMed
  4. Humbert P, Mikosinki J, Benchikhi H, Allaert FA. Efficacy and safety of a gauze pad containing hyaluronic acid in treatment of leg ulcers of venous or mixed origin: a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Int Wound J 2013;10(2):159-66. PubMed

See these in context on the Hyaluronic Acid monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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