Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 4 of 8 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Guang Ci Tang

Tablet Or Pill Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg is a dietary supplement by Guang Ci Tang with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for sexual health and impotence, energy and fatigue, kidney and reproductive support (in traditional medicine).Based on those ingredients, 1,000 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Lycium, Rehmannia, Cured. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg by Guang Ci Tang

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 8 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (1,000 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

This product contains 8 ingredients, most listed as a proprietary blend (meaning the individual amounts are not disclosed). The active ingredients include Chinese Dodder, Rehmannia (cured), Lycium (also called goji), and Deer Antler Gelatin and Tortoise Shell Gelatin, along with Achyranthes, Chinese Yam, and Asiatic Dogwood.

The inactive ingredients are corn starch, dextrin, and magnesium stearate—common tablet binders and flow agents.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) — rated "Possibly Effective" (Rehmannia) (Natural Medicines).

The data we hold shows insufficient reliable evidence to rate most of these ingredients for their intended uses. Rehmannia is listed as possibly effective for chronic kidney disease; the rest lack established effectiveness ratings in our records.

Chinese Dodder and the gelatins show insufficient evidence for depression, skin aging, and other conditions they're traditionally used for. Without stronger clinical trial data, we can't confirm how well this product works.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Dodder Rehmannia Gelatin Goji

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Chinese Dodder is generally well tolerated, though high doses may cause intestinal cramping and diarrhea. Rehmannia is traditionally used but has limited human safety data, and quality varies between products.

The gelatin components (Deer Antler and Tortoise Shell) are generally well tolerated when taken orally; most common side effects are belching, bloating, and stomach upset. Gelatin can rarely trigger allergic reactions, including angioedema, wheezing, and anaphylaxis in sensitive people.

Lycium is generally safe as a food but concentrated supplements have less safety data; rare case reports link it to liver problems and allergic reactions. We hold no safety data on file for Achyranthes, Chinese Yam, or Asiatic Dogwood.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Dodder Rehmannia Gelatin Goji

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Goji, Rehmannia.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 1,001 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check before starting if you take warfarin (a blood thinner)—goji carries a Major risk of increased bleeding. Also double-check if you're on antihypertensive drugs (blood pressure medications), antidiabetes drugs, or any medications processed through liver enzymes CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, or CYP3A4.

If you take flecainide (a heart rhythm drug), mention this product to your pharmacist. These are Moderate-severity interactions, but they can change how your medications work.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product is a traditional Chinese herbal blend; most ingredients lack strong clinical evidence for effectiveness. If you take warfarin, antihypertensive drugs, antidiabetes drugs, or medications processed by liver enzymes, check with your pharmacist before starting—the interactions could be serious.

Anyone with a history of gelatin or goji allergies should avoid it. Talk to your pharmacist or doctor before using this supplement, especially if you're on any prescription medications.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 24, 2024.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg, straight from the product label.

Brand Guang Ci Tang
Barcode (UPC) 817967011372
Net contents 40 Gram(s); 200 Tablet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 24, 2024
DSLD ID 320439
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Tablet Or Pill
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg by Guang Ci Tang, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
5 Tablet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
5 Tablet(s)
Servings per container
40
UPC/BARCODE
817967011372
IngredientAmount% DV
Proprietary Blend1000 mg--
Achyranthes0 NP--
Chinese Yam0 NP--
Chinese Dodder0 NP--
Rehmannia, Cured0 NP--
Asiatic Dogwood0 NP--
Deer Antler Gelatin0 NP--
Tortoise Shell Gelatin0 NP--
Lycium0 NP--

Other ingredients: Corn Starch, Dextrin, Magnesium Stearate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

5x Concentrated

Blend before extraction.

No pharmaceuticals. Heavy metals tested.

Product of China

FDA Statement of Identity

Herbal Dietary Supplement

Formula

Minimal fillers.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested use: 5 tablets each time, 2 to 3 times a day, or consult a health care practitioner.

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children.

Seals/Symbols

GMP Certified

See for yourself

Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg by Guang Ci Tang label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg by Guang Ci Tang

These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size5 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container40 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Blend

1000 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Corn Starch, Dextrin, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg by Guang Ci Tang Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
1,000Drugs
2 Major 998 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Lycium 1,000

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Lycium8 drug types · 1,000 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Goji can increase the effects of warfarin and possibly increase the risk of bleeding.
There are at least 5 case reports of increased international normalized ratio (INR) in patients stabilized on warfarin who began drinking goji juice, concentrated goji tea, or goji wine. Goji may inhibit the metabolism of warfarin by cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9).

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of goji root bark, but not goji fruit, with antihypertensive drugs might have additive effects.
Animal and in vitro research suggest that goji root bark has hypotensive effects. However, goji fruit juice does not appear to reduce systolic or diastolic blood pressure in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates

Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP2C19 and reduce metabolism of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro research shows that goji berry tincture and juice inhibit CYP2C19 enzymes. Concomitant use with goji may decrease metabolism and increase levels of CYP2C19 substrates. However, this has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP2C9 and reduce metabolism of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that goji berry tincture and juice inhibit CYP2C9 enzymes. Additionally, multiple case reports suggest that goji berry concentrated tea and juice inhibit the metabolism of warfarin, a CYP2C9 substrate. Concomitant use with goji may decrease metabolism and increase levels of CYP2C9 substrates.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP2D6 and reduce metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates.
In vitro research shows that goji berry juice inhibits CYP2D6 enzymes. Concomitant use with goji may decrease metabolism and increase levels of CYP2D6 substrates. However, this has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP3A4 and reduce metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research shows that goji berry juice inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes. Concomitant use with goji may decrease metabolism and increase levels of CYP3A4 substrates. However, this has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Flecainide (Tambocor)

Theoretically, goji berry might increase the levels and clinical effects of flecainide.
In one case report, a 75-year-old patient stable on flecainide and warfarin presented to the emergency room with fainting and pleomorphic arrhythmia caused by flecainide toxicity. Flecainide toxicity was attributed to drinking 1-2 glasses of concentrated goji tea daily for 2 weeks. Theoretically, goji may have inhibited the cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) metabolism of flecainide.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of goji fruit polysaccharides or goji root bark with antidiabetes drugs might have additive effects.
Animal and in vitro research show that goji root bark and fruit polysaccharides might have hypoglycemic effects. However, clinical research has only shown that taking goji fruit polysaccharides with or without antidiabetes drugs modestly reduces postprandial glucose when compared with control, with no reports of hypoglycemia.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B

Rehmannia, Cured2 drug types · 258 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, rehmannia might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research shows that rehmannia may have hypoglycemic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, rehmannia might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research shows that rehmannia may have hypotensive effects. Laboratory research shows that formulations of dried and processed rehmannia root inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg, from the product label.

Guang Ci Tang

See all Guang Ci Tang products
Name
ActiveHerb Technology, Inc.
City
San Diego
State
CA
ZipCode
92121
Phone Number
(888) 805-4372
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg by Guang Ci Tang: Common Questions

Does Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg by Guang Ci Tang interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg has a known interaction with 1,000 medications, including 2 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg contains 8 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
The safety data advises against it. Chinese Dodder and Rehmannia are best avoided during pregnancy because there isn't enough information to know they're safe, and Lycium (goji) is traditionally reported to have uterine effects with limited safety data. For breastfeeding, Dodder and Rehmannia are best avoided, and Lycium data is too sparse to be sure. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized guidance.
Is there gelatin in this product, and could I have an allergic reaction?
Yes—two ingredients are gelatin products: Deer Antler Gelatin and Tortoise Shell Gelatin. Gelatin is generally well tolerated, but rare allergic reactions have been reported, including angioedema, wheezing, and even anaphylaxis. If you've had reactions to gelatin-containing products or vaccines, tell your pharmacist before taking this.
What are the most common side effects?
Gelatin may cause belching, bloating, stomach upset, or an unpleasant taste. Chinese Dodder at high doses may cause intestinal cramping and diarrhea. Most people tolerate the product without problems, but if you experience stomach discomfort, start with a smaller dose or talk to your pharmacist.
Does this product actually work?
The evidence we hold is limited. Rehmannia is possibly effective for chronic kidney disease, but the other ingredients don't have strong clinical trial evidence backing their use. Most are based on traditional Chinese medicine rather than modern research, so we can't say how well this blend works.
Why do I need to check my blood pressure or diabetes medications?
Rehmannia may lower blood pressure and blood sugar based on animal research, so combining it with your medications might push those numbers too low. That's why your pharmacist needs to review your exact drugs and doses—we want to make sure this product doesn't cause a dangerous interaction.
Why is warfarin such a big deal with this product?
Lycium (goji) in this product can slow down how your body clears warfarin, letting it build up. Multiple real patient cases show this raised bleeding risk. If you're on warfarin, you must talk to your pharmacist or doctor before starting.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg label
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Zuo Gui Pian YinVive Plus 200 mg's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 31 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Dodder 3 references
  1. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  2. Mehrbani M, Choopani R, Fekri A, Mehrabani M, Mosaddegh M, Mehrabani M. The efficacy of whey associated with dodder seed extract on moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Ethnopharm PubMed
  3. Firoozabadi A, Zarshenas MM, Salehi A, Jahanbin S, Mohagheghzadeh A. Effectiveness of Cuscuta planiflora Ten. and Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse in major depression: a triple-blind randomized controlled trial study. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med

See these in context on the Dodder monograph →

Rehmannia 3 references
  1. Zhang R, Zhou J, Jia Z, et al. Hypoglycemic effect of Rehmannia glutinosa oligosaccharide in hyperglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats and its mechanism. J Ethnopharmacol 2004;90:39-43. PubMed
  2. Zhang RX, Li MX, Jia ZP. Rehmannia glutinosa: review of botany, chemistry and pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 2008;117(2):199-214. PubMed
  3. Chao CH, Hsu JL, Chen MF, et al. Anti-hypertensive effects of Radix Rehmanniae and its active ingredients. Nat Prod Res. 2020;34(11):1547-1552.

See these in context on the Rehmannia monograph →

Gelatin 11 references
  1. Lewis CJ. Letter to reiterate certain public health and safety concerns to firms manufacturing or importing dietary supplements that contain specific bovine tissues. FDA. Available at: www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/dspltr05.html.
  2. Schwick HG, Heide K. Immunochemistry and immunology of collagen and gelatin. Bibl Haematol 1969;33:111-25. PubMed
  3. Moskowitz RW. Role of collagen hydrolysate in bone and joint disease.Semin Arthritis Rheum 2000;30:87-99. PubMed
  4. Kelso JM. The gelatin story. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999;103:200-2.
  5. Nakayama T, Aizawa C, Kuno-Sakai H. A clinical analysis of gelatin allergy and determination of its causal relationship to the previous administration of gelatin-containing acellular pertussis vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. J Allerg PubMed
  6. Sakaguchi M, Inouye S. Anaphylaxis to gelatin-containing rectal suppositories. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001;108:1033-4. PubMed
  7. PDR Electronic Library. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 2001.
  8. de la Fuente Tornero E, Vega Castro A, de Sierra Hernández PÁ, et al. Kounis syndrome during anesthesia: Presentation of indolent systemic mastocytosis: A case report. A Case Rep. 2017;8(9):226-228. PubMed
  9. Ventura Spagnolo E, Calapai G, Minciullo PL, Mannucci C, Asmundo A, Gangemi S. Lethal anaphylactic reaction to intravenous gelatin in the course of surgery. Am J Ther. 2016;23(6):e1344-e1346. PubMed
  10. Li Y, He H, Yang L, Li X, Li D, Luo S. Therapeutic effect of Colla corii asini on improving anemia and hemoglobin compositions in pregnant women with thalassemia. Int J Hematol. 2016;104(5):559-565. PubMed
  11. Coury JR, Skaggs KF, Marciano GF, et al. Intraoperative Anaphylaxis to the Bovine Flowable Gelatin Matrix: A Report of 2 Cases. JBJS Case Connect 2022;12(1). PubMed

See these in context on the Gelatin monograph →

Goji 14 references
  1. Huang KC. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1999.
  2. Lam AY, Elmer GW, Mohutsky MA. Possible interaction between warfarin and Lycium Barbarum. Ann Pharmacother 2001;35:1199-201.
  3. Leung H, Hung A, Hui AC, Chan TY. Warfarin overdose due to the possible effects of Lycium barbarum L. Food Chem Toxicol 2008;46:1860-2. PubMed
  4. Amagase H, Nance DM. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical study of the general effects of a standardized Lycium barbarum (goji) juice, GoChi. J Altern Complement Med 2008;14:403-12.
  5. Rivera, C. A., Ferro, C. L., Bursua, A. J., and Gerber, B. S. Probable interaction between Lycium barbarum (goji) and warfarin. Pharmacotherapy 2012;32(3):e50-e53.
  6. Monzon, Ballarin S., Lopez-Matas, M. A., Saenz, Abad D., Perez-Cinto, N., and Carnes, J. Anaphylaxis associated with the ingestion of Goji berries (Lycium barbarum). J.Investig.Allergol.Clin.Immunol. 2011;21(7):567-570.
  7. Franco, M., Monmany, J., Domingo, P., and Turbau, M. [Autoimmune hepatitis triggered by consumption of Goji berries]. Med.Clin.(Barc.) 9-22-2012;139(7):320-321.
  8. Jiménez-Encarnación E, Ríos G, Muñoz-Mirabal A, Vilá LM. Euforia-induced acute hepatitis in a patient with scleroderma. BMJ Case Rep 2012;2012. PubMed
  9. Larramendi CH, García-Abujeta JL, Vicario S, García-Endrino A, López-Matas MA, García-Sedeño MD, et al. Goji berries (Lycium barbarum): Risk of allergic reactions in individuals with food allergy. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2012;22(5):345-50.
  10. Cai H, Liu F, Zuo P, Huang G, Song Z, Wang T, et al. Practical application of antidiabetic efficacy of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide in patients with type 2 diabetes. Med Chem. 2015;11(4):383-90.
  11. Potterat O. Goji (Lycium barbarum and L. chinense): Phytochemistry, pharmacology and safety in the perspective of traditional uses and recent popularity. Planta Med 2010;76(1):7-19.
  12. Guzmán CE, Guzmán-Moreno CG, Assad-Morell JL, Edgar Francisco Carrizales-Sepúlveda EF. Flecainide toxicity associated with the use of goji berries: a case report. Eur Heart J Case Rep. 2021;5(6):ytab204. PubMed
  13. Liu R, Tam TW, Mao J, et al. In vitro activity of Lycium barbarum (Goji) against major human phase I metabolism enzymes. Complement Integr Med. 2016;13(3):257-265.
  14. Zhang J, Tian L, Xie B. Bleeding due to a probable interaction between warfarin and Gouqizi (Lycium Barbarum L.). Toxicol Rep. 2015;2:1209-1212. PubMed

See these in context on the Goji monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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