Drug & supplement interaction

Sage + Fosphenytoin Sodium

Fosphenytoin Sodium brand name: Sesquient.

Moderate Interaction
The bottom line Moderate

Fosphenytoin Sodium falls into 4 drug categories that Sage can interact with; the most serious is rated moderate. Theoretically, taking sage might increase the sedative and adverse effects of CNS depressants.

Read the full interaction report
SeverityModerate
LikelihoodPossible
Interactions4
EvidenceD
What do Severity, Likelihood & Evidence mean?
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Interaction report

Sage and Fosphenytoin Sodium

These two interact in 4 distinct ways. Each one is explained separately below.

Why Are There 4 Interactions?

Sage interacts with whole categories of medication. Fosphenytoin Sodium falls into 4 of those categories, so it can interact with Sage in 4 different ways. We’ve listed each one below — your overall risk is driven by the most serious of them (Moderate).

Moderate

CNS DEPRESSANTS

1 of 4

Why this applies to Fosphenytoin Sodium

Fosphenytoin Sodium falls under CNS DEPRESSANTS — the group Sage interacts with.

Theoretically, taking sage might increase the sedative and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Some constituents of sage have CNS depressant activity.
Severity Moderate Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

Fosphenytoin (Sesquient) is a hospital medicine that your body quickly turns into phenytoin, a seizure medication. It can already make people feel drowsy, dizzy, or unsteady on their feet. The concern here is simple: some natural compounds in sage may have a mild calming, sedating effect of their own. If they stack on top of fosphenytoin, you could in theory feel more sleepy or off-balance than usual.

I'll be honest, this warning is mostly theoretical and comes from lab studies, not real patient reports. Sprinkling sage on your dinner is very unlikely to matter. Concentrated sage extracts or sage essential oil are where I'd be more cautious. Since fosphenytoin is given in a controlled setting, just mention any sage supplements to your care team or pharmacist before adding them.

References
  1. Perry NS, Bollen C, Perry EK, Ballard C. Salvia for dementia therapy: review of pharmacological activity and pilot tolerability clinical trial. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2003;75:651-9.. PubMed
Moderate

CYTOCHROME P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) SUBSTRATES

2 of 4

Fosphenytoin Sodium also falls under CYTOCHROME P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) SUBSTRATES.

Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
In vitro evidence suggests that aqueous extracts of sage can inhibit CYP2C19. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Severity Moderate Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

Fosphenytoin is a seizure medicine that your body quickly turns into phenytoin. Phenytoin is partly cleared by a liver enzyme called CYP2C19. In test-tube studies, water-based sage extracts seemed to slow that enzyme down. If that happened in a person, phenytoin could build up a bit higher than expected.

That matters because phenytoin has a narrow safe range, so even small shifts can tip you into side effects like dizziness, drowsiness, slurred speech, unsteady walking, or jerky eye movements. Here is the reassuring part: this is only lab evidence and has never actually been reported in people, and normal cooking amounts of sage are very unlikely to cause trouble. Still, before using concentrated sage supplements, check with your pharmacist or doctor.

References
  1. Foster BC, Vandenhoek S, Hana J, et al. In vitro inhibition of human cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of marker substrates by natural products. Phytomedicine 2003;10:334-42.. PubMed
Moderate

CYTOCHROME P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) SUBSTRATES

3 of 4

Fosphenytoin Sodium also falls under CYTOCHROME P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) SUBSTRATES.

Theoretically, sage might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro evidence suggests that aqueous extracts of sage can inhibit CYP2C9. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Severity Moderate Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

Here's the quick picture with sage and fosphenytoin (Sesquient). Once it's in your body, fosphenytoin converts to phenytoin, which is cleared largely by a liver enzyme called CYP2C9. Lab studies suggest sage may slow that enzyme down. In theory, that could let phenytoin levels creep up, and since this is a narrow therapeutic index medicine, even a small bump can tip you into side effects like dizziness, unsteady walking, slurred speech, double vision, or drowsiness.

The honest part: this is only seen in test-tube studies, never reported in real patients, so it's far from certain. Cooking with sage is no concern. Concentrated sage extracts or oils are where caution makes sense. Before adding any sage supplement, please check with your pharmacist or doctor.

References
  1. Foster BC, Vandenhoek S, Hana J, et al. In vitro inhibition of human cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of marker substrates by natural products. Phytomedicine 2003;10:334-42.. PubMed
Moderate

ANTICONVULSANTS

4 of 4

Fosphenytoin Sodium also falls under ANTICONVULSANTS.

Theoretically, sage might interfere with the clinical effects of anticonvulsant drugs.
Some species of sage can cause convulsions when consumed in large quantities.
Severity Moderate Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

Fosphenytoin (Sesquient) is a hospital-given form of phenytoin, a seizure medicine where the dose has to stay in a fairly tight window. The concern here is mostly theoretical. Certain sage species contain thujone, a compound that in large or concentrated amounts may lower the seizure threshold and could work against what your anticonvulsant is trying to do. In plain terms, heavy use of sage extracts or sage essential oil might make seizures a little easier to trigger.

Keep in mind this comes from lab and animal data only, not strong human studies, and sage used as a normal cooking herb is very unlikely to cause a problem. It is the concentrated supplements and essential oil that deserve caution. Since seizure control is too important to gamble with, check with your doctor or pharmacist before using any sage product.

References
  1. Perry NB, Anderson RE, Brennan NJ, et al. Essential oils from dalmatian sage (Salvia officinalis l.): variations among individuals, plant parts, seasons, and sites. J Agric Food Chem 1999;47:2048-54..

What These Ratings Mean

Every interaction above is graded three ways — here’s the key to each label.

Severity how clinically significant the interaction is
Major

Clinically significant. Avoid the combination, or use only under close professional supervision.

Moderate

Usually worth avoiding or managing — may need monitoring, a dose change, or timing apart.

Minor

Generally not serious. Be aware of it and mention it to your pharmacist.

Likelihood how strong the evidence is that the interaction actually happens in people
  • LikelyWell-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction.
  • ProbableInteraction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
  • PossibleInteraction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.
  • UnlikelyInteraction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.
Evidence the quality of the studies behind the rating (graded A–D)
  • AHigh-quality meta-analysis (quantitative systematic review).
  • BCase-control study.
  • CConsensus.
  • DAnecdotal evidence.

These ratings are for information only. Never start, stop, or otherwise change your therapy before speaking with your provider.

Keep it in perspective

Sage Also Interacts With Other Medications

Sage has 1,295 moderate known drug interactions in our database — the Fosphenytoin Sodium one above is among them. If you take anything else, check it against the full list below.

Taking anything else?

Check Another of Your Medications Against Sage

Covers the 2,830 medications we’ve checked against Sage. Pick one to open its full report.

Everything else you take

See Every Supplement That Interacts With Fosphenytoin Sodium

This page covers Sage only. If you take other supplements — a multivitamin, a sleep aid, something for joints — the Fosphenytoin Sodium page lists 212 supplements it has a documented interaction with, worst first, each one explained.

The most serious there right now: 1,4-butanediol (major), American Hellebore (major), Arsenic (major), Beer (major) and Cesium (major).

By severity: 14 major · 179 moderate · 19 minor.

From our pharmacist’s overview on the Fosphenytoin Sodium page

“Fosphenytoin sodium (Sesquient) converts to phenytoin in the body, and phenytoin is unforgiving about blood levels. A little too low invites seizures, a little too high brings toxicity.”

Reviewed by 2 · Jul 18, 2026

Open the Fosphenytoin Sodium interaction page

One more smart check

Taking Sage as Part of a Dietary Supplement Product? Check It for Interactions

We hold 718 real supplement products containing Sage, each one broken down to its full ingredient list — and combination products often carry several ingredients besides Sage. Your product may carry other ingredients that interact with Fosphenytoin Sodium too, on top of Sage — and those would not show on this page. Find your product and we’ll check every ingredient on its label:

How much people look this up

Where Sage and Fosphenytoin Sodium Sit Against Everything Else

Out of every supplement and medication people look up on HelloPharmacist, here is where these two land this week — and which way each has been moving.

Supplement Sage
Top 25%

#246 of 1,452 supplements looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today
Medication Fosphenytoin Sodium
Top half

#741 of 2,830 medications looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today

Position among everything looked up on this site, not a measure of how commonly either one is used or how important it is. A supplement can climb this list because of a news story. It counts every request to the page, automated ones included, and nothing here identifies anyone.

Supplement

About Sage

What is Sage?

Sage
  • Sore throat and mouth irritation
  • Digestive upset
  • Excessive sweating
  • Memory and thinking
  • Menopause symptoms (hot flashes)
  • General antioxidant support

Sage is a common kitchen herb that is generally safe in food amounts and is traditionally used for sore throats, digestion, sweating, and memory. Some early research is encouraging for sore throat and menopausal hot flashes, but most uses are not well proven. Concentrated extracts and the essential oil should be used carefully because high doses contain a compound called thujone, which can be harmful.

Read the full Sage monograph & all interactions
Keep checking

Other Drugs & Sage

Browse every other medication we’ve checked against Sage — both the ones with a known interaction and the ones without. Select any drug for the full detail.

0Major
1,295Moderate
0Minor
1,534No known interaction
Moderate

1,295 interactions

Showing 60 of 1,295 moderate interactions — see all 1,295 on the Sage page.

No interaction 1,534 drugs checked — show the list
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Interaction details are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database. The medication overview comes from MedlinePlus.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Taking Sage and Fosphenytoin Sodium Together: Common Questions

Can you take Sage with Fosphenytoin Sodium?
There is a moderate interaction, so it may be acceptable with monitoring or timing changes — but check with your pharmacist first. Read the full details on this page and confirm with your pharmacist before combining them.
Why are there 4 interactions listed for Sage and Fosphenytoin Sodium?
Fosphenytoin Sodium belongs to more than one drug category, and Sage interacts with each of those categories a little differently. We list every one so nothing is missed — your overall risk is driven by the most serious of them.
How serious is the Sage and Fosphenytoin Sodium interaction?
We rate it Moderate. This combination may require monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one. Consult your pharmacist before using them together.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.