Drug & supplement interaction

Syrian Rue + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine

Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine brand name: Conar-A.

Moderate Interaction
The bottom line Moderate

Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine falls into 4 drug categories that Syrian Rue can interact with; the most serious is rated moderate. Theoretically, Syrian rue might increase the risk of serotonergic adverse effects, including serotonin syndrome, when taken with serotonergic drugs.

Read the full interaction report
SeverityModerate
LikelihoodPossible
Interactions4
EvidenceD
What do Severity, Likelihood & Evidence mean?
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Interaction report

Syrian Rue and Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine

These two interact in 4 distinct ways. Each one is explained separately below.

Why Are There 4 Interactions?

Syrian Rue interacts with whole categories of medication. Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine falls into 4 of those categories, so it can interact with Syrian Rue in 4 different ways. We’ve listed each one below — your overall risk is driven by the most serious of them (Moderate).

Moderate

SEROTONERGIC DRUGS

1 of 4

Why this applies to Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine

Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine falls under SEROTONERGIC DRUGS — the group Syrian Rue interacts with.

Theoretically, Syrian rue might increase the risk of serotonergic adverse effects, including serotonin syndrome, when taken with serotonergic drugs.
Syrian rue contains harmaline and harmine, which have demonstrated strong, reversible inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and weak inhibition of MAO B in animal and in vitro research. This may increase the risk for adverse effects with serotonergic drugs.
Severity Moderate Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

This combination cold-and-cough product, Conar-A, has two pieces worth flagging here: the dextromethorphan (the cough suppressant) and the phenylephrine (the decongestant). Both touch serotonin and other brain chemicals. Syrian Rue acts as an MAO inhibitor, meaning it slows the enzyme that normally clears those chemicals away. Stack them together and levels can climb higher than intended.

In theory, that raises the risk of serotonin syndrome, things like agitation, a racing heart, sweating, shivering, muscle twitching, or a spike in blood pressure. I'll be honest: this concern comes from lab and animal studies, not solid human data, so it stays theoretical. Still, MAOIs and these ingredients are a classic caution. The acetaminophen and guaifenesin parts aren't the worry. Please check with your pharmacist before pairing these.

References
  1. Kawanishi, K., Hashimoto, Y., Fujiwara, M., Kataoka, Y., and Ueki, S. Pharmacological characteristics of abnormal behavior induced by harmine with special reference to tremor in mice. J Pharmacobiodyn 1981;4(7):520-527. PubMed
  2. Herraiz, T., Gonzalez, D., Ancin-Azpilicueta, C., Aran, V. J., and Guillen, H. beta-Carboline alkaloids in Peganum harmala and inhibition of human monoamine oxidase (MAO). Food Chem Toxicol 2010;48(3):839-845. PubMed
  3. Fuller, R. W., Wong, C. J., and Hemrick-Luecke, S. K. MD 240928 and harmaline: opposite selectivity in antagonism of the inactivation of types A and B monoamine oxidase by pargyline in mice. Life Sci 1986;38(5):409-412. PubMed
  4. Abdel-Fattah, A. F., Matsumoto, K., Murakami, Y., Adel-Khalek, Gammaz H., Mohamed, M. F., and Watanabe, H. Central serotonin level-dependent changes in body temperature following administration of tryptophan to pargyline- and harmaline-pretreated rats. Ge PubMed
  5. Bergstrom, M., Westerberg, G., and Langstrom, B. 11C-harmine as a tracer for monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A): in vitro and in vivo studies. Nucl Med Biol 1997;24(4):287-293. PubMed
  6. Gerardy, J. Effect of moclobemide on rat brain monoamine oxidase A and B: comparison with harmaline and clorgyline. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 1994;18(4):793-802.
  7. Sacher, J., Houle, S., Parkes, J., Rusjan, P., Sagrati, S., Wilson, A. A., and Meyer, J. H. Monoamine oxidase A inhibitor occupancy during treatment of major depressive episodes with moclobemide or St. John's wort: an [11C]-harmine PET study. J Psychiatry
Moderate

CYTOCHROME P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) SUBSTRATES

2 of 4

Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine also falls under CYTOCHROME P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) SUBSTRATES.

Theoretically, Syrian rue might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Syrian rue contains beta-carboline alkaloids, including harmine, harmaline, harmalol, harmol, and harmane. In vitro research suggests that these beta-carboline alkaloids can inhibit CYP2D6 enzymes.
Severity Moderate Likelihood Probable Evidence D

Interaction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports..

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

This combination cold-and-cough product has one ingredient that matters most here: dextromethorphan, the cough suppressant. Your body relies on an enzyme called CYP2D6 to clear it. Syrian Rue's harmala alkaloids can block that enzyme, so dextromethorphan may build up and hit harder than expected. That can mean drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, or in stronger cases jittery, agitated feelings.

There's a bigger concern too. Syrian Rue acts like an MAO inhibitor, and pairing MAOIs with dextromethorphan can rarely trigger serotonin syndrome (high fever, fast heartbeat, muscle stiffness, confusion). This is based on theory and lab data, not solid human studies, but I'd play it safe. The acetaminophen, guaifenesin, and phenylephrine aren't the main issue. Please check with your pharmacist before combining these.

References
  1. Zhao, T., He, Y. Q., Wang, J., Ding, K. M., Wang, C. H., and Wang, Z. T. Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 enzymes 3A4 and 2D6 by β-carboline alkaloids, harmine derivatives. Phytother Res 2011;25(11):1671-1677.
Moderate

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS

3 of 4

Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine also falls under HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS.

Theoretically, high doses of Syrian rue might increase the risk of liver damage when taken with hepatotoxic drugs.
Cases of hepatotoxicity and hepatic failure have been reported in patients who ingested a large quantity (up to 100 grams) of Syrian rue seeds.
Severity Moderate Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

This combo cold and flu product (Conar-A) contains acetaminophen, which is the piece I want to flag here. Acetaminophen is processed by your liver, and in high doses or with heavy alcohol use it can stress that organ. Syrian Rue carries its own liver risk, especially if someone swallows large amounts of the seeds. The concern is simple: stacking two things that can be hard on the liver may add up and raise the chance of liver irritation or, in rare cases, real liver injury.

To be fair, this is a theoretical worry based on how these substances behave, not proven cases from taking them together. Reported liver harm came from eating large quantities of Syrian Rue seeds. Still, since Syrian Rue isn't recommended for self-treatment anyway, please check with your pharmacist or doctor before combining them.

References
  1. Yuruktumen, A., Karaduman, S., Bengi, F., and Fowler, J. Syrian rue tea: a recipe for disaster. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2008;46(8):749-752. PubMed
  2. Berdai MA, Labib S, Harandou M. Peganum harmala L. Intoxication in a Pregnant Woman. Case Rep Emerg Med 2014;2014:783236.
  3. Ghizlane EA, Manal M, Ines HA, et al. Fatal poisoning of pregnant women by peganum harmala L.: a case reports. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021;68:102649. PubMed
  4. Durmaz Çelik N, Ger Akarsu F, Ozkan S, Özdemir AÖ, Aykac Ö, Memmedova F. Herbal teas can be harmful: a case of Peganum harmala induced coma in a patient with Parkinson's disease. Neurocase 2021;27(2):117-119.
Moderate

CYTOCHROME P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) SUBSTRATES

4 of 4

Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine also falls under CYTOCHROME P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) SUBSTRATES.

Theoretically, Syrian rue might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Syrian rue contains beta-carboline alkaloids, including harmine, harmol, and harmane. In vitro research suggests that these beta-carboline alkaloids competitively inhibit CYP3A4 enzymes.
Severity Moderate Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

Here's the thing with this combo cold medicine and Syrian Rue. Lab studies suggest the harmala alkaloids in Syrian Rue can block an enzyme called CYP3A4. Since the dextromethorphan piece of this product is partly cleared by that pathway, slowing it down could let levels creep up, which may mean more drowsiness, dizziness, or feeling foggy. The acetaminophen, guaifenesin, and phenylephrine parts aren't heavily affected here.

There's a bigger concern worth mentioning: Syrian Rue also acts like an MAO inhibitor, and mixing that with dextromethorphan can raise the risk of serotonin-related reactions. This is mostly theoretical, but I'd play it safe. Please check with your pharmacist or doctor before pairing these.

References
  1. Zhao, T., He, Y. Q., Wang, J., Ding, K. M., Wang, C. H., and Wang, Z. T. Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 enzymes 3A4 and 2D6 by β-carboline alkaloids, harmine derivatives. Phytother Res 2011;25(11):1671-1677.

What These Ratings Mean

Every interaction above is graded three ways — here’s the key to each label.

Severity how clinically significant the interaction is
Major

Clinically significant. Avoid the combination, or use only under close professional supervision.

Moderate

Usually worth avoiding or managing — may need monitoring, a dose change, or timing apart.

Minor

Generally not serious. Be aware of it and mention it to your pharmacist.

Likelihood how strong the evidence is that the interaction actually happens in people
  • LikelyWell-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction.
  • ProbableInteraction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
  • PossibleInteraction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.
  • UnlikelyInteraction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.
Evidence the quality of the studies behind the rating (graded A–D)
  • AHigh-quality meta-analysis (quantitative systematic review).
  • BCase-control study.
  • CConsensus.
  • DAnecdotal evidence.

These ratings are for information only. Never start, stop, or otherwise change your therapy before speaking with your provider.

Keep it in perspective

Syrian Rue Also Interacts With Other Medications

Syrian Rue has 1,121 moderate known drug interactions in our database — the Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine one above is among them. If you take anything else, check it against the full list below.

Taking anything else?

Check Another of Your Medications Against Syrian Rue

Covers the 2,830 medications we’ve checked against Syrian Rue. Pick one to open its full report.

Everything else you take

See Every Supplement That Interacts With Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine

This page covers Syrian Rue only. If you take other supplements — a multivitamin, a sleep aid, something for joints — the Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine page lists 261 supplements it has a documented interaction with, worst first, each one explained.

The most serious there right now: Activated Charcoal (major), Asarabacca (major), Beer (major), Ephedra (major) and Grapefruit (major).

By severity: 12 major · 206 moderate · 43 minor.

From our pharmacist’s overview on the Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine page

“Picture the week someone takes Conar-A (acetaminophen, dextromethorphan, guaifenesin, phenylephrine): a miserable cold, coffee to push through, maybe wine at night or an herbal remedy on top. Those habits are exactly where this list turns serious.”

Reviewed by 2 · Jul 18, 2026

Open the Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine interaction page

How much people look this up

Where Syrian Rue and Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine Sit Against Everything Else

Out of every supplement and medication people look up on HelloPharmacist, here is where these two land this week — and which way each has been moving.

Supplement Syrian Rue
Steady interest

#1,017 of 1,452 supplements looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today
Medication Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine
Top 25%

#494 of 2,830 medications looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today

Position among everything looked up on this site, not a measure of how commonly either one is used or how important it is. A supplement can climb this list because of a news story. It counts every request to the page, automated ones included, and nothing here identifies anyone.

Supplement

About Syrian Rue

What is Syrian Rue?

  • Traditional remedy for digestive complaints
  • Used as a sedative or for mood
  • Antimicrobial and antiparasitic folk use
  • Used as a dye and incense
  • Recreational psychoactive use

Syrian Rue (Peganum harmala) is a traditional plant whose seeds contain potent compounds called harmala alkaloids, including MAO-inhibiting harmine and harmaline. There is little reliable human evidence that it safely treats any condition, and it carries real risks of toxicity, so it is not recommended for self-treatment. Talk to a pharmacist or doctor before considering it.

Read the full Syrian Rue monograph & all interactions
Keep checking

Other Drugs & Syrian Rue

Browse every other medication we’ve checked against Syrian Rue — both the ones with a known interaction and the ones without. Select any drug for the full detail.

0Major
1,121Moderate
0Minor
1,708No known interaction
Moderate

1,121 interactions

Showing 60 of 1,121 moderate interactions — see all 1,121 on the Syrian Rue page.

No interaction 1,708 drugs checked — show the list
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Interaction details are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database. The medication overview comes from MedlinePlus.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Taking Syrian Rue and Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine Together: Common Questions

Can you take Syrian Rue with Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine?
There is a moderate interaction, so it may be acceptable with monitoring or timing changes — but check with your pharmacist first. Read the full details on this page and confirm with your pharmacist before combining them.
Why are there 4 interactions listed for Syrian Rue and Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine?
Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine belongs to more than one drug category, and Syrian Rue interacts with each of those categories a little differently. We list every one so nothing is missed — your overall risk is driven by the most serious of them.
How serious is the Syrian Rue and Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine interaction?
We rate it Moderate. This combination may require monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one. Consult your pharmacist before using them together.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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