Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by BioSchwartz
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg is a dietary supplement by BioSchwartz with 2 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for stress and anxiety, sleep problems, fatigue and low energy.Based on those ingredients, 1,480 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are organic Ashwagandha extract, organic Black Pepper fruit extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg by BioSchwartz
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg by BioSchwartz — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg by BioSchwartz
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This product contains 2 active ingredients: organic ashwagandha root extract and organic black pepper fruit extract. Ashwagandha is an herb traditionally used to support relaxation and stress response, while black pepper is included as a bioenhancer — its piperine content may help your body absorb the ashwagandha more efficiently.
The capsule itself is a veggie capsule, which is an inactive ingredient that holds the actives.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
Ashwagandha is rated possibly effective for insomnia, anxiety, stress, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) based on available evidence. For bipolar disorder, the evidence isn't strong enough to rate it one way or the other.
Black pepper extract's effectiveness for conditions like hay fever, asthma, athletic performance, headache, depression, and diarrhea has not been established in the data we hold — those lack sufficient reliable evidence.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Ashwagandha is generally well tolerated in the short term for healthy adults, though long-term and quality safety data are limited. The most common side effects are mild gastrointestinal ones — diarrhea, upset stomach, nausea, and vomiting — which don't typically happen at standard doses.
Rare serious side effects include liver damage, drowsiness, and in very rare case reports, intracranial bleeding and stroke-like changes. The product is not recommended in pregnancy due to a traditional concern about miscarriage risk, and there isn't enough safety information to recommend it while breastfeeding.
Black pepper is generally safe at food-spice amounts, though concentrated supplements warrant caution; burning aftertaste and taste changes can occur.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking this product, double-check any blood pressure medications, sedatives and benzodiazepines, thyroid hormone, diabetes medications, immunosuppressants, and drugs processed by your liver — ashwagandha can potentiate or interfere with all of these. If you take propranolol, nevirapine, rifampin, phenytoin, cyclosporine, pentobarbital, atorvastatin, or theophylline, the black pepper in this product may raise your blood levels of those drugs.
Also check whether your medications are processed by the liver enzyme CYP1A2, since ashwagandha may lower their effectiveness.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This product may help if you're looking for a herbal approach to insomnia, anxiety, or stress — but because it interacts with numerous medications, prescription use is a must conversation before you start. If you take anything for blood pressure, diabetes, thyroid function, seizures, immunosuppression, or sedation, or if you have liver disease, talk with your pharmacist first.
Pregnant or breastfeeding? Skip this one and check with your doctor.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 2 of 2 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Aug 23, 2021.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg, straight from the product label.
| Brand | BioSchwartz |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 120 Veggie Cap(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Aug 23, 2021 |
| DSLD ID | 249860 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg by BioSchwartz, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| organic Ashwagandha extract | 1950 mg | -- |
| organic Black Pepper fruit extract | 10 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Veggie Capsules
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested Use: As a dietary supplement, take three (3) capsules once daily, preferably with a meal and water, or as recommended by a healthcare professional.
Precautions
Caution: Do not exceed recommended dose.
Pregnant or nursing mothers, children under the age of 18, and individuals with a known medical condition should consult a physician before using this or any dietary supplement.
Pregnant or nursing mothers, children under the age of 18, and individuals with a known medical condition should consult a physician before using this or any dietary supplement.
Keep out of reach of children.
Do not use if safety seal is damaged or missing.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place.
Seals/Symbols
Made in USA Gluten free ingredients GMP Good Manufacturing Practice 3rd Party Certified 100% Natural Highest Quality Professional Grade
General Statements
Best selling brand
40 Day supply Superior quality guarantee
Formula
Made with organic ashwagandha root extract with black pepper
Formulation
Supports a healthy stress response Supports balanced mood Helps manage stress Third party tested Made in the USA
No fillers or GMO's
Free of soy, gluten, milk, egg, wheat, GMO's, peanuts, sweeteners, shellfish and sugar. No artificial ingredients, fillers, chemicals, color additives, binders or preservatives.
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg by BioSchwartz label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg by BioSchwartz
These are the 2 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size3 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container40 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Organic Ashwagandha extract
Interacts with1,372 drugs
Ashwagandha is an Ayurvedic herb most often taken to help with stress, anxiety, and sleep, and some small studies suggest it may help, though the evid...
Organic Ashwagandha extract monograph & interactionsOrganic Black Pepper fruit extract
Interacts with1,019 drugs
Black pepper is a common kitchen spice that is generally safe in the amounts used in food. Its extract, piperine, is mostly added to supplements to he...
Organic Black Pepper fruit extract monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Veggie Capsules. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg by BioSchwartz Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
BioSchwartz Ashwagandha Root Extract has documented interactions with multiple medication types.
The most serious concern is ashwagandha's theoretical risk of increasing liver damage when combined with hepatotoxic drugs — drugs that can harm your liver. This is a Moderate-severity interaction supported by case reports of acute hepatitis and liver failure linked to ashwagandha use.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Ashwagandha also carries Moderate interactions with CNS depressants (sedatives, barbiturates, and anxiolytics), benzodiazepines, antihypertensive drugs (blood pressure medications), antidiabetes drugs, thyroid hormone, and immunosuppressants. Each of these can have its effects amplified or altered when combined with ashwagandha.
The black pepper extract in this product adds Moderate interactions with propranolol, nevirapine, rifampin, phenytoin, cyclosporine, pentobarbital, atorvastatin, and theophylline — drugs where piperine (from black pepper) can significantly raise blood levels. There is also one Minor interaction: ashwagandha may decrease the effectiveness of certain medications processed by the liver enzyme CYP1A2.
Altogether, these interactions span 1,458 individual medications. Because this product touches so many drug types and pathways, you'll want to run your exact medications through the interaction checker on this page before starting.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg interact with 1,480 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
2 of the 2 ingredients in Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. organic Ashwagandha extract organic Black Pepper fruit extract
6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs, Immunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAdo-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionOrganic Ashwagandha ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ashwagandha might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, LamivudineTriumeq
How Abacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, Lamivudine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Abacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, Lamivudine interactionAbacavir, LamivudineEpzicom
How Abacavir, Lamivudine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Abacavir, Lamivudine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Abemaciclib interactionOrganic Ashwagandha ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ashwagandha might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ashwagandha might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Abiraterone interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionOrganic Ashwagandha ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha might decrease the effects of immunosuppressants.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Abrocitinib interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractP-glycoprotein Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionOrganic Ashwagandha ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ashwagandha might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs, Antidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acarbose interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionAcepromazineAtravet
How Acepromazine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acepromazine interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ashwagandha might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionOrganic Ashwagandha ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ashwagandha might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionOrganic Ashwagandha ExtractCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Hepatotoxic Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ashwagandha might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionOrganic Ashwagandha ExtractCns Depressants, Hepatotoxic Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ashwagandha might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionOrganic Ashwagandha ExtractCns Depressants, Hepatotoxic Drugs +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Hepatotoxic Drugs +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ashwagandha might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionOrganic Ashwagandha ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Hepatotoxic Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ashwagandha might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Organic Ashwagandha ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs, Serotonergic Drugs +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Organic Ashwagandha Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionOrganic Black Pepper Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Organic Black Pepper Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
organic Ashwagandha extract
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
There is preliminary clinical evidence suggesting that ashwagandha might lower blood glucose levels. Theoretically, ashwagandha might have additive effects when used with antidiabetes drugs and increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Animal research suggests that ashwagandha might lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Theoretically, ashwagandha might have additive effects when used with antihypertensive drugs and increase the risk of hypotension.
Benzodiazepines
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha might increase the sedative effects of benzodiazepines.
There is preliminary evidence that ashwagandha might have an additive effect with diazepam (Valium) and clonazepam (Klonopin). This may also occur with other benzodiazepines.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Ashwagandha seems to have sedative effects. Theoretically, this may potentiate the effects of barbiturates, other sedatives, and anxiolytics.
Hepatotoxic Drugs
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage.
Ashwagandha has been linked to cases of acute hepatitis, liver failure, hepatic encephalopathy, autoimmune hepatitis, the need for liver transplantation, and death due to liver failure.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, taking ashwagandha might decrease the effects of immunosuppressants.
Ashwagandha has demonstrated immunostimulant effects in humans. Animal research has shown that ashwagandha can attenuate the immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphamide.
Thyroid Hormone
Ashwagandha might increase the effects and adverse effects of thyroid hormone.
Concomitant use of ashwagandha with thyroid hormones may cause additive therapeutic and adverse effects. Preliminary clinical research and animal studies suggest that ashwagandha boosts thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion. In one clinical study, ashwagandha increased triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels by 41.5% and 19.6%, respectively, and reduced serum TSH levels by 17.4% from baseline in adults with subclinical hypothyroidism.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, ashwagandha might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that ashwagandha extract induces CYP1A2 enzymes.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, ashwagandha might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research shows that ashwagandha extract induces CYP3A4 enzymes.
Serotonergic Drugs
Some animal studies have reported that ashwagandha can enhance serotonergic transmission by altering certain serotonin (5-HT) receptors. However, there is no evidence to suggest that ashwagandha increases the risk of serotonin-related effects, and there have been no published case reports of serotonin syndrome when combined with other serotonergic drugs. Nevertheless, due to the lack of extensive studies on the matter and the fact that ashwagandha appears to affect serotonergic pathways, it would be prudent to exercise caution when combining it with drugs that affect serotonin. [References: - Effects of Withania somnifera (Ashwaga ndha) on Stress and the Stress-Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders Anxiety, Depression, and Insomnia. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2021 Sep 14; 19: 1468–1495. - A Prospective, Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Safety and Efficacy of a High-Concentration Full-Spectrum Extract of Ashwagandha Root in Reducing Stress and Anxiety in Adults. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3573577/]
organic Black Pepper fruit extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
In vitro research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, seems to inhibit platelet aggregation. This has not been reported in humans.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, can reduce blood glucose levels. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Theoretically, black pepper might increase blood levels of atorvastatin.
Animal research shows that taking piperine, a constituent of black pepper, 35 mg/kg can increase the maximum serum concentration of atorvastatin three-fold. This has not been reported in humans.
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the effects and side effects of cyclosporine.
In vitro research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, increases the bioavailability of cyclosporine. This has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research suggests that some constituents of black pepper inhibit CYP2D6. This has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research and pharmacokinetic simulation data suggest that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, as well as the pepper fruit seem to inhibit CYP3A4. This has not been reported in humans.
Lithium
Theoretically, black pepper might increase blood levels of lithium due to its diuretic effects. The dose of lithium might need to be reduced.
Black pepper is thought to have diuretic properties.
Nevirapine (Viramune)
Black pepper might increase blood levels of nevirapine.
Clinical research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, increases the plasma concentration of nevirapine. However, no adverse effects were observed in this study.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of P-glycoprotein substrates.
In vitro research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, seems to inhibit P-glycoprotein.
Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the sedative effects of pentobarbital.
Animal research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, increases pentobarbital-induced sleeping time.
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Black pepper might increase blood levels of phenytoin.
Clinical research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, seems to increase absorption, slow elimination, and increase levels of phenytoin. Taking a single dose of black pepper 1 gram along with phenytoin seems to double the serum concentration of phenytoin. Consuming a soup with black pepper providing piperine 44 mg/200 mL of soup along with phenytoin also seems to increase phenytoin levels when compared with consuming the same soup without black pepper.
Propranolol (Inderal)
Black pepper might increase blood levels of propranolol.
Clinical research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, seems to increase absorption and slow elimination of propranolol.
Rifampin (Rifadin)
Black pepper might increase blood levels of rifampin.
Clinical research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, seems to increase absorption and serum levels of rifampin.
Theophylline
Black pepper might increase blood levels of theophylline.
Clinical research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, seems to increase absorption and slow elimination of theophylline.
Amoxicillin (Amoxil, Trimox)
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the effects and side effects of amoxicillin.
Animal research shows that taking piperine, a constituent of black pepper, with amoxicillin increases plasma levels of amoxicillin. This has not been reported in humans.
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Theoretically, black pepper might increase blood levels of carbamazepine, potentially increasing the effects and side effects of carbamazepine.
One clinical study in patients taking carbamazepine 300 mg or 500 mg twice daily shows that taking a single 20 mg dose of purified piperine, a constituent of black pepper, increases carbamazepine levels. Piperine may increase carbamazepine absorption by increasing blood flow to the GI tract, increasing the surface area of the small intestine, or inhibiting cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) in the gut wall. Absorption was significantly increased by 7-10 mcg/mL/hour. The time to eliminate carbamazepine was also increased by 4-8 hours. Although carbamazepine levels were increased, this did not appear to increase side effects. In vitro research also shows that piperine can increase carbamazepine levels by 11% in a time-dependent manner.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research suggests that black pepper induces CYP1A2. This has not been reported in humans.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg, from the product label.
BioSchwartz
See all BioSchwartz products- Name
- BioSchwartz LLC
- City
- New York
- State
- NY
- ZipCode
- 10019
- Phone Number
- 1 (855) 739-2206
- Web Address
- http://www.bioschwartz.com
Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg by BioSchwartz: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Ashwagandha
Interacts with 1,372 drugsAshwagandha is an Ayurvedic herb most often taken to help with stress, anxiety, and sleep, and some small studies suggest it may help, though the evidence is still limited. It is generally w...
Read the full Ashwagandha monograph → Herb & supplement monographBlack Pepper
Interacts with 1,019 drugsBlack pepper is a common kitchen spice that is generally safe in the amounts used in food. Its extract, piperine, is mostly added to supplements to help the body absorb other ingredients (li...
Read the full Black Pepper monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Ashwagandha Root Extract 1950 mg's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 61 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Ashwagandha 32 references
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- Upton R, ed. Ashwagandha Root (Withania somnifera): Analytical, quality control, and therapuetic monograph. Santa Cruz, CA: American Herbal Pharmacopoeia 2000:1-25.
- Davis L, Kuttan G. Effect of Withania somnifera on cyclophosphamide-induced urotoxicity. Cancer Lett 2000;148:9-17. PubMed
- Davis L, Kuttan G. Suppressive effect of cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity by Withania somnifera extract in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 1998;62:209-14. PubMed
- Mishra LC, Singh BB, Dagenais S. Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Withania somnifera (ashwagandha): a review. Altern Med Rev 2000;5:334-46. DOI
- Andallu B, Radhika B. Hypoglycemic, diuretic and hypocholesterolemic effect of winter cherry (Withania somnifera, Dunal) root. Indian J Exp Biol 2000;38:607-9.
- Kulkarni RR, Patki PS, Jog VP, et al. Treatment of osteoarthritis with a herbomineral formulation: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. J Ethnopharmacol 1991;33:91-5. PubMed
- Ahumada F, Aspee F, Wikman G, Hancke J. Withania somnifera exract. Its effects on arterial blood pressure in anaesthetized dogs. Phytother Res 1991;5:111-14.
- Panda S, Kar A. Withania somnifera and Bauhinia purpurea in the regulation of circulating thyroid hormone concentrations in female mice. J Ethnopharmacol 1999;67:233-39. PubMed
- Panda S, Kar A. Changes in thyroid hormone concentrations after administration of ashwagandha root extract to adult male mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 1998;50:1065-68. PubMed
- Sehgal, V. N., Verma, P., and Bhattacharya, S. N. Fixed-drug eruption caused by ashwagandha (Withania somnifera): a widely used Ayurvedic drug. Skinmed. 2012;10(1):48-49.
- Agnihotri AP, Sontakke SD, Thawani VR, Saoji A, Goswami VS. Effects of Withania somnifera in patients of schizophrenia: a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled pilot trial study. Indian J Pharmacol. 2013;45(4):417-8. PubMed
- Biswal BM, Sulaiman SA, Ismail HC, Zakaria H, Musa KI. Effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on the development of chemotherapy-induced fatigue and quality of life in breast cancer patients. Integr Cancer Ther. 2013;12(4):312-22.
- Sharma AK, Basu I, Singh S. Efficacy and safety of Ashwagandha root extract in subclinical hypothyroid patients: a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2018 Mar;24(3):243-248. PubMed
- Durg S, Bavage S, Shivaram SB. Withania somnifera (Indian ginseng) in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of scientific evidence from experimental research to clinical application. Phytother Res. 2020;34(5):1041-1059.
- Björnsson HK, Björnsson ES, Avula B, et al. Ashwagandha-induced liver injury: A case series from Iceland and the US Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network. Liver Int. 2020;40(4):825-829. PubMed
- Tharakan A, Shukla H, Benny IR, Tharakan M, George L, Koshy S. Immunomodulatory Effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) Extract-A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial with an Open Label Extension on Healthy Participants. J Clin Med 2021;1 PubMed
- Ireland PJ, Hardy T, Burt AD, Donnelly MC. Drug-induced hepatocellular injury due to herbal supplement ashwagandha. J R Coll Physicians Edinb. 2021;51(4):363-365. PubMed
- Kamal HI, Patel K, Brdak A, Heffernan J, Ahmad N. Ashwagandha as a unique cause of thyrotoxicosis presenting with supraventricular tachycardia. Cureus. 2022 Mar 25;14(3):e23494. PubMed
- Suryawanshi G, Abdallah M, Thomson M, Desai N, Chauhan A, Lim N. Ashwagandha-Associated Acute Liver Failure Requiring Liver Transplantation. Am J Ther 2023;30(1):e80-e83. PubMed
- Pusec CM, Wolsky R, Llerena C, Sura P. A Case of Supplement-Induced Hepatitis. Cureus 2022;14(10):e30433. PubMed
- Ajgaonkar A, Jain M, Debnath K. Efficacy and Safety of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) Root Extract for Improvement of Sexual Health in Healthy Women: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Cureus 2022;14(10):e30787. PubMed
- Haron MH, Dale O, Martin K, et al. Evaluation of the Herb-Drug Interaction Potential of Commonly Used Botanicals on the US Market with Regard to PXR- and AhR-Mediated Influences on CYP3A4 and CYP1A2. J Diet Suppl 2022. PubMed
- Lubarska M, Halasinski P, Hryhorowicz S, et al. Liver Dangers of Herbal Products: A Case Report of Ashwagandha-Induced Liver Injury. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023;20(5):3921. PubMed
- Tóth M, Benedek AE, Longerich T, Seitz HK. Ashwagandha-induced acute liver injury: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2023;11(3):e7078.
- Bokan G, Glamocanin T, Mavija Z, et al. Herb-Induced Liver Injury by Ayurvedic Ashwagandha as Assessed for Causality by the Updated RUCAM: An Emerging Cause. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023;16(8):1129. PubMed
- Patel PA, Sanborn E, Then R, Williams DM. Recurrent Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome: A Report of Two Cases. Cureus 2023;15(8):e42992. PubMed
- Majeed M, Nagabhushanam K, Murali A, Vishwanathan DT, Mamidala RV, Mundkur L. A Standardized Withania somniferra (Linn.) Root Extract with Piperine Alleviates the Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression by Increasing Serotonin Levels: A Double-Blind, Randomize
- Philips CA, Valsan A, Theruvath AH, et al. Ashwagandha-induced liver injury-A case series from India and literature review. Hepatol Commun 2023;7(10):e0270. PubMed
- Hayashi M, Hamada H, Azuma SI, Hayashi K. Painless Thyroiditis by Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha). Cureus 2024;16(3):e55352. PubMed
- Vazirani S, Kothari A, Fujimoto J, Gomez M. Supplements Are Not a Synonym for Safe: Suspected Liver Injury From Ashwagandha. Fed Pract 2023;40(9):315-319. PubMed
- Patel M, Newell R, Hillier M, Ramalingam R. Herbal remedies as a potential cause of hypoadrenalism. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2024;85(6):1-4. PubMed
Black Pepper 29 references
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- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Bano G, Amla V, Raina RK, et al. The effect of piperine on pharmacokinetics of phenytoin in healthy volunteers. Planta Med 1987;53:568-9. PubMed
- Bano G, et al. Effect of piperine on bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of propranolol and theophylline in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1991;41;615-7. PubMed
- Cohle SD, Trestrail JD III, Graham MA, et al. Fatal pepper aspiration. Am J Dis Child 1988;142:633-6. PubMed
- Bhardwaj RK, Glaeser H, Becquemont L, et al. Piperine, a major constituent of black pepper, inhibits human P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002;302:645-50. PubMed
- Velpandian T, Jasuja R, Bhardwaj RK, et al. Piperine in food: interference in the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2001;26:241-7. PubMed
- Pattanaik S, Hota D, Prabhakar S, et al. Pharmacokinetic interaction of a single dose of piperine with steady-state carbamazepine in epilepsy patients. Phytother Res 2009;23:1281-6.
- Munakata, M., Kobayashi, K., Niisato-Nezu, J., Tanaka, S., Kakisaka, Y., Ebihara, T., Ebihara, S., Haginoya, K., Tsuchiya, S., and Onuma, A. Olfactory stimulation using black pepper oil facilitates oral feeding in pediatric patients receiving long-term en
- Myers, B. M., Smith, J. L., and Graham, D. Y. Effect of red pepper and black pepper on the stomach. Am J Gastroenterol 1987;82(3):211-214.
- Raghavendra, R. H. and Naidu, K. A. Spice active principles as the inhibitors of human platelet aggregation and thromboxane biosynthesis. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 2009;81(1):73-78. PubMed
- Subehan, Usia, T., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. Mechanism-based inhibition of human liver microsomal cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) by alkamides of Piper nigrum. Planta Med 2006;72(6):527-532.
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- Usia, T., Iwata, H., Hiratsuka, A., Watabe, T., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 inhibitory activities of Indonesian medicinal plants. Phytomedicine. 2006;13(1-2):67-73. PubMed
- Mujumdar, A. M., Dhuley, J. N., Deshmukh, V. K., Raman, P. H., Thorat, S. L., and Naik, S. R. Effect of piperine on pentobarbitone induced hypnosis in rats. Indian J Exp.Biol. 1990;28(5):486-487.
- Panda, S. and Kar, A. Piperine lowers the serum concentrations of thyroid hormones, glucose and hepatic 5'D activity in adult male mice. Horm.Metab Res. 2003;35(9):523-526. PubMed
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- Han, Y., Chin Tan, T. M., and Lim, L. Y. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the effects of piperine on P-gp function and expression. Toxicol.Appl.Pharmacol. 8-1-2008;230(3):283-289. PubMed
- Sharma, P., Varma, M. V., Chawla, H. P., and Panchagnula, R. In situ and in vivo efficacy of peroral absorption enhancers in rats and correlation to in vitro mechanistic studies. Farmaco 2005;60(11-12):874-883. PubMed
- Aher, S., Biradar, S., Gopu, C. L., and Paradkar, A. Novel pepper extract for enhanced P-glycoprotein inhibition. J Pharm.Pharmacol. 2009;61(9):1179-1186. PubMed
- Zutshi, R. K., Singh, R., Zutshi, U., Johri, R. K., and Atal, C. K. Influence of piperine on rifampicin blood levels in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis. J Assoc.Physicians India 1985;33(3):223-224.
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- Subehan, Usia, T., Iwata, H., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. Mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 by Indonesian medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol. 5-24-2006;105(3):449-455. PubMed
- Gimenez L, Zacharisen M. Severe pepper allergy in a young child. WMJ. 2011 Jun;110(3):138-9.
- Ren T, Yang M, Xiao M, Zhu J, Xie W, Zuo Z. Time-dependent inhibition of carbamazepine metabolism by piperine in anti-epileptic treatment. Life Sci. 2019;218:314-323. PubMed
- Thomas AB, Choudhary DC, Raje A, Nagrik SS. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic herb-drug interaction of piperine with atorvastatin in rats. J Chromatogr Sci 2021;59(4):371-80. PubMed
- Haron MH, Dale O, Martin K, et al. Evaluation of the Herb-Drug Interaction Potential of Commonly Used Botanicals on the US Market with Regard to PXR- and AhR-Mediated Influences on CYP3A4 and CYP1A2. J Diet Suppl 2022. PubMed
- Lin F, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Zhong D, Liu J. Predicting Food-Drug Interactions between Piperine and CYP3A4 Substrate Drugs Using PBPK Modeling. Int J Mol Sci 2024;25(20):10955. PubMed
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC