Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by NutraBio

Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime is a dietary supplement by NutraBio with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for muscle recovery and sports performance, gut health and 'leaky gut', recovery from severe illness or injury.Based on those ingredients, 483 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Magnesium, Taurine, L-Glutamine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime by NutraBio

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 5 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “Creatine Complex” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (5 Gram(s)) without saying how much of each component you get.

CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime contains five active ingredients designed to support muscle performance and recovery. L-Glutamine is an amino acid that may help with muscle preservation and recovery after illness or surgery.

Creatine Monohydrate and Creatine MagnaPower are forms of creatine, which supports muscle strength and athletic performance. Taurine is an amino acid that plays roles in heart and liver function.

Magnesium is a mineral involved in muscle function, energy production, and hundreds of other body processes. The powder also contains flavoring as an inactive ingredient.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Strength, muscle endurance, and recovery.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Exercise-induced muscle damage, Exercise-induced muscle soreness, Muscle hypertrophy, Anaerobic performance, Workout recovery.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Creatine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Glutamine is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance.
  • Also on file: Magnesium is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance.

The evidence for this product's ingredients is mixed. Magnesium is rated effective for constipation and indigestion, and possibly effective for low magnesium levels and preventing pre-eclampsia in pregnancy.

Glutamine is effective for sickle cell disease and possibly effective for recovery after surgery, trauma, or in HIV/AIDS-related muscle wasting. Creatine (both forms) is possibly effective for building muscle strength, athletic performance, and certain rare neurological conditions, though it's rated possibly ineffective for Huntington's disease and bone density.

Taurine is possibly effective for congestive heart failure and hepatitis, and possibly ineffective for weight loss.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Glutamine Taurine Magnesium Creatine

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

These ingredients are generally well tolerated in healthy adults, though some caution applies. Common side effects from glutamine include bloating, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, and gastrointestinal discomfort — these were reported in clinical trials using high doses.

Creatine may cause dehydration, diarrhea, muscle cramps, and water retention; a small number of patients in one study reported swelling after two months of use. Taurine is generally well tolerated short-term; long-term safety is less certain.

Magnesium commonly causes diarrhea, nausea, and gastrointestinal irritation, especially at higher doses. People with kidney or liver disease should use glutamine and creatine only under medical supervision.

If you have kidney issues, check with your doctor before using creatine.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Glutamine Taurine Magnesium Creatine

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Glutamine, Magnesium, Taurine.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; seizure medications; diabetes medications; heart-rhythm medications; lithium; Parkinson's medications.
  • For scale: 483 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before starting this product, double-check if you take levodopa/carbidopa for Parkinson's disease (magnesium can significantly reduce its effectiveness). Also verify any blood pressure medications, muscle relaxants, calcium channel blockers, diabetic drugs, anticonvulsants, quinolone antibiotics, bisphosphonates, potassium-sparing diuretics, lithium, or acid-reducing medications.

If you're on any of these, run them through the checker on this page.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product may help with muscle strength and athletic performance if you're training. If you take any prescription medications — especially Parkinson's drugs, blood pressure medications, diabetes drugs, antibiotics, or bone medications — check them against the interaction tool before you start.

People with kidney disease or those on lithium should talk with their pharmacist first. It's a good idea to discuss any new supplement with your doctor or pharmacist, especially if you're pregnant or nursing.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 22, 2015.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime, straight from the product label.

Brand NutraBio
Barcode (UPC) 649908246501
Net contents 492 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 22, 2015
DSLD ID 51075
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Kosher, No Allergies, Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime by NutraBio, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
12.3 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
12.3 Gram(s)
Servings per container
40
UPC/BARCODE
649908246501
IngredientAmount% DV
L-Glutamine4 Gram(s)--
Creatine Monohydrate4.2 Gram(s)--
Taurine2 Gram(s)--
Magnesium67 mg15%
Creatine Complex5 Gram(s)--
Creatine MagnaPower800 mg--

Other ingredients: Flavoring

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

FDA Registration: 16906175560

Made in our GMP & FDA inspected facility

Manufactured in our GMP & FDA Inspected Facility

Quality and purity since 1996. NutraBio manufactures in our own FDA registered & inspected GMP facility complying with FDA 21 CFR Part 111 regulations.

Strength / Endurance / Recovery

Replenish ATP for Peak Power Output - Improve Athletic Performance & Endurance - Speed Muscle Recovery

Serving Scoop Included. (May settle to the bottom during shipping.)

Without Compromise Since 1996

Formula

5g Creatine 4g Glutamine 2g Taurine

Creatine / Glutamine / Taurine

CGT-Max is a cell volumizing formula that supports strength, muscle endurance, & rapid muscle recovery by combining three of the most effective muscle building supplements (Creatine, Glutamine and Taurine) into one explosive formula.

OU

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: As a dietary supplement, take 1 serving mixed into 16oz of your favorite beverage 2 times daily or as directed by your physician.

1 serving - Mixed with 16 oz. - Favorite Beverage - 2x daily

Formulation

No Fillers or Excipients - No Proprietary Blends - No Hidden Ingredients - No Banned Substances

Allergen Free ~ Non-GMO ~ Gluten Free ~ BSE/TSE Free

Vegetarian

No fillers - No excipients - No additives (except flavoring)

Precautions

Warning: Not intended for use by persons under the age of 18. Keep out of reach of children.

If you are pregnant or breast feeding, consult your health care professional before using this product. People with known medical conditions and/or taking drugs should consult with a licensed physician prior to taking.

Seals/Symbols

KQ Kyowa Quality

TRUE LABEL FULL LABEL DISCLOSURE

Made In USA

OU

FDA Statement of Identity

Kyowa Quality and/or the KQ logo are trademarks of Kyowa Hakko Bio Co, Ltd.

Dietary Supplement

Brand IP Statement(s)

Albion

Creatine MagnaPower and the chelate molecular structure are registered trademarks of Albion Labs and use of them is licensed under US Patent 4,114,379 and patents pending.

Storage

Store in a cool dry place.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

+ These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

General

24650-009 B20100-005

See for yourself

CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime by NutraBio label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime by NutraBio

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size12.3 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container40 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

L-Glutamine

Interacts with
50 drugs
4 Gram(s) per serving

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and is usually made in your muscles. A prescription form is FDA-approved to help reduce sickle c...

L-Glutamine monograph & interactions

Taurine

Interacts with
173 drugs
2 Gram(s) per serving

Taurine is an amino acid your body makes naturally and that you also get from animal foods. It is widely used in energy drinks and sports supplements,...

Taurine monograph & interactions

Magnesium

Interacts with
295 drugs
67 mg per serving Form: Creatine MagnaPower

Magnesium is an essential mineral your body needs for muscles, nerves, blood pressure, and many other functions, and supplements are useful for preven...

Magnesium monograph & interactions

Creatine Complex

No known
interactions
5 Gram(s) per serving

Creatine is one of the most studied sports supplements, with solid evidence that it can boost strength and performance during short, high-intensity ac...

Creatine Complex monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Flavoring. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime by NutraBio Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
483Drugs
6 Major 369 Moderate 108 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Magnesium 295
Taurine 173

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Magnesium15 drug types · 295 drugs

Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)

Magnesium can reduce the bioavailability of levodopa/carbidopa.
Clinical research in healthy volunteers shows that taking magnesium oxide 1000 mg with levodopa 100 mg/carbidopa 10 mg reduces the area under the curve (AUC) of levodopa by 35% and of carbidopa by 81%. In vitro and animal research shows that magnesium produces an alkaline environment in the digestive tract, which might lead to degradation and reduced bioavailability of levodopa/carbidopa.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

Concomitant use of aminoglycoside antibiotics and magnesium can increase the risk for neuromuscular weakness.
Both aminoglycosides and magnesium reduce presynaptic acetylcholine release, which can lead to neuromuscular blockade and possible paralysis. This is most likely to occur with high doses of magnesium given intravenously.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antacids

Use of acid reducers may reduce the laxative effect of magnesium oxide.
A retrospective analysis shows that, in the presence of H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), a higher dose of magnesium oxide is needed for a laxative effect. This may also occur with antacids. Under acidic conditions, magnesium oxide is converted to magnesium chloride and then to magnesium bicarbonate, which has an osmotic laxative effect. By reducing acidity, antacids may reduce the conversion of magnesium oxide to the active bicarbonate salt.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (Biktarvy)

Magnesium might decrease levels of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide by reducing its absorption.
Advise patients that bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide should be taken at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after magnesium containing products.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Bisphosphonates

Magnesium can decrease absorption of bisphosphonates.
Cations, including magnesium, can decrease bisphosphonate absorption. Advise patients to separate doses of magnesium and these drugs by at least 2 hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Calcium Channel Blockers

Magnesium can have additive effects with calcium channel blockers, although evidence is conflicting.
Magnesium inhibits calcium entry into smooth muscle cells and may therefore have additive effects with calcium channel blockers. Severe hypotension and neuromuscular blockades may occur when nifedipine is used with intravenous magnesium, although some contradictory evidence suggests that concurrent use of magnesium with nifedipine does not increase the risk of neuromuscular weakness. High doses of magnesium could theoretically have additive effects with other calcium channel blockers.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Digoxin

Magnesium salts may reduce absorption of digoxin.
Clinical evidence suggests that treatment with oral magnesium hydroxide or magnesium trisilicate reduces absorption of digoxin from the intestines. This may reduce the blood levels of digoxin and decrease its therapeutic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Potassium-sparing diuretics decrease excretion of magnesium, possibly increasing magnesium levels.
Potassium-sparing diuretics also have magnesium-sparing properties, which can counteract the magnesium losses associated with loop and thiazide diuretics. Theoretically, increased magnesium levels could result from concomitant use of potassium-sparing diuretics and magnesium supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Quinolone Antibiotics

Magnesium decreases absorption of quinolones.
Magnesium can form insoluble complexes with quinolones and decrease their absorption. Advise patients to take these drugs at least 2 hours before, or 4 to 6 hours after, magnesium supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Parenteral magnesium alters the pharmacokinetics of skeletal muscle relaxants, increasing their effects and accelerating the onset of effect.
Parenteral magnesium shortens the time to onset of skeletal muscle relaxants by about 1 minute and prolongs the duration of action by about 2 minutes. Magnesium potentiates the effects of skeletal muscle relaxants by decreasing calcium-mediated release of acetylcholine from presynaptic nerve terminals, reducing postsynaptic sensitivity to acetylcholine, and having a direct effect on the membrane potential of myocytes. Magnesium also has vasodilatory actions and increases cardiac output, allowing a greater amount of muscle relaxant to reach the motor end plate. A clinical study found that low-dose rocuronium (0.45 mg/kg), when given after administration of magnesium 30 mg/kg over 10 minutes, has an accelerated onset of effect, which matches the onset of effect seen with a full-dose rocuronium regimen (0.6 mg/kg). In another clinical study, onset times for rocuronium doses of 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mg/kg were 86, 76, and 50 seconds, respectively, when given alone, but were reduced to 66, 44, and 38 seconds, respectively, when the doses were given after a 15-minute infusion of magnesium sulfate 60 mg/kg. Giving intraoperative intravenous magnesium sulfate, 50 mg/kg loading dose followed by 15 mg/kg/hour, reduces the onset time of rocuronium, enhances its clinical effects, reduces the dose of intraoperative opiates, and prolongs the spontaneous recovery time. It does not affect the activity of subsequently administered neostigmine.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Sulfonylureas

Magnesium increases the systemic absorption of sulfonylureas, increasing their effects and side effects.
Clinical research shows that administration of magnesium hydroxide with glyburide increases glyburide absorption, increases maximal insulin response by 35-fold, and increases the risk of hypoglycemia, when compared with glyburide alone. A similar interaction occurs between magnesium hydroxide and glipizide. The mechanism of this effect appears to be related to the elevation of gastrointestinal pH by magnesium-based antacids, increasing solubility and enhancing absorption of sulfonylureas.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Magnesium decreases absorption of tetracyclines.
Magnesium can form insoluble complexes with tetracyclines in the gut and decrease their absorption and antibacterial activity. Advise patients to take these drugs 1 hour before or 2 hours after magnesium supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, magnesium may have antiplatelet effects, but the evidence is conflicting.
In vitro evidence shows that magnesium sulfate inhibits platelet aggregation, even at low concentrations. Some preliminary clinical evidence shows that infusion of magnesium sulfate increases bleeding time by 48% and reduces platelet activity. However, other clinical research shows that magnesium does not affect platelet aggregation, although inhibition of platelet-dependent thrombosis can occur.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Gabapentin (Neurontin)

Gabapentin absorption can be decreased by magnesium.
Clinical research shows that giving magnesium oxide orally along with gabapentin decreases the maximum plasma concentration of gabapentin by 33%, time to maximum concentration by 36%, and area under the curve by 43%. Advise patients to take gabapentin at least 2 hours before, or 4 to 6 hours after, magnesium supplements.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Sevelamer (Renagel, Renvela)

Sevelamer may increase serum magnesium levels.
In patients on hemodialysis, sevelamer use was associated with a 0.28 mg/dL increase in serum magnesium. The mechanism of this interaction remains unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B

Taurine2 drug types · 173 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Some clinical evidence suggests that taurine can reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, taurine might reduce excretion and increase plasma levels of lithium.
Taurine is thought to have diuretic properties, which might reduce the excretion of lithium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D

L-Glutamine1 drug type · 50 drugs

Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, glutamine might antagonize the effects of anticonvulsant medications.
Glutamine is metabolized to the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Glutamate might have antagonistic effects with anticonvulsant drugs. However, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime, from the product label.

NutraBio

See all NutraBio products
Name
NutraBio Labs, Inc.
Street Address
564 Lincoln Blvd.
City
Middlesex
State
NJ
ZipCode
08846
Phone Number
732-748-8606
Web Address
www.nutrabio.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime by NutraBio: Common Questions

Does CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime by NutraBio interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime has a known interaction with 483 medications, including 6 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe to take if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Glutamine and taurine are rated likely safe in pregnancy and lactation based on the data we have. Magnesium is needed in pregnancy but should be used only under your doctor's guidance. Creatine is rated unsafe in pregnancy and we don't have enough safety data for breastfeeding, so it's best avoided. Talk with your doctor about all ingredients before using this product while pregnant or nursing.
What is taurine in this product for?
Taurine is an amino acid that plays important roles in heart and liver function. The evidence suggests it may help with congestive heart failure and hepatitis, though more research is needed.
Will this help me build muscle?
Creatine in this product is possibly effective for building muscle strength and improving athletic performance when combined with resistance training. Glutamine may support recovery after workouts or illness. Individual results vary, and consistent training is essential.
What side effects should I expect?
The most common side effects are gastrointestinal — bloating, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, and stomach discomfort. Creatine may cause water retention and muscle cramps. These are usually mild, but if they're bothersome, try taking it with food or reducing your dose.
Can I take this if I have kidney problems?
If you have kidney or liver disease, glutamine and creatine should only be used under medical supervision. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting this product.
Is magnesium in this product enough to treat constipation?
Magnesium is effective for constipation, but the amount in this product is formulated for muscle and athletic support, not as a laxative treatment. If you need magnesium for constipation, a dedicated product may be a better choice. Ask your pharmacist.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime label
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

CGT Max V.4 Lemon Lime's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 200 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Glutamine 11 references
  1. Miller AL. Therapeutic considerations of L-glutamine: a review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 1999;4:239-48..
  2. Bozzetti F, Biganzoli L, Gavazzi C, et al. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a double-blind randomized study. Nutrition 1997;13:748-51.. PubMed
  3. Mebane AH. L-Glutamine and mania. Am J Psychiatry 984;141:1302-3.
  4. Meldrum BS. Glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the brain: review of physiology and pathology. J Nutr 2000;130:1007S-15S.. PubMed
  5. Garlick PJ. Assessment of the safety of glutamine and other amino acids. J Nutr 2001;131:2556S-61S.. PubMed
  6. Chapman AG. Glutamate and epilepsy. J Nutr 2000;130:1043S-5S.. PubMed
  7. Ziegler TR. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving bone marrow transplantation and high dose chemotherapy. J Nutr 2001;131:2578S-84S.. PubMed
  8. Laviano A, Molfino A, Lacaria MT, Canelli A, De Leo S, Preziosa I, Rossi Fanelli F. Glutamine supplementation favors weight loss in nondieting obese female patients. A pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Nov;68(11):1264-6. PubMed
  9. Endari (l-glutamine) [package insert]. Torrance, CA: Emmaus Medical,Inc; 2017.
  10. Niihara Y, Miller ST, Kanter J, et al. A Phase 3 Trial of l-Glutamine in Sickle Cell Disease. N Engl J Med 2018;379(3):226-35. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1715971.
  11. Ogden HB, Child RB, Fallowfield JL, et al. Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Low, Medium and High Dose Acute Oral l-Glutamine Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):2953. PubMed

See these in context on the Glutamine monograph →

Creatine 86 references
  1. Koshy KM, Griswold E, Schneeberger EE. Interstitial nephritis in a patient taking creatine. N Engl J Med 1999;340:814-5. PubMed
  2. Vahedi K, Domingo V, Amarenco P, Bousser MG. Ischemic stroke in a sportsman who consumed MaHuang extract and creatine monohydrate for bodybuilding. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 2000;68:112-3.
  3. Greenhaff P. Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Lancet 1998;352:233-4. PubMed
  4. Vandenberghe K, Goris M, Van Hecke P, et al. Long-term creatine intake is beneficial to muscle performance during resistance training (abstract). J Appl Physiol 1997;83:2055-63. PubMed
  5. Hultman E, Soderlund K, Timmons JA, et al. Muscle creatine loading in men. J Appl Physiol 1996;81:232-7. PubMed
  6. Pritchard NR, Kalra PA. Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Lancet 1998;351:1252-3. PubMed
  7. Poortmans JR, Auquier H, Renaut V, et al. Effect of short-term creatine supplementation on renal responses in men (abstract). Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1997;76:566-7. PubMed
  8. Poortmans JR, Francaux M. Long-term oral creatine supplementation does not impair renal function in healthy athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999;31:1108-10. PubMed
  9. Mihic S, MacDonald JR, McKenzie S, Tarnopolsky MA. Acute creatine loading increases fat-free mass, but does not affect blood pressure, plasma creatinine, or CK activity in men and women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000;32:291-6. PubMed
  10. Rawson ES, Wehnert ML, Clarkson PM. Effects of 30 days of creatine ingestion in older men. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1999;80:139-44. PubMed
  11. Earnest CP, Almada AL, Mitchell TL. High-performance capillary electrophoresis-pure creatine monohydrate reduces blood lipids in men and women. Clin Sci (Colch) 1996;91:113-8. PubMed
  12. Juhn MS. Oral creatine supplementation. Separating fact from hype. Phys Sportsmed 1999;27:47-50,53-54,56,61,89. PubMed
  13. Juhn MS, O'Kane JW, Vinci DM. Oral creatine supplementation in male collegiate athletes: a survey of dosing habits and side effects. J Am Diet Assoc 1999;99:593-5.
  14. Green AL, Hultman E, Macdonald IA, et al. Carbohydrate ingestion augments skeletal muscle creatine accumulation during creatine supplementation in humans. Am J Physiol 1996;271:E821-6. PubMed
  15. Balsom PD, Soderlund K, Sjodin B, Ekblom B. Skeletal muscle metabolism during short duration high-intensity exercise: influence of creatine supplementation. Acta Physiol Scand 1995;154:303-10. PubMed
  16. Snow RJ, McKenna MJ, Selig SE, et al. Effect of creatine supplementation on sprint exercise performance and muscle metabolism. (abstract) J Appl Physiol 1998;84:1667-73. PubMed
  17. McNaughton LR, Dalton B, Tarr J. The effects of creatine supplementation on high-intensity exercise performance in elite performers. (abstract) Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1998;78:236-40. PubMed
  18. Groeneveld GJ, Veldink JH, van der Tweel I, et al. A randomized sequential trial of creatine in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2003;53:437-45. . PubMed
  19. Robinson SJ. Acute quadriceps compartment syndrome and rhabdomyolysis in a weight lifter using high-dose creatine supplementation. J Am Board Fam Pract 2000;13:134-7. PubMed
  20. Kammer RT. Lone atrial fibrillation associated with creatine monohydrate supplementation. Pharmacotherapy 2005;25:762-4. PubMed
  21. Gualano B, Ugrinowitsch C, Novaes RB, et al. Effects of creatine supplementation on renal function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur J Appl Physiol 2008;103:33-40. PubMed
  22. Pfeffer, G., Majamaa, K., Turnbull, D. M., Thorburn, D., and Chinnery, P. F. Treatment for mitochondrial disorders. Cochrane Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;4:CD004426. PubMed
  23. Boos, C. J., White, S. H., Bland, S. A., and McAllister, P. D. Dietary supplements and military operations: caution is advised. J R.Army Med Corps 2010;156(1):41-43. PubMed
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Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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