DDR Prime Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by doTERRA
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking DDR Prime against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
DDR Prime is a dietary supplement by doTERRA with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for joint pain and osteoarthritis, inflammation, digestive complaints.Based on those ingredients, 1,218 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) bud Oil, wild Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) peel Oil, Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) leaf Oil. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against DDR Prime by doTERRA
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with DDR Prime by doTERRA — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of DDR Prime by doTERRA
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
DDR Prime contains eight active ingredients, most of them essential oils: frankincense, wild orange, litsea, thyme, summer savory, niaouli, lemongrass, and clove. These are blended into a base of extra virgin olive oil and packaged in softgel capsules with food starch, glycerin, carrageenan, maltitol, and purified water as inactive ingredients.
Each oil brings its own aromatic and traditional properties to the formula.
Does it work?
Not established
The evidence supporting DDR Prime's ingredients is limited. Frankincense, wild orange, thyme, lemongrass, and clove all show insufficient reliable evidence for the health claims commonly made about them—whether for skin, colds, bronchitis, headaches, or other uses listed on supplement labels.
Clove alone has one use rated as possibly effective: ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), which is a hospital-acquired lung infection in intubated patients. For the other uses these ingredients are promoted for, the data we hold doesn't establish that they work.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Frankincense is generally well tolerated short-term when used topically or inhaled, but safety data is limited for oral use in supplements—it's not enough to know either way during pregnancy or breastfeeding, so talk with your doctor or pharmacist first. Wild orange can raise heart rate and blood pressure, especially when taken with caffeine or other stimulants; it's not recommended during pregnancy because of these stimulant effects.
Thyme is likely safe in food amounts and likely safe during pregnancy, but the concentrated essential oil in this supplement is less studied. Clove is safe as a spice but toxic in large amounts (clove oil at 5–10 mL has poisoned children), so stick to the manufacturer's dose.
Lemongrass has limited safety data for medicinal doses, particularly during pregnancy. One small clinical study of bitter orange juice showed it can raise blood pressure and heart rate, and rare serious events—including heart attack, stroke, and irregular heartbeats—have been reported.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
Check with your pharmacist if you take MAOIs (older antidepressants), midazolam (Versed) or other sedatives, blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs like warfarin or aspirin, heart medications that control rhythm, diabetes drugs, stimulants, or caffeine regularly. Wild orange is the main culprit for Major-severity issues, but several ingredients can slow how your liver breaks down medications, potentially raising their levels and side effects.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
DDR Prime is an essential oil blend with limited evidence that it works for any specific condition. If you take heart, blood pressure, diabetes, blood thinner, or psychiatric medications, or if you use caffeine regularly, talk to your pharmacist before starting this product—the interactions could be serious.
Pregnant or breastfeeding? Check with your doctor or pharmacist first, since safety data is thin for most of these oils at supplement doses.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 6 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated May 28, 2019.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about DDR Prime, straight from the product label.
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for DDR Prime by doTERRA, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
Other ingredients: extra virgin Olive Oil, Food Starch, Glycerin, Carrageenan, Maltitol, purified Water
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements
doTERRA DDR Prime is a proprietary blend of CPTG Certified Pure Therapeutic Grade essential oils formulated to support healthy cellular response and regeneration. As we age, cellular renewal can slow or be compromised by oxidative damage to cellular DNA. The essential oils in DDR Prime provide antioxidant protection and support a healthy response to cellular stressors.
Essential oil cellular complex
30-day supply
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions for use: Take 2 softgels daily with meal (may take once morning and evening)
Precautions
Note: Keep out of reach of children.
Pregnant or nursing women and people with known medical conditions should consult a physician before using.
Do not use if safety seal is broken or missing.
Formulation
Does not contain milk or wheat products.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Brand IP Statement(s)
CPTG
General
v5 34410001
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
DDR Prime by doTERRA label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in DDR Prime by doTERRA
These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size2 Softgel(s) Dosage formSoftgel Capsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
DDR Prime Proprietary Blend
- › Frankincense (Boswellia carterii) resin Oil
- › Wild Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) peel Oil
- › Litsea (Litsea cubeba) fruit Oil
- › Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) leaf Oil
- › Summer Savory (Satureja hortensis) plant Oil
- › Niaouli (Melaleuca quinquenervia) leaf Oil
- › Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) leaf Oil
- › Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) bud Oil
Other (inactive) ingredients: Extra virgin Olive Oil, Food Starch, Glycerin, Carrageenan, Maltitol, Purified Water. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
DDR Prime by doTERRA Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
DDR Prime by doTERRA contains eight ingredients, six of which we could check for interactions with medications.
Altogether, these interactions span 1,204 individual medications. The product's most serious concern is wild orange (bitter orange), which carries Major-severity interactions: it can dangerously raise blood pressure when combined with MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors, a class of older antidepressants), and it may boost blood levels of midazolam (Versed, a sedative), increasing the risk of oversedation and breathing problems.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Wild orange also has Moderate interactions with blood pressure and heart medications, diabetes drugs, stimulants, QT-prolonging heart drugs (which control irregular heartbeats), certain cough medicines, and caffeine. Thyme, summer savory, and clove each carry Moderate interactions with blood thinners and related drugs.
Lemongrass and clove both interact with several cytochrome P450 enzymes—the liver pathways that break down many common medications—potentially raising levels of those drugs and their side effects. Clove specifically may worsen low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) when used with diabetes medications, and lemongrass may strengthen the effects of barbiturates like pentobarbital.
We could not check two ingredients—litsea and niaouli—because we hold no interaction data for them. Frankincense showed no interactions in our data.
Before starting this product, run your exact medications through the checker on this page, especially if you take blood thinners, heart drugs, diabetes medications, antidepressants, or sedatives.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against DDR Prime?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in DDR Prime interact with 1,218 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
5 of the 8 ingredients in DDR Prime interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) bud Oil wild Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) peel Oil Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) leaf Oil Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) leaf Oil Summer Savory (Satureja hortensis) plant Oil
Acetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with DDR Prime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with DDR Prime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilStimulant Drugs, Caffeine +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with DDR Prime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCaffeine, Stimulant Drugs +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase blood pressure and heart rate when taken with caffeine.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with DDR Prime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCaffeine, Stimulant Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase blood pressure and heart rate when taken with caffeine.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilDextromethorphan (robitussin Dm, Others), Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase blood levels of dextromethorphan.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Dextromethorphan (robitussin Dm, Others) +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilDextromethorphan (robitussin Dm, Others), Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase blood levels of dextromethorphan.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PseudoephedrineChildren's Tylenol Cold Plus Cough, Tylenol Cold Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilStimulant Drugs, Dextromethorphan (robitussin Dm, Others) +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic GG
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilStimulant Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylephrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS, Histex SR, Protid
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic, Rhinogesic JR
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineAlumadrine, Conex, Sinadrin Max Strength, Sinulin
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilStimulant Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, OpiumHista-Derfule
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, PhenyltoloxamineNorel Plus
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilStimulant Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PseudoephedrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS Liquid Gels, Children's Tylenol Cold, Codimal, Comtrex, Extra Strength Tylenol Allergy Sinus, Lorsin +3 more
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilStimulant Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, ChlorzoxazoneAcetazone Forte, Extra Strength Tylenol Aches & Strains, Parafon Forte
How Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone interacts with DDR Prime — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone, CodeineAcetazone Forte C8, Parafon Forte C8
How Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone, Codeine interacts with DDR Prime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone, Codeine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone, Codeine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, CodeineTylenol No.3, Tylenol w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Codeine interacts with DDR Prime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Codeine interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Codeine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Codeine, DoxylamineMersyndol
How Acetaminophen, Codeine, Doxylamine interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Codeine, Doxylamine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Codeine, Doxylamine interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Codeine, Doxylamine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Codeine, Doxylamine interactionAcetaminophen, Codeine, MethocarbamolAcetaminophen, Codeine, Methocarbamol, Robaxacet 8
How Acetaminophen, Codeine, Methocarbamol interacts with DDR Prime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Codeine, Methocarbamol interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Codeine, Methocarbamol interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Codeine, Methocarbamol interactionAcetaminophen, Dexbrompheniramine, PseudoephedrineSinadrin Plus
How Acetaminophen, Dexbrompheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interacts with DDR Prime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Dexbrompheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Dexbrompheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Dexbrompheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, DextromethorphanTylenol Cough Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan interacts with DDR Prime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilDextromethorphan (robitussin Dm, Others), Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase blood levels of dextromethorphan.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, PseudoephedrineVicks NyQuil
How Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilStimulant Drugs, Dextromethorphan (robitussin Dm, Others) +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, PhenylephrineConar-A
How Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine interacts with DDR Prime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, PhenylpropanolamineAnatuss
How Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with DDR Prime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylpropanolamine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylpropanolamine interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, PseudoephedrineRobitussin Cold, Severe Cold, Suphedrine Cold/Cough
How Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Pseudoephedrine interacts with DDR Prime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilStimulant Drugs, Dextromethorphan (robitussin Dm, Others) +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Pseudoephedrine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Pseudoephedrine interactionClove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine, PyrilamineTheracaps
How Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine, Pyrilamine interacts with DDR Prime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Clove (eugenia Caryophyllus) Bud Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine, Pyrilamine interactionLemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Lemongrass (cymbopogon Flexuosus) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine, Pyrilamine interactionWild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel OilDextromethorphan (robitussin Dm, Others), Stimulant Drugs +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase blood levels of dextromethorphan.
Read the full Wild Orange (citrus Aurantium Dulcis) Peel Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine, Pyrilamine interactionThyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf OilAnticholinergic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Read the full Thyme (thymus Vulgaris) Leaf Oil + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine, Pyrilamine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in DDR Prime with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus) bud Oil
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove extracts with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical and laboratory research suggest that polyphenol extracts from clove flower buds might lower blood glucose levels. Dosing adjustments for insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents may be necessary when taken with clove. Monitor blood glucose levels closely.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP1A2 in a dose-dependent manner,. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, inhibits CYP2C9 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP2D6 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP3A4 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that eugenol, a constituent of clove, has antiplatelet activity. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Ibuprofen (Advil, Others)
Theoretically, topical application of clove oil with ibuprofen might increase the absorption and side effects of topical ibuprofen.
Laboratory research shows that topical application of clove oil increases the absorption of topical ibuprofen. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
wild Orange (Citrus aurantium dulcis) peel Oil
Midazolam (Versed)
Bitter orange might increase blood levels of midazolam.
One small clinical study shows that bitter orange juice can increase midazolam levels, likely through inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of midazolam-related adverse effects.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (Maois)
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Bitter orange contains tyramine, octopamine, and synephrine, which are MAO substrates.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Some clinical research shows that drinking a tea containing bitter orange and Indian snakeroot reduces fasting and postprandial glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes who are using antidiabetes drugs. However, it is unclear if these effects are due to bitter orange, Indian snakeroot, or the combination. An animal study also shows that p-synephrine in combination with gliclazide , a sulfonylurea, causes an additional 20% to 44% decrease in glucose levels when compared with gliclazide alone.
Caffeine
Bitter orange might increase blood pressure and heart rate when taken with caffeine.
Small clinical studies show that taking bitter orange in combination with caffeine can increase blood pressure and heart rate in otherwise healthy normotensive adults. Theoretically, this might increase the risk of serious cardiovascular adverse effects.
Colchicine
Bitter orange might affect colchicine levels.
Colchicine is a substrate of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Bitter orange has been reported to inhibit CYP3A4 and increase levels of CYP3A4 substrates. However, one small clinical study in healthy adults shows that drinking bitter orange juice 240 mL twice daily for 4 days and taking a single dose of colchicine 0.6 mg on the 4th day decreases colchicine peak serum levels by 24%, time to peak serum level by 1 hour, and overall exposure to colchicine by 20%. The clinical significance of this finding is unclear.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Small clinical studies suggest that single or multiple doses of freshly squeezed bitter orange juice 200-240 mL can inhibit CYP3A4 metabolism of drugs, causing increased drug levels and potentially increasing the risk of adverse effects. However, the extent of the effect of bitter orange on CYP3A4-mediated drug interactions is unknown. Some evidence suggests that bitter orange selectively inhibits intestinal CYP3A4, but not hepatic CYP3A4. Its effect on P-glycoprotein, which strongly overlaps with CYP3A4 interactions, is unclear. One small clinical study shows that drinking 8 ounces of freshly squeezed bitter orange juice has no effect on cyclosporine, which seems to be more dependent on hepatic CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein than intestinal CYP3A4.
Dextromethorphan (Robitussin Dm, Others)
Bitter orange might increase blood levels of dextromethorphan.
One small clinical study shows that bitter orange juice increases dextromethorphan levels, likely through cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibition. Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk for dextromethorphan-related adverse effects.
Felodipine (Plendil)
Bitter orange might increase blood levels of felodipine.
One small clinical study shows that bitter orange juice increases felodipine levels, likely through cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibition. Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk for felodipine-related adverse effects.
Indinavir (Crixivan)
Bitter orange might increase blood levels of indinavir.
One small clinical study shows that bitter orange juice slightly increases indinavir levels, but this effect is likely to be clinically insignificant. Bitter orange selectively inhibits intestinal cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4); however, the metabolism of indinavir seems to be more dependent on hepatic CYP3A4. The effect of bitter orange on other protease inhibitors has not been studied.
Qt Interval-Prolonging Drugs
Theoretically, bitter orange might have an additive effect when combined with drugs that prolong the QT interval, potentially increasing the risk of ventricular arrhythmias.
One case report suggests that taking bitter orange in combination with other stimulants such as caffeine might prolong the QT interval in some patients.
Sildenafil (Viagra)
Bitter orange juice might increase blood levels of sildenafil.
A small clinical study in healthy adult males shows that drinking freshly squeezed bitter orange juice 250 mL daily for 3 days and taking a single dose of sildenafil 50 mg on the 3rd day increases the peak plasma concentration of sildenafil by 18% and the overall exposure to sildenafil by 44%. Theoretically, this may be due to inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 by bitter orange.
Stimulant Drugs
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Bitter orange appears to have stimulant effects.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that octopamine, a constituent of bitter orange, weakly inhibits CYP2D6 enzymes. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) leaf Oil
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Animal research shows that lemongrass and its constituent citral inhibit CYP3A4.
Glucuronidated Drugs
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Animal research shows that lemongrass and its constituent citral induce uridine diphosphoglucuronosyl transferase (UGT), the major phase 2 enzyme that is responsible for glucuronidation.
Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the effects and adverse effects of pentobarbital.
Animal research shows that high doses of lemongrass essential oil increases sleep time and decreases time to fall asleep in animals administered pentobarbital.
Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) leaf Oil
Anticholinergic Drugs
Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that thyme essential oil and specific essential oil constituents like thymohydroquinone and carvacrol can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, this effect has not been observed in humans.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro and animal research suggests that thyme leaf extract has antiplatelet effects. However, this effect has not been observed in humans.
Cholinergic Drugs
Theoretically, concurrent use of cholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might cause additive cholinergic effects.
In vitro evidence suggests that thyme essential oil and specific essential oil constituents like thymohydroquinone and carvacrol can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, this effect has not been observed in humans.
Estrogens
Theoretically, thyme might competitively inhibit the effects of estrogen replacement therapy.
In vitro research shows that thyme has estrogen receptor-binding activity and phytoestrogen content. However, this effect has not been observed in humans.
Summer Savory (Satureja hortensis) plant Oil
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
In vitro research suggests that summer savory extract inhibits platelet aggregation and adhesion. Theoretically, summer savory might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs. Some anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, ticlopidine (Ticlid), warfarin (Coumadin), and others.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for DDR Prime, from the product label.
doTERRA
See all doTERRA products- Name
- doTERRA Intl, LLC
- Street Address
- 389 S 1300 W
- City
- Pleasant Grove
- State
- UT
- ZipCode
- 84062
- Phone Number
- 1-800-411-8151
- Web Address
- www.doterra.com
DDR Prime by doTERRA: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind DDR Prime’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Frankincense
Frankincense is the aromatic resin of the Boswellia tree and is best known for its boswellic acids, which may help with inflammation and joint pain. Early research is promising for condition...
Read the full Frankincense monograph → Herb & supplement monographBitter Orange
Interacts with 957 drugsBitter orange is a citrus fruit whose extracts contain synephrine, a mild stimulant often added to weight-loss and energy supplements. Evidence that it works for weight loss or performance i...
Read the full Bitter Orange monograph → Herb & supplement monographThyme
Interacts with 379 drugsThyme is a common kitchen herb that has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and digestive complaints. It is generally safe in the amounts found in food, and some cough products that com...
Read the full Thyme monograph → Herb & supplement monographSummer Savory
Interacts with 122 drugsSummer savory is a common kitchen herb that has long been used as a tea or remedy for digestive complaints and minor infections. Food amounts are generally considered safe, but human studies...
Read the full Summer Savory monograph → Herb & supplement monographLemongrass
Interacts with 708 drugsLemongrass is a fragrant tropical grass widely used as a cooking herb, a tea, and an aromatherapy oil. It is generally considered safe in the small amounts used in food, but most of its clai...
Read the full Lemongrass monograph → Herb & supplement monographClove
Interacts with 977 drugsClove is a common cooking spice that is also used in traditional medicine, especially as a topical numbing agent for tooth pain thanks to its main compound, eugenol. Food amounts are general...
Read the full Clove monograph →Sources & How We Checked
DDR Prime's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 96 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Frankincense 2 references
- Acebo, E., Raton, J. A., Sautua, S., Eizaguirre, X., Trebol, I., and Perez, J. L. Allergic contact dermatitis from Boswellia serrata extract in a naturopathic cream. Contact Dermatitis 2004;51(2):91-92.
- Buonomo M, Hylwa S. Allergic contact dermatitis from Boswellia carterii (frankincense) oil. Contact Dermatitis 2021;85(4):465-467.
Bitter Orange 47 references
- Penzak SR, Jann MW, Cold JA, et al. Seville (sour) orange juice: synephrine content and cardiovascular effects in normotensive adults. J Clin Pharmacol 2001;41:1059-63. PubMed
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Calapai G, Firenzuoli F, Saitta A, et al. Antiobesity and cardiovascular toxic effects of Citrus aurantium extracts in the rat: A preliminary report. Fitoterapia 1999;70:586-92. DOI
- Keogh AM, Baron DW. Sympathomimetic abuse and coronary artery spasm. Br Med J 1985;291:940.
- Malhotra S, Bailey DG, Paine MF, Watkins PB. Seville orange juice-felodipine interaction: comparison with dilute grapefruit juice and involvement of furocoumarins. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001;69:14-23. PubMed
- Pellati F, Benvenuti S, Melegari M, Firenzuoli F. Determination of adrenergic agonists from extracts and herbal products of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara by LC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2002;29:1113-9. . PubMed
- Colker CM, Kalman DS, Torina GC, et al. Effects of Citrus aurantium extract, caffeine, and St. John's wort on body fat loss, lipid levels, and mood states in overweight healthy adults. Curr Ther Res 1999;60:145-153. DOI
- Penzak SR, Acosta EP, Turner M, et al. Effect of Seville orange juice and grapefruit juice on indinavir pharmacokinetics. J Clin Pharmacol 2002;42:1165-70. PubMed
- Edwards DJ, Fitzsimmons ME, Schuetz EG, et al. 6',7'-Dihydroxybergamottin in grapefruit juice and Seville orange juice: effects on cyclosporine disposition, enterocyte CYP3A4, and P-glycoprotein. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999;65:237-44. PubMed
- Di Marco MP, Edwards DJ, Wainer IW, Ducharme MP. The effect of grapefruit juice and seville orange juice on the pharmacokinetics of dextromethorphan: the role of gut CYP3A and P-glycoprotein. Life Sci 2002;71:1149-60. PubMed
- Visentin V, Morin N, Fontana E, et al. Dual action of octopamine on glucose transport into adipocytes: inhibition via beta3-adrenoceptor activation and stimulation via oxidation by amine oxidases. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001;299:96-104.
- Nykamp DL, Fackih MN, Compton AL. Possible association of acute lateral-wall myocardial infarction and bitter orange supplement. Ann Pharmacother 2004;38:812-6. PubMed
- Fugh-Berman A, Myers A. Citrus aurantium, an ingredient of dietary supplements marketed for weight loss: Current status of clinical and basic Research. Exp Biol Med 2004;229:698-704.
- Suzuki O, Matsumoto T, Oya M, Katsumata Y. Oxidation of synephrine by type A and type B monoamine oxidase. Experientia 1979;35:1283-4. PubMed
- Nasir JM, Durning SJ, Ferguson M, et al. Exercise-induced syncope associated with QT prolongation and ephedra-free Xenadrine. Mayo Clin Proc 2004;79:1059-62.. PubMed
- Firenzuoli F, Gori L, Galapai C. Adverse reaction to an adrenergic herbal extract (Citrus aurantium). Phytomedicine 2005;12:247-8. PubMed
- Bouchard NC, Howland MA, Greller HA, et al. Ischemic stroke associated with use of an ephedra-free dietary supplement containing synephrine. Mayo Clin Proc 2005;80:541-5. PubMed
- Haller CA, Benowitz NL, Jacob P 3rd. Hemodynamic effects of ephedra-free weight-loss supplements in humans. Am J Med 2005;118:998-1003.. PubMed
- Bui LT, Nguyen DT, Ambrose PJ. Blood pressure and heart rate effects following a single dose of bitter orange. Ann Pharmacother 2006;40:53-7. PubMed
- Min B, Cios D, Kluger J, White CM. Absence of QTc-interval-prolonging or hemodynamic effects of a single dose of bitter-orange extract in healthy subjects. Pharmacotherapy 2005;25:1719-24. PubMed
- Gange CA, Madias C, Felix-Getzik EM, et al. Variant angina associated with bitter orange in a dietary supplement. Mayo Clin Proc 2006;81:545-8. PubMed
- Jordan S, Murty M, Pilon K. Products containing bitter orange or synephrine: suspected cardiovascular adverse reactions. Canadian Adverse Reaction Newsletter 2004;14:3-4.
- Burke J, Seda G, Allen D, Knee TS. A case of severe exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis associated with a weight loss dietary supplement. Mil Med 2007;172:656-8. PubMed
- Gray, S. and Woolf, A. D. Citrus aurantium used for weight loss by an adolescent with anorexia nervosa. J Adolesc.Health 2005;37(5):414-415. PubMed
- Haller, C. A., Duan, M., Jacob, P., III, and Benowitz, N. Human pharmacology of a performance-enhancing dietary supplement under resting and exercise conditions. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;65(6):833-840. PubMed
- Thomas, J. E., Munir, J. A., McIntyre, P. Z., and Ferguson, M. A. STEMI in a 24-year-old man after use of a synephrine-containing dietary supplement: a case report and review of the literature. Tex.Heart Inst.J 2009;36(6):586-590.
- Campbell-Tofte, J. I., Molgaard, P., Josefsen, K., Abdallah, Z., Hansen, S. H., Cornett, C., Mu, H., Richter, E. A., Petersen, H. W., Norregaard, J. C., and Winther, K. Randomized and double-blinded pilot clinical study of the safety and anti-diabetic ef
- Seifert, J. G., Nelson, A., Devonish, J., Burke, E. R., and Stohs, S. J. Effect of acute administration of an herbal preparation on blood pressure and heart rate in humans. Int J Med Sci 2011;8(3):192-197. PubMed
- Stohs, S. J., Preuss, H. G., Keith, S. C., Keith, P. L., Miller, H., and Kaats, G. R. Effects of p-synephrine alone and in combination with selected bioflavonoids on resting metabolism, blood pressure, heart rate and self-reported mood changes. Int J Med
- Wason, S., DiGiacinto, J. L., and Davis, M. W. Effects of grapefruit and Seville orange juices on the pharmacokinetic properties of colchicine in healthy subjects. Clin Ther 2012;34(10):2161-2173. PubMed
- Kaats, G. R., Miller, H., Preuss, H. G., and Stohs, S. J. A 60day double-blind, placebo-controlled safety study involving Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) extract. Food Chem Toxicol. 2013;55:358-362.
- Calapai, G., Firenzuoli, F., Saitta, A., Squadrito, F. R., Arlotta, M., Costantino, G., and Inferrera, G. Antiobesity and cardiovascular toxic effects of Citrus aurantium extracts in the rat: a preliminary report. Fitoterapia 12-1-1999;70(6):586-592. DOI
- Colker, C., Kalman, D., and Torina, G. Effects of Citrus aurantium extract, caffeine, and St. John's Wort on body fat loss, lipid levels, and mood states in overweight healthy adults. Curr Ther Res 1999;60:145-153. DOI
- Shara M, Stohs SJ. Safety evaluation of Bitter orange extract (p-synephrine) in healthy volunteers. J.Amer.Coll.Nutr. 2011;30:358.
- Lynch B. Review of the safety of p-synephrine and caffeine. Intertek-Cantox Report, 2013;1-20.
- Smith TB, Staub BA, Natarajan GM, et al. Acute myocardial infarction associated with dietary supplements containing 1,3-dimethylamylamine and Citrus aurantium. Tex Heart Inst J 2014;41(1):70-2. PubMed
- Shara M, Stohs SJ, Mukattash TL. Cardiovascular safety of oral p-synephrine (bitter orange) in healthy subjects: a randomized placebo-controlled cross-over clinical trial. Phytother Res. 2016;30(5):842-7.
- Liu Y, Santillo MF. Cytochrome P450 2D6 and 3A4 enzyme inhibition by amine stimulants in dietary supplements. Drug Test Anal. 2016;8(3-4):307-10. PubMed
- Abdelkawy KS, Donia AM, Turner RB, Elbarbry F. Effects of Lemon and Seville Orange Juices on the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Sildenafil in Healthy Subjects. Drugs R D. 2016 Sep;16(3):271-278. PubMed
- Gutiérrez-Hellín J, Salinero JJ, Abían-Vicen J, Areces F, Lara B, Gallo C, et al. Acute consumption of p-synephrine does not enhance performance in sprint athletes.J. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(1):63-9. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0299.
- Jung YP, Earnest CP, Koozehchian M, et al. Effects of ingesting a pre-workout dietary supplement with and without synephrine for 8 weeks on training adaptations in resistance-trained males. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2017;3;14:1. doi: 10.1186/s12970-016-0158- PubMed
- Jung YP, Earnest CP, Koozehchian M, et al. Effects of acute ingestion of a pre-workout dietary supplement with and without synephrine on resting energy expenditure, cognitive function and exercise performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2017;14:3. doi: 10.118
- Vatsavai LK, Kilari EK. Interaction of p-synephrine on the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetics of gliclazide in animal models. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2017; S0975-9476(16)30487-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.04.010.
- Ratamess NA, Bush JA, Stohs SJ, et al. Acute cardiovascular effects of bitter orange extract (p-synephrine) consumed alone and in combination with caffeine in human subjects: A placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Phytother Res. 2018;32(1):94-102.
- Gutiérrez-Hellín J, Ruiz-Moreno C, Del Coso J. Acute p-synephrine ingestion increases whole-body fat oxidation during 1-h of cycling at Fatmax. Eur J Nutr. 2019 Nov 5. PubMed
- Karimzadeh Z, Azizzadeh Forouzi M, Tajadini H, Ahmadinejad M, Roy C, Dehghan M. Effects of lavender and Citrus aurantium on pain of conscious intensive care unit patients: a parallel randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Integr Med 2021:S2095-4964(21)000 PubMed
- Koncz D, Tóth B, Bahar MA, Roza O, Csupor D. The Safety and Efficacy of Citrus aurantium (Bitter Orange) Extracts and p-Synephrine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2022;14(19):4019. PubMed
Thyme 18 references
- Zava DT, Dollbaum CM, Blen M. Estrogen and progestin bioactivity of foods, herbs, and spices. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1998;217:369-78. PubMed
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Okazaki K, Kawazoe K, Takaishi Y. Human platelet aggregation inhibitors from thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Phytother Res 2002;16:398-9. .
- Spiewak R, Skorska C, Dutkiewicz J. Occupational airborne contact dermatitis caused by thyme dust. Contact Dermatitis 2001;44:235-9. . PubMed
- Ernst E, Marz R, Sieder C. A controlled multi-centre study of herbal versus synthetic secretolytic drugs for acute bronchitis. Phytomedicine 1997;4:287-93. PubMed
- Yamamoto J, Yamada K, Naemura A, et al. Testing various herbs for antithrombotic effect. Nutrition 2005;21(5):580-7. PubMed
- Tognolini, M., Barocelli, E., Ballabeni, V., Bruni, R., Bianchi, A., Chiavarini, M., and Impicciatore, M. Comparative screening of plant essential oils: phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity. Life Sci. 2-23-2006;78(13):1419-1432. PubMed
- Mackiewicz, B., Skorska, C., Dutkiewicz, J., Michnar, M., Milanowski, J., Prazmo, Z., Krysinska-Traczyk, E., and Cisak, E. Allergic alveolitis due to herb dust exposure. Ann Agric Environ Med 1999;6(2):167-170.
- Martinez-Gonzalez, M. C., Goday Bujan, J. J., Martinez, Gomez W., and Fonseca, Capdevila E. Concomitant allergic contact dermatitis due to Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) and Thymus vulgaris (thyme). Contact Dermatitis 2007;56(1):49-50.
- Jukic, M., Politeo, O., Maksimovic, M., Milos, M., and Milos, M. In vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties of thymol, carvacrol and their derivatives thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone. Phytother.Res 2007;21(3):259-261.
- Marzian, O. [Treatment of acute bronchitis in children and adolescents. Non-interventional postmarketing surveillance study confirms the benefit and safety of a syrup made of extracts from thyme and ivy leaves]. MMW.Fortschr.Med 6-28-2007;149(27-28 Suppl
- Cuzzolin, L. and Benoni, G. Attitudes and knowledge toward natural products safety in the pharmacy setting: an Italian study. Phytother.Res 2009;23(7):1018-1023. PubMed
- Berova, N., Stransky, L., and Krasteva, M. Studies on contact dermatitis in stomatological staff. Dermatol.Monatsschr. 1990;176(1):15-18.
- Smeenk, G., Kerckhoffs, H. P., and Schreurs, P. H. Contact allergy to a reaction product in Hirudoid cream: an example of compound allergy. Br.J Dermatol. 1987;116(2):223-231.
- Le Roy, R., Grosshans, E., and Foussereau, J. [Investigation of contact allergies in 100 cases of ulcus cruris (author's transl)]. Derm.Beruf.Umwelt. 1981;29(6):168-170.
- Lorenzi, S., Placucci, F., Vincenzi, C., Bardazzi, F., and Tosti, A. Allergic contact dermatitis due to thymol. Contact Dermatitis 1995;33(6):439-440. PubMed
- Bahadoran P, Rokni FK, Fahami F. Investigating the therapeutic effect of vaginal cream containing garlic and thyme compared to clotrimazole cream for the treatment of mycotic vaginitis. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2010;15(Suppl 1):343-9.
- Erol S, Aydin B, Dilli D, Okumus N, Zenciroglu A, Gündüz M. An interesting newborn case of fructose 1-6 diphosphatase deficiency triggered after thyme juice ingestion. Clin Lab. 2014;60(1):151-3. PubMed
Summer Savory 1 reference
- Yazdanparast, R. and Shahriyary, L. Comparative effects of Artemisia dracunculus, Satureja hortensis and Origanum majorana on inhibition of blood platelet adhesion, aggregation and secretion. Vascul.Pharmacol 2008;48(1):32-37. PubMed
Lemongrass 2 references
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Li CC, Yu HF, Chang CH, Liu YT, Yao HT. Effects of lemongrass oil and citral on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes, oxidative stress, and acetaminophen toxicity in rats. J Food Drug Anal 2018;26(1):432-8. PubMed
Clove 26 references
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from spices. Contact Dermatitis 1996;35:157-62. PubMed
- Chen SJ, Wang MH, Chen IJ. Antiplatelet and calcium inhibitory properties of eugenol and sodium eugenol acetate. Gen Pharmacol 1996;27:629-33. PubMed
- Malson JL, Lee EM, Murty R, et al. Clove cigarette smoking: biochemical, physiological, and subjective effects. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2003;74:739-45. PubMed
- Kirsch CM, Yenokida GG, Jensen WA, et al. Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema due to the intravenous administration of clove oil. Thorax 1990;45:235-6. PubMed
- Pallares, D. E. Link between clove cigarettes and urticaria? Postgrad.Med 10-1-1999;106(4):153. PubMed
- Barnard, D. R. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 1999;36(5):625-629. PubMed
- Sanchez-Perez, J. and Garcia-Diez, A. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from eugenol, oil of cinnamon and oil of cloves in a physiotherapist. Contact Dermatitis 1999;41(6):346-347. PubMed
- Andersen, K. E., Johansen, J. D., Bruze, M., Frosch, P. J., Goossens, A., Lepoittevin, J. P., Rastogi, S., White, I., and Menne, T. The time-dose-response relationship for elicitation of contact dermatitis in isoeugenol allergic individuals. Toxicol.Appl PubMed
- Alqareer, A., Alyahya, A., and Andersson, L. The effect of clove and benzocaine versus placebo as topical anesthetics. J Dent 2006;34(10):747-750. PubMed
- Lane, B. W., Ellenhorn, M. J., Hulbert, T. V., and McCarron, M. Clove oil ingestion in an infant. Hum.Exp Toxicol. 1991;10(4):291-294. PubMed
- Quirce, S., Fernandez-Nieto, M., del, Pozo, V, Sastre, B., and Sastre, J. Occupational asthma and rhinitis caused by eugenol in a hairdresser. Allergy 2008;63(1):137-138. PubMed
- Srivastava, K. C. and Malhotra, N. Acetyl eugenol, a component of oil of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L.) inhibits aggregation and alters arachidonic acid metabolism in human blood platelets. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 1991;42(1):73-81. PubMed
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