Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 1 of 2 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Solgar

Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract is a dietary supplement by Solgar with 2 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for sore throat and cough, heartburn and stomach upset, mouth ulcers and digestive complaints.Based on those ingredients, 1,040 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are standardized Deglycyrrhized Licorice extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract by Solgar

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract by Solgar — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract by Solgar

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 2 of its 2 active ingredients.
  • “standardized Deglycyrrhized Licorice extract” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (250 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

This product has 2 active ingredients. The main one is standardized deglycyrrhized licorice extract—that means most of the glycyrrhizin (the compound that causes side effects at high doses) has been removed.

The product also contains raw licorice powder and glycyrrhizin. It's made with vegetable cellulose capsules and includes vegetable magnesium stearate and a PhytO2X blend as inactive ingredients.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded Licorice's overall clinical evidence instead.

Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports Licorice for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredient's overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Atopic dermatitis (eczema) — rated "Possibly Effective" (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Canker sores — rated "Possibly Effective" (Natural Medicines).

The evidence here is mixed. Deglycyrrhized licorice is possibly effective for two uses: canker sores and atopic dermatitis (eczema).

For Addison disease and asthma, the data we have isn't reliable enough to rate whether it works. If you're considering this for one of those skin or mouth conditions, talk with your pharmacist or doctor about what the research actually shows for your situation.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Licorice

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 1 of the 1 matched ingredient.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 1 of 1.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 1 of 1.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

When used orally in food amounts, licorice is generally well tolerated. Deglycyrrhized licorice products in particular seem to be well tolerated when used appropriately for medicinal purposes.

The most common side effects are headache, nausea, and vomiting. Because this product contains glycyrrhizin (even though it's been reduced), the safety data advises against using it during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.

High doses or long-term use of glycyrrhizin can cause serious problems. A small number of people have reported contact dermatitis (an itchy rash) when applying licorice-containing products to the skin.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Licorice

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 1 of the 1 matched ingredient can interact with medications — Licorice.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; heart-rhythm medications.
  • For scale: 1,041 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, check your medications against digoxin (heart medication), warfarin or other blood thinners, CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 substrate drugs, loop diuretics, midazolam (a sedative), and cancer drugs like cisplatin and paclitaxel. All of these have Moderate-severity interactions documented with licorice.

Altogether, these interactions span 1,024 individual medications.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Deglycyrrhized licorice may help with canker sores or eczema, but it's not a sure thing. If you take any heart, blood thinner, sedative, or cancer medications, or if you use loop diuretics, check with your pharmacist first.

Definitely avoid it if you're pregnant or breastfeeding. This is one to verify against your specific medications before you start.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 1 of 2 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 24, 2015.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract, straight from the product label.

Brand Solgar
Barcode (UPC) 033984041189
Net contents 60 Vegetable Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Apr 24, 2015
DSLD ID 44423
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract by Solgar, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Vegetable Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Vegetable Capsule(s)
UPC/BARCODE
033984041189
IngredientAmount% DV
Total Carbohydrates1 Gram(s)1%
standardized Deglycyrrhized Licorice extract250 mg--
Glycyrrhizin3 mg--
raw Licorice powder225 mg--

Other ingredients: Vegetable Cellulose, Vegetable Magnesium Stearate, PhytO2X Blend

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Brand IP Statement(s)

STANDARDIZED - FULL POTENCY(TM)

PhytO2X(R) is a special blend of antioxidants, the purpose of which is to maintain the freshness of the ingredients.

Formula

(Glycyrrhiza glabra)

FDA Statement of Identity

HERBAL SUPPLEMENT

Formulation

SUITABLE FOR VEGETARIANS

Solgar’s Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract Vegetable Capsules are free of sugar, salt, yeast, wheat, soy, gluten, dairy and animal products and are formulated without the use of artificial preservatives, flavors or colors.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

SUGGESTED USE: As an herbal dietary supplement for adults, take one (1) vegetable capsule daily, preferably at mealtime, or as directed by a healthcare practitioner.

Precautions

If you are pregnant, nursing, taking any medication or have a medical condition, please consult your healtcare practitioner before taking any dietary supplement.

This product is not intended for those individuals with hypertension.

Keep out of reach of children.

DO NOT USE IF OUTER BOTTLE SEAL IS MISSING, TORN OR DAMAGED IN ANY WAY.

General Statements

Solgar’s Standardized • Full Potency (SFP) Herbs are developed through a unique process that integrates the ideologies of both traditional herbalism and standardized herbal technology. To ensure consistent and reliable phytonutrient levels, we isolate a controlled amount of these important active plant compounds. Then, we blend these enhanced, “standardized” compounds with all of the components that occur naturally in the whole raw herb. The result is a potent, premium-quality standardized herbal extract with all of the synergistic and beneficial qualities found in nature.

Since 1947

Storage

To assure freshness and potency, store at room temperature 59(0)-86(0)F (15(0)-30(0)C). Store away from heat, light and moisture.

General

04118US10PD

Seals/Symbols

PHYTO2X(R) SYSTEM

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract by Solgar label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract by Solgar

These are the 2 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Vegetable Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Standardized Deglycyrrhized Licorice extract

Interacts with
1,040 drugs
250 mg per serving

Licorice root is a traditional remedy used for sore throats, coughs, and digestive complaints, but solid human evidence is limited for most uses. Regu...

Standardized Deglycyrrhized Licorice extract monograph & interactions
  • › Glycyrrhizin

Raw Licorice powder

Interacts with
1,040 drugs
225 mg per serving

Licorice root is a traditional remedy used for sore throats, coughs, and digestive complaints, but solid human evidence is limited for most uses. Regu...

Raw Licorice powder monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Vegetable Cellulose, Vegetable Magnesium Stearate, PhytO2X Blend. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract by Solgar Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,040Drugs
977 Moderate 63 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

standardized Deglycyrrhized Licorice extract 1,040

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract interact with 1,040 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

1 of the 2 ingredients in Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. standardized Deglycyrrhized Licorice extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

standardized Deglycyrrhized Licorice extract18 drug types · 1,040 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
In human research, licorice increases blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Cisplatin (Platinol-Aq)

Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of cisplatin.
In animal research, licorice diminished the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Corticosteroids

Theoretically, concomitant use of licorice and corticosteroids might increase the side effects of corticosteroids.
Case reports suggest that concomitant use of licorice and oral corticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone, can potentiate the duration of activity and increase blood levels of corticosteroids. Additionally, in one case report, a patient with neurogenic orthostatic hypertension stabilized on fludrocortisone 0.1 mg twice daily developed pseudohyperaldosteronism after recent consumption of large amounts of black licorice.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (Cyp2B6) Substrates

Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2B6.
In vitro research shows that licorice extract and glabridin, a licorice constituent, inhibit CYP2B6 isoenzymes. Licorice extract from the species G. uralensis seems to inhibit CYP2B6 isoenzymes to a greater degree than G. glabra extract in vitro. Theoretically, these species of licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2B6; however, these interactions have not yet been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates

Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
In vitro, licorice extracts from the species G. glabra and G. uralensis inhibit CYP2C19 isoenzymes in vitro. Theoretically, these species of licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19; however, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (Cyp2C8) Substrates

Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C8.
In vitro, licorice extract from the species G. glabra and G. uralensis inhibits CYP2C8 isoenzymes. Theoretically, these species of licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C8; however, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
There is conflicting evidence about the effect of licorice on CYP2C9 enzyme activity. In vitro research shows that extracts from the licorice species G. glabra and G. uralensis moderately inhibit CYP2C9 isoenzymes. However, evidence from an animal model shows that licorice extract from the species G. uralensis can induce hepatic CYP2C9 activity. Until more is known, licorice should be used cautiously in people taking CYP2C9 substrates.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Pharmacokinetic research shows that the licorice constituent glycyrrhizin, taken in a dosage of 150 mg orally twice daily for 14 days, modestly decreases the area under the concentration-time curve of midazolam by about 20%. Midazolam is a substrate of CYP3A4, suggesting that glycyrrhizin modestly induces CYP3A4 activity. Animal research also shows that licorice extract from the species G. uralensis induces CYP3A4 activity. However, licorice extract from G. glabra species appear to inhibit CYP3A4-induced metabolism of testosterone in vitro. It is thought that the G. glabra inhibits CYP3A4 due to its constituent glabridin, which is a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor in vitro and not present in other licorice species. Until more is known, licorice should be used cautiously in people taking CYP3A4 substrates.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Theoretically, concomitant use of licorice with digoxin might increase the risk of cardiac toxicity.
Overuse or misuse of licorice with cardiac glycoside therapy might increase the risk of cardiac toxicity due to potassium loss.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of licorice with diuretic drugs might increase the risk of hypokalemia.
Overuse of licorice might compound diuretic-induced potassium loss. In one case report, a 72-year-old male with a past medical history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, arrhythmia, stroke, and hepatic dysfunction was hospitalized with severe hypokalemia and uncontrolled hypertension due to pseudohyperaldosteronism. This was thought to be provoked by concomitant daily consumption of a product containing 225 mg of glycyrrhizin, a constituent of licorice, and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg for 1 month.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease the effects of estrogen therapy.
Theoretically, licorice might interfere with estrogen therapy due to estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Loop Diuretics

Theoretically, loop diuretics might increase the mineralocorticoid effects of licorice.
Theoretically, loop diuretics might enhance the mineralocorticoid effects of licorice by inhibiting the enzyme that converts cortisol to cortisone; however, bumetanide (Bumex) does not appear to have this effect.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Midazolam (Versed)

Theoretically, licorice might decrease levels of midazolam.
In humans, the licorice constituent glycyrrhizin appears to moderately induce the metabolism of midazolam. This is likely due to induction of cytochrome P450 3A4 by licorice. Until more is known, licorice should be used cautiously in people taking midazolam.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
P-Glycoprotein Substrates

Theoretically, licorice might decrease the absorption of P-glycoprotein substrates.
In vitro research shows that licorice can increase P-glycoprotein activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Paclitaxel (Abraxane, Onxol)

Theoretically, licorice might decrease plasma levels and clinical effects of paclitaxel.
Multiple doses of licorice taken concomitantly with paclitaxel might reduce the effectiveness of paclitaxel. Animal research shows that licorice 3 grams/kg given orally for 14 days before intravenous administration of paclitaxel decreases the exposure to paclitaxel and increases its clearance. Theoretically, this occurs because licorice induces cytochrome P450 3A4 enzymes, which metabolize paclitaxel. Notably, a single dose of licorice did not affect exposure or clearance of paclitaxel.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, licorice might decrease plasma levels and clinical effects of warfarin.
Licorice seems to increase metabolism and decrease levels of warfarin in animal models. This is likely due to induction of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) metabolism by licorice. Advise patients taking warfarin to avoid taking licorice.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that licorice induces CYP1A2 enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Methotrexate (Trexall, Others)

Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of methotrexate.
Animal research suggests that intravenous administration of glycyrrhizin, a licorice constituent, and high-dose methotrexate may delay methotrexate excretion and increase systemic exposure, leading to transient elevations in liver enzymes and total bilirubin. This interaction has not yet been reported in humans.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
standardized Deglycyrrhized Licorice extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract, from the product label.

Solgar

See all Solgar products
Phone Number
1-877-765-4274
Web Address
www.solgar.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract by Solgar: Common Questions

Does Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract by Solgar interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract has a known interaction with 1,040 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract contains 2 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is deglycyrrhized licorice safer than regular licorice?
Yes—most of the glycyrrhizin (the compound that causes problems at high doses) has been removed. Deglycyrrhized licorice is generally well tolerated when used appropriately. But this product does contain some raw licorice powder and glycyrrhizin, so long-term or high-dose use can still cause issues.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
No. The safety data advises against using this product during pregnancy or while breastfeeding because of the glycyrrhizin it contains. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice.
What are the side effects?
Most common are headache, nausea, and vomiting when taken by mouth. A small number of people have reported contact dermatitis (an itchy rash) from applying licorice-containing products to the skin. Serious side effects are rare.
Does this actually work for canker sores and eczema?
The evidence suggests it's possibly effective for both, but it's not proven. If you're considering it for one of these conditions, ask your pharmacist or doctor whether the current research supports trying it for your situation.
Why can't you check the glycyrrhizin ingredient?
We don't hold a monograph—detailed interaction data—for glycyrrhizin by itself, so we can't tell you whether it adds its own drug interactions to this product. That's another reason to run your medications through our checker on this page.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Licorice

Interacts with 1,040 drugs

Licorice root is a traditional remedy used for sore throats, coughs, and digestive complaints, but solid human evidence is limited for most uses. Regular licorice contains glycyrrhizin, whic...

Read the full Licorice monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Deglycyrrhized Licorice Root Extract's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 92 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Licorice 92 references
  1. Farese RV Jr, Biglieri EG, Shackleton CH, et al. Licorice-induced hypermineralocorticoidism. N Engl J Med 1991;325:1223-7. PubMed
  2. Sigurjonsdottir HA, Ragnarsson J, Franzson L, Sigurdsson G. Is blood pressure commonly raised by moderate consumption of liquorice? J Hum Hypertens 1995;9:345-8.
  3. Armanini D, Lewicka S, Pratesi C, et al. Further studies on the mechanism of the mineralocorticoid action of licorice in humans. J Endocrinol Invest 1996;19:624-9. PubMed
  4. Zhang YD, Lorenzo B, Reidenberg MM. Inhibition of 11 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase obtained from guinea pig kidney by furosemide, naringenin and some other compounds. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1994;49:81-5.
  5. Strandberg TE, Jarvenpaa AL, Vanhanen H, McKeigue PM. Birth outcome in relation to licorice consumption during pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:1085-8. PubMed
  6. Sigurjonsdottir HA, Franzson L, Manhem K, et al. Liquorice-induced rise in blood pressure: a linear dose-response relationship. J Hum Hypertens 2001;15:549-52. PubMed
  7. Amato P, Christophe S, Mellon PL. Estrogenic activity of herbs commonly used as remedies for menopausal symptoms. Menopause 2002;9:145-50. PubMed
  8. Kent UM, Aviram M, Rosenblat M, Hollenberg PF. The licorice root derived isoflavan glabridin inhibits the activities of human cytochrome P450S 3A4, 2B6, and 2C9. Drug Metab Dispos 2002;30:709-15.. PubMed
  9. Yoshida S, Takayama Y. Licorice-induced hypokalemia as a treatable cause of dropped head syndrome. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2003;105:286-7.. PubMed
  10. Strandberg TE, Andersson S, Jarvenpaa AL, et al. Preterm birth and licorice consumption during pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2002;156:803-5.. PubMed
  11. Hussain RM. The sweet cake that reaches parts other cakes can't! Postgrad Med J 2003;79:115-6.. PubMed
  12. Morris DJ, Davis E, Latif SA. Licorice, tobacco chewing, and hypertension. N Engl J Med 1990;322:849-50. PubMed
  13. Quinkler M, Stewart PM. Hypertension and the cortisol-cortisone shuttle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:2384-92. PubMed
  14. Westman EC, Guthrie GP. Licorice, tobacco chewing, and hypertension. N Engl J Med 1990;322:850. PubMed
  15. Mu Y, Zhang J, Zhang S, et al. Traditional Chinese medicines Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra chinensis Baill) and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) activate pregnane X receptor and increase warfarin clearance in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006;316:1369-77. PubMed
  16. Yasue H, Itoh T, Mizuno Y, Harada E. Severe hypokalemia, rhabdomyolysis, muscle paralysis, and respiratory impairment in a hypertensive patient taking herbal medicines containing licorice. Intern Med 2007;46:575-8. PubMed
  17. Brayley J, Jones J. Life-threatening hypokalemia associated with excessive licorice ingestion (letter). Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:617-8. PubMed
  18. de Klerk GJ, Nieuwenhuis G, Beutler JJ. Hypokalaemia and hypertension associated with use of liquorice flavoured chewing gum. BMJ 1997;314:731-2.
  19. Dellow EL, Unwin RJ, Honour JW. Pontefract cakes can be bad for you: refractory hypertension and liquorice excess. Nephol Dial Transplant 1999;14:218-20. PubMed
  20. Elinav E, Chajek-Shaul T. Licorice consumption causing severe hypokalemic paralysis. Mayo Clin Proc 2003;78:767-8. PubMed
  21. Eriksson JW, Carlberg B, Hillom V. Life-threatening ventricular tachycardia due to liquorice-induced hypokalemia. J Intern Med 1999;245:307-10.
  22. Janse A, van Iersel M, Hoefnagels WH, Olde Rikker MG. The old lady who liked liquorice: hypertension due to chronic intoxication in a memory-impaired patient. Neth J Med 2005;63:149-50.
  23. Lin SH, Yang SS, Chau T, Halperin ML. An unusual cause of hypokalemic paralysis: chronic licorice ingestion. Am J Med Sci 2003;325:153-6. PubMed
  24. van den Bosch AE, van der Klooster JM, Zuidgeest DM, et al. Severe hypokalemic paralysis and rhabdomyolysis due to ingestion of liquorice. Neth J Med 2005;63:146-8.
  25. van Uum SH. Liquorice and hypertension. Neth J Med 2005;63:119-20.
  26. Russo S, Mastropasqua M, Mosetti MA, et al. Low doses of liquorice can induce hypertension encephalopathy. Am J Nephrol 2000;20:145-8. PubMed
  27. Stormer FC, Reistad R, Alexander J. Glycyrrhizic acid in liquorice - evaluation of health hazard. Food Chem Toxicol 1993;31:303-12. PubMed
  28. Sontia B, Mooney J, Gaudet L, Touyz RM. Pseudohyperaldosteronism, liquorice, and hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2008;10:153-7. PubMed
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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