Gluten Arrest Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Promend
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Gluten Arrest against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Gluten Arrest is a dietary supplement by Promend with 1 active ingredient.Based on those ingredients, 141 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Gluten Arrest by Promend
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Gluten Arrest by Promend — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Gluten Arrest by Promend
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Gluten Arrest contains eight active ingredients, most of them enzymes that help break down food. Lipase breaks down fats, papain and bromelain digest proteins, lactase breaks down milk sugar, cellulase digests plant fiber, alpha galactosidase reduces complex sugars, protease further breaks down proteins, and amylase digests starches.
The product also includes a proprietary blend and two additional formulations (SEB Gluten Relief and DPP-IV) whose exact composition isn't disclosed separately, so we can't detail their roles. The capsule also contains inactive ingredients — microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, maltodextrin, and hypromellose — which are fillers, binders, and the capsule shell itself.
Does it work?
Strong evidence
The evidence we hold is limited. Lactase is effective for lactose intolerance — if you can't digest milk sugar, this enzyme does the job.
For the other active ingredients, the data shows insufficient reliable evidence to rate their effectiveness for digestive complaints like indigestion or inflammatory bowel disease. We don't have effectiveness ratings on file for protease, and the proprietary blends' individual components aren't broken out, so we can't assess their specific claims.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Lipase, papain, bromelain, lactase, and protease are generally well tolerated short-term at appropriate doses, though allergic reactions can occur in sensitive people — especially to papain and bromelain, which may trigger itching, hives, or rarely respiratory symptoms with airborne exposure. High doses of papain can cause severe stomach irritation or esophageal perforation, and bromelain may cause diarrhea, gas, or stomach upset.
For pregnancy: concentrated papain and unripe papaya products should be avoided. Bromelain is best avoided — safety data is too limited.
Lactase is likely safe. Lipase, protease, and the others don't have enough data, so talk with your doctor before regular use in pregnancy.
For breastfeeding, papain and protease lack reliable safety data and aren't recommended without medical advice. Lactase has limited data but acts only in the gut; ask your doctor or pharmacist first.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking Gluten Arrest, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take warfarin or other anticoagulants (blood thinners). Also check if you take antiplatelet drugs like aspirin or clopidogrel — bromelain may increase bleeding risk.
If you take tetracycline antibiotics, confirm there's no issue, as bromelain may raise their levels. If you take a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory like naproxen, talk it over too.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Gluten Arrest is a multi-enzyme digestive aid, most useful if you're deficient in one of these enzymes — especially lactase if you have trouble digesting milk. If you take warfarin, any blood thinner or antiplatelet drug, or tetracycline antibiotics, you need to check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking it.
The product is generally well tolerated but can trigger allergic reactions in sensitive people, and its effectiveness for general digestive complaints isn't well established in the data we hold.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 5 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Feb 23, 2022.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Gluten Arrest, straight from the product label.
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Gluten Arrest by Promend, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Lipase | 0 NP | -- |
| Papain | 0 NP | -- |
| Bromelain | 0 NP | -- |
| Lactase | 0 NP | -- |
| Cellulase | 0 NP | -- |
| Proprietary Enzyme Blend | 300 mg | -- |
| Alpha Galactosidase | 0 NP | -- |
| Protease | 0 NP | -- |
| SEB Gluten Relief | 0 NP | -- |
| DPP-IV | 0 NP | -- |
| Amylase | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Magnesium Stearate, Maltodextrin, Hypromellose
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements
Helps you enjoy your favorite foods!
Formulation
Gluten digestion support
Helps digest wheat & other grains Promotes digestive balance Defends against hidden gluten Breaks down gluten proteins Supports a gluten sensitive diet
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Formula
Proprietary DPP-IV Enzymes 30 fast acting capsules
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: Take 1 capsule with each meal or as directed by a health care professional.
Precautions
Produced in a facility that also processes soy, fish, shellfish, milk, peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, eggs.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Gluten Arrest by Promend label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Gluten Arrest by Promend
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.
Proprietary Enzyme Blend
- › SEB Gluten Relief
Other (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Magnesium Stearate, Maltodextrin, Hypromellose. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Gluten Arrest by Promend Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Gluten Arrest by Promend interacts with medications through its papain and bromelain content.
The most serious concern is papain with warfarin (Coumadin), a blood thinner — papain may increase warfarin's effects and side effects, raising your bleeding risk. One case documented a patient's INR (a measure of how thin the blood is) jump to 7.4 after taking papain.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Bromelain, another active ingredient, may increase bleeding risk if you take anticoagulants (blood thinners) or antiplatelets like aspirin or clopidogrel. There's a case report of minor bruising in someone combining bromelain with naproxen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory.
Bromelain may also theoretically raise tetracycline antibiotic levels, though a study in healthy adults found no practical difference.
Lipase, lactase, and protease have no documented interactions in our data. We could not check cellulase, alpha galactosidase, or amylase — we hold no interaction data for those.
Altogether, these interactions span 141 individual medications.
If you take warfarin, any blood thinner, antiplatelet, tetracycline antibiotic, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, run this product and your exact medications through the checker on this page before you start, or talk it over with your doctor or pharmacist.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Gluten Arrest?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Gluten Arrest interact with 141 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
0 of the 1 ingredient in Gluten Arrest interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible.
Diclofenac Sodium, MisoprostolArthrotec 50, Arthrotec 75
How Diclofenac Sodium, Misoprostol interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Diclofenac Sodium, Misoprostol interactionDiclofenac EpolamineFlector, Licart
How Diclofenac Epolamine interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Diclofenac Epolamine interactionDicumarolDicumarol
How Dicumarol interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Dicumarol interactionDiphenhydramine Hydrochloride, Naproxen SodiumAleve PM
How Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride, Naproxen Sodium interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride, Naproxen Sodium interactionDipyridamoleDipyridamole, Persantin, Persantin Injection, Persantin Retard, Persantine
How Dipyridamole interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Dipyridamole interactionEdoxabanSavaysa
How Edoxaban interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Edoxaban interactionEffientPrasugrel
How Effient interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Effient interactionEnoxaparinLovenox
How Enoxaparin interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Enoxaparin interactionEptifibatideIntegrilin
How Eptifibatide interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Eptifibatide interactionEsomeprazole, NaproxenVimovo
How Esomeprazole, Naproxen interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Esomeprazole, Naproxen interactionFamotidine, IbuprofenDuexis
How Famotidine, Ibuprofen interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Famotidine, Ibuprofen interactionFish Oil TriglyceridesOmegaven
How Fish Oil Triglycerides interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Fish Oil Triglycerides interactionFondaparinuxArixtra
How Fondaparinux interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Fondaparinux interactionHeparinHeparin
How Heparin interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Heparin interactionHydrocodone, IbuprofenVicoprofen
How Hydrocodone, Ibuprofen interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Hydrocodone, Ibuprofen interactionIbrutinibImbruvica
How Ibrutinib interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Ibrutinib interactionIbuprofenAdvil, Arthrofen, Brufen, Brufen Retard, Calodor, Calprofen +14 more
How Ibuprofen interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Ibuprofen interactionIbuprofen LysineNeoProfen
How Ibuprofen Lysine interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Ibuprofen Lysine interactionIbuprofen, AcetaminophenAdvil Dual Action
How Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen interactionIbuprofen, HydrocodoneIbucodone
How Ibuprofen, Hydrocodone interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Ibuprofen, Hydrocodone interactionIbuprofen, OxycodoneCombunox
How Ibuprofen, Oxycodone interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Ibuprofen, Oxycodone interactionIbuprofen, PseudoephedrineDristan
How Ibuprofen, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Ibuprofen, Pseudoephedrine interactionIcosapent Ethyl (prescription Drug)Vascepa
How Icosapent Ethyl (prescription Drug) interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Icosapent Ethyl (prescription Drug) interactionIloprostAurlumyn, Ventavis
How Iloprost interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Iloprost interactionInotersenTegsedi
How Inotersen interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Inotersen interactionKetoprofenOrudis, Oruvail Gel, Oruvail Injection, Powergel
How Ketoprofen interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Ketoprofen interactionLepirudinRefludan
How Lepirudin interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Lepirudin interactionMinocyclineAcnamino MR, Aknemin, Amzeeq, Arestin Miscrosperes, Dynacin, Minocin +6 more
How Minocycline interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Tetracycline Antibiotics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Minocycline interactionNadroparinFraxiparine
How Nadroparin interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Nadroparin interactionNaproxenAleve, Anaprox, Anaprox DS, Arthroxen, EC-Naprosyn, Naprelan +7 more
How Naproxen interacts with Gluten Arrest — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Naproxen interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Gluten Arrest with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Gluten Arrest, from the product label.
Gluten Arrest by Promend: Common Questions
Does Gluten Arrest by Promend interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Will this help if I have gluten sensitivity?
Can I take this if I'm pregnant?
What's papain, and why does it interact with warfarin?
Can I breastfeed while taking this?
What are the most common side effects?
Is this safe for long-term use?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Gluten Arrest is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
Sources & How We Checked
Gluten Arrest's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 35 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Lipase 1 reference
- Casper C, Hascoet JM, Ertl T, et al. Recombinant bile salt-stimulated lipase in preterm infant feeding: A randomized phase 3 study. PLoS One. 2016;11(5):e0156071. PubMed
Papain 11 references
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Shaw D, Leon C, Kolev S, Murray V. Traditional remedies and food supplements: a 5-year toxicological study (1991-1995). Drug Saf 1997;17:342-56.
- Shuttleworth D, Hill S, Marks R, Connelly DM. Relief of experimentally induced pruritus with a novel eutectic mixture of local anaesthetic agents. Br J Dermatol 1988;119:535-40.
- Mansfield LE, Ting S, Haverly RW, Yoo TJ. The incidence and clinical implications of hypersensitivity to papain in an allergic population, confirmed by blinded oral challenge. Ann Allergy 1985;55:541-3.
- Martin, T., Uhder, K., Kurek, R., Roeddiger, S., Schneider, L., Vogt, H. G., Heyd, R., and Zamboglou, N. Does prophylactic treatment with proteolytic enzymes reduce acute toxicity of adjuvant pelvic irradiation? Results of a double-blind randomized trial PubMed
- Walker-Renard, P. Update on the medicinal management of phytobezoars. Am J Gastroenterol. 1993;88(10):1663-1666.
- Tymoszuk D, Wiszniewska M, Walusiak-Skorupa J. Papain-induced occupational rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma - A case report. Med Pr 2016;67(1):109-12. PubMed
- Soto-Mera MT, López-Rico MR, Filgueira JF, et al. Occupational allergy to papain. Allergy 2000;55(10):983-4. PubMed
- Tarlo SM, Shaikh W, Bell B, et al. Papain-induced allergic reactions. Clin Allergy 1978;8(3):207-15. PubMed
- Baur X, König G, Bencze K, Fruhmann G. Clinical symptoms and results of skin test, RAST and bronchial provocation test in thirty-three papain workers: Evidence for strong immunogenic potency and clinically relevant proteolytic e?ects of airborne papain. C
- Novey HS, Keenan WJ, Fairshter RD, Wells ID, Wilson AF, Culver BD. Pulmonary disease in workers exposed to papain: clinico-physiological and immunological studies. Clin Allergy 1980;10(6):721-31. PubMed
Bromelain 19 references
- Nettis E, Napoli G, Ferrannini A, Tursi A. IgE-mediated allergy to bromelain. Allergy 2001;56:257-8. PubMed
- Taussig SJ, Batkin S. Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple (Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. J Ethnopharmacol 1988;22:191-203.. PubMed
- Bradbrook ID, Morrison PJ, Rogers HJ. The effect of bromelain on the absorption of orally administered tetracycline. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1978;6:552-4. PubMed
- Bush TM, Rayburn KS, Holloway SW, et al. Adverse interactions between herbal and dietary substances and prescription medications: a clinical survey. Altern Ther Health Med 2007;13:30-5.
- Brien S, Lewith G, Walker AF, et al. Bromelain as an adjunctive treatment for moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. QJM 2006;99:841-50. PubMed
- Mori S, Ojima Y, Hirose T, et al. The clinical effect of proteolytic enzyme containing bromelain and trypsin on urinary tract infection evaluated by double blind method. Acta Obstet Gynaecol Jpn 1972;19:147-53.
- Glaser D, Hilberg T. The influence of bromelain on platelet count and platelet activity in vitro. Platelets 2006;17:37-41. PubMed
- Heinicke R M, van der Wal L, Yokoyama M. Effect of bromelain (Ananase) on human platelet aggregation. Experientia 1972;28:844-5. PubMed
- Gailhofer, G., Wilders-Truschnig, M., Smolle, J., and Ludvan, M. Asthma caused by bromelain: an occupational allergy. Clin Allergy 1988;18(5):445-450. PubMed
- Mattei, O., Fabri, G., and Farina, G. [Occupational health experience regarding four cases of asthma due to bromelain (author's transl)]. Medicina del Lavoro 1979;70(5):404-409.
- Galleguillos, F. and Rodriguez, J. C. Asthma caused by bromelin inhalation. Clin Allergy 1978;8(1):21-24. PubMed
- Perez-Camo I, Quirce S, Duran MA, and et al. Latex allergy: evidence of cross-reactivity with papain and bromelain [abstract]. Allergy 1996;51(suppl 31):48.
- Martin GJ, Ehrenreich J, and Asbell N. Bromelain: pineapple proteases with anti-edema activity. Exp Med Surg 1962;20:227-247.
- Kasemsuk T, Saengpetch N, Sibmooh N, Unchern S. Improved WOMAC score following 16-week treatment with bromelain for knee osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2016 Oct;35(10):2531-40. PubMed
- Kutlu Ö, DemirbaS A, Elmas ÖF, Güvenç U, Metin A. Fixed drug eruption: a new side effect of bromelain. Contact Dermatitis 2020. Online ahead of print. PubMed
- Shoham Y, Shapira E, Haik J, et al. Bromelain-based enzymatic debridement of chronic wounds: Results of a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Wound Repair Regen 2021;29(6):899-907. PubMed
- Pfister P, Garcia Wendel PD, Kim BS, et al. Coagulation side effects of enzymatic debridement in burned patients. Burns 2022. PubMed
- Hasham S, Riyat H, Fletcher A, O'Boyle CP, Alexander S. To bleed or not to bleed? Case series and discussion of haemorrhage risk with enzymatic debridement in burn injuries. Scars Burn Heal 2023;9:20595131231168333. PubMed
- Leelakanok N, Petchsomrit A, Janurai T, Saechan C, Sunsandee N. Efficacy and safety of bromelain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Health 2023. PubMed
Lactase 1 reference
- Laukkanen A, Ruoppi P, Remes S, Koistinen T, Mäkinen-Kiljunen S. Lactase-induced occupational protein contact dermatitis and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Contact Dermatitis. 2007;57(2):89-93. PubMed
Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) 3 references
- Weeks JA, Harper RA, Simon RA, Burdick JD. Assessment of sensitization risk of a laundry pre-spotter containing protease. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2011;30(4):272-9. PubMed
- Marquès LI, Lara S, Abós T, Bartolomé B. Occupational rhinitis due to pepsin. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2006;16(2):136-7. DOI
- Cartier A, Malo JL, Pineau L, Dolovich J. Occupational asthma due to pepsin. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1984;73(5 Pt 1):574-7. PubMed
See these in context on the Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph →
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
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