Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 6 of 8 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Kidney Tonic Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Pacific BioLogic

Kidney Tonic label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 30, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Kidney Tonic against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Kidney Tonic is a dietary supplement by Pacific BioLogic with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for promoting urination (diuretic), fluid retention and swelling, urinary discomfort.Based on those ingredients, 1,541 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Moutan, Cinnamon, Poria. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Kidney Tonic by Pacific BioLogic

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Kidney Tonic by Pacific BioLogic — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Kidney Tonic by Pacific BioLogic

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Aug 13, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 8 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (500 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Kidney Tonic contains 8 ingredients, most in a proprietary blend, so you won't see individual amounts on the label. The active ingredients include Asian Water Plantain, Poria (a medicinal mushroom), Rehmannia (a traditional root), Chinese Yam, Asiatic Dogwood, Moutan (Peony root), Monkshood, and Cinnamon.

The capsules themselves are made from plant origin material.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) — rated "Possibly Effective" (Rehmannia) (Natural Medicines).

The evidence for this formula is sparse. Rehmannia shows possibly effective evidence for chronic kidney disease — the main condition the product targets — but for everything else (diabetes, diabetic kidney disease, chronic fatigue, dementia, and more), the other ingredients have insufficient reliable evidence to rate their effectiveness.

In short, the only ingredient with a reasonable evidence foothold for kidney support is Rehmannia, but the formula as a whole hasn't been studied as a unit.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Asian Water Plantain Poria Mushroom Rehmannia Peony Aconite Cassia Cinnamon

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 6 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 6 of 6.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 6 of 6.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Several safety red flags stand out. Monkshood is extremely toxic and can be fatal even in small doses — the data advises against use entirely during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and frankly, period.

Asian Water Plantain has limited human safety data; high or long-term use may stress the kidneys or liver, and one case report linked a combination product containing it to severe liver and kidney failure, though it's unclear if Asian Water Plantain alone was responsible. The data advises against it in pregnancy and while breastfeeding.

Poria is generally well tolerated in traditional use but has limited human safety data; rare allergic reactions (allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma) have been reported. Rehmannia and Moutan (Peony) are generally considered well tolerated for short-term use, though Peony can cause gastrointestinal upset (nausea, diarrhea, abdominal bloating) in some people, and one case report linked a combination product containing Peony to serious bleeding in someone on warfarin.

Cinnamon is generally safe in food amounts, but supplement doses high in coumarin may harm the liver over time. Pregnancy and breastfeeding safety data are insufficient or advise against use for most ingredients here.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Asian Water Plantain Poria Mushroom Rehmannia Peony Aconite Cassia Cinnamon

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 6 of the 6 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Peony, Poria Mushroom, Asian Water Plantain, Aconite, Cassia Cinnamon, among others.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 1,542 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take Kidney Tonic, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take any of the following: blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (like warfarin or aspirin) — Peony and Monkshood may increase bleeding risk; stimulant drugs — Monkshood may amplify effects or raise cardiovascular toxicity; blood pressure medications — Rehmannia may lower blood pressure further; diabetes medications — Rehmannia and Cinnamon may lower blood sugar further; sedatives or CNS depressants — Poria may enhance their effects; anticholinergic or cholinergic drugs — Poria may theoretically interfere; drugs metabolized by liver enzymes CYP1A2 or CYP3A4 (including clozapine) — Peony may raise their levels; phenytoin (Dilantin) — Peony may lower its levels; hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy — Moutan (Peony) may interfere; and drugs that stress the liver — Cinnamon at high doses may add to liver harm. This list is not exhaustive; use the medication checker on this page.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product targets kidney health, and Rehmannia does carry some evidence for chronic kidney disease. However, the presence of Monkshood — which is extremely toxic — makes this formula risky and something you should not use without explicit discussion with your doctor or pharmacist first.

Even without Monkshood, several other ingredients have limited safety data and potential to stress the kidneys or liver, especially at high or long-term doses. If you have kidney disease, liver disease, take blood thinners, diabetes medications, blood pressure medications, sedatives, or hormonal contraceptives, this product requires careful review with your own healthcare provider before starting.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 6 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 23, 2020.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Kidney Tonic, straight from the product label.

Brand Pacific BioLogic
Barcode (UPC) 065367421196
Net contents 100 Vegetarian Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Apr 23, 2020
DSLD ID 218477
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Kidney Tonic by Pacific BioLogic, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
4 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
25
UPC/BARCODE
065367421196
IngredientAmount% DV
Proprietary Blend500 mg--
Asian Water Plantain0 NP--
Poria0 NP--
Rehmannia0 NP--
Chinese Yam0 NP--
Asiatic Dogwood0 NP--
Moutan0 NP--
Monkshood0 NP--
Cinnamon0 NP--

Other ingredients: Capsules of plant origin

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Dosage: 2-4 capsules 3 times daily between meals.

Precautions

Caution: If pregnant or nursing, consult your healthcare provider before using this, or any other product.

To report a serious adverse event or obtain product information, contact (800) 869-8783

Formulation

Kidney Tonic is a proprietary formula of Pacific BioLogic Co. manufactured in an FDA compliant facility in the United States of America from imported and domestic ingredients

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place, do not refrigerate.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

General Statements

Powerful tools for gentle healing 500 mg

FDA Statement of Identity

Herbal Supplement

Seals/Symbols

Product of USA

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Kidney Tonic by Pacific BioLogic label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Kidney Tonic label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Kidney Tonic by Pacific BioLogic

These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container25 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Blend

500 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Capsules of plant origin. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Kidney Tonic by Pacific BioLogic Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Kidney Tonic?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,541Drugs
1,451 Moderate 90 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Moutan 811
Cinnamon 442
Poria 417
Asian Water Plantain 355
Monkshood 278

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Kidney Tonic interact with 1,541 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

6 of the 8 ingredients in Kidney Tonic interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Moutan Cinnamon Poria Asian Water Plantain Monkshood Rehmannia

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Kidney Tonic with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Moutan7 drug types · 811 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, combining peony with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might increase the risk of bleeding.
In vitro research suggests that peony might have antiplatelet, anticoagulant, and antithrombotic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Clozapine (Clozaril)

Theoretically, peony might increase the levels and clinical effects of clozapine.
In vitro research shows that peony suppresses the metabolism of clozapine via weak-to-moderate inhibitory effects on cytochromes P450 (CYP) 1A2 and CYP3A4. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Theoretically, peony might interfere with contraceptive drugs due to competition for estrogen receptors.
In vitro and animal research shows that peony extract has estrogenic activity. Concomitant use might also increase the risk for estrogen-related adverse effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, use of peony may increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that peony suppresses the metabolism of clozapine via weak-to-moderate inhibitory effects on CYP1A2 and CYP3A4. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, use of peony may increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that peony suppresses the metabolism of clozapine via weak-to-moderate inhibitory effects on CYP1A2 and CYP3A4. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of peony might interfere with hormone replacement therapy and/or increase the risk for estrogen-related adverse effects.
In vitro and animal research shows that peony extract has estrogenic activity. Theoretically, peony might compete for estrogen receptors and/or cause additive estrogenic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Theoretically, peony might reduce the levels and clinical effects of phenytoin.
Animal research shows that taking peony root reduces levels of phenytoin. Some researchers suggest that peony root might affect cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9, which metabolizes phenytoin. However, preliminary research in humans shows that peony root does not alter levels of losartan (Cozaar), which is also metabolized by CYP2C9.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Moutan full monograph & interactions

Cinnamon2 drug types · 442 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, cassia cinnamon may have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs.
Cassia cinnamon may lower blood glucose levels, and have additive effects in patients treated with antidiabetic agents. Dose adjustments to diabetes medications might be necessary.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Hepatotoxic Drugs

Theoretically, large doses of cassia cinnamon might cause additive effects when used with hepatotoxic drugs.
There is some concern that ingesting large amounts of cassia cinnamon for an extended duration might cause hepatotoxicity in some people. Cassia cinnamon contains coumarin, which can cause hepatotoxicity in animal models. In humans, very high doses of coumarin from 50-7000 mg/day can result in hepatotoxicity that resolves when coumarin use is discontinued. Lower amounts might also cause liver problems in sensitive people, such as those with liver disease or those taking potentially hepatotoxic agents.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cinnamon full monograph & interactions

Poria3 drug types · 417 drugs

Anticholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, poria mushroom might decrease the clinical effects of anticholinergic drugs.
In animal research, poria mushroom essential oil reduces acetylcholinesterase activity. This interaction has not been shown in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, poria mushroom might have additive effects when used with cholinergic drugs.
In animal research, poria mushroom essential oil reduces acetylcholinesterase activity. This interaction has not been shown in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cns Depressants

Theoretically, taking poria mushroom extract may enhance the therapeutic and adverse effects of sedatives.
Animal research shows that poria mushroom extract has sedative properties. This interaction has not been shown in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Poria full monograph & interactions

Asian Water Plantain1 drug type · 355 drugs

Nephrotoxic Drugs

Studies on animals have shown that Asian water plantain extract, which contains triterpenoids, is generally safe at doses up to 1440 mg/kg orally daily and does not cause harm to the body. However, using a higher dose of the extract, at 33.3 grams/kg orally for 60 days, has been linked to kidney issues, as indicated by increased blood urea nitrogen levels, and enlargement of the liver and kidneys. Additionally, two components of Asian water plantain, alisol A and alisol B, when given in doses of 400 mg/kg daily and 500 mg/kg daily respectively for 6 months, have been found to increase the production of markers that suggest potential kidney damage from certain medications. While these findings suggest there is very little risk that Asian water plantain may interact with drugs that are harmful to the kidneys, caution is still advised if combined with known nephrotoxic drugs (source: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28408883/)

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence A
Asian Water Plantain full monograph & interactions

Monkshood2 drug types · 278 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, combining aconite with other antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs might increase the risk of bruising and bleeding.
Higenamine, a constituent of aconite, is thought to have antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects. In an animal model of thrombosis, higenamine inhibited platelet aggregation and reduced the size of thrombus formation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Stimulant Drugs

Theoretically, combining aconite with other stimulant drugs might alter the effects of the stimulant drug or increase the risk of cardiovascular toxicity.
Aconite and its constituents have stimulant effects due to agonist activity at beta-2-adrenoreceptors. In cardiac muscle, aconite appears to have a positive inotropic effect and increases heart rate and blood pressure. However, some constituents of aconite can reduce heart rate and blood pressure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Monkshood full monograph & interactions

Rehmannia2 drug types · 258 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, rehmannia might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research shows that rehmannia may have hypoglycemic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, rehmannia might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research shows that rehmannia may have hypotensive effects. Laboratory research shows that formulations of dried and processed rehmannia root inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Rehmannia full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Kidney Tonic, from the product label.

Pacific BioLogic

See all Pacific BioLogic products
Name
Pacific BioLogic Co.
City
Concord
State
CA
ZipCode
94521
Phone Number
800 869-8783
Web Address
www.pacificbiologic.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Kidney Tonic by Pacific BioLogic: Common Questions

Does Kidney Tonic by Pacific BioLogic interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Kidney Tonic has a known interaction with 1,541 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Kidney Tonic contains 8 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is Monkshood safe to take?
No. The safety data for Monkshood (Aconite) is clear: it is extremely toxic and can be fatal even in small amounts. It should not be used at all, and especially not during pregnancy or breastfeeding. The presence of Monkshood in this formula is a major safety concern you should discuss with your doctor before considering the product.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
The data advises against it. Most ingredients here — including Monkshood, Asian Water Plantain, Poria, Rehmannia, and Moutan — have not enough safety information and are best avoided in pregnancy and while breastfeeding. Only Cinnamon is rated likely safe in food amounts during pregnancy, but supplement doses aren't well-studied. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist for personalized guidance.
Does this product have any good evidence that it works?
Only Rehmannia, one of the ingredients, shows possibly effective evidence for chronic kidney disease — the main condition this product targets. The other ingredients don't have reliable evidence established for their uses. The formula as a whole hasn't been studied as a single unit.
What are the most common side effects?
Moutan (Peony) is the ingredient most likely to cause side effects: gastrointestinal upset including nausea, diarrhea, abdominal bloating, and loss of appetite. Poria rarely causes allergic reactions like allergic rhinitis or asthma. Cinnamon can rarely cause rash or contact dermatitis in sensitive people.
Why does the label say 'proprietary blend'?
A proprietary blend means the manufacturer hasn't disclosed the individual amounts of each ingredient — you see the total blend weight, but not how much of each herb is inside. This makes it hard to know if you're getting a therapeutic dose of any one ingredient.
Is this safe to use long-term?
The data don't support long-term use. Asian Water Plantain safety data warn that high or long-term use may stress the kidneys or liver. Cinnamon at high supplement doses over extended periods raises concerns about liver damage. Most other ingredients have limited long-term human safety data. Discuss duration of use with your doctor or pharmacist.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Kidney Tonic label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Kidney Tonic’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Asian Water Plantain

Interacts with 355 drugs

Asian water plantain (Ze Xie) is a rhizome long used in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly as a diuretic and for fluid retention. Modern evidence is mostly limited to laboratory and animal...

Read the full Asian Water Plantain monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Poria Mushroom

Interacts with 417 drugs

Poria mushroom (Fu Ling) is a fungus long used in Traditional Chinese Medicine, mainly as a mild diuretic and digestive and calming aid. Modern scientific evidence in humans is very limited,...

Read the full Poria Mushroom monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Rehmannia

Interacts with 258 drugs

Rehmannia is a root used for centuries in Traditional Chinese Medicine, often to 'tonify' the kidneys and support energy or blood health. Human evidence for most modern uses is limited, so i...

Read the full Rehmannia monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Peony

Interacts with 811 drugs

Peony root is a traditional Chinese medicine herb often used for menstrual problems, cramps, and inflammation, frequently as part of combination formulas. Human evidence for most uses is lim...

Read the full Peony monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Aconite

Interacts with 278 drugs

Aconite is a highly poisonous plant, and even small amounts of the raw or improperly processed root can cause severe, life-threatening reactions. There is no good scientific evidence that it...

Read the full Aconite monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Cassia Cinnamon

Interacts with 442 drugs

Cassia cinnamon is the common, inexpensive cinnamon used in cooking, and it is also taken as a supplement, most often for blood sugar support. The evidence for its health benefits is mixed a...

Read the full Cassia Cinnamon monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Kidney Tonic's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 75 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Asian Water Plantain 1 reference
  1. Yuen MF, Tam S, Fung J, Wong DK, Wong BC, Lai CL. Traditional Chinese medicine causing hepatotoxicity in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection: a 1-year prospective study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Oct 15;24(8):1179-86. PubMed

See these in context on the Asian Water Plantain monograph →

Poria Mushroom 3 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  2. Kim H, Park I, Park K, Park S, Kim YI, Park BG. The positive effects of Poria cocos extract on quality of sleep in insomnia rat models. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022;19(11):6629. PubMed
  3. Lv Q, Di X, Bian B, Li K, Guo J. Neuroprotective effects of Poria cocos (Agaricomycetes) essential oil on Aß1-40-induced learning and memory deficit in rats. Int J Med Mushrooms 2022;24(10):73-82.

See these in context on the Poria Mushroom monograph →

Rehmannia 3 references
  1. Zhang R, Zhou J, Jia Z, et al. Hypoglycemic effect of Rehmannia glutinosa oligosaccharide in hyperglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats and its mechanism. J Ethnopharmacol 2004;90:39-43. PubMed
  2. Zhang RX, Li MX, Jia ZP. Rehmannia glutinosa: review of botany, chemistry and pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 2008;117(2):199-214. PubMed
  3. Chao CH, Hsu JL, Chen MF, et al. Anti-hypertensive effects of Radix Rehmanniae and its active ingredients. Nat Prod Res. 2020;34(11):1547-1552.

See these in context on the Rehmannia monograph →

Peony 15 references
  1. Chen LC, Chou MH, Lin MF, Yang LL. Effects of Paeoniae Radix, a traditional Chinese medicine, on the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin. J Clin Pharm Ther 2001;26:271-8. PubMed
  2. Guo TL, Zhou XW. [Clinical observations on the treatment of the gestational hypertension syndrome with Angelica and Paeonia powder]. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1986;6:714-6, 707.
  3. Xie HJ, Yasar U, Sandberg M, Rane A. Paeoniae Radix, a traditional Chinese medicine, and CYP2C9 activity. J Clin Pharm Ther 2002;27:229-30. . PubMed
  4. Harada M, Suzuki M, Ozaki Y. Effect of Japanese Angelica root and peony root on uterine contraction in the rabbit in situ. J Pharmacobiodyn 1984;7:304-11. PubMed
  5. Anon. Monograph. Peony (Paeonia spp). Alt Med Rev 2001;6:495-9.
  6. Bruynzeel DP. Contact Dermatitis Due to Paeonia (Peony). Contact Dermatitis 1989; 20:152-3..
  7. Bian, X., Xu, Y., Zhu, L., Gao, P., Liu, X., Liu, S., Qian, M., Gai, M., Yang, J., and Wu, Y. Prevention of maternal-fetal blood group incompatibility with traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Chin Med J (Engl.) 1998;111(7):585-587.
  8. Wong, A. L. and Chan, T. Y. Interaction between warfarin and the herbal product quilinggao. Ann Pharmacother 2003;37(6):836-838.
  9. Cai Y, Yuan Q, Xu K, et al. Assessment of the therapeutic effect of total glycosides of peony for juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2016;2016:8292486.
  10. Koo YK, Kim JM, Koo JY, et al. Platelet anti-aggregatory and blood anti-coagulant effects of compounds isolated from Paeonia lactiflora and Paeonia suffruticosa. Pharmazie 2010;65(8):624-8.
  11. Wang W, Tian DD, Zheng B, et al. Peony-glycyrrhiza decoction, an herbal preparation, inhibits clozapine metabolism via cytochrome P450s, but not flavin-containing monooxygenase in in vitro models. Drug Metab Dispos 2015;43(7):1147-53. PubMed
  12. Zhou Y, Jin L, Kong F, et al. Clinical and immunological consequences of total glucosides of paeony treatment in Sjögren's syndrome: A randomized controlled pilot trial. Int Immunopharmacol. 2016 Oct;39:314-319. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.08.006. PubMed
  13. Zhu Q, Qi X, Wu Y, Wang K. Clinical study of total glucosides of paeony for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. Int Urol Nephrol. 2016 Nov;48(11):1873-1880. doi: 10.1007/s11255-016-1345-5. PubMed
  14. Xu Y, Li X, Chen T, et al. Radix Paeoniae Alba increases serum estrogen level and up-regulates estrogen receptor expression in uterus and vagina of immature/ovariectomized mice. Phytother Res. 2019;33(1):117-29. [RETRACTED].
  15. Liu X, Li X, Li X, et al. The efficacy and safety of total glucosides of peony in the treatment of primary Sjögren's syndrome: a multi-center, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Clin Rheumatol. 2019;38(3):657-64. Erratum i

See these in context on the Peony monograph →

Aconite 33 references
  1. Tai YT. Adverse effects from traditional Chinese medicine. Lancet 1993;341:892.
  2. Tai YT, But PP, Young K, et al. Cardiotoxicity after accidental herb-induced aconite poisoning. Lancet 1992;340:1254-6. PubMed
  3. Fatovich DM. Aconite: a lethal Chinese herb. Ann Emerg Med 1992;21:309-11. PubMed
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See these in context on the Aconite monograph →

Cassia Cinnamon 20 references
  1. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
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  5. Press release. Cinnamon capsules to reduce blood sugar are medicinal products! Efficacy has not been scientifically proven - some products contain high levels of coumarin. Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfM), Germany, November 11, 2006. Available a
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See these in context on the Cassia Cinnamon monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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