Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by UpSpring

Other (e.g. Tea Bag) Category: Botanical With Nutrients
Most serious interaction: Moderate
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry is a dietary supplement by UpSpring with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for preventing or treating low potassium (hypokalemia), supporting healthy blood pressure, muscle cramps.Based on those ingredients, 567 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Fenugreek seed extract, Anise, Powder, Potassium. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry by UpSpring

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 1 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (125 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

MilkFlow contains four active ingredients: potassium, fenugreek seed extract, anise powder, and blessed thistle aerial parts extract. Potassium is an essential mineral; fenugreek and blessed thistle are traditionally used to support milk supply in breastfeeding, though evidence is limited.

Anise is included for flavor and traditional digestive support. The product also contains inactive ingredients like cane sugar, brown rice syrup, palm oil, sunflower lecithin, and others that give the soft chews their form and taste.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: supports breast milk supply.
  • We looked for evidence on: Lactation.
  • The closest evidence on file: Anise is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Lactation (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Fenugreek is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Lactation.

The data we hold shows fenugreek seed extract as possibly effective for sexual dysfunction, sexual arousal, dysmenorrhea (period pain), and diabetes. For anise and blessed thistle, the evidence isn't established—both are rated as having insufficient reliable evidence for the conditions they're traditionally used for, including migraine, menopausal symptoms, and PMS.

If milk supply is your goal, fenugreek and blessed thistle are often used for this purpose, but safety and effectiveness data are limited; discuss with your doctor or lactation specialist first.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Potassium Fenugreek Anise Blessed Thistle

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Potassium from a normal diet is safe, but supplements can cause dangerously high blood levels in some people, especially those with kidney disease—use only under medical guidance. Common side effects from potassium supplements include belly pain, belching, diarrhea, gas, nausea, and vomiting; serious but rare effects are irregular heartbeat, low blood pressure, and confusion.

Fenugreek seed is generally well tolerated orally but can cause belly pain, bloating, diarrhea, gas, low blood sugar, and nausea; rare severe allergic reactions (swelling, breathing trouble, shock) have been reported. Anise seems well tolerated as food or tea but rarely can trigger anaphylaxis in sensitive people.

Blessed thistle is often well tolerated in small amounts, but large doses may cause nausea or vomiting; allergy is possible in those sensitive to ragweed and related plants. Potassium is rated likely safe in pregnancy and lactation, and anise is also likely safe; however, fenugreek should be avoided in medicinal amounts during pregnancy (and may cause an unusual body odor in the newborn if used near delivery), and blessed thistle lacks safety data so it's best avoided in pregnancy.

For breastfeeding, check with your doctor first about fenugreek and blessed thistle supplements.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Potassium Fenugreek Anise Blessed Thistle

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Blessed Thistle, Anise, Fenugreek, Potassium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 567 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take this, check if you use any ACE inhibitors or ARBs (blood pressure drugs), potassium-sparing diuretics, blood thinners like warfarin, antiplatelet drugs like clopidogrel, antidiabetes medications, or theophylline. Also check for birth control pills, hormone replacement therapy, metoprolol, phenytoin, sildenafil, fluoxetine, codeine, diazepam, imipramine, or stomach acid medications (H2-blockers, antacids, PPIs).

These are Moderate or Minor interactions—search your exact medication below to see if it's in this product's profile.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

MilkFlow is used to support milk supply during breastfeeding, though the evidence for that purpose is limited. If you take any blood pressure medications, blood thinners, diabetes drugs, or stomach acid medications, you need to check your specific medications on this page before using it.

Talk to your pharmacist or doctor first—especially if you have kidney disease, are pregnant, or are breastfeeding.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Aug 22, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry, straight from the product label.

Brand UpSpring
Barcode (UPC) 850008560934
Net contents 28 Soft Chew(s); 5.14 Ounce(s); 145.6 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Aug 22, 2025
DSLD ID 336592
Product type Botanical With Nutrients
Supplement form Other (e.g. Tea Bag)
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Women (not pregnant or lactating), Adult Female (18 - 50 Years), Lactating, Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry by UpSpring, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Pregnant and Lactating
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Soft Chew(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Soft Chew(s)
Servings per container
14
UPC/BARCODE
850008560934
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories45 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrates9 Gram(s)3%
Potassium4 mg1%
Proprietary Blend125 mg--
Added Sugars6 Gram(s)12%
Total Sugars6 Gram(s)--
Total Fat0.5 Gram(s)1%
Fenugreek seed extract0 NP--
Anise, Powder0 NP--
Blessed Thistle Aerial Parts Extract0 NP--

Other ingredients: Cane Sugar, Brown Rice syrup, Palm Oil, Sunflower Lecithin, Natural Flavors, Citric Acid, Glycerin, Tapioca Starch, Carrot Juice, Blueberry Juice, Maltodextrin, Dextrin, Stevia Leaf Extract, Rice Husk

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

Supports breast milk supply Lactation consultant recommended ingredients

Lactation consultant recommended ingredients Can be used when pumping

Gluten free Non GMO

Formula

Fenugreek & blessed thistle Berry naturally flavored soft chews with other natural flavors

UpSpring's milkflow soft chews contain concentrated fenugreek and blessed thistle herbs that can help support the hormones that naturally support breast milk supply.

Fenugreek + blessed thistle Natural berry flavor with other natural flavors Naturally sourced herbs

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Take two (2) chews up to twice daily.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place. Avoid excessive heat.

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children. Not intended for use by persons under the age of 18 years old.

Do not use this product during pregnancy. If breastfeeding, taking medication, or have medical conditions (allergic individuals or diabetes), consult your healthcare professional prior to use.

In rare occasions, individuals allergic to peanuts or other legumes may experience allergic/asthma symptoms due to fenugreek.

Discontinue use and consult your healthcare professional if any adverse reactions occur.

General Statements

Milkflow? At UpSpring, we nurture the nurturers. Try our other great tasting milkflow breastfeeding supplements or stomach settle digestive supplements at myupspring.com

Brand IP Statement(s)

UpSpring Made with love. Backed by science.

See for yourself

MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry by UpSpring label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry by UpSpring

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Soft Chew(s) Dosage formOther (e.g. Tea Bag) Servings per container14 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Potassium

Interacts with
62 drugs
4 mg per serving

Potassium is an essential mineral your body needs for nerve signals, muscle function, and a steady heartbeat, and most people get enough from a balanc...

Potassium monograph & interactions

Proprietary Blend

125 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cane Sugar, Brown Rice syrup, Palm Oil, Sunflower Lecithin, Natural Flavors, Citric Acid, Glycerin, Tapioca Starch, Carrot Juice, Blueberry Juice, Maltodextrin, Dextrin, Stevia Leaf Extract, Rice Husk. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry by UpSpring Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
567Drugs
370 Moderate 197 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Fenugreek seed extract9 drug types · 389 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Some of the constituents in fenugreek have antiplatelet effects in animal and in vitro research. However, common fenugreek products might not contain sufficient concentrations of these constituents for clinical effects. A clinical study in patients with coronary artery disease or diabetes shows that taking fenugreek seed powder 2.5 grams twice daily for 3 months does not affect platelet aggregation, fibrinolytic activity, or fibrinogen levels .

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, fenugreek seed might have additive hypoglycemic effects when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Clinical research shows that fenugreek seed can reduce fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial glucose levels in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Clopidogrel (Plavix)

Theoretically, fenugreek seed might alter the clinical effects of clopidogrel by inhibiting its conversion to the active form.
Animal research shows that fenugreek seed 200 mg/kg daily for 14 days increases the maximum serum concentration of clopidogrel by 21%. It is unclear how this affects the pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite of clopidogrel; however, this study found that concomitant use of fenugreek seed and clopidogrel prolonged bleeding time by an additional 11%.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Metoprolol (Toprol)

Theoretically, fenugreek seed might have additive hypotensive effects when used with metoprolol.
Animal research shows that fenugreek seed 300 mg/kg daily for 2 weeks decreases systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 9% and 11%, respectively, when administered alone, and by 15% and 22%, respectively, when given with metoprolol 10 mg/kg.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Theoretically, fenugreek might decrease plasma levels of phenytoin.
Animal research shows that taking fenugreek seeds for 1 week decreases maximum concentrations and the area under the curve of a single dose of phenytoin by 44% and 72%, respectively. This seems to be related to increased clearance. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sildenafil (Viagra)

Theoretically, concurrent use of sildenafil and fenugreek might reduce levels and therapeutic effects of sildenafil.
Animal research shows that taking fenugreek seeds for 1 week reduces maximum concentrations and the area under the curve of a single dose of sildenafil by 27% and 48%, respectively. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Theophylline

Theoretically, fenugreek may reduce the levels and clinical effects of theophylline.
Animal research shows that fenugreek 50 grams daily for 7 days reduces the maximum serum concentration (Cmax) of theophylline by 28% and the area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve (AUC) by 22%.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects with warfarin and increase the international normalized ratio (INR).
Some fenugreek constituents have antiplatelet effects, although these might not be present in concentrations that are clinically significant. In one case report, a patient taking warfarin experienced an increased INR when starting to take fenugreek in combination with boldo.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Fenugreek may also have an additive effect on blood pressure-lowering medications. Studies on animals have shown that fenugreek seed can decrease both systolic and diastolic blood pressure by up to 22% when combined with metoprolol. Therefore, it is essential to monitor your blood pressure regularly if you are taking fenugreek and metoprolol together or any other antihypertensive drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence C

Anise, Powder11 drug types · 245 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, anise seed might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
A small clinical study shows that anise seed powder decreases fasting blood glucose levels by 36% when compared to baseline.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Caffeine

Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the efficacy of caffeine.
Animal research shows that taking anise oil with caffeine decreases the bioavailability of caffeine. Whether this interaction will occur in humans is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Codeine

Theoretically, anise oil might increase the effects and adverse effects of codeine.
Animal research shows that anise oil increases the analgesic effects of codeine, possibly by inducing its phase I metabolism and increasing conversion to morphine. Whether this interaction occurs in humans is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Theoretically, anise might interfere with contraceptive drug therapy.
Some in vitro research suggests that anise has estrogenic effects, while other in vitro research suggests that anise has antiestrogenic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diazepam (Valium)

Theoretically, anise oil might increase the effects and adverse effects of diazepam.
Animal research shows that taking anise oil with diazepam increases the motor impairment associated with diazepam, possibly by inhibiting its breakdown by cytochrome P450 3A4. Whether this interaction occurs in humans is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, anise might interfere with estrogen-based hormone replacement therapy.
Some in vitro research suggests that anise has estrogenic effects, while other in vitro research suggests that anise has antiestrogenic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Fluoxetine (Prozac)

Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the efficacy of fluoxetine.
Animal research shows that taking anise oil with fluoxetine reduces the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine, possibly by promoting its breakdown by cytochrome P450 2D6. Whether this interaction occurs in humans is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Imipramine (Tofranil)

Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the efficacy of imipramine.
Animal research shows that taking anise oil with imipramine reduces the antidepressant effects of imipramine, possibly by promoting its breakdown by cytochrome P450 2D6. Whether this interaction occurs in humans is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Midazolam (Versed)

Theoretically, anise oil might increase the effects and adverse effects of midazolam.
Animal research shows that taking anise oil with midazolam increases the motor impairment associated with midazolam, possibly by inhibiting its breakdown by cytochrome P450 3A4. Whether this interaction occurs in humans is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)

Theoretically, anise might interfere with tamoxifen therapy.
Some in vitro research suggests that anise has estrogenic effects, while other in vitro research suggests that anise has antiestrogenic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Acetaminophen (Tylenol, Others)

Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Animal research shows that taking anise oil with acetaminophen decreases peak plasma levels of acetaminophen but does not reduce overall bioavailability. Whether this interaction will occur in humans is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Potassium3 drug types · 62 drugs

Ace Inhibitors (Aceis)

Using ACEIs with high doses of potassium increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
ACEIs block the actions of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and reduce potassium excretion. Concomitant use of these drugs with potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia. However, concomitant use of these drugs with moderate dietary potassium intake (about 3775-5200 mg daily) does not increase serum potassium levels.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (Arbs)

Using ARBs with high doses of potassium increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
ARBs block the actions of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and reduce potassium excretion. Concomitant use of these drugs with potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia. However, concomitant use of these drugs with moderate dietary potassium intake (about 3775-5200 mg daily) does not increase serum potassium levels.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Concomitant use increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
Using potassium-sparing diuretics with potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C

Blessed Thistle Aerial Parts Extract3 drug types · 36 drugs

Antacids

Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of antacids.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
H2-Blockers

Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of H2-blockers.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Proton Pump Inhibitors (Ppis)

Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of PPIs.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry, from the product label.

UpSpring

See all UpSpring products
Name
UpSpring LLC
Street Address
4209 South Industrial Dr. Suite 200
City
Austin
State
TX
ZipCode
78744
Phone Number
1-877-449-4647
Web Address
myupspring.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry by UpSpring: Common Questions

Does MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry by UpSpring interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry has a known interaction with 567 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe to take while I'm breastfeeding?
Potassium and anise are likely safe, but fenugreek and blessed thistle haven't been well studied. Fenugreek is often used to support milk supply, but you should discuss it with your doctor or lactation consultant first to make sure it's right for you and your baby.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant?
Potassium from food is fine, but supplements should only be used under medical guidance. Anise is likely safe, but fenugreek should be avoided in medicinal amounts during pregnancy because it may affect the uterus. Blessed thistle also lacks safety data in pregnancy, so it's best avoided. Talk to your doctor before taking any supplement while pregnant.
What are the common side effects?
The most common side effects are digestive: belly pain, diarrhea, gas, nausea, and vomiting. These tend to come from the potassium and fenugreek. Serious side effects are rare but can include irregular heartbeat, low blood pressure, or severe allergic reactions; seek medical care if you notice any of these.
Does this actually help with milk supply?
Fenugreek and blessed thistle are traditionally used to support milk supply, but the evidence is limited. Fenugreek has some research backing it, but it's not guaranteed to work for everyone. Talk with your lactation consultant or doctor about whether it's worth trying and how to use it safely.
What if I have kidney disease?
Potassium supplements can cause dangerously high potassium levels in people with kidney disease. Do not take this product without checking with your doctor first.
Can I take this with my birth control pill?
Anise in this product may theoretically interfere with how birth control works, though the evidence is unclear. To be safe, discuss it with your pharmacist or doctor before starting.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry label
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

MilkFlow Soft Chews Berry's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 56 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Potassium 12 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Gennaro A. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy. 19th ed. Lippincott: Williams & Wilkins, 1996.
  3. Whelton PK, He J, Cutler JA, et al. Effects of oral potassium on blood pressure. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. JAMA 1997;277:1624-32. PubMed
  4. Phillips, C. O., Kashani, A., Ko, D. K., Francis, G., and Krumholz, H. M. Adverse effects of combination angiotensin II receptor blockers plus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors for left ventricular dysfunction: a quantitative review of data from ra DOI
  5. Altieri, P. I., Herrero, C., Suero, R., and Ortiz, A. Bleeding duodenal ulcer in a patient taking slow-releasing potassium tablets. Bol.Asoc.Med P.R. 1977;69(8):276.
  6. Raf, L. E. Enteric-coated potassium chloride tablets and ulcer of the small intestine. Acta Chir Scand Suppl 1967;(374):1-87.
  7. Potassium chloride oral solution [package insert]. Allentown, PA: Lehigh Valley Technologies, Inc.; 2014.
  8. Potassium chloride injection [package insert]. Lake Forest, IL: Hospira Inc.; 2009.
  9. Patel RB, Tannenbaum S, Viana-Tejedor A, et al. Serum potassium levels, cardiac arrhythmias, and mortality following non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction or unstable angina: insights from MERLIN-TIMI 36. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2017 Feb;6(1):1 PubMed
  10. Malta D, Arcand J, Ravindran A, Floras V, Allard JP, Newton GE. Adequate intake of potassium does not cause hyperkalemia in hypertensive individuals taking medications that antagonize the renin angiotensin aldosterone system. Am J Clin Nutr 2016 Oct;104(4 PubMed
  11. Keskin M, Kaya A, Tatlisu MA, et al. The effect of serum potassium level on in-hospital and long-term mortality in ST elevation myocardial infarction. Int J cardiol. 2016 Oct 15;221:505-10.
  12. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad

See these in context on the Potassium monograph →

Fenugreek 30 references
  1. Madar Z, Thorne R. Dietary fiber. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1987;11:153-74.
  2. Sharma RD, Raghuram TC, Rao NS. Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood glucose and serum lipids in type I diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr 1990;44:301-6.
  3. Patil SP, Niphadkar PV, Bapat MM. Allergy to fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum). Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1997;78:297-300. PubMed
  4. Lambert J, Cormier J. Potential interaction between warfarin and boldo-fenugreek. Pharmacotherapy 2001;21:509-12. PubMed
  5. Bordia A, Verma SK, Srivastava KC. Effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) on blood lipids, blood sugar and platelet aggregation in patients with coronary artery disease. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty PubMed
  6. Yalcin SS, Tekinalp G, Ozalp I. Peculiar odor of traditional food and maple syrup urine disease. Pediatr Int 1999;41:108-9. PubMed
  7. Sewell AC, Mosandl A, Bohles H. False diagnosis of maple syrup urine disease owing to ingestion of herbal tea. N Engl J Med 1999;341:769.. PubMed
  8. Abdo MS, al-Kafawi AA. Experimental studies on the effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (abstract). Planta Med 1969;17:14-8.
  9. Gupta A, Gupta R, Lal B. Effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seeds on glycaemic control and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double blind placebo controlled study. J Assoc Physicians India 2001;49:1057-61.
  10. Gabay MP. Galactogogues: medications that induce lactation. J Hum Lact 2002;18:274-9. PubMed
  11. Chevassus H, Gaillard JB, Farret A, et al. A fenugreek seed extract selectively reduces spontaneous fat intake in overweight subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2010;66(5):449-55. PubMed
  12. Turkyilmaz C, Onal E, Hirfanoglu IM, et al. The effect of galactagogue herbal tea on breast milk production and short-term catch-up of birth weight in the first week of life. J Altern Complement Med 2011;17(2):139-42. PubMed
  13. Swafford S, Berens P. Effect of fenugreek on breast milk volume. Abstract presented at: 5th International Meeting of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine; September 11-13,2000, Tucson, Arizona.
  14. Abdel-Barry, J. A., Abdel-Hassan, I. A., Jawad, A. M., and al Hakiem, M. H. Hypoglycaemic effect of aqueous extract of the leaves of Trigonella foenum-graecum in healthy volunteers. East Mediterr.Health J 2000;6(1):83-88. DOI
  15. Parvizpur, A., Ahmadiani, A., and Kamalinejad, M. Probable role of spinal purinoceptors in the analgesic effect of Trigonella foenum (TFG) leaves extract. J Ethnopharmacol 3-8-2006;104(1-2):108-112. PubMed
  16. Mora, A., Herrrera, A., Lopez, C., Dahbi, G., Mamani, R., Pita, J. M., Alonso, M. P., Llovo, J., Bernardez, M. I., Blanco, J. E., Blanco, M., and Blanco, J. Characteristics of the Shiga-toxin-producing enteroaggregative Escherichia coli O104:H4 German ou
  17. Blanco, J. [Stx2a-producing enteroaggregative Escherichia coli O104:H4-ST678. Microbiological diagnostic already, for this and other STEC/VTEC serotypes!]. Enferm.Infecc.Microbiol.Clin. 2012;30(2):84-89.
  18. Beutin, L. and Martin, A. Outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O104:H4 infection in Germany causes a paradigm shift with regard to human pathogenicity of STEC strains. J Food Prot. 2012;75(2):408-418. PubMed
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  20. Reeder C, Legrand A, O'Connor-Von SK. The Effect of Fenugreek on Milk Production and Prolactin Levels in Mothers of Preterm Infants. Clinical Lactation 2013;4(4):159-165. DOI
  21. Al-Jenoobi FI, Ahad A, Mahrous GM, Al-Mohizea AM, AlKharfy KM, Al-Suwayeh SA. Effects of fenugreek, garden cress, and black seed on theophylline pharmacokinetics in beagle dogs. Pharm Biol 2015;53(2):296-300. PubMed
  22. Rao A, Steels E, Inder WJ, Abraham S, Vitetta L. Testofen, a specialised Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extract reduces age-related symptoms of androgen decrease, increases testosterone levels and improves sexual function in healthy aging males in a doubl
  23. Steels E, Rao A, Vitetta L. Physiological aspects of male libido enhanced by standardized Trigonella foenum-graecum extract and mineral formulation. Phytother Res. 2011 Sep;25(9):1294-300.
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  27. Alkharfy K, Jan B, Alotaibi K, et al. Clopidogrel-herb Interactions: A Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Assessment in a Rat Model. Curr Drug Metab 2021;22(12):969-977. PubMed
  28. Bin Jardan YA, Ahad A, Raish M, Alam MA, Al-Mohizea AM, Al-Jenoobi FI. Effects of garden cress, fenugreek and black seed on the pharmacodynamics of metoprolol: an herb-drug interaction study in rats with hypertension. Pharm Biol 2021;59(1):1088-1097. PubMed
  29. Al-Mohizea AM, Ahad A, El-Maghraby GM, et al. Effects of Nigella sativa, Lepidium sativum and Trigonella foenum-graecum on sildenafil disposition in beagle dogs. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2015;40(2):219-24. PubMed
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Anise 12 references
  1. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
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  3. Mumcuoglu KY, Miller J, Zamir C, et al. The in vivo pediculicidal efficacy of a natural remedy. Isr Med Assoc J 2002;4:790-3.
  4. Garcia-Gonzalez JJ, Bartolome-Zavala B, Fernandez-Melendez S, et al. Occupational rhinoconjunctivitis and food allergy because of aniseed sensitization. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2002;88:518-22. . PubMed
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  6. Gonzalez-Gutierrez, M. L., Sanchez-Fernandez, C., Esteban-Lopez, M. I., Sempere-Ortells, J. M., and Diaz-Alperi, P. Allergy to anis. Allergy 2000;55(2):195-196.
  7. Anliker, M. D., Borelli, S., and Wuthrich, B. Occupational protein contact dermatitis from spices in a butcher: a new presentation of the mugwort-spice syndrome. Contact Dermatitis 2002;46(2):72-74. PubMed
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  12. Rajeshwari U, Shobha I, Andallu B. Comparison of aniseeds and coriander seeds for antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities. Spatula DD-Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery 2011;1:9-16. DOI

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Blessed Thistle 2 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  2. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.

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Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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