Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 5 of 7 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

MultiProbiotic Support Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by The Professional Series

MultiProbiotic Support label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking MultiProbiotic Support against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

MultiProbiotic Support is a dietary supplement by The Professional Series with 7 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for supporting normal blood clotting, bone health, heart and vascular health.Based on those ingredients, 1,298 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Propolis, Beta 1,3 Glucan, Lactobacillus acidophilus. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against MultiProbiotic Support by The Professional Series

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with MultiProbiotic Support by The Professional Series — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of MultiProbiotic Support by The Professional Series

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Aug 27, 2026

What’s inside

Partial disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Partial

Most active ingredients list an amount, but at least one is hidden in a blend or missing.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 5 of its 7 active ingredients.
  • “Carnitine” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (34 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.

MultiProbiotic Support contains seven active ingredients: vitamin K, Lactobacillus acidophilus (a probiotic bacteria), beta 1,3 glucan (a fiber derived from yeast or mushrooms), carnitine, Bifidus (a probiotic bacteria), Bifidobacterium (another probiotic strain), and propolis (a resinous mixture made by bees). The inactive ingredients include cellulose, gelatin, FOS (a prebiotic fiber), vegetable stearate, and silica.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Strong

Strong clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Hemorrhagic disease — rated "Effective" (Vitamin K) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Hypoprothrombinemia — rated "Effective" (Vitamin K) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: L-carnitine deficiency — rated "Effective" (L-carnitine) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Warfarin anticoagulation — rated "Effective" (Vitamin K) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Vitamin K-dependent clotting factors deficiency (VKCFD) — rated "Effective" (Vitamin K) (Natural Medicines).

The evidence for this product's ingredients varies. Vitamin K is effective for conditions tied to clotting factor deficiency and possibly effective for osteoporosis.

Beta-glucan is likely effective for high cholesterol and heart disease. L-carnitine is effective for carnitine deficiency and possibly effective for high cholesterol, heart failure, and chest pain.

The probiotic strains—Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium—are possibly effective for irritable bowel syndrome, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and bacterial vaginosis. Propolis is possibly effective for mouth sores and cold sores.

We hold no effectiveness data for Bifidus.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin K Lactobacillus Acidophilus Beta-glucans L-carnitine Propolis

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Taken orally, vitamin K is generally well tolerated at dietary amounts but may cause mild stomach upset, nausea, or diarrhea; it is likely safe in pregnancy and lactation. L. acidophilus and beta-glucan are generally well tolerated in healthy people, though minor digestive side effects like bloating or abdominal discomfort can occur.

L-carnitine commonly causes nausea, stomach cramps, diarrhea, and sometimes a fishy body odor at high doses; seizures are rare. Propolis is generally well tolerated short-term but can cause headache (about 7% of trial participants at higher doses) and, rarely, severe allergic reactions in people sensitive to bee products; it is best avoided during pregnancy, and data on breastfeeding are limited.

We hold no pregnancy or lactation data for beta-glucan or Bifidus.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin K Lactobacillus Acidophilus Beta-glucans L-carnitine Propolis

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Propolis, Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Vitamin K, L-carnitine, Beta-glucans.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs.
  • For scale: 1,299 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking MultiProbiotic Support, check with your own doctor or pharmacist if you take any of the following: blood thinners like warfarin (Coumadin) or acenocoumarol (Sintrom)—Major and Moderate severity interactions; antibiotics—a Moderate interaction; blood pressure medications or immune-suppressing drugs; thyroid hormone replacement; or any drug metabolized by your liver's CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, or CYP2E1 pathways. Altogether, these interactions span 1,299 individual medications.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glancePartially disclosed formula with strong clinical evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product may appeal to people managing digestive health or cholesterol, but it carries significant medication interactions—especially if you take a blood thinner like warfarin, thyroid hormone, antibiotics, or blood pressure medication. If you're on any prescription drugs, talk with your own doctor or pharmacist before starting it, using the medication checker on this page as a starting point.

Those allergic to bee products should avoid propolis.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 7 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jul 25, 2013.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about MultiProbiotic Support, straight from the product label.

Brand The Professional Series
Barcode (UPC) 310539890745
Net contents 60 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jul 25, 2013
DSLD ID 10734
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for MultiProbiotic Support by The Professional Series, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
310539890745
IngredientAmount% DV
Vitamin K30 mcg38%
Lactobacillus acidophilus1000000000 CFU--
Beta 1,3 Glucan200 mg--
Carnitine34 mg--
Bifidus0 NP--
Bifidobacterium0 NP--
Propolis5 mg--
Blend0 NP--
50 mg L-Carnitine-L-Tartrate50 mg--

Other ingredients: Cellulose, Gelatin, FOS, Vegetable Stearate, Silica

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Brand IP Statement(s)

ABOUT THIS PRODUCT: Formulated and recommended by health care professionals worldwide, the Professional Series(R) is committed to providing you with the highest quality nutritional supplements available.

General

Formula #889074

Formulation

This product contains NO yeast, wheat gluten, soy protein, milk/dairy, corn, sodium, starch, artificial coloring, preservatives or flavoring.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

SUGGESTED USAGE: As a dietary supplement, adults take 2 capsules daily or as directed by physician.

Precautions

WARNING: This product contains Vitamin K, which interferes with the prescription drugs Coumadin(R) and Warfarin. If you are taking these or similar prescription drugs, consult your physician before using this product.

KEEPOUTOFREACHOFCHILDREN

Tamper resistant package, do not use if outer seal is missing.

Storage

For optimal storage conditions,keep refrigerated with lid tightly sealed after opening.

General Statements

Nutritional Information

This formulation was specifically designed to supplement the nutrients most commonly depleted by antibiotic prescriptions

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

MultiProbiotic Support by The Professional Series label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

MultiProbiotic Support label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in MultiProbiotic Support by The Professional Series

These are the 7 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Vitamin K

Interacts with
2 drugs
30 mcg per serving

Vitamin K is an essential nutrient your body needs for normal blood clotting and to support healthy bones. Most people get enough from food, but suppl...

Vitamin K monograph & interactions

Lactobacillus acidophilus

Interacts with
182 drugs
1000000000 CFU per serving

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy p...

Lactobacillus acidophilus monograph & interactions

Beta 1,3 Glucan

Interacts with
293 drugs
200 mg per serving

Beta-glucans are natural fibers found in oats, barley, mushrooms, and yeast. The strongest evidence supports the oat and barley types for modestly low...

Beta 1,3 Glucan monograph & interactions

Carnitine

Interacts with
19 drugs
34 mg per serving

L-carnitine is a compound your body makes naturally and also gets from foods like meat. It helps cells turn fat into energy, and supplements are most...

Carnitine monograph & interactions

Propolis

Interacts with
921 drugs
5 mg per serving

Propolis is a natural, resin-like substance made by bees that has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties in lab studies. Early research sugges...

Propolis monograph & interactions

Blend

0 NP per serving
  • › Bifidus
  • › Bifidobacterium

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Gelatin, FOS, Vegetable Stearate, Silica. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

MultiProbiotic Support by The Professional Series Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against MultiProbiotic Support?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,298Drugs
2 Major 1,296 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Propolis 921
Beta 1,3 Glucan 293
Lactobacillus acidophilus 182
Carnitine 19
Vitamin K 2

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in MultiProbiotic Support interact with 1,298 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

5 of the 7 ingredients in MultiProbiotic Support interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Propolis Beta 1,3 Glucan Lactobacillus acidophilus Carnitine Vitamin K

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in MultiProbiotic Support with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Propolis8 drug types · 921 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, propolis might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
In vitro research shows that propolis water extract and the propolis constituent, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, can inhibit platelet aggregation. Additionally, evidence from an animal model shows that taking propolis in addition to warfarin decreases INR, suggesting that propolis can decrease the effectiveness of warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that propolis extract can inhibit CYP1A2. However, animal research shows that propolis extract does not significantly affect CYP1A2 activity when administered to rats at doses up to 250 mg/kg. It is postulated that the constituents of propolis that inhibit CYP1A2 in vitro do not have significant effects in vivo due to low bioavailability and hepatic first-pass effect. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates

Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
In vitro research shows that propolis extract can inhibit CYP2C19. However, animal research shows that propolis extract does not significantly affect CYP2C19 activity when administered to rats at doses up to 250 mg/kg. It is postulated that the constituents of propolis that inhibit CYP2C19 in vitro do not have significant effects in vivo due to low bioavailability and hepatic first-pass effect. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that propolis extract can inhibit CYP2C9. However, animal research shows that propolis extract does not significantly affect CYP2C9 activity when administered to rats at doses up to 250 mg/kg. It is postulated that the constituents of propolis that inhibit CYP2C9 in vitro do not have significant effects in vivo due to low bioavailability and hepatic first-pass effect. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that propolis extract can inhibit CYP2D6. However, animal research shows that propolis extract does not significantly affect CYP2D6 activity when administered to rats at doses up to 250 mg/kg. It is postulated that the constituents of propolis that inhibit CYP2D6 in vitro do not have significant effects in vivo due to low bioavailability and hepatic first-pass effect. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2E1) Substrates

Theoretically, propolis might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
In vitro research shows that propolis can inhibit CYP2E1. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, high doses of propolis might increase blood levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Some in vitro research shows that propolis extract can inhibit CYP3A4; however, other in vitro research shows that propolis has no effect on CYP3A4 activity. Furthermore, animal research shows that propolis extract does not significantly affect CYP3A4 activity when administered to rats at doses up to 250 mg/kg. It is postulated that the constituents of propolis that might in inhibit CYP3A4 in vitro do not have significant effects in vivo due to low bioavailability and hepatic first-pass effect. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, propolis might decrease the effectiveness of warfarin.
Animal research shows that taking propolis in addition to warfarin decreases the international normalized ratio (INR). This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Propolis full monograph & interactions

Beta 1,3 Glucan2 drug types · 293 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, taking beta-glucans with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Clinical research shows that taking beta-glucans may reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure in some hypertensive individuals.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, beta-glucans might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Some clinical research shows that beta-glucans have immunostimulant effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Beta 1,3 Glucan full monograph & interactions

Lactobacillus acidophilus1 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L. acidophilus.
L. acidophilus preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and L. acidophilus preparations by at least two hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lactobacillus acidophilus full monograph & interactions

Carnitine3 drug types · 19 drugs

Acenocoumarol (Sintrom)

Theoretically, L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol.
L-carnitine might enhance the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, an oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin, but shorter-acting. There are at least two case reports of INR elevation with concomitant use. In one case, a 33-year-old male with a previously stable INR had an elevated INR of 4.65 after L-carnitine was started and continued for 10 weeks. INR normalized after discontinuation of the L-carnitine-containing product.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, L-carnitine might decrease the effectiveness of thyroid hormone replacement.
L-carnitine appears to act as a peripheral thyroid hormone antagonist by inhibiting entry of thyroid hormone into the nucleus of cells. Taking L-carnitine also seems to diminish some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, a shorter-acting oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin. There is not enough information to know whether this interaction occurs with L-carnitine and warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Carnitine full monograph & interactions

Vitamin K1 drug type · 2 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Vitamin K can antagonize and reverse the therapeutic effects of warfarin.
Vitamin K antagonizes the effects of warfarin. Excessive vitamin K intake, either from supplements or from changes in the diet, can reduce the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
Vitamin K full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for MultiProbiotic Support, from the product label.

The Professional Series

See all The Professional Series products
Name
The Professional Series(R)
Street Address
600 Boyce Road
City
Robinson Twp.
State
PA
ZipCode
15205
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

MultiProbiotic Support by The Professional Series: Common Questions

Does MultiProbiotic Support by The Professional Series interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, MultiProbiotic Support has a known interaction with 1,298 medications, including 2 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
MultiProbiotic Support contains 7 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm on warfarin?
No—not without checking with your doctor first. Vitamin K in this product can reverse warfarin's blood-thinning effect, and propolis may also interfere with it. You need your doctor or pharmacist to review this with you and decide if it's safe.
Should I take this with antibiotics?
Not at the same time. The probiotic bacteria in this product can be killed by antibiotics, making the probiotic less effective. Your pharmacist can advise you on the best timing to separate them.
What is propolis and why is it in here?
Propolis is a bee-made resin with possibly effective evidence for cold sores and mouth sores. If you're allergic to bee products, you should avoid this supplement.
Is this safe during pregnancy?
Vitamin K and Lactobacillus acidophilus are likely or possibly safe, but propolis is best avoided during pregnancy because safety data are limited. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is right for you.
What are the most common side effects?
Mild digestive upset—nausea, stomach cramps, diarrhea, or bloating—is most common, especially with the probiotic ingredients. L-carnitine at higher doses may cause a fishy body odor.
Can I take this if I'm on thyroid medication?
The L-carnitine in this product may interfere with thyroid hormone absorption. Check with your own doctor or pharmacist before adding it.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if MultiProbiotic Support is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

MultiProbiotic Support label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind MultiProbiotic Support’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin K

Interacts with 2 drugs

Vitamin K is an essential nutrient your body needs for normal blood clotting and to support healthy bones. Most people get enough from food, but supplements are sometimes used for deficiency...

Read the full Vitamin K monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lactobacillus Acidophilus

Interacts with 182 drugs

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people, and there is reasonable evidence...

Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Beta-glucans

Interacts with 293 drugs

Beta-glucans are natural fibers found in oats, barley, mushrooms, and yeast. The strongest evidence supports the oat and barley types for modestly lowering cholesterol and blood sugar, while...

Read the full Beta-glucans monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

L-carnitine

Interacts with 19 drugs

L-carnitine is a compound your body makes naturally and also gets from foods like meat. It helps cells turn fat into energy, and supplements are most clearly useful for people with a true ca...

Read the full L-carnitine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Propolis

Interacts with 921 drugs

Propolis is a natural, resin-like substance made by bees that has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties in lab studies. Early research suggests it may help with cold sores, mouth so...

Read the full Propolis monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

MultiProbiotic Support's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 99 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Vitamin K 11 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  3. Crowther MA, Ageno W, Garcia D, et al. Oral vitamin K versus placebo to correct excessive anticoagulation in patients receiving warfarin: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(5):293-300. PubMed
  4. Dietary vitamin K guidance: an effective strategy for stable control of oral anticoagulation? Nutr Rev. 2010;68(3):178-81. PubMed
  5. Kim JS, Nafziger AN, Gaedigk A, et al. Effects of oral vitamin K on S- and R-warfarin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: enhanced safety of warfarin as a CYP2C9 probe. J Clin Pharmacol. 2001 Jul;41(7):715-22. PubMed
  6. Riegert-Johnson, D. L. and Volcheck, G. W. The incidence of anaphylaxis following intravenous phytonadione (vitamin K1): a 5-year retrospective review. Ann.Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2002;89(4):400-406. PubMed
  7. Dezee, K. J., Shimeall, W. T., Douglas, K. M., Shumway, N. M., and O'malley, P. G. Treatment of excessive anticoagulation with phytonadione (vitamin K): a meta-analysis. Arch.Intern.Med. 2-27-2006;166(4):391-397. DOI
  8. Dentali, F., Ageno, W., and Crowther, M. Treatment of coumarin-associated coagulopathy: a systematic review and proposed treatment algorithms. J.Thromb.Haemost. 2006;4(9):1853-1863. PubMed
  9. Caluwé R, Vandecasteele S, Van Vlem B, Vermeer C, De Vriese AS. Vitamin K2 supplementation in haemodialysis patients: a randomized dose-finding study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014;29(7):1385-90.
  10. Huang ZB, Wan SL, Lu YJ, Ning L, Liu C, Fan SW. Does vitamin K2 play a role in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis for postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Osteoporos Int. 2015;26(3):1175-86. PubMed
  11. Hunnali CR, Devi U, Kitchanan S, Sethuraman G. Three Different Regimens for Vitamin K Birth Prophylaxis in Infants Born Preterm: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Pediatr 2023;255:98-104. PubMed

See these in context on the Vitamin K monograph →

Lactobacillus Acidophilus 15 references
  1. Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
  2. Begtrup LM, de Muckadell OB, Kjeldsen J, Christensen RD, Jarbøl DE. Long-term treatment with probiotics in primary care patients with irritable bowel syndrome--a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 2013;48(10):1127-35 PubMed
  3. Chatterjee S, Kar P, Das T, Ray S, Gangulyt S, Rajendiran C, Mitra M. Randomised placebo-controlled double blind multicentric trial on efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium BB-12 for prevention of antibiotic-associated
  4. Shavakhi A, Tabesh E, Yaghoutkar A, Hashemi H, Tabesh F, Khodadoostan M,Minakari M, Shavakhi S, Gholamrezaei A. The effects of multistrain probiotic compound on bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized placebo-c
  5. Karamali M, Dadkhah F, Sadrkhanlou M, et al. Effects of probiotic supplementation on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Metab 2016;42(4):234-41. PubMed
  6. Badehnoosh B, Karamali M, Zarrati M, et al. The effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 May;31(9):1128-1136.
  7. Kumar S, Kumar R, Rohilla L, Jacob N, Yadav J, Sachdeva N. A high potency multi-strain probiotic improves glycemic control in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled pilot study. Pediatr Diabete
  8. Shahriari A, Karimi E, Shahriari M, Aslani N, Khooshideh M, Arab A. The effect of probiotic supplementation on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among high-risk pregnant women: A parallel double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial PubMed
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Beta-glucans 11 references
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L-carnitine 41 references
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Propolis 21 references
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See these in context on the Propolis monograph →

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