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Dietary supplement

Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Biophix

Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg is a dietary supplement by Biophix with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for skin hydration and aging, joint comfort and osteoarthritis, dry eyes.Based on those ingredients, 324 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Sodium, Nicotinic Amide Niacin. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg by Biophix

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg by Biophix — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg by Biophix

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Aug 27, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 3 of its 3 active ingredients.
  • “Nicotamide Hyaluronate” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (600 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Biophix Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg contains 3 active ingredients: hyaluronic acid, sodium, and niacinamide (also called nicotinic amide). Hyaluronic acid is a substance your body naturally produces to cushion joints and keep skin hydrated; niacinamide is a form of vitamin B3 that plays a role in energy and cell function.

The product also contains inactive ingredients — cellulose, silica, and magnesium stearate — which are fillers and binders that help form the capsule.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: supports healthy skin aging and health.
  • We looked for evidence on: Aging skin, Acne, Atopic dermatitis (eczema), Rosacea, Radiation dermatitis, Wound healing — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Hyaluronic Acid is rated "Possibly Effective" for Dry eye (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Niacinamide is rated "Possibly Effective" for Acne.
  • Also on file: Hyaluronic Acid is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Aging skin, Radiation dermatitis, Wound healing.

The evidence for this product is mixed and varies by ingredient. Hyaluronic acid is possibly effective for dry eye and venous leg ulcers, but there isn't enough reliable evidence to rate it for aging skin, hay fever, or sexual dysfunction.

Niacinamide is likely effective for pellagra (a vitamin deficiency disease) and possibly effective for acne, high phosphate levels, osteoarthritis, and diabetes, but was rated possibly ineffective for brain tumor. Sodium itself has no effectiveness ratings for the conditions this product may target — it's included as a mineral component, not a therapeutic agent.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Hyaluronic Acid Sodium Niacinamide

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Hyaluronic acid is generally well tolerated when taken by mouth, though long-term safety of oral supplements hasn't been fully studied. The safety data available is limited, so you should talk with your doctor before taking it unless they've already advised it.

Niacinamide is usually well tolerated at recommended doses, but high amounts can cause dizziness, drowsiness, itching, headache, rash, and gastrointestinal problems like nausea and diarrhea. Sodium is essential in small amounts, but excess intake — whether from supplements or diet — is linked to high blood pressure and heart strain.

The facts note that pregnancy and lactation safety information for hyaluronic acid is incomplete, and while normal dietary and prenatal-vitamin amounts of niacinamide are considered acceptable, high doses should be discussed with your healthcare provider.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Hyaluronic Acid Sodium Niacinamide

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Niacinamide, Sodium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; lithium.
  • For scale: 324 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking Biophix Nicotinamide Hyaluronate, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take blood thinners (anticoagulants) like warfarin, blood pressure medications (antihypertensives), lithium for mood, or seizure drugs like carbamazepine or primidone. Also flag corticosteroids, didanosine (Videx), sodium phosphate bowel-prep solutions, or tolvaptan (Samsca) — all carry moderate risks with this product's sodium content.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product might interest someone looking for joint or skin support who has no blood pressure or seizure medications and isn't on lithium or warfarin. Anyone on medications listed above — especially blood thinners, heart drugs, or lithium — needs to check with their own doctor or pharmacist before adding this supplement.

Even if you don't take medications, the sodium content means you should review your total daily intake with your healthcare provider, particularly if you have high blood pressure or heart concerns.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 24, 2022.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg, straight from the product label.

Brand Biophix
Barcode (UPC) X001YVDI6N
Net contents 60 Veg Cap(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 24, 2022
DSLD ID 276053
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating), Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg by Biophix, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Veg Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Veg Capsule(s)
Servings per container
60
UPC/BARCODE
X001YVDI6N
IngredientAmount% DV
Hyaluronic Acid100 mg--
Sodium9 mg1%
Nicotamide Hyaluronate600 mg--
Nicotinic Amide Niacin500 mg3125%

Other ingredients: Cellulose, Silica, Magnesium Stearate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested usage: As a dietary supplement, for adults, take 1 veg capsule daily, preferably with a meal.

Formula

Biophix Nicotinamide Hyaluronate is a scientifically engineered molecular complex formula consisting of hyaluronic acid-bound nicotinic amide niacin. Developed for dermatologists, nicotinamide hyaluronate supports healthy skin aging, healthy skin repair and natural dermal hydration.

Hyaluronic acid bound nicotinamide

Precautions

Caution: For adults only.

Not to be used by pregnant/ lactating women or those with liver problems, stomach ulcers, or diabetes unless recommended by your healthcare practitioner.

Keep out of reach of children.

Not manufactured with wheat, gluten, soy, corn, milk, egg, fish, shellfish or tree nut ingredients. Produced in a GMP facility that processes other ingredients containing these allergens.

Formulation

Natural color variation may occur in this product.

Supports healthy skin aging & hydration Supports normal skin cell repair

Vegan

GMP tested

Not manufactured with wheat, gluten, soy, corn, milk, egg, fish, shellfish or tree nut ingredients.

Gluten free GMO free

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Seals/Symbols

Manufactured in a GMP Inspected Facility

Made in USA

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg by Biophix label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg by Biophix

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Veg Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Nicotamide Hyaluronate

600 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Silica, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg by Biophix Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
324Drugs
324 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Sodium 205
Nicotinic Amide Niacin 124

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg interact with 324 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 3 ingredients in Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Sodium Nicotinic Amide Niacin

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Sodium7 drug types · 205 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
High intake of dietary sodium can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, high intake of sodium may necessitate increased use of antihypertensive medications to achieve blood pressure control in some patients, such as those with chronic kidney disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Corticosteroids

Concomitant use of mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) cause sodium retention. This effect is dose-related and depends on mineralocorticoid potency. It is most common with hydrocortisone, cortisone, and fludrocortisone, followed by prednisone and prednisolone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Didanosine (Videx)

Concomitant use of didanosine with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Didanosine formulations contain a significant amount of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Lithium

Altering dietary intake of sodium might alter the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
High sodium intake can reduce plasma concentrations of lithium by increasing lithium excretion. Reducing sodium intake can significantly increase plasma concentrations of lithium and cause lithium toxicity in patients being treated with lithium carbonate. Stabilizing sodium intake is shown to reduce the percentage of patients with lithium level fluctuations above 0.8 mEq/L. Patients taking lithium should avoid significant alterations in their dietary intake of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Phosphates

Theoretically, concomitant use of sodium phosphate with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Use of high doses (> 45 mL in 24 hours) of sodium phosphate, such as those used for bowel cleansing before surgery, can lead to serious electrolyte disturbances, including hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sodium-Containing Drugs

Concomitant use of sodium-containing drugs with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia and long-term sodium-related complications.
The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) intake level of 2.3 grams of sodium daily indicates the intake at which it is believed that chronic disease risk increases for the apparently healthy population. Some medications contain high quantities of sodium. When used in conjunction with sodium supplements or high-sodium diets, the CDRR may be exceeded. Additionally, concomitant use may increase the risk for hypernatremia; this risk is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolvaptan (Samsca)

Theoretically, concomitant use of tolvaptan with sodium might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that is used to increase sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. Patients taking tolvaptan should use caution with the use of sodium salts such as sodium chloride.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Sodium full monograph & interactions

Nicotinic Amide Niacin4 drug types · 124 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, niacinamide may have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs, especially in patients on hemodialysis.
Several cases of thrombocytopenia have been reported for hemodialysis patients treated with niacinamide 1 gram daily. Hemodialysis patients receiving niacinamide had almost a three-fold higher risk of developing thrombocytopenia when compared with those receiving placebo.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Niacinamide might increase the levels and adverse effects of carbamazepine.
Plasma levels of carbamazepine were increased in two children given high-dose niacinamide, 60-80 mg/kg/day. This might be due to inhibition of the cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in carbamazepine metabolism. There is not enough data to determine the clinical significance of this interaction.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Primidone (Mysoline)

Niacinamide might increase the levels and adverse effects of primidone.
Case reports in children suggest niacinamide 60-100 mg/kg/day reduces hepatic metabolism of primidone to phenobarbital, and reduces the overall clearance rate of primidone; however, there is not enough data to determine the clinical significance of this potential interaction.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

There is limited evidence that niacinamide may increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
In a case report, a patient on warfarin developed an elevated international normalized ratio (INR) of 8.4 after taking niacinamide 500 mg twice daily for 10 days. The patient's INR was previously stable, ranging between 2 and 3, with no other changes to current medications or diet reported. The elevated INR returned to the therapeutic range after receiving vitamin K and discontinuing niacinamide.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Nicotinic Amide Niacin full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg, from the product label.

Biophix

See all Biophix products
Name
Biophix Health & Nutrition
Street Address
4131 SW 47th Ave. Unit 1404
City
Davie
State
FL
ZipCode
33314
Phone Number
305-861-0898
Web Address
www.biophix.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg by Biophix: Common Questions

Does Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg by Biophix interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg has a known interaction with 324 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
What is hyaluronic acid, and what does it do in this supplement?
Hyaluronic acid is a substance your body makes naturally to keep skin hydrated and cushion joints. In this supplement, it's included for those goals. The evidence shows it's possibly effective for dry eye and venous leg ulcers, but we don't have enough reliable data to know if it helps with aging skin or other conditions.
Why does this supplement contain sodium, and how much is in one capsule?
The product facts don't specify the amount of sodium per capsule. Since sodium can interact with several medications and too much raises blood pressure risk, you should ask your pharmacist for the exact dose and talk with your doctor about whether it fits your daily sodium limit.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
For niacinamide, normal dietary and prenatal-vitamin amounts are considered likely safe in pregnancy and lactation; high-dose supplements should be discussed with your healthcare provider. For hyaluronic acid, there isn't enough safety data on file, so you should talk with your doctor or midwife before taking it.
What are the most common side effects of niacinamide?
At recommended amounts, niacinamide is well tolerated. At higher doses, common side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, itching, headache, rash, and stomach upset like nausea and heartburn. If you notice any of these, cut back or stop and let your pharmacist know.
Is this supplement effective for joint pain or arthritis?
Niacinamide is possibly effective for osteoarthritis. Hyaluronic acid doesn't have a rated effectiveness for arthritis pain in our data. If joint support is your goal, talk with your doctor about whether this product is right for you and what to expect.
Will this supplement work if I'm taking acne medication?
Niacinamide is possibly effective for acne on its own, and it doesn't appear to have interactions with acne drugs in our data. That said, if you take any prescription medications, run them through the interaction checker or ask your pharmacist before you start.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid is a natural substance in the body that helps hold water in the skin, joints, and eyes. Oral and topical products are popular for skin moisture and joint comfort, and the evi...

Read the full Hyaluronic Acid monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Sodium

Interacts with 205 drugs

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...

Read the full Sodium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Niacinamide

Interacts with 124 drugs

Niacinamide (also called nicotinamide) is a form of vitamin B3 used in supplements and skin-care products. It is well established for preventing and treating vitamin B3 deficiency, and there...

Read the full Niacinamide monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Nicotinamide Hyaluronate 600 mg's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 64 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Hyaluronic Acid 4 references
  1. Park Y, Song JS, Choi CY, Yoon KC, Lee HK, Kim HS. A randomized multicenter study comparing 0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.3% sodium hyaluronate with 0.05% cyclosporine in the treatment of dry eye. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2017;33(2):66-72. PubMed
  2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Do Not Use Needle-Free Devices for Injection of Dermal Fillers - FDA Safety Communication. October 8, 2021. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/safety-communications/do-not-use-needle-free-devices-injection
  3. Disphanurat W, Srisantithum B. Efficacy and safety of 0.15% isobutylamido thiazolyl resorcinol combined with hyaluronic acid vs 0.15% isobutylamido thiazolyl resorcinol or hyaluronic acid alone in melasma treatment: A randomized evaluator-blind trial. J C PubMed
  4. Humbert P, Mikosinki J, Benchikhi H, Allaert FA. Efficacy and safety of a gauze pad containing hyaluronic acid in treatment of leg ulcers of venous or mixed origin: a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Int Wound J 2013;10(2):159-66. PubMed

See these in context on the Hyaluronic Acid monograph →

Sodium 38 references
  1. Garabedian-Ruffalo SM, Ruffalo RL. Drug and nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1986;33:165-74.
  2. Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
  3. Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
  4. Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
  5. Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
  6. Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
  7. Boudville N, Ward S, Benaroia M, House AA. Increased sodium intake correlates with greater use of antihypertensive agents by subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hypertens 2005;18(10):1300-5. PubMed
  8. Bennett WM. Drug interactions and consequences of sodium restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(2 Suppl):678S-681S. PubMed
  9. Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
  10. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
  11. D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
  12. Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
  13. Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
  14. Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
  15. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk. Circulation. 2014;129(9):981-9. PubMed
  16. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Sodium Intake and All-Cause Mortality Over 20 Years in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(15):1609-1617. PubMed
  17. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016;388(10043):465-75. PubMed
  18. Moosavian SP, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017;68(3):265-277. PubMed
  19. O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):612-23. DOI
  20. Poggio R, Gutierrez L, Matta MG, Elorriaga N, Irazola V, Rubinstein A. Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(4):695-704. PubMed
  21. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
  22. Mahtani KR, Heneghan C, Onakpoya I, et al. Reduced Salt Intake for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1693-1700. PubMed
  23. Yancy CW. Sodium Restriction in Heart Failure: Too Much Uncertainty-Do the Trials. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1700-1701. PubMed
  24. He FJ, Campbell NRC, Ma Y, MacGregor GA, Cogswell ME, Cook NR. Errors in estimating usual sodium intake by the Kawasaki formula alter its relationship with mortality: implications for public health. Int J Epidemiol. 2018;47(6):1784-1795. PubMed
  25. Murthy K, Ondrey GJ, Malkani N, et al. THE EFFECTS OF HYPONATREMIA ON BONE DENSITY AND FRACTURES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Endocr Pract. 2019;25(4):366-378. PubMed
  26. Messerli FH, Hofstetter L, Syrogiannouli L, et al. Sodium intake, life expectancy, and all-cause mortality. Eur Heart J 2021;42(21):2103-2112. PubMed
  27. Graudal NA, Hubeck-Graudal T, Jurgens G. Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020;12(12):CD004022. PubMed
  28. Giatti S, Santos RB, Aielo AN, et al. Association of sodium with obstructive sleep apnea. The ELSA-Brasil study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021;18(3):502-510. PubMed
  29. Nan X, Lu H, Wu J, et al. The interactive association between sodium intake, alcohol consumption and hypertension among elderly in northern China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021;21(1):135. PubMed
  30. Kyozuka H, Fukusda T, Murata T, et al. Impact of preconception sodium intake on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: The Japan Environment and Children's study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2021;23:66-72. PubMed
  31. Zhao L, Ogden CL, Yang Q, et al. Association of usual sodium intake with obesity among US children and adolescents, NHANES 2009-2016. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021;29(3):587-594. PubMed
  32. Ma Y, He FJ, Sun Q, et al. 24-Hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med 2022;386(3):252-263. PubMed
  33. Liu J, Yang X, Zhang P, et al. Association of urinary sodium excretion and left ventricular hypertrophy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021;12:728493. PubMed
  34. Filippini T, Malavolti M, Whelton PK, Vinceti M. Sodium intake and risk of hypertension: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational cohort studies. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022;24(5):133-144. PubMed
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Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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