Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 2 of 3 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

NO2 Black Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by MRI

Other (e.g. Tea Bag) Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

NO2 Black is a dietary supplement by MRI with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for diabetic nerve pain (neuropathy), blood sugar support in diabetes, antioxidant support.Based on those ingredients, 312 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Alpha-Lipoic Acid, ACTINOS2 Whey Peptide Fraction. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of NO2 Black by MRI

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 1 of its 3 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend {Combination}” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (150 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

NO2 Black contains 3 active ingredients. Alpha-lipoic acid is an antioxidant compound.

ACTINOS2 Whey Peptide Fraction is a concentrate of whey protein, the milk-derived protein used for muscle support. Arginine alpha-Ketoglutarate is a form of arginine, an amino acid.

The product also contains several inactive ingredients, including calcium phosphate, cellulose compounds, seaweed extract, corn extract, pectin, and magnesium stearate.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Diabetic neuropathy — rated "Possibly Effective" (Alpha-lipoic Acid) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Hyperlipidemia — rated "Possibly Effective" (Alpha-lipoic Acid) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Obesity — rated "Possibly Effective" (Alpha-lipoic Acid) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Athletic performance — rated "Possibly Effective" (Whey Protein) (Natural Medicines).

Alpha-lipoic acid is rated possibly effective for diabetic nerve pain (neuropathy) and possibly effective for high cholesterol and weight loss. For whey protein, the evidence is mixed: it's rated possibly effective for athletic performance, but possibly ineffective for osteoporosis and for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

We don't hold enough evidence to rate whey protein for cognitive decline or HIV/AIDS-related wasting. We have no effectiveness data on file for arginine alpha-ketoglutarate.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Alpha-lipoic Acid Whey Protein

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Alpha-lipoic acid is generally well tolerated but can lower blood sugar and is best used under medical guidance. The most common side effects are headache, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting when taken by mouth; skin rash and itching have also been reported.

The safety data advises against use during pregnancy and while breastfeeding due to insufficient reliable information. Whey protein is generally well tolerated by most healthy adults, though concentrated supplements are not as well studied as whey as a food.

Common side effects include bloating, cramps, diarrhea, headache, nausea, and reflux—most are dose-related. Whey protein has been reported to trigger or worsen acne, especially in teenagers and young adults; this typically improves after stopping the supplement.

Concentrated high-dose whey supplements warrant a check with your doctor before starting.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Alpha-lipoic Acid Whey Protein

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Alpha-lipoic Acid, Whey Protein.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; cancer treatments; diabetes medications; Parkinson's medications.
  • For scale: 312 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check with your pharmacist before use if you take blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (Major concern with alpha-lipoic acid). Also double-check levodopa for Parkinson's disease (Major, with whey protein).

If you're on quinolone, tetracycline, or other antibiotics, bisphosphonates, thyroid hormone, or diabetes medications, those need review too—whey protein and alpha-lipoic acid both affect how several of these work.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

NO2 Black may be considered by people interested in blood-flow support or athletic performance, but it's not for everyone. If you take blood thinners, Parkinson's medication, antibiotics, bone medications, diabetes drugs, or thyroid hormone, check with your pharmacist first.

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before starting—especially if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or managing diabetes.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 2 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Mar 23, 2012.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about NO2 Black, straight from the product label.

Brand MRI
Barcode (UPC) 633012800032
Net contents 180 Caplet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Mar 23, 2012
DSLD ID 6640
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Other (e.g. Tea Bag)
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for NO2 Black by MRI, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Caplet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
5 Caplet(s)
Servings per container
60
UPC/BARCODE
633012800032
IngredientAmount% DV
Alpha-Lipoic Acid0 NP--
Proprietary Blend {Combination}150 mg--
Arginine alpha-Ketoglutarate3000 mg--
ACTINOS2 Whey Peptide Fraction0 NP--

Other ingredients: Calcium Phosphate, cellulose esthers and composites, Seaweed extract, corn extract, pectin, Magnesium Stearate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Statement of Identity

DIETARY SUPPLEMENT

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

DAILY DOSING CHART (chart) FOR MEN UP TO 200 LBS - 8 CAPLETS 4 caplets 30 minutes before breakfast and again 30 minutes before lunch OVER 200 LBS - 10 CAPLETS 5 caplets 30 minutes before breakfast and again 30 minutes before lunch FOR WOMEN UP TO 125 LBS - 4 CAPLETS 2 caplets 30 minutes before breakfast and again 30 minutes before lunch OVER 125 LBS - 6 CAPLETS 3 caplets 30 minutes before breakfast and again 30 minutes before lunch

NOTE: To maximize results, drink at least 64 ounces of water daily while using NO2 Black.

Precautions

KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN.

WARNING: Diabetics, women who are pregnant or nursing, individuals being treated for high blood pressure or serum glucose control or erectile dysfunction, individuals who are thiamin deficient, allergic to alpha-lipoic acid or other sulfur-containing compounds, or taking prescription drugs, should consult their physician before using this product. Use this product with caution if you have a history of cold sores. Use of this product is not recommended in individuals allergic to corn products, gluten, or citrus fruit. Not intended for use by individuals under the age of 18 years.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

* THESE STATEMENTS HAVE NOT BEEN EVALUATED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION. THIS PRODUCT IS NOT INTENDED TO DIAGNOSE, TREAT, CURE OR PREVENT ANY DISEASE.

Storage

PROTECT FROM LIGHT AND MOISTURE

STORE AT 59-86°F (15-30°C).

General Statements

ACTINOS2 is a trademark of Glanbia plc.

ARGININE ALPHA-KETOGLUTARATE

BLACK

CLINICALLY TESTED

EXTENDED-RELEASE FORMULA

HINT: NO2 Black is ideal to stack with CE2.

NOS-ENHANCED HEMODILATOR*

U.S. PATENT NO. 6,905,707

General

Rev. 121806

Brand IP Statement(s)

(C) 2007, MRI, Inc.

Formulation

This product contains no yeast, wheat, soy, sugar or other sweeteners, artificial flavors, colors or preservatives.

Seals/Symbols

ArginPure(TM) by Degussa(R)

pHylex9(TM) Extended-Release Delivery Technology

UP-REGULATED WITH: ACTINOS2(TM) NOS-Enhancing Peptide Fraction

See for yourself

NO2 Black by MRI label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in NO2 Black by MRI

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Caplet(s) Dosage formOther (e.g. Tea Bag) Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Blend {Combination}

150 mg per serving

Arginine alpha-Ketoglutarate

3000 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Calcium Phosphate, Cellulose esthers and composites, Seaweed extract, Corn extract, Pectin, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

NO2 Black by MRI Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against NO2 Black?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
312Drugs
5 Major 221 Moderate 86 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in NO2 Black with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Alpha-Lipoic Acid5 drug types · 263 drugs

Alkylating Agents

Theoretically, the antioxidant effects of alpha-lipoic acid might alter the effectiveness of alkylating agents.
The use of antioxidants like alpha-lipoic acid during chemotherapy is controversial. There are concerns that antioxidants could reduce the activity of chemotherapy drugs that generate free radicals. However, some researchers theorize that antioxidants might make chemotherapy more effective by reducing oxidative stress that might interfere with apoptosis (cell death) of cancer cells. More evidence is needed to determine what effect, if any, antioxidants such as alpha-lipoic acid have on chemotherapy. Advise patients to consult their oncologist before using alpha-lipoic acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, alpha-lipoic acid may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro, alpha-lipoic acid inhibits platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antitumor Antibiotics

Theoretically, the antioxidant effects of alpha-lipoic acid might alter the effectiveness of antitumor antibiotics.
The use of antioxidants like alpha-lipoic acid during chemotherapy is controversial. There are concerns that antioxidants could reduce the activity of antitumor antibiotic drugs, which work by generating free radicals. However, some researchers theorize that antioxidants might make chemotherapy more effective by reducing oxidative stress that might interfere with apoptosis (cell death) of cancer cells. More evidence is needed to determine what effect, if any, antioxidants such as alpha-lipoic acid have on chemotherapy involving antitumor antibiotics. Advise patients to consult their oncologist before using alpha-lipoic acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, alpha-lipoic acid might decrease the effects of thyroid hormone drugs.
Animal research suggests that co-administration of thyroxine with alpha-lipoic acid reduces conversion into the active T3 form.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking alpha-lipoic acid with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Although some small clinical studies have suggested that alpha-lipoic acid can lower blood glucose levels, larger clinical studies in patients with diabetes have shown no clinically meaningful effect. Additionally, co-administration of single doses of alpha-lipoic acid and glyburide or acarbose did not cause detectable drug interactions in healthy volunteers.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B

ACTINOS2 Whey Peptide Fraction4 drug types · 53 drugs

Levodopa

Theoretically, whey protein might decrease levodopa absorption.
Small clinical studies show that concomitant ingestion of protein or high doses of leucine or isoleucine (100 mg/kg) and levodopa can exacerbate tremor, rigidity, and the "on-off" syndrome in patients with Parkinson disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Bisphosphonates

Theoretically, whey protein might reduce the absorption of bisphosphonates.
Whey protein contains minerals such as calcium that bind bisphosphonates in the gut. Advise patients to take bisphosphonates at least 30 minutes before whey protein, but preferably at a different time of day.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Quinolone Antibiotics

Theoretically, whey protein might decrease quinolone absorption.
Whey protein contains minerals, such as calcium, that can bind to quinolones in the gut. To avoid this interaction, advise patients to take oral quinolones at least 2 hours before or 4-6 hours after whey protein.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Theoretically, whey protein might decrease tetracycline absorption.
Whey protein contains minerals, such as calcium, that bind to tetracyclines in the gut. To avoid this interaction, advise patients to take oral tetracyclines at least 2 hours before or 4-6 hours after whey protein.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for NO2 Black, from the product label.

MRI

See all MRI products
Name
MRI Medical Research Institute
City
San Francisco
State
CA
ZipCode
94107
Phone Number
1.888.448.4246
Web Address
www.mri-performance.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

NO2 Black by MRI: Common Questions

Does NO2 Black by MRI interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, NO2 Black has a known interaction with 312 medications, including 5 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
NO2 Black contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Will this product affect my blood thinner or aspirin?
Alpha-lipoic acid in this product may theoretically increase bleeding risk if you're on blood thinners (anticoagulants) or antiplatelet drugs like aspirin. This is a Moderate-severity concern, so check with your pharmacist before starting.
Is whey protein safe if I'm lactose intolerant?
The facts on file don't address lactose content or how this ingredient affects people with lactose intolerance. Ask your pharmacist or check the label for lactose information before use.
What are the most common side effects?
From alpha-lipoic acid, headache, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting are most common. Whey protein often causes bloating, cramps, diarrhea, nausea, and reflux—most side effects are dose-related. A small number of users have reported acne or worsening of existing acne.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
The safety data advises against using alpha-lipoic acid during pregnancy and while breastfeeding due to insufficient reliable information. For whey protein and arginine alpha-ketoglutarate, pregnancy and breastfeeding safety data isn't on file. Talk with your doctor for personalized advice.
Does this really improve blood flow or athletic performance?
Alpha-lipoic acid is rated possibly effective for diabetic nerve pain, high cholesterol, and weight loss. Whey protein is rated possibly effective for athletic performance. These ratings mean there's some evidence, but it's not definitive. Talk to your pharmacist about whether this product fits your specific goals.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if NO2 Black is safe with your meds?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

NO2 Black label
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

NO2 Black's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 73 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Alpha-lipoic Acid 48 references
  1. Labriola D, Livingston R. Possible interactions between dietary antioxidants and chemotherapy. Oncology 1999;13:1003-8.
  2. Anon. Alpha-lipoic acid. Altern Med Rev 1998;3:308-10.
  3. Konrad T, Vicini P, Kusterer K, et al. Alpha-lipoic acid treatment decreases serum lactate and pyruvate concentrations and improves glucose effectiveness in lean and obese patients with Type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 1999;22:280-7. PubMed
  4. Ziegler D, Hanefeld M, Ruhnau KJ, et al. Treatment of symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy with the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid: A 3-week, multicentre randomized controlled trial (ALADIN Study). Diabetologia 1995;38:1425-33.
  5. Gleiter CH, Schreeb KH, Freudenthaler S, et al. Lack of interaction between thioctic acid, glibenclamide and acarbose. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999;48:819-25. PubMed
  6. Jacob S, Henriksen EJ, Tritschler HJ, et al. Improvement of insulin-stimulated glucose-disposal in type 2 diabetes after repeated parenteral administration of thioctic acid. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabet 1996;104:284-8. PubMed
  7. Jacob S, Henriksen EJ, Schiemann AL, et al. Enhancement of glucose disposal in patients with type 2 diabetes by alpha-lipoic acid. Arzneimittelforschung 1995;45:872-4.
  8. Jacob S, Ruus P, Hermann R, et al. Oral administration of RAC-alpha-lipoic acid modulates insulin sensitivity in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled, pilot trial. Free Rad Biol Med 1999;27:309-14.
  9. Segermann J, Hotze A, Ulrich H, Rao GS. Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on the peripheral conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine and on serum lipid-, protein- and glucose levels. Arzneimittelforschung 1991;41:1294-8.
  10. Beitner H. Randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind study on the clinical efficacy of a cream containing 5% alpha-lipoic acid related to photoaging of facial skin. Br J Dermatol 2003;149:841-9.
  11. Ziegler D, Nowak H, Kempler P, et al. Treatment of symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy with the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid: A meta-analysis. Diabet Med 2004;21:114-21.
  12. Prasad KN. Rationale for using high-dose multiple dietary antioxidants as an adjunct to radiation therapy and chemotherapy. J Nutr 2004;134:3182S-3S. PubMed
  13. Conklin KA. Cancer chemotherapy and antioxidants. J Nutr 2004;134:3201S-3204S. PubMed
  14. Vincent HK, Bourguignon CM, Vincent KR, Taylor AG. Effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation in peripheral arterial disease: a pilot study. J Alt Complement Med 2007;13:577-84. PubMed
  15. Furukawa N, Miyamura N, Nishida K, et al. Possible relevance of alpha lipoic acid contained in a health supplement in a case of insulin autoimmune syndrome. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2007;75:366-7. PubMed
  16. Ziegler D., Ametov A., Barinov A., Dyck P. J., Gurieva I., Low P. A., Munzel U., Yakhno N., Raz I., Novosadova M., Maus J., Samigullin, R. Oral treatment with alpha-lipoic acid improves symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy: the SYDNEY 2 trial. Diabetes Car
  17. Gu X. M., Zhang S. S., Wu J. C., Tang Z. Y., Lu Z. Q., Li H., Liu C., Chen L., Ning, G. [Efficacy and safety of high-dose a-lipoic acid in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2010;90(35):2473-2476.
  18. Porasuphatana S., Suddee S., Nartnampong A., Konsil J., Harnwong B., Santaweesuk A. Glycemic and oxidative status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus following oral administration of alpha-lipoic acid: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled
  19. Ansar H., Mazloom Z., Kazemi F., Hejazi N. Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on blood glucose, insulin resistance and glutathione peroxidase of type 2 diabetic patients. Saudi Med J 2011;32(6):584-588. DOI
  20. de Oliveira A. M., Rondó P. H., Luzia L. A., D'Abronzo F. H., Illison V. K. The effects of lipoic acid and a-tocopherol supplementation on the lipid profile and insulin sensitivity of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, double-blind, pla
  21. Mazloom Z., Ansar H. The Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid on Blood Pressure in Type 2 Diabetics. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 2009;11(3):245-250.
  22. Volchegorskii I. A., Rassokhina L. M., Koliadich M. I., Alekseev M. I. [Comparative study of alpha-lipoic acid and mexidol effects on affective status, cognitive functions and quality of life in diabetes mellitus patients]. Eksp Klin Farmakol 2011;74(11):
  23. Cavalcanti D. R., da Silveira F. R. Alpha lipoic acid in burning mouth syndrome--a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. J Oral Pathol Med 2009;38(3):254-261. PubMed
  24. Koh E. H., Lee W. J., Lee S. A., Kim E. H., Cho E. H., Jeong E., Kim D. W., Kim M. S., Park J. Y., Park K. G., Lee H. J., Lee I. K., Lim S., Jang H. C., Lee K. H., Lee K. U. Effects of alpha-lipoic Acid on body weight in obese subjects. Am J Med 2011;124( PubMed
  25. Bergqvist-Karlsson, A., Thelin, I., and Bergendorff, O. Contact dermatitis to alpha-lipoic acid in an anti-wrinkle cream. Contact Dermatitis 2006;55(1):56-57.
  26. Tang, J., Wingerchuk, D. M., Crum, B. A., Rubin, D. I., and Demaerschalk, B. M. Alpha-lipoic acid may improve symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy. Neurologist. 2007;13(3):164-167. PubMed
  27. Hegazy SK, Tolba OA, Mostafa TM, Eid MA, El-Afify DR. Alpha-lipoic acid improves subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in asymptomatic patients with type 1 diabetes. Rev Diabet Stud 2013;10(1):58-67. PubMed
  28. Huang Z, Wan X, Liu J, et al. Short-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion combined with insulin sensitizers rosiglitazone, metformin, or antioxidant a-lipoic acid in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Technol Ther 201
  29. Sarezky D, Raquib AR, Dunaief JL, Kim BJ. Tolerability in the elderly population of high-dose alpha lipoic acid: a potential antioxidant therapy for the eye. Clin Ophthalmol. 2016 Sep 29;10:1899-1903. PubMed
  30. Boriani F, Granchi D, Roatti G, Merlini L, Sabattini T, Baldini N. Alpha-lipoic acid after median nerve decompression at the carpal tunnel: a randomized controlled trial. J Hand Surg Am. 2017 Apr;42(4):236-42. PubMed
  31. Karkabounas S, Papadopoulos N, Anastasiadou C, et al. Effects of a-lipoic Acid, carnosine, and thiamine supplementation in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double-blind study. J Med Food. 2018;21(12):1197-1203.
  32. Murray GL, Colombo J. (r)Alpha lipoic acid is a safe, effective pharmacologic therapy of chronic orthostatic hypotension associated with low sympathetic tone. Int J Angiol. 2019;28(3):188-193. PubMed
  33. Bobe G, Michels AJ, Zhang WJ, et al. A randomized controlled trial of long-term (R)-α-lipoic acid supplementation promotes weight loss in overweight or obese adults without altering baseline elevated plasma triglyceride concentrations. J Nutr. 2020:
  34. Passiatore M, Perna A, De-Vitis R, Taccardo G. The use of alfa-lipoic acid-R (ALA-R) in patients with mild-moderate carpal tunnel syndrome: A randomised controlled open label prospective study. Malays Orthop J. 2020;14(1):1-6. PubMed
  35. El-Nahas MR, Elkannishy G, Abdelhafez H, Elkhamisy ET, El-Sehrawy AA. Oral alpha lipoic acid treatment for symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2020. PubMed
  36. Kim BJ, Hunter A, Brucker AJ, et al. Orally administered alpha lipoic acid as a treatment for geographic atrophy: A randomized clinical trial. Ophthalmol Retina. 2020;4(9):889-898. PubMed
  37. Derosa G, D'Angelo A, Preti P, Maffioli P. Safety and efficacy of alpha lipoic acid during 4 years of observation: A retrospective, clinical trial in healthy subjects in primary prevention. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2020;14:5367-5374.
  38. Sun Y, Guan X, Wang H, et al. Randomized clinical trial of combined therapy with oral a-lipoic acid and NB-UVB for nonsegmental stable vitiligo. Dermatol Ther. 2021;34(1):e14610.
  39. Gilron I, Robb S, Tu D, et al. Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial of alpha-lipoic acid for the treatment of fibromyalgia pain: the IMPALA trial. Pain. 2021;162(2):561-568. PubMed
  40. Gullo D, Evans JL, Sortino G, Goldfine ID, Vigneri R. Insulin autoimmune syndrome (Hirata Disease) in European Caucasians taking a-lipoic acid. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2014;81(2):204-9.
  41. Yukina M, Nuralieva N, Solovyev M, Troshina E, Vasilyev E. Insulin autoimmune syndrome. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep. 2020;2020:19-0159. PubMed
  42. Moffa S, Improta I, Rocchetti S, Mezza T, Giaccari A. Potential cause-effect relationship between insulin autoimmune syndrome and alpha lipoic acid: Two case reports. Nutrition. 2019;57:1-4. PubMed
  43. Izzo V, Greco C, Corradini D, et al. Insulin autoimmune syndrome in an Argentine woman taking a-lipoic acid: A case report and review of the literature. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2018;6:2050313X18819601.
  44. EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA), Turck D, et al. Scientific opinion on the relationship between intake of alpha-lipoic acid (thioctic acid) and the risk of insulin autoimmune syndrome. EFSA J 2021;19(6):e06577. PubMed
  45. Jibril AT, Jayedi A, Shab-Bidar S. Efficacy and safety of oral alpha-lipoic acid supplementation for type 2 diabetes management: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized trials. Endocr Connect 2022;11(10):e220322. PubMed
  46. Corazza M, Arlotti E, Schettini N, Pacetti L, Bianchi A, Borghi A. Allergic contact dermatitis due to a-lipoic acid in a topical over-the-counter product: A case report. Contact Dermatitis 2023.
  47. Velasco-Amador JP, Prados-Carmona Á, Navarro-Triviño FJ. Contact urticaria syndrome caused by alpha-lipoic acid in a master formula for vulvar lichen sclerosus. Contact Dermatitis 2023;89(2):136-137. PubMed
  48. Sehgal T, Ohri U, Mittal N, Attri P, Dishant F. A Case of Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome in an Indian Male Taking Alpha-Lipoic Acid. Cureus 2023;15(8):e43743. PubMed

See these in context on the Alpha-lipoic Acid monograph →

Whey Protein 25 references
  1. Martindale W. Martindale the Extra Pharmacopoeia. Pharmaceutical Press, 1999.
  2. Maton PN, Burton ME. Antacids revisited: a review of their clinical pharmacology and recommended therapeutic use. Drugs 1999;57:855-70.
  3. Bell SJ. Whey protein concentrates with and without immunoglobulins: a review. J Med Food 2000;3:1-13. PubMed
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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